CN108329138A - A kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108329138A CN108329138A CN201810358399.9A CN201810358399A CN108329138A CN 108329138 A CN108329138 A CN 108329138A CN 201810358399 A CN201810358399 A CN 201810358399A CN 108329138 A CN108329138 A CN 108329138A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizers and preparation method thereof, are made from the raw material by following parts by weight：100 150 parts of sheep manure, 60 80 parts of chicken manure, 50 60 parts of edible fungi residues, 70 80 parts of maize straw, 12 parts of EM bacteria agent, 2 parts of fermentation accelerant, 1 part of composite ferment.Prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer formula of the present invention is reasonable, economical and effective, environmental protection significantly improve crop yield, effective prevention and control soil-borne disease, soil texture can also be improved, the utilization rate of fertilizer is greatly improved by the synergistic effect of each component, fully meet the needs of crop is to nutrient, plays the effect of fertilizer to greatest extent, can both improve yield, quality can be improved again, be a kind of ideal biological green environmental friendly fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
The especially agriculture developed regions in most of China area, nitrogen application severely exceed at present, and chemical fertilizer return rate is year by year
Decline, and causes serious pollution.After phosphate fertilizer, general 75-85% is immobilized, and effective rate of utilization is low.Chemical Potassium
All it is readily soluble salt, other than runoff loss, 60% has leaked into 60cm non-arable layers below.Since chemical nitrogen fertilizer is fast
The visual effect of speed is easy largely to be abused by peasant, causes the serious unbalance of fertilising.Chemically composited fertilizer, especially high concentration
Chemically composited fertilizer causes farmland part chemical fertilizer excessive concentration and more losses.Long-term unreasonable fertilising, it is especially a large amount of long
Phase uses chemical fertilizer, and being easy to cause in soil content of organics reduces, soil acidification, hardened, and soil flora is unbalance, is harmful to
Bacterium and harmful substance increase, and soil fertility declines.It is harmful to also cause chemical residue etc. in agricultural product for chemical fertilizer and indiscriminate use of pesticide
Substance increases significantly, and quality decline influences health and the existence of the mankind.Therefore, organic agriculture, Agricultural product without pollution are more next
More it is valued by people, and improved characteristics of the biological organic fertilizer due to its unique bioactivity and to soil become green agriculture
The hope place of industry, Organic Farming.
Biological organic fertilizer is a kind of fertilizer for being inoculated with beneficial microbe on the basis of traditional organic fertilizer and producing.Biology
A large amount of organic matters contained by organic fertilizer and beneficial microbe, can improve soil texture, and rehabilitating soil microbiota inhibits to have
The sprawling of evil microorganism safeguards that soil ecology balances.Except containing a great number of elements necessary to crop growthing development and micro member
Plain outer, biological organic fertilizer also contains microbial metabolic products and a large amount of active beneficial microbes, can promote plant growth and
Enhance crop resistance, improve crop yield, improves quality of agricultural product.
Soil-borne disease refer to pathogen life in the soil, condition suitable for when from crop root or stem infringement crop and draw
The disease risen.The ashamed object soil-borne disease of agriculture is that distribution is wide, harm weight, is difficult to the crop disease prevented.Generally occur in countries in the world,
China is particularly acute, and according to incompletely statistics, long-term onset area is up to more than 600 ten thousand hectares.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of economical and effective, environmental protection, significantly improve crop yield, prevention and control soil-borne disease biological organic
Fertilizer.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer, is made from the raw material by following parts by weight：Sheep manure 100-150
Part, 60-80 parts of chicken manure, 50-60 parts of edible fungi residues are 70-80 parts of maize straw, 1-2 parts of EM bacteria agent, 2 parts of fermentation accelerant, compound
1 part of leavening；
The fermentation accelerant is by cross-linked chitosan and acrylate according to 1：Made from the weight ratio of 2-4；
The composite ferment is by azotobacter chroococcum, bafillus natto and Hansenula anomala according to 1：2-3：0.5-
Made from 1.5 weight ratio.
