CN108237943A - 一种双输出端口充电电路及其控制方法 - Google Patents

一种双输出端口充电电路及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108237943A
CN108237943A CN201810042858.2A CN201810042858A CN108237943A CN 108237943 A CN108237943 A CN 108237943A CN 201810042858 A CN201810042858 A CN 201810042858A CN 108237943 A CN108237943 A CN 108237943A
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Prior art keywords
conversion circuit
moment
delay
loop
positive
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CN201810042858.2A
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CN108237943B (zh
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刘钧
冯颖盈
徐金柱
敖华
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Shenzhen Vmax Power Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Vmax Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810042858.2A priority Critical patent/CN108237943B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/083862 priority patent/WO2019140801A1/zh
Priority to KR1020187036707A priority patent/KR102049376B1/ko
Priority to JP2018566204A priority patent/JP6709861B2/ja
Priority to EP18812021.6A priority patent/EP3533669A4/en
Publication of CN108237943A publication Critical patent/CN108237943A/zh
Priority to US16/221,784 priority patent/US10804723B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33515—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with digital control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33561—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种双输出端口充电电路，包括原边转换电路、副边第一转换电路、副边第二转换电路、以及连接这三个电路的变压器；采样副边第二转换电路的输出电压和输出电流，经与基准值比较和补偿，最终实现控制原边转换电路中的开关通断时间；采样原边转换电路输出电流，经过零检测计算出过零延时，继而控制副边第二转换电路中整流开关通断时间；本发明还公开了所述充电电路的控制方法；与现有技术相比，本发明采用一颗DSP（数字信号处理器）即可灵活的控制两个直流输出端口的电压，调压精确，抗干扰能力强；同时具有结构简单、设置方便、体积小、成本低、重量轻的优点。

Description

一种双输出端口充电电路及其控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车充电技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有双输出端口的车载充电机电路及其控制方法。
背景技术
随着节能减排，以及控制大气污染的需求，新能源汽车逐渐在市场上得到推广运用，其中电动汽车更是新能源汽车的主力军。电动汽车的车载充电机是电动汽车中重要的组成部分，车载充电机一般具有两个输出端口，一个是给电池充电，二是车内用电设备供电。现有技术中对这两个端口的电压/电流是分开调控的，存在设置复杂、调控不便的缺陷。故此业内亟需开发一种仅用一颗DSP（数字信号处理器），即可方便的控制两端输出电压的充电电路及其控制方法。
发明内容
本发明是要解决现有技术的上述问题，提出一种双输出端口充电电路及其控制方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出的技术方案是设计一种双输出端口充电电路，包括原边转换电路、副边第一转换电路、副边第二转换电路、以及连接这三个电路的变压器；其中原边转换电路中具有第一组功率开关和第二两组功率开关，两组功率开关通断动作相反；副边第二转换电路具有第一整流开关和第二整流开关，两个整流开关通断动作相反，其还包括采集副边第一转换电路参数的副边第一电流采集器和副边第一电压采集器、采集副边第二转换电路参数的副边第二电流采集器和副边第二电压采集器、采集原边转换电路的输出电流的原边电流采集器，以及连接各采集器和各开关的控制器；所述控制器将采集到的副边第一转换电路输出电流和输出电压进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生正发波时刻和负发波时刻，正、负发波时刻分别用以控制第一组功率开关和第二两组功率开关的通断；所述控制器依据正发波时刻计算出一个正向过零延时和一个负向过零延时，将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时作为所述第一整流开关的开通时刻，将所述负发波时刻加上所述负向过零延时作为所述第二整流开关的开通时刻。
