CN108223770B - 润滑剂施加器 - Google Patents

润滑剂施加器 Download PDF

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CN108223770B
CN108223770B CN201711103860.8A CN201711103860A CN108223770B CN 108223770 B CN108223770 B CN 108223770B CN 201711103860 A CN201711103860 A CN 201711103860A CN 108223770 B CN108223770 B CN 108223770B
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gear
lubricant
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CN108223770A (zh
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D.拜塞尔
J.克罗茨肯珀
T.莱布兰德
A.舍恩菲尔德
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SKF Lubrication Systems Germany GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
    • F16N7/14—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated the lubricant being conveyed from the reservoir by mechanical means
    • F16N7/16—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated the lubricant being conveyed from the reservoir by mechanical means the oil being carried up by a lifting device
    • F16N7/20—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated the lubricant being conveyed from the reservoir by mechanical means the oil being carried up by a lifting device with one or more members moving around the shaft to be lubricated
    • F16N7/22—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated the lubricant being conveyed from the reservoir by mechanical means the oil being carried up by a lifting device with one or more members moving around the shaft to be lubricated shaped as rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0427—Guidance of lubricant on rotary parts, e.g. using baffles for collecting lubricant by centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
    • F16H57/0431—Means for guiding lubricant directly onto a tooth surface or to foot areas of a gear, e.g. by holes or grooves in a tooth flank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N11/00—Arrangements for supplying grease from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated; Grease cups
    • F16N11/08—Arrangements for supplying grease from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated; Grease cups with mechanical drive, other than directly by springs or weights
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/98—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0401—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating using different fluids, e.g. a traction fluid for traction gearing and a lubricant for bearings or reduction gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N2210/00—Applications
    • F16N2210/02—Turbines
    • F16N2210/025—Wind Turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