The present invention bafillus natto be it is commercially available, living bacteria count be 10-100 hundred million/gram.
Hansenula anomala and azotobacter chroococcum used in the present invention is purchased from China General Microbiological culture presevation management
The heart (address：Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3 Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica), deposit number is respectively：
CGMCCNo.3435 and CGMCCNo.12402.
Described, cross-linked chitosan is made from following methods：
1) chitosan is added into the aqueous acetic acid of volume fraction 1-1.8%, stirring and dissolving adjusts pH to 5, and it is poly- to obtain shell
Glycogen feed liquid；
2) Tween 80 is added in chitosan material liquid, stirs 20-30min, ferric sulfate is added while stirring, continues to stir
10min stands 20-40min after the completion of stirring, obtains emulsion；
3) the tripolyphosphate sodium water solution of volume fraction 1.5-2% is added in emulsion, stirs 5-10min, 70 DEG C true
Sky is dry to be less than 5wt% to moisture, obtains cross-linked chitosan.
Described, the addition quality of chitosan is calculated as 0.04g/mL with the volume of aqueous acetic acid.
Described, the addition of Tween 80 is the 3-5% of chitosan material liquid weight；The addition of the ferric sulfate is shell
The 4.5-5.5% of glycan material liquid weight.
Described, the volume ratio of tripolyphosphate sodium water solution and emulsion is 0.5-1.5：10.
A kind of preparation method of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer, is made from following steps：
1) corn stalk powder is broken to length≤5cm, is uniformly mixed, obtains crushing straw；
2) crushing straw is irrigated with aqueous solution of urea, is tiled, tiling thickness is 40-50cm；Then edible fungi residues are uniform
Be sprinkled upon above, place 2-4 days, mix sheep manure and chicken manure, it is uniformly mixed, obtain material；
3) EM bacteria agent is added into water, be sufficiently stirred, obtain EM bacterium solutions；EM bacterium solutions are uniformly sprayed to material, is uniformly mixed, piles
Long pile waters in pile, and moisture control is 45% ± 3%；When heap temperature is increased to 50 DEG C, first time turning is carried out；
When heap temperature rises to 60 DEG C, second of turning is carried out；Continue fermentation 9-13 days, overall process fermentation temperature must not be aqueous higher than 70 DEG C
Rate is controlled 45% ± 3%, obtains just fermentation material；
4) fermentation accelerant, composite ferment and water are uniformly mixed, obtain zymotic fluid；Zymotic fluid is uniformly sprayed to initial
In ferment material, the turning when spilling continues fermentation 8-10 days, and overall process fermentation temperature must not be higher than 70 DEG C, and moisture control is 55%
± 3%, obtain prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer.
Described, a concentration of 2-5% of aqueous solution of urea.
Described, the weight ratio of EM bacteria agent and water is 1：70-80.
Described, the weight ratio of composite ferment and water is 1：30-40.
Described, long pile is trapezoidal pile, high 1.0 meters of heap or more, wide 1.5 meters of bottom edge heap or more；Winter environment temperature
When less than 10 DEG C, a height of 1.5 meters of trapezoidal pile heap, bottom edge heap width is 2 meters.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1. prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer formula of the present invention is reasonable, economical and effective, environmental protection significantly improve and make produce
Amount, effective prevention and control soil-borne disease, can also improve soil texture, the utilization of fertilizer is greatly improved by the synergistic effect of each component
Rate fully meets the needs of crop is to nutrient, plays the effect of fertilizer to greatest extent, can not only improve yield, but also can improve
Quality is a kind of ideal biological green environmental friendly fertilizer.