所述比较和补偿包括将副边第一转换电路输出电流同第一基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电压环预设值做取小运算、取其小值作为电压环基准值，将副边第一转换电路输出电压同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生所述的正发波时刻和负发波时刻。
所述副边第二转换电路还具有输出开关；所述控制器将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电压和副边第二转换电路输出电流进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值作为斩波延时时间，将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时再加上斩波延时时间作为所述输出开关的导通时间，所述输出开关与第一整流开关同时关断。
所述控制器将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电压同第二基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电流环预设值做取小运算、取其小值作为电流环基准值；将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电流同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值为斩波延时时间。
所述环路补偿采用2P2Z环路补偿。
所述控制器将采集到的原边转换电路的输出电流判断出原边转换电路的过零时刻，依据所述发波时刻到过零时刻计算出所述正向过零延时和负向过零延时。
所述控制器内存储对照图，将原边转换电路的输出功率分成多级、每一级绘制一条对照曲线，确定所述正发波时刻的工作频率，根据工作频率查出相应的正向过零延时和负向过零延时。
一种双输出端口充电电路的控制方法，采集副边第一转换电路输出电流和输出电压进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生正发波时刻和负发波时刻，正、负发波时刻分别用以控制原边转换电路中第一和第二两组功率开关的通断，所述第一组功率开关和第二两组功率开关通断动作相反；依据正发波时刻计算出一个正向过零延时和一个负向过零延时，将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时作为副边第二转换电路的第一整流开关的开通时刻，将所述负发波时刻加上所述负向过零延时作为副边第二转换电路的第二整流开关的开通时刻，所述第一整流开关和第二整流开关通断动作相反。
所述比较和补偿包括将副边第一转换电路输出电流同第一基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电压环预设值做取小运算、取其小值作为电压环基准值；将副边第一转换电路输出电压同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生所述的正发波时刻和负发波时刻。
采集副边第二转换电路输出电压和副边第二转换电路输出电流进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值作为斩波延时时间，将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时再加上斩波延时时间作为所述输出开关的导通时间，所述输出开关与第一整流开关同时关断。
采集副边第二转换电路输出电压同第二基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电流环预设值做取小运算、取其小值作为电流环基准值；将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电流同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值为斩波延时时间。
所述环路补偿采用2P2Z环路补偿。
采集原边转换电路的输出电流判断出原边转换电路的过零时刻，依据所述发波时刻到过零时刻计算出所述正向过零延时和负向过零延时。
绘制存储对照图，将原边转换电路的输出功率分成多级、每一级绘制一条对照曲线，确定所述正发波时刻的工作频率，根据工作频率查出相应的正向过零延时和负向过零延时。
与现有技术相比，本发明采用一颗DSP（数字信号处理器）即可灵活的控制两个直流输出端口的电压，调压精确，抗干扰能力强；同时具有结构简单、设置方便、体积小、成本低、重量轻的优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明较佳实施例的硬件电路图；
图2为本发明较佳实施例的电路原理图；
图3为本发明较佳实施例的发波时序图；
图4为本发明较佳实施例的仿真后的波形图；