提出了一种润滑剂施加器，该润滑剂施加器包括至少一个构造为线材形状的区域(8)。

Description

润滑剂施加器
技术领域
本发明涉及到润滑剂施加器。
背景技术
已知风力涡轮机具有多个转子叶片。转子叶片可围绕其纵向方向旋转，使得风力涡轮机可以从风中取出。以这种方式旋转转子叶片的驱动器被称为变桨驱动器(pitchdrive)。在旋转期间，齿轮的齿面(该齿轮的齿面被啮合)必须被连续地供给润滑剂，以防止长期使用中两个齿面之间的磨损增加。目前，使用横向附接到变桨驱动器的润滑小齿轮将润滑剂施加到变桨驱动器的相应齿面。为了能用润滑小齿轮将润滑剂施加给齿面，变桨驱动器或转子叶片在维护期间必须被旋转，直到啮合的齿面触及到润滑小齿轮。由于这些维护或保养周期，会产生不期望的停机时间，这是因为该系统必须从风中取出且因此不会产生电流。在风力涡轮机运行期间，使用润滑小齿轮直接润滑齿面目前是不可能的。
发明内容
本发明的目的具体是实现高效率。本发明的目的是通过一种包括至少一个区域的润滑剂施加器实现的，所述区域被构造为线材形状；所述区域包括至少一个部分区域，所述至少一个部分区域形成用于引导液体的通道；所述区域包括一个或多个另一部分区域，其中，在相对于润滑剂施加器的轴向方向上，润滑剂施加器的至少两个直接相邻的绕组彼此间隔开地设置。
所述区域包括线材和/或能以干涉配合方式制造。
所述润滑剂施加器包括塞子，所述塞子将通道的一端密封。
本发明提出了一种润滑剂施加器，其包括至少一个被构造为线材形状的区域。由此可以实现高效率。特别地是，它使得齿轮能够在运行期间被润滑，尤其使得润滑剂施加器能够达到两个齿之间的中间空间的基部，其中，另一个齿轮的齿可以啮合在中间空间中。
此外，提出了包括润滑剂施加器的齿轮润滑剂管线装置，其中，齿轮润滑剂管线装置包括至少一个附接单元，其使得齿轮润滑剂管线装置能够实现物理接合和/或磁性附接。
“齿轮润滑剂管线装置”应被具体理解为特别是指可附接到齿轮的一端侧和/或敞开式齿圈的一端侧的润滑剂管线装置，其中，润滑剂管线装置优选地在运行状态下连接到齿轮的所述端侧或敞开式齿圈的所述端侧。
附图说明
另外的优点来自以下附图的描述。在附图中示出了本发明的示例性实施例。附图、描述和权利要求包含许多特征组合。本领域技术人员还将有利地单一地考虑特征和更有意义的组合方式考虑特征。
图1示出了包括齿轮和齿轮润滑剂管线装置的组件的透视图，该装置包括本发明的润滑剂施加器，
图2示出了该组件的从上方观察的视图，
图3示出了沿齿轮的径向方向穿过组件的截面图，
图4示出了齿轮润滑剂管线装置的透视图，其中，齿轮润滑剂管线装置的下侧是可见的，以及
图5示出了齿轮润滑剂管线装置的安装件3和润滑剂施加器。
具体实施方式
图1示出了包括齿轮2和本发明的齿轮润滑剂管线装置22的组件的透视图，该装置包括根据本发明的润滑剂施加器14。润滑剂施加器14包括由线材(wire)形成的区域8(图5)。区域8形成弹簧并且包括部分区域16，该部分区域16被配置为线状并且形成用于引导液体的通道。在该部分区域16中，线材被螺旋缠绕，其中各自相邻的绕组彼此邻接。润滑剂施加器14通过第一端插入到齿轮润滑剂管线装置22的安装件3中。区域8包括也被形成为通道的另一部分区域28。润滑剂施加器14的第二端包括塞子9，使用塞子来密封该区域8的部分区域28。在替代实施例中，润滑剂施加器不包括塞子9，从而部分区域28以及第二端部是未密封的。
此外，区域8的另一部分区域18设置在部分区域28和16之间，其中线材的两个绕组相对于润滑剂施加器14的轴向方向彼此间隔设置。在运行过程中通过部分区域16的通道进行的润滑剂可以从部分区域18内的绕组之间的通道中出现，并且特别地使得润滑剂也不会进入部分区域28的通道。
齿轮润滑剂管线装置22包括附接单元20，利用该附接单元20将齿轮润滑剂管线装置22以材料连结(material-bonded)的方式并磁性地附接到齿轮2的一端侧(图4所示)。附接元件20包括接收区域11，在其中施加粘合剂，其将齿轮润滑剂线装置22固定地粘附到齿轮的所述端侧。此外，在齿轮润滑剂管线装置22的下侧设置有两个其它的接收区域，其中还施加接收区域粘合剂，其也使得齿轮润滑剂管线装置22固定粘附在齿轮的所述端侧。接收区域形成在齿轮润滑剂线装置22的基体6上。基体6包括两个开放到接收区域11的通孔12。当齿轮润滑剂管线装置安装在齿轮的所述端侧时，齿轮润滑剂管线装置22最初通过四个永磁体10附接到所述端侧。随后经由通孔中的一个施加粘合剂，然后粘合剂流入接收区域11。被从接收区域11流入的粘合剂移置的空气通过另一个通孔12流入接收区域11外部的空间。接收区域11的表面区域26由金属制成，从而特别是表面区域26的金属通过粘合剂粘附到齿轮的所述端侧的金属表面。
如果组件安装在风力涡轮机中，则由齿轮引起风力涡轮机的转子叶片围绕转子叶片的纵向方向的旋转。这些旋转为大约1°至2°。为此，齿中间空间的润滑通常是足够的。
此外，齿轮润滑剂管线装置22包括在运行状态下连接润滑剂管线的端口件24(图1所示)。端口件24被相对于基体6可旋转地支撑，并且因此相对于齿轮2可旋转。这种支撑由两个球轴承实现。在运行过程中，软管30将通过端口件24已经流入的润滑剂送到安装件3。
安装件3保持润滑剂施加器14并且相对于基体6(图3所示)以可动方式支撑。为此，安装件3包括槽32，两个螺钉34通过该槽32突出，其将安装件固定地拧紧到基体6上。安装件3相对于基体6的直线运动现在通过松开螺钉34并手动地执行该运动并随后再次拧紧螺钉34来实现，使得安装件3再次固定地旋拧到基体上。因此，润滑剂施加器可以精确地定位在齿轮的齿中间空间的基部中。如果施加器仍然触及物体，特别是在运行过程中，这对于其功能是无损害的，因为施加器以大部分线材形成并因此是柔性的。通过润滑剂施加器的运行，润滑剂可以可靠地供给到限定了齿中间空间的齿面。
安装件3包括接收件36，润滑剂施加器被部分接收在其中。接收件36可从安装件移除并且可由适于附接不同类型的润滑剂施加器的另一接收件更换。因此，对于齿中间空间的任何几何构型，可以通过更换接收件将匹配的润滑剂施加器安装到接收件中并因此安装到安装件3中。
可以通过齿轮润滑剂管线装置使保养周期最小化或简化。风力涡轮机停工时间缩短。在现有风力发电机的改装中也可以进行简单的安装。
附图标记列表
2 齿轮
3 安装件
6 基体
8 区域
9 塞子
10 永磁体
11 接收区域
14润滑剂施加器
16 部分区域
18 部分区域
20 附接单元
22 齿轮润滑剂管线装置
24 端口件
26 表面区域
28 部分区域
30 软管
32 槽
34 螺丝
36 接收件

Claims (6)

1.一种包括至少一个区域(8)的润滑剂施加器，所述区域(8)被构造为线材形状；
所述区域包括至少一个部分区域(16)，所述至少一个部分区域形成用于引导液体的通道；
所述区域包括一个或多个另一部分区域(18)，其中，在相对于润滑剂施加器的轴向方向上，润滑剂施加器的至少两个直接相邻的绕组彼此间隔开地设置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的润滑剂施加器，其中，所述区域包括线材和/或能以干涉配合方式制造。
3.根据权利要求1所述的润滑剂施加器，其中，所述润滑剂施加器包括塞子(9)，所述塞子将通道的一端密封。
4.一种齿轮润滑剂管线装置，包括根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的润滑剂施加器，其中，所述齿轮润滑剂管线装置(22)包括至少一个附接单元(20)，所述至少一个附接单元(20)能实现齿轮润滑剂管线装置(22)的材料连结附接和/或磁性附接。
5.一种组件，其包括齿轮(2)，该齿轮是用于引起风力涡轮机的转子叶片围绕其纵向方向旋转的齿轮，和包括根据权利要求4所述的齿轮润滑剂管线装置，其中，所述齿轮润滑剂管线装置被附接到齿轮的一端侧。
6.一种风力涡轮机或敞开式齿轮传动装置，包括根据权利要求5所述的组件。
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