2. in prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer of the present invention, the fermentation of sheep manure, chicken manure, edible fungi residues and maize straw
Product can significantly improve microbial biomass and microbial activity in soil.EM bacterium carry out initial fermentation to organic materials, on the one hand
The mineralization of organic matter can be achieved, provide available nutrient for crop and microorganism, the humification of organic matter on the other hand can be achieved,
And then provide power for the fermentation of composite ferment, proliferation.Composite ferment is further fermented, and micro- in initial fermentation
Biology is mutually promoted, and achievees the effect that mutual supplement with each other's advantages, is realized the Rapid Fermentation of organic materials, is increase soil fertility, is conducive to soil
Earth forms crumb structure, improves soil property, improves the resistance and immunity of crops, ensure root to aerial part moisture and
The supply of nutrient and basic element of cell division isoreactivity substance, is conducive to the enhancing of above-ground plant parts normal activity, can also press down
Pathogen processed is effectively improved soil microflora, and then effectively prevention and control soil-borne disease, significantly improves crop yield and quality.
Fermentation accelerant can promote EM bacteria agent and composite ferment to the fermentation of organic matter, generate a large amount of beneficial activity factors, significantly carry
High fertilizer efficiency.
3. preparation method is simple by the present invention, it is suitble to large-scale promotion application.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment below facilitates a better understanding of the present invention, but does not limit the present invention.Experiment in following embodiments
Method is unless otherwise specified conventional method.
Every milliliter of 5-10 containing active bacteria hundred million in EM bacterium solutions used in the present invention；The water content of sheep manure and chicken manure used in the present invention
≤ 50%；Edible fungi residues used in the present invention are button mushroom dregs, moisture≤15%；
The present invention bafillus natto be it is commercially available, living bacteria count be 10-100 hundred million/gram.
Hansenula anomala and azotobacter chroococcum used in the present invention is purchased from China General Microbiological culture presevation management
The heart (address：Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3 Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica), deposit number is respectively：
CGMCC No.3435 and CGMCC No.12402.
Embodiment 1
A kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer, is made from the raw material by following parts by weight：130 parts of sheep manure, chicken
70 parts of excrement, 55 parts of edible fungi residues, 75 parts of maize straw, 2 parts of EM bacteria agent, 2 parts of fermentation accelerant, 1 part of composite ferment；
The fermentation accelerant is by cross-linked chitosan and acrylate according to 1：Made from 3 weight ratio；
The composite ferment is by azotobacter chroococcum, bafillus natto and Hansenula anomala according to 1：2：1 weight
Made from amount ratio.
Described, cross-linked chitosan is made from following methods：
1) chitosan is added into the aqueous acetic acid of volume fraction 1.4%, stirring and dissolving adjusts pH to 5, obtains chitosan
Material liquid；
2) Tween 80 is added in chitosan material liquid, stirs 25min, ferric sulfate is added while stirring, continues to stir
10min stands 30min after the completion of stirring, obtains emulsion；
3) the tripolyphosphate sodium water solution of volume fraction 1.8% is added in emulsion, stirs 8min, 70 DEG C of vacuum drying
It is less than 5wt% to moisture, obtains cross-linked chitosan.
Described, the addition quality of chitosan is calculated as 0.04g/mL with the volume of aqueous acetic acid.
Described, the addition of Tween 80 is the 4% of chitosan material liquid weight；The addition of the ferric sulfate is poly- for shell
The 5% of glycogen feed liquid weight.
Described, the volume ratio of tripolyphosphate sodium water solution and emulsion is 1：10.
A kind of preparation method of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer, is made from following steps：
1) corn stalk powder is broken to length≤5cm, is uniformly mixed, obtains crushing straw；
2) crushing straw is irrigated with aqueous solution of urea, is tiled, tiling thickness is 45cm；Then edible fungi residues are uniformly spilt
It above, places 3 days, mixes sheep manure and chicken manure, be uniformly mixed, obtain material；
3) EM bacteria agent is added into water, be sufficiently stirred, obtain EM bacterium solutions；EM bacterium solutions are uniformly sprayed to material, is uniformly mixed, piles
Long pile waters in pile, and moisture control is 45% ± 3%；When heap temperature is increased to 50 DEG C, first time turning is carried out；
When heap temperature rises to 60 DEG C, second of turning is carried out；Continue fermentation 11 days, overall process fermentation temperature must not be higher than 70 DEG C, moisture content
Control obtains just fermentation material 45% ± 3%；
4) fermentation accelerant, composite ferment and water are uniformly mixed, obtain zymotic fluid；Zymotic fluid is uniformly sprayed to initial
In ferment material, the turning when spilling continues fermentation 9 days, and overall process fermentation temperature must not be higher than 70 DEG C, moisture control 55% ±
3%, obtain prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer.