图5为本发明较佳实施例的过零延时对照图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明作进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明公开了一种双输出端口充电电路，参看图1示出的硬件电路图，其包括原边转换电路、副边第一转换电路、副边第二转换电路、以及连接这三个电路的变压器T1。本充电电路可作为车载充电机，原边转换电路连接前级PFC转换电路，副边第一转换电路向车载电池充电，副边第二转换电路向车内其他电器供电。其中原边转换电路中具有第一组功率开关Q1、Q4和第二两组功率开关Q2、Q3，两组功率开关通断动作相反；副边第二转换电路具有第一整流开关Q10和第二整流开关Q9，两个整流开关通断动作相反，其还包括采集副边第一转换电路输出电流和输出电压的副边第一电流采集器和副边第一电压采集器、采集副边第二转换电路输出电流和输出电压的副边第二电流采集器和副边第二电压采集器、采集原边转换电路的输出电流的原边电流采集器，以及连接各采集器和各开关的控制器。图1中，Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8为副边第一转换电路中的开关管，C1、L1为原边转换电路中的谐振电容、谐振电感，C2为副边第一转换电路中的滤波电容，L2、C3为副边第二转换电路中的电感和电容，C4为副边第一转换电路中的谐振电容，T1为变压器，其中W1为原边转换电路侧绕组、W2为副边第一转换电路侧绕组、W3和W4为副边第二转换电路侧绕组，图1中L1可为T1的漏感。Vin为原边转换电路的电压采样。
参看图2示出的较佳实施例的电路原理图，所述控制器将采集到的副边第一转换电路输出电流Io1和输出电压Vo1进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生正发波时刻和负发波时刻，正、负发波时刻分别用以控制第一组功率开关Q1、Q4和第二两组功率开关Q2、Q3的通断；正发波时刻用以控制第一组功率开关Q1、Q4导通时刻，负发波时刻用以控制第二两组功率开关Q2、Q3的导通时刻。参看图3示出的发波时序图，第一和第二两组功率开关的导通和截止动作相反。所述控制器依据正发波时刻计算出一个正向过零延时Ton_delay和一个负向过零延时Toff_delay，将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时作为所述第一整流开关Q10的开通时刻，将所述负发波时刻加上所述负向过零延时作为所述第二整流开关Q9的开通时刻。参看图3示出的发波时序图，第一和第二整流开关导通和截止动作相反。
在较佳实施例中，所述比较和补偿包括将副边第一转换电路输出电流Io1同第一基准Iref1值进行差值运算（用Iref1减Io1），对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电压环预设值Vset1做取小运算，用补偿值和电压环预设值中较小者作为电压环基准值Vref1。将副边第一转换电路输出电压Vo1同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算（用Vref1-Vo1），得出两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生所述的正发波时刻和负发波时刻。
在较佳实施例中，所述副边第二转换电路还具有输出开关Q11；所述控制器将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电压（Vo2）和副边第二转换电路输出电流Io2进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值作为斩波延时时间T（PI），将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时再加上斩波延时时间作为所述输出开关Q11的导通时间，所述输出开关与第一整流开关Q10同时关断。
在较佳实施例中，所述控制器将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电压Vo2同第二基准值Vref2进行差值运算（用Vref2-Vo2），得出两者的差值后对差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电流环预设值Iset2做取小运算、用补偿值和电流环预设值中较小者作为电流环基准值Iref2；将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电流Io2同所述电压环基准值Iref2进行差值运算（用Iref2-Io2），得出两者的差值后对差值进行环路补偿得出斩波延时时间T（PI）。
在较佳实施例中，所述环路补偿采用2P2Z环路补偿。
在不同的事实例中获取过零延时有两种方法，一是、所述控制器将采集到的原边转换电路的输出电流Is判断出原边转换电路的过零时刻，依据所述发波时刻到过零时刻计算出所述正向过零延时Ton_delay和负向过零延时Toff_delay。二是、所述控制器内存储对照图（参看图5），将原边转换电路的输出功率分成多级、每一级绘制一条对照曲线，确定所述正发波时刻的工作频率，根据工作频率查出相应的正向过零延时Ton_delay和负向过零延时Toff_delay。
上述控制的目标为：控制副边第一转换电路侧的电压/电流，和控制副边第二转换电路侧的电压/电流。两个控制对象的调节，分别通过改变Q1~Q4的通断频率和斩波延时时间T（PI）来实现。其中，Q9和Q10为副边第二转换电路侧的同步整流。而斩波延时时间T（PI）需要与Q9和Q10的发波时序上进行关联，斩波延时时间要落在Q10导通的时间段内，而Q9和Q10的发波时序又与Q1~Q4的发波时序进行关联，Q10导通截止时间要比第一组功率开关（Q1、Q4）导通截止时间晚上一个正向过零延时。上述控制由一颗DSP（数字信号处理器）完成控制。
