CN108208710A - 一种花生酱的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种花生酱的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108208710A CN108208710A CN201711279268.3A CN201711279268A CN108208710A CN 108208710 A CN108208710 A CN 108208710A CN 201711279268 A CN201711279268 A CN 201711279268A CN 108208710 A CN108208710 A CN 108208710A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- peanut
- oil
- peanut butter
- butter
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 235000021400 peanut butter Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 100
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000017803 cinnamon Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010958 polyglycerol polyricinoleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003996 polyglycerol polyricinoleate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000223760 Cinnamomum zeylanicum Species 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 9
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 241000723347 Cinnamomum Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001789 adipocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000522254 Cassia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003005 anti-senility effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013409 condiments Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001497 healthy food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008172 hydrogenated vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031891 intestinal absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037394 skin elasticity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011895 specific detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000010415 tropism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L25/00—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L25/10—Peanut butter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3472—Compounds of undetermined constitution obtained from animals or plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3562—Sugars; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于食品加工领域,具体涉及一种花生酱的制备方法。本发明通过低温脱脂和超微粉碎,使花生粉末和花生油分离,省去了传统的浸泡磨浆工序,水溶性蛋白保持较好花生蛋白基本不变性,性传统磨酱后温度过高,粘度大分装至塑料桶后,防止了直接领用造成操作人员烫伤情况,而且生产过程中基本无废渣,脱脂后的花生粉末加入少量花生油和氢化油,改善了食用时口感过腻,由于脂肪含量过高,导致底部沉淀现象严重的问题;本发明利用超高压处理使花生酱的质地更细腻,超高压作用使花生酱中蛋白解聚,蛋白质颗粒变小,同时压力的作用也使得蛋白质分子发生伸展,暴露了内部的‑SH基团并促进二硫键的形成或交换,使得结构变得较为致密,改善了花生酱的口味。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工领域,具体涉及一种花生酱的制备方法。
背景技术
花生酱是深受人们欢迎的风味食品。花生酱不仅营养价值高,还具有诱人的香味,花生酱以其细腻的口感,即可直接食用,也可涂抹中、西餐食品的佐料,也可用作烹调用的调味品,也可用于制造糕点小食品的馅料,市场需求量大,在国内外很受消费者欢迎。花生酱富含各种人体所需的各种蛋白质,氨基酸和维生素E等营养成份,在代谢中具有抗氧化作用;可以改善皮肤弹性,减少色素颗粒;能抑制脂质在小肠内吸收,从而减少胆固醇的合成;防止动脉硬化;花生酱中还含丰富的锌,可促进青少年的成长发育,对中老年的抗老防衰也具有重要意,不容易患糖尿病;是老少皆宜的健康食品,而且吃得越多,效果越明显。
花生酱的一般制法是,将带皮果仁烘焙,使果仁分为两瓣,接着粗破碎,添加甜味剂、食盐及氢化植物油等成分,充分混合后细粉碎制成的全脂花生酱。磨碎过程中颗粒状的花生果肉变成粘稠的半液体状态。与此同时,脂肪细胞被破坏,释放出大量油脂,形成连续的油相,使微细的果肉颗粒分散到连续的油相中。成分:油脂含量55%以上、蛋白质含量22.9%以下、纤维素含量1%~2%。但是,存在的缺点是,食用时口感过腻,由于脂肪含量过高,导致底部沉淀现象严重、花生油漂在表面厚度达30mm之多。油脂上浮、非油脂部分则自然沉降形成坚硬固形物,这种油酱分离的固有倾向,导致离析出来的油脂因失去脂肪细胞膜的保护而很快被氧化以致酸败,从而使产品原有风味、涂抹性、感官质量、贮存期大为降低,降低了商品价值。此外现有的花生酱制作工艺存在如下缺点:(1)自然冷却时间长,3-5个小时温度冷却至40-50℃、占用地方较大且有的地方多层覆盖,冷却不到位从而产生哈喇味,影响花生自然香味。(2)磨酱后温度高达120℃,粘度大分装至塑料桶后,直接领用易造成操作人员烫伤情况;(3)磨好的酱时常会贮存时间较长,导致油脂分离出现沉淀现象;(4)生产使用过程中因粘度大黏在桶内不利于操作,造成的浪费较多,平均每1KG会浪费0.1-0.2KG,同时操作时劳动强度也较大。
因此,有必要重新发明一种花生酱的制备方法,以此来解决现如今存在的问题,适应于有关部门与社会的需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题:针对目前花生酱口感过腻,脂肪含量过高,底部沉淀现象严重,磨酱后温度高达120℃,粘度大分装至塑料桶后,领用易造成操作人员烫伤的问题,提供一种花生酱的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下所述的技术方案是:
一种花生酱的制备方法,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将壳聚糖溶于乙酸水溶液中,70~80℃水浴中搅拌,冷却至室温,再加入肉桂精油和吐温-80,搅拌,静置,得混合溶液,将混合溶液倒入至模具中,干燥,取烘干后的膜,用氢氧化钾溶液浸膜,用去离子水冲洗至中性,干燥,得干燥可食用膜,备用;
(2)将预处理的花生仁置于滤布中包好放入榨油机榨油,取出滤布包和分离的油,即得脱脂花生仁和鲜榨花生油;
(3)将脱脂花生仁置于水循环冷却超微粉碎机中,粉碎,过筛,收集过筛颗粒,得粉碎花生粉末;