Described, a concentration of the 4% of aqueous solution of urea.
Described, the weight ratio of EM bacteria agent and water is 1：75.
Described, the weight ratio of composite ferment and water is 1：35.
Described, long pile is trapezoidal pile, high 1.0 meters of heap or more, wide 1.5 meters of bottom edge heap or more；Winter environment temperature
When less than 10 DEG C, a height of 1.5 meters of trapezoidal pile heap, bottom edge heap width is 2 meters.
Embodiment 2
A kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer, is made from the raw material by following parts by weight：100 parts of sheep manure, chicken
80 parts of excrement, 60 parts of edible fungi residues, 80 parts of maize straw, 1 part of EM bacteria agent, 2 parts of fermentation accelerant, 1 part of composite ferment；
The fermentation accelerant is by cross-linked chitosan and acrylate according to 1：Made from 4 weight ratio；
The composite ferment is by azotobacter chroococcum, bafillus natto and Hansenula anomala according to 1：3：0.5
Made from weight ratio.
Described, cross-linked chitosan is made from following methods：
1) chitosan is added into the aqueous acetic acid of volume fraction 1.8%, stirring and dissolving adjusts pH to 5, obtains chitosan
Material liquid；
2) Tween 80 is added in chitosan material liquid, stirs 30min, ferric sulfate is added while stirring, continues to stir
10min stands 20min after the completion of stirring, obtains emulsion；
3) the tripolyphosphate sodium water solution of volume fraction 2% is added in emulsion, stirs 5min, 70 DEG C are dried under vacuum to
Moisture is less than 5wt%, obtains cross-linked chitosan.
Described, the addition quality of chitosan is calculated as 0.04g/mL with the volume of aqueous acetic acid.
Described, the addition of Tween 80 is the 5% of chitosan material liquid weight；The addition of the ferric sulfate is poly- for shell
The 4.5% of glycogen feed liquid weight.
Described, the volume ratio of tripolyphosphate sodium water solution and emulsion is 1.5：10.
A kind of preparation method of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer, is made from following steps：
1) corn stalk powder is broken to length≤5cm, is uniformly mixed, obtains crushing straw；
2) crushing straw is irrigated with aqueous solution of urea, is tiled, tiling thickness is 40cm；Then edible fungi residues are uniformly spilt
It above, places 2 days, mixes sheep manure and chicken manure, be uniformly mixed, obtain material；
3) EM bacteria agent is added into water, be sufficiently stirred, obtain EM bacterium solutions；EM bacterium solutions are uniformly sprayed to material, is uniformly mixed, piles
Long pile waters in pile, and moisture control is 45% ± 3%；When heap temperature is increased to 50 DEG C, first time turning is carried out；
When heap temperature rises to 60 DEG C, second of turning is carried out；Continue fermentation 13 days, overall process fermentation temperature must not be higher than 70 DEG C, moisture content
Control obtains just fermentation material 45% ± 3%；
4) fermentation accelerant, composite ferment and water are uniformly mixed, obtain zymotic fluid；Zymotic fluid is uniformly sprayed to initial
In ferment material, the turning when spilling continues fermentation 8 days, and overall process fermentation temperature must not be higher than 70 DEG C, moisture control 55% ±
3%, obtain prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer.
Described, a concentration of the 5% of aqueous solution of urea.
Described, the weight ratio of EM bacteria agent and water is 1：70.
Described, the weight ratio of composite ferment and water is 1：40.