参看图4示出的仿真后的波形图，其中t0为Q2，Q3开通时刻；t1为Q11的关断时刻，同时代表原边转换电路腔体中电流负向过零时刻；t2为Q11的开通时刻。图中可见，原边转换电路腔体中电流为连续的电流波形；副边第一转换电路腔体中电流会随着Q11的导通和关断，产生变化；副边第二转换电路腔体中电流会随着Q11的导通而上升，随着Q11的关断而下降，处于续流状态。Q11的占空比决定了副边第二转换电路的输出电压/电流。Q1~Q4的发波频率和Q11的占空比共同决定了副边第一转换电路的输出电压/电流。
本发明公开了一种双输出端口充电电路的控制方法：采集副边第一转换电路输出电流Io1和输出电压Vo1进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生正发波时刻和负发波时刻，正、负发波时刻分别用以控制原边转换电路中第一和第二两组功率开关的通断，所述第一组功率开关Q1、Q4和第二两组功率开关Q2、Q3通断动作相反；依据正发波时刻计算出一个正向过零延时Ton_delay和一个负向过零延时Toff_delay，将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时作为副边第二转换电路的第一整流开关Q10的开通时刻，将所述负发波时刻加上所述负向过零延时作为副边第二转换电路的第二整流开关Q9的开通时刻，所述第一整流开关和第二整流开关通断动作相反。
在较佳实施例中，所述比较和补偿包括将副边第一转换电路输出电流Io1同第一基准Iref1值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电压环预设值Vset1做取小运算、取其小值作为电压环基准值Vref1；将副边第一转换电路输出电压Vo1同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生所述的正发波时刻和负发波时刻。
在较佳实施例中，采集副边第二转换电路输出电压Vo2和副边第二转换电路输出电流Io2进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值作为斩波延时时间T（PI），将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时再加上斩波延时时间作为所述输出开关Q11的导通时间，所述输出开关与第一整流开关Q10同时关断。
在较佳实施例中，采集副边第二转换电路输出电压Vo2同第二基准值Vref2进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电流环预设值Iset2做取小运算、取其小值作为电流环基准值Iref2；将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电流Io2同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值为斩波延时时间T（PI）。
所述环路补偿采用2P2Z环路补偿。
在不同的事实例中获取过零延时有两种方法，一是、所述控制器将采集到的原边转换电路的输出电流Is判断出原边转换电路的过零时刻，依据所述发波时刻到过零时刻计算出所述正向过零延时Ton_delay和负向过零延时Toff_delay。二是、所述控制器内存储对照图（参看图5），将原边转换电路的输出功率分成多级、每一级绘制一条对照曲线，确定所述正发波时刻的工作频率，根据工作频率查出相应的正向过零延时Ton_delay和负向过零延时Toff_delay。
控制方法的工作原理与充电电路的工作原理相同，在此不再赘述。
以上实施例仅为举例说明，非起限制作用。任何未脱离本申请精神与范畴，而对其进行的等效修改或变更，均应包含于本申请的权利要求范围之中。

Claims (14)

1.一种双输出端口充电电路，包括原边转换电路、副边第一转换电路、副边第二转换电路、以及连接这三个电路的变压器；其中原边转换电路中具有第一组功率开关（Q1、Q4）和第二两组功率开关（Q2、Q3），两组功率开关通断动作相反；副边第二转换电路具有第一整流开关（Q10）和第二整流开关（Q9），两个整流开关通断动作相反，其特征在于：还包括采集副边第一转换电路参数的副边第一电流采集器和副边第一电压采集器、采集副边第二转换电路参数的副边第二电流采集器和副边第二电压采集器、采集原边转换电路的输出电流的原边电流采集器，以及连接各采集器和各开关的控制器；
所述控制器将采集到的副边第一转换电路输出电流（Io1）和输出电压（Vo1）进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生正发波时刻和负发波时刻，正、负发波时刻分别用以控制第一组功率开关（Q1、Q4）和第二两组功率开关（Q2、Q3）的通断；
所述控制器依据正发波时刻计算出一个正向过零延时（Ton_delay）和一个负向过零延时（Toff_delay），将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时作为所述第一整流开关（Q10）的开通时刻，将所述负发波时刻加上所述负向过零延时作为所述第二整流开关（Q9）的开通时刻。
2.如权利要求1所述的双输出端口充电电路，其特征在于：所述比较和补偿包括将副边第一转换电路输出电流（Io1）同第一基准（Iref1）值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电压环预设值（Vset1）做取小运算、取其小值作为电压环基准值（Vref1），将副边第一转换电路输出电压（Vo1）同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生所述的正发波时刻和负发波时刻。