(4)按质量份数计,取花生仁粉末80~90份,蔗糖12~15份,食盐5~6份,水100~150份,搅拌至糊状,得调配好的花生粉糊体,按质量份数计,取鲜榨花生油20~30份,聚甘油蓖麻醇酯8~10份、单硬脂酸甘油酯12~15份,棕榈油10~15份,搅拌均匀,得调配好的花生油混合物,将调配好的花生粉糊体与调配好的花生油混合物混合均匀,于70~75℃恒温水浴搅拌,得花生酱基础物;
(5)将花生酱基础物放入高压容器内密封,将压力升高并保持,卸压,取出高压处理后的花生酱,包装时将步骤(1)备用的干燥可食用膜覆盖至花生酱表面,得花生酱。
所述步骤(1)中壳聚糖与乙酸水溶液质量比为1:8,再按质量比6:2:1加入肉桂精油和吐温-80。
所述步骤(1)中花生的预处理:择籽粒饱满,仁色乳白,气味正常的花生仁作为原料,150~160℃烘烤4~5 h,每30 min翻动一次,烤熟的花生仁用冷风机降温至45℃以下,将花生米的外皮红衣去除,并将花生仁掰至2瓣,得预处理的花生仁。
所述步骤(2)中脱脂榨油条件为保持压力为35~38MPa,温度为60~70℃,榨油2~3h。
所述步骤(3)中粉碎条件20~25℃恒温保持,粉碎3~4h,过200目筛。
所述步骤(4)中调配好的花生粉糊体与调配好的花生油混合物的质量比为3~5:2。
所述步骤(5)中高压处理条件:将压力升高至450~500MPa,保持1~2h。
本发明与其他方法相比,有益技术效果是:
(1)本发明利用壳聚糖和肉桂精油,倒入聚甲丙烯酸模具形成可食性保鲜膜覆盖于花生酱上部,通过阻止水分、气体和溶质等的迁移来防止食品在贮运过程中发生风味、质构等方面的变化,进而保证食品的质量,延长食品货架期,壳聚糖口1是通过β-1,4-糖苷键连接的α-氨基-D-葡胺糖形成的直链状多糖,是从甲壳素原料提取出来的可被生物降解的高分子成膜和抗菌材料,肉桂精油从肉桂中提取得到,具有独特的风味和香气,具有明显的抑菌作用,将两者复合,作为花生酱的保鲜材料,缓解了离析出来的油脂因失去脂肪细胞膜的保护而很快被氧化以致酸败;
(2)本发明通过低温脱脂和超微粉碎,使花生粉末和花生油分离,省去了传统的浸泡磨浆工序,水溶性蛋白保持较好花生蛋白基本不变性,性传统磨酱后温度过高,粘度大分装至塑料桶后,防止了直接领用造成操作人员烫伤情况,而且生产过程中基本无废渣,脱脂后的花生粉末加入少量花生油和氢化油,改善了食用时口感过腻,由于脂肪含量过高,导致底部沉淀现象严重的问题;
(3)本发明利用超高压处理使花生酱的质地更细腻,超高压作用使花生酱中蛋白解聚,蛋白质颗粒变小,同时压力的作用也使得蛋白质分子发生伸展,暴露了内部的-SH基团并促进二硫键的形成或交换,使得结构变得较为致密,改善了花生酱的口味。
具体实施方式
花生的预处理:择籽粒饱满,仁色乳白,气味正常的花生仁作为原料,150~160℃烘烤4~5 h,每30 min翻动一次,烤熟的花生仁用冷风机降温至45℃以下,将花生米的外皮红衣去除,并将花生仁掰至2瓣,得预处理的花生仁。
一种花生酱的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将壳聚糖按质量比1:8溶于乙酸水溶液中,置于70~80℃水浴中按1000r/min搅拌1~1.5h,冷却至室温,再按质量比6:2:1加入肉桂精油和吐温-80,搅拌5~10min,静置,得混合溶液,将混合溶液倒入聚甲基丙烯酸模具中,置于50~60℃干燥箱中干燥10~12h,取烘干后的膜用浓度为70g/L氢氧化钾溶液浸膜10~15min,用去离子水冲洗至中性,于35~40℃干燥30~60min,得干燥可食用膜,备用;
(2)将预处理的花生仁置于滤布中包好放入立式液压榨油机榨缸内,每包花生仁之间用钢板隔开,保持压力为35~38MPa,温度为60~70℃,榨油2~3h,取出滤布包和分离的油,即得脱脂花生仁和鲜榨花生油;
(3)将脱脂花生仁置于水循环冷却超微粉碎机中,20~25℃恒温保持,粉碎3~4h,过200目筛,收集过筛颗粒,得粉碎花生粉末;
(4)按质量份数计,取花生仁粉末80~90份,蔗糖12~15份,食盐5~6份,水100~150份,搅拌至糊状,得调配好的花生粉糊体,按质量份数计,取鲜榨花生油20~30份,聚甘油蓖麻醇酯8~10份、单硬脂酸甘油酯12~15份,棕榈油10~15份,搅拌均匀,得调配好的花生油混合物,将调配好的花生粉糊体与调配好的花生油混合物按质量比3~5:2混合均匀,于70~75℃恒温水浴搅拌30~35min,得花生酱基础物;
(5)将花生酱基础物放入高压容器内密封,将压力升高至450~500MPa,保持1~2h,打开控制高压油路的阀门解除压力,取出高压处理后的花生酱,包装时将步骤(1)备用的干燥可食用膜覆盖至花生酱表面,得花生酱。
实施例1