Described, long pile is trapezoidal pile, high 1.0 meters of heap or more, wide 1.5 meters of bottom edge heap or more；Winter environment temperature
When less than 10 DEG C, a height of 1.5 meters of trapezoidal pile heap, bottom edge heap width is 2 meters.
Embodiment 3
A kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer, is made from the raw material by following parts by weight：150 parts of sheep manure, chicken
60 parts of excrement, 50 parts of edible fungi residues, 70 parts of maize straw, 1 part of EM bacteria agent, 2 parts of fermentation accelerant, 1 part of composite ferment；
The fermentation accelerant is by cross-linked chitosan and acrylate according to 1：Made from 2 weight ratio；
The composite ferment is by azotobacter chroococcum, bafillus natto and Hansenula anomala according to 1：3：1.5
Made from weight ratio.
Described, cross-linked chitosan is made from following methods：
1) chitosan is added into the aqueous acetic acid of volume fraction 1%, stirring and dissolving adjusts pH to 5, obtains chitosan original
Feed liquid；
2) Tween 80 is added in chitosan material liquid, stirs 20min, ferric sulfate is added while stirring, continues to stir
10min stands 40min after the completion of stirring, obtains emulsion；
3) the tripolyphosphate sodium water solution of volume fraction 1.5% is added in emulsion, stirs 10min, 70 DEG C of vacuum are dry
It is dry to be less than 5wt% to moisture, obtain cross-linked chitosan.
Described, the addition quality of chitosan is calculated as 0.04g/mL with the volume of aqueous acetic acid.
Described, the addition of Tween 80 is the 3% of chitosan material liquid weight；The addition of the ferric sulfate is poly- for shell
The 5.5% of glycogen feed liquid weight.
Described, the volume ratio of tripolyphosphate sodium water solution and emulsion is 0.5：10.
A kind of preparation method of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer, is made from following steps：
1) corn stalk powder is broken to length≤5cm, is uniformly mixed, obtains crushing straw；
2) crushing straw is irrigated with aqueous solution of urea, is tiled, tiling thickness is 50cm；Then edible fungi residues are uniformly spilt
It above, places 4 days, mixes sheep manure and chicken manure, be uniformly mixed, obtain material；
3) EM bacteria agent is added into water, be sufficiently stirred, obtain EM bacterium solutions；EM bacterium solutions are uniformly sprayed to material, is uniformly mixed, piles
Long pile waters in pile, and moisture control is 45% ± 3%；When heap temperature is increased to 50 DEG C, first time turning is carried out；
When heap temperature rises to 60 DEG C, second of turning is carried out；Continue fermentation 9 days, overall process fermentation temperature must not be higher than 70 DEG C, moisture content control
System obtains just fermentation material 45% ± 3%；
4) fermentation accelerant, composite ferment and water are uniformly mixed, obtain zymotic fluid；Zymotic fluid is uniformly sprayed to initial
In ferment material, the turning when spilling continues fermentation 10 days, and overall process fermentation temperature must not be higher than 70 DEG C, moisture control 55% ±
3%, obtain prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer.
Described, a concentration of the 2% of aqueous solution of urea.
Described, the weight ratio of EM bacteria agent and water is 1：80.
Described, the weight ratio of composite ferment and water is 1：30.
Described, long pile is trapezoidal pile, high 1.0 meters of heap or more, wide 1.5 meters of bottom edge heap or more；Winter environment temperature
When less than 10 DEG C, a height of 1.5 meters of trapezoidal pile heap, bottom edge heap width is 2 meters.