3.如权利要求1所述的双输出端口充电电路，其特征在于：所述副边第二转换电路还具有输出开关（Q11）；
所述控制器将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电压（Vo2）和副边第二转换电路输出电流（Io2）进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值作为斩波延时时间（T（PI）），将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时再加上斩波延时时间作为所述输出开关（Q11）的导通时间，所述输出开关与第一整流开关（Q10）同时关断。
4.如权利要求3所述的双输出端口充电电路，其特征在于：所述控制器将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电压（Vo2）同第二基准值（Vref2）进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电流环预设值（Iset2）做取小运算、取其小值作为电流环基准值（Iref2）；将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电流（Io2）同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值为斩波延时时间（T（PI））。
5.如权利要求2或4任一项所述的双输出端口充电电路，其特征在于：所述环路补偿采用2P2Z环路补偿。
6.如权利要求1所述的双输出端口充电电路，其特征在于：所述控制器将采集到的原边转换电路的输出电流（Is）判断出原边转换电路的过零时刻，依据所述发波时刻到过零时刻计算出所述正向过零延时（Ton_delay）和负向过零延时（Toff_delay）。
7.如权利要求1所述的双输出端口充电电路，其特征在于：所述控制器内存储对照图，将原边转换电路的输出功率分成多级、每一级绘制一条对照曲线，确定所述正发波时刻的工作频率，根据工作频率查出相应的正向过零延时（Ton_delay）和负向过零延时（Toff_delay）。
8.一种双输出端口充电电路的控制方法，其特征在于：
采集副边第一转换电路输出电流（Io1）和输出电压（Vo1）进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生正发波时刻和负发波时刻，正、负发波时刻分别用以控制原边转换电路中第一和第二两组功率开关的通断，所述第一组功率开关（Q1、Q4）和第二两组功率开关（Q2、Q3）通断动作相反；
依据正发波时刻计算出一个正向过零延时（Ton_delay）和一个负向过零延时（Toff_delay），将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时作为副边第二转换电路的第一整流开关（Q10）的开通时刻，将所述负发波时刻加上所述负向过零延时作为副边第二转换电路的第二整流开关（Q9）的开通时刻，所述第一整流开关和第二整流开关通断动作相反。
9.如权利要求8所述的双输出端口充电电路的控制方法，其特征在于：所述比较和补偿包括将副边第一转换电路输出电流（Io1）同第一基准（Iref1）值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电压环预设值（Vset1）做取小运算、取其小值作为电压环基准值（Vref1）；将副边第一转换电路输出电压（Vo1）同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值进行发波配置，产生所述的正发波时刻和负发波时刻。
10.如权利要求8所述的双输出端口充电电路的控制方法，其特征在于：采集副边第二转换电路输出电压（Vo2）和副边第二转换电路输出电流（Io2）进行比较和补偿，用所得补偿值作为斩波延时时间（T（PI）），将所述正发波时刻加上所述正向过零延时再加上斩波延时时间作为所述输出开关（Q11）的导通时间，所述输出开关与第一整流开关（Q10）同时关断。
11.如权利要求10所述的双输出端口充电电路的控制方法，其特征在于：采集副边第二转换电路输出电压（Vo2）同第二基准值（Vref2）进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，将所得补偿值与预先设定的电流环预设值（Iset2）做取小运算、取其小值作为电流环基准值（Iref2）；将采集到的副边第二转换电路输出电流（Io2）同所述电压环基准值进行差值运算，对两者的差值进行环路补偿，用所得补偿值为斩波延时时间（T（PI））。
12.如权利要求9或11任一项所述的双输出端口充电电路的控制方法，其特征在于：所述环路补偿采用2P2Z环路补偿。
13.如权利要求8所述的双输出端口充电电路的控制方法，其特征在于：采集原边转换电路的输出电流（Is）判断出原边转换电路的过零时刻，依据所述发波时刻到过零时刻计算出所述正向过零延时（Ton_delay）和负向过零延时（Toff_delay）。
14.如权利要求8所述的双输出端口充电电路的控制方法，其特征在于：绘制存储对照图，将原边转换电路的输出功率分成多级、每一级绘制一条对照曲线，确定所述正发波时刻的工作频率，根据工作频率查出相应的正向过零延时（Ton_delay）和负向过零延时（Toff_delay）。
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