Comparative example 1
A kind of biological organic fertilizer is made from the raw material by following parts by weight：130 parts of sheep manure, 70 parts of chicken manure, edible fungi residues
55 parts, 75 parts of maize straw, 2 parts of EM bacteria agent, 2 parts of fermentation accelerant, 1 part of composite ferment；
A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer, is made from following steps：
1) corn stalk powder is broken to length≤5cm, is uniformly mixed, obtains crushing straw；
2) crushing straw is irrigated with aqueous solution of urea, is tiled, tiling thickness is 45cm；Then edible fungi residues are uniformly spilt
It above, places 3 days, mixes sheep manure and chicken manure, be uniformly mixed, obtain material；
3) EM bacteria agent, fermentation accelerant, composite ferment are added into water, are sufficiently stirred, obtain bacterium solution；EM bacterium solutions are uniformly sprayed
To material, it is uniformly mixed, piles long pile, water in pile, moisture control is 45% ± 3%；Wait for that heap temperature is increased to 50
DEG C when, carry out first time turning；When heap temperature rises to 60 DEG C, second of turning is carried out；Continue fermentation 11 days, overall process fermentation temperature
70 DEG C must not be higher than, moisture control is 45% ± 3%；Turning, continues fermentation 9 days, and overall process fermentation temperature must not be higher than 70
DEG C, moisture control obtains biological organic fertilizer 55% ± 3%.
Described, the weight ratio of EM bacteria agent and water is 1：110.
Remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of biological organic fertilizer is made from the raw material by following parts by weight：130 parts of sheep manure, 70 parts of chicken manure, edible fungi residues
55 parts, 75 parts of maize straw, 2 parts of EM bacteria agent, 1 part of composite ferment；
Remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
A kind of biological organic fertilizer is made from the raw material by following parts by weight：130 parts of sheep manure, 70 parts of chicken manure, edible fungi residues
55 parts, 75 parts of maize straw, 2 parts of EM bacteria agent, 2 parts of fermentation accelerant；
Remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
Cotton test effect
For field experiment in 2016, we, which choose, was located at a piece of cotton planting field in Suiping County of Henan Province Yushan town, soil
Basic physical and chemical：PH5.3, organic matter 26.9g/kg, full nitrogen 1.6g/kg, full phosphorus 0.75g/kg, full potassium 16.7g/kg.
Select that 7 pieces of soil properties are consistent, fertility is uniformly medium, and cotton wilt and verticillium wilt are fallen ill heavier cotton field,
It is grouped into experimental plot 1-6 and control field, wherein experimental plot 1-3 applies biological organic fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1-3,150kg/ respectively
Mu, experimental plot 1-3 apply biological organic fertilizer prepared by comparative example 1-3 respectively, and 150kg/ mus, soil, 150kg/ are applied in control field
Mu.
Each experimental plot uses ten point samplings, and 100 plants are sampled per experimental plot, is adjusted to cotton wilt and verticillium wilt
It looks into, records and count incidence and control rate, the results are shown in Table 1.
The computational methods of incidence and control rate are as follows：
Incidence (%)=morbidity strain number/investigation total strain number × 100；
Control rate (%)=(control field incidence-experimental plot incidence)/control field incidence × 100.
After the harvest of cotton field, cottonseed yield is recorded, and calculate rate of growth, computational methods are as follows：
Rate of growth (%)=(experimental plot seed cotton yield-control field seed cotton yield)/control field seed cotton yield × 100.
1 cotton test result of table
Tobacco test effect
In 2016, we chose positioned at a piece of plantation field of tobacco in Chinese scholartree township of Suiping County of Henan Province field experiment.Selection 7
Block soil property is consistent, fertility is uniformly medium, and tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt are fallen ill heavier vega, and experimental plot 1- is grouped into
6 and control field.Wherein experimental plot 1-3 applies biological organic fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1-3 respectively, and 130kg/ mus, experimental plot 1-3 divides
Not Shi Yong the biological organic fertilizer for preparing of comparative example 1-3,130kg/ mu, control field is using soil, 130kg/ mus.
Each experimental plot uses ten point samplings, and 100 plants are sampled per experimental plot, is adjusted to tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt
It looks into, records and count incidence and control rate, the results are shown in Table 2.
The computational methods of incidence and control rate are as follows：
Incidence (%)=morbidity strain number/investigation total strain number × 100；
Control rate (%)=(control field incidence-experimental plot incidence)/control field incidence × 100.
After tobacco leaf harvest, yield of tobacco is recorded, and calculate rate of growth, computational methods are as follows：
Rate of growth (%)=(experimental plot yield of tobacco-control field yield of tobacco)/control field yield of tobacco × 100.
2 tobacco test result of table
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that be made from the raw material by following parts by weight：Sheep manure
100-150 parts, 60-80 parts of chicken manure, 50-60 parts of edible fungi residues, 70-80 parts of maize straw, 1-2 parts of EM bacteria agent, fermentation accelerant 2
Part, 1 part of composite ferment；
The fermentation accelerant is by cross-linked chitosan and acrylate according to 1：Made from the weight ratio of 2-4；
The composite ferment is by azotobacter chroococcum, bafillus natto and Hansenula anomala according to 1：2-3：0.5-1.5
Weight ratio made from.
2. prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cross-linked chitosan be by
Made from following methods：
1) chitosan is added into the aqueous acetic acid of volume fraction 1-1.8%, stirring and dissolving adjusts pH to 5, obtains chitosan original
Feed liquid；
2) Tween 80 is added in chitosan material liquid, stirs 20-30min, ferric sulfate is added while stirring, continues to stir
10min stands 20-40min after the completion of stirring, obtains emulsion；
3) the tripolyphosphate sodium water solution of volume fraction 1.5-2% is added in emulsion, stirs 5-10min, 70 DEG C of vacuum are dry
It is dry to be less than 5wt% to moisture, obtain cross-linked chitosan.
3. prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the addition matter of the chitosan
Amount is calculated as 0.04g/mL with the volume of aqueous acetic acid.
4. prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the addition of the Tween 80
For the 3-5% of chitosan material liquid weight；The addition of the ferric sulfate is the 4.5-5.5% of chitosan material liquid weight.
5. prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the sodium tripolyphosphate is water-soluble
The volume ratio of liquid and emulsion is 0.5-1.5：10.
6. a kind of preparation method of any one of claim 1-5 prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizers, feature exist
In being made from following steps：
1) corn stalk powder is broken to length≤5cm, is uniformly mixed, obtains crushing straw；
2) crushing straw is irrigated with aqueous solution of urea, is tiled, tiling thickness is 40-50cm；Then edible fungi residues are uniformly spilt
It above, places 2-4 days, mixes sheep manure and chicken manure, be uniformly mixed, obtain material；
3) EM bacteria agent is added into water, be sufficiently stirred, obtain EM bacterium solutions；EM bacterium solutions are uniformly sprayed to material, are uniformly mixed, heap strip
Pile waters in pile, and moisture control is 45% ± 3%；When heap temperature is increased to 50 DEG C, first time turning is carried out；Heap temperature
When rising to 60 DEG C, second of turning is carried out；Continue fermentation 9-13 days, overall process fermentation temperature must not be higher than 70 DEG C, moisture content control
System obtains just fermentation material 45% ± 3%；
4) fermentation accelerant, composite ferment and water are uniformly mixed, obtain zymotic fluid；Zymotic fluid is uniformly sprayed to just fermentation material
In, the turning when spilling continues fermentation 8-10 days, overall process fermentation temperature must not higher than 70 DEG C, moisture control 55% ±
3%, obtain prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer.
7. the preparation method of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the urea
A concentration of 2-5% of aqueous solution.
8. the preparation method of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the EM bacterium
The weight ratio of agent and water is 1：70-80.
9. the preparation method of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described compound
The weight ratio of leavening and water is 1：30-40.
10. the preparation method of prevention and control soil-borne disease type biological organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the length
Pile is trapezoidal pile, high 1.0 meters of heap or more, wide 1.5 meters of bottom edge heap or more；When winter environment temperature is less than 10 DEG C, trapezoidal pile
A height of 1.5 meters of heap, bottom edge heap width are 2 meters.
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