花生的预处理:择籽粒饱满,仁色乳白,气味正常的花生仁作为原料,150℃烘烤4 h,每30 min翻动一次,烤熟的花生仁用冷风机降温至45℃以下,将花生米的外皮红衣去除,并将花生仁掰至2瓣,得预处理的花生仁。
一种花生酱的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将壳聚糖按质量比1:8溶于乙酸水溶液中,置于70℃水浴中按1000r/min搅拌1h,冷却至室温,再按质量比6:2:1加入肉桂精油和吐温-80,搅拌5min,静置,得混合溶液,将混合溶液倒入聚甲基丙烯酸模具中,置于50℃干燥箱中干燥10h,取烘干后的膜用浓度为70g/L氢氧化钾溶液浸膜10min,用去离子水冲洗至中性,于35℃干燥30min,得干燥可食用膜,备用;
(2)将预处理的花生仁置于滤布中包好放入立式液压榨油机榨缸内,每包花生仁之间用钢板隔开,保持压力为35MPa,温度为60℃,榨油2h,取出滤布包和分离的油,即得脱脂花生仁和鲜榨花生油;
(3)将脱脂花生仁置于水循环冷却超微粉碎机中,20℃恒温保持,粉碎3h,过200目筛,收集过筛颗粒,得粉碎花生粉末;
(4)按质量份数计,取花生仁粉末80份,蔗糖12份,食盐5份,水100份,搅拌至糊状,得调配好的花生粉糊体,按质量份数计,取鲜榨花生油20份,聚甘油蓖麻醇酯8份、单硬脂酸甘油酯12份,棕榈油10份,搅拌均匀,得调配好的花生油混合物,将调配好的花生粉糊体与调配好的花生油混合物按质量比3:2混合均匀,于70℃恒温水浴搅拌30min,得花生酱基础物;
(5)将花生酱基础物放入高压容器内密封,将压力升高至450MPa,保持1h,打开控制高压油路的阀门解除压力,取出高压处理后的花生酱,包装时将步骤(1)备用的干燥可食用膜覆盖至花生酱表面,得花生酱。
实施例2
花生的预处理:择籽粒饱满,仁色乳白,气味正常的花生仁作为原料,155℃烘烤4h,每30 min翻动一次,烤熟的花生仁用冷风机降温至45℃以下,将花生米的外皮红衣去除,并将花生仁掰至2瓣,得预处理的花生仁。
一种花生酱的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将壳聚糖按质量比1:8溶于乙酸水溶液中,置于75℃水浴中按1000r/min搅拌1h,冷却至室温,再按质量比6:2:1加入肉桂精油和吐温-80,搅拌7min,静置,得混合溶液,将混合溶液倒入聚甲基丙烯酸模具中,置于55℃干燥箱中干燥11h,取烘干后的膜用浓度为70g/L氢氧化钾溶液浸膜11min,用去离子水冲洗至中性,于37℃干燥40min,得干燥可食用膜,备用;
(2)将预处理的花生仁置于滤布中包好放入立式液压榨油机榨缸内,每包花生仁之间用钢板隔开,保持压力为35MPa,温度为65℃,榨油2h,取出滤布包和分离的油,即得脱脂花生仁和鲜榨花生油;
(3)将脱脂花生仁置于水循环冷却超微粉碎机中,24℃恒温保持,粉碎3h,过200目筛,收集过筛颗粒,得粉碎花生粉末;
(4)按质量份数计,取花生仁粉末85份,蔗糖13份,食盐5份,水125份,搅拌至糊状,得调配好的花生粉糊体,按质量份数计,取鲜榨花生油25份,聚甘油蓖麻醇酯9份、单硬脂酸甘油酯13份,棕榈油13份,搅拌均匀,得调配好的花生油混合物,将调配好的花生粉糊体与调配好的花生油混合物按质量比4:2混合均匀,于73℃恒温水浴搅拌33min,得花生酱基础物;
(5)将花生酱基础物放入高压容器内密封,将压力升高至470MPa,保持1h,打开控制高压油路的阀门解除压力,取出高压处理后的花生酱,包装时将步骤(1)备用的干燥可食用膜覆盖至花生酱表面,得花生酱。
实施例3
花生的预处理:择籽粒饱满,仁色乳白,气味正常的花生仁作为原料,160℃烘烤5 h,每30 min翻动一次,烤熟的花生仁用冷风机降温至45℃以下,将花生米的外皮红衣去除,并将花生仁掰至2瓣,得预处理的花生仁。
一种花生酱的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将壳聚糖按质量比1:8溶于乙酸水溶液中,置于80℃水浴中按1000r/min搅拌1.5h,冷却至室温,再按质量比6:2:1加入肉桂精油和吐温-80,搅拌0min,静置,得混合溶液,将混合溶液倒入聚甲基丙烯酸模具中,置于60℃干燥箱中干燥12h,取烘干后的膜用浓度为70g/L氢氧化钾溶液浸膜15min,用去离子水冲洗至中性,于40℃干燥60min,得干燥可食用膜,备用;
(2)将预处理的花生仁置于滤布中包好放入立式液压榨油机榨缸内,每包花生仁之间用钢板隔开,保持压力为38MPa,温度为70℃,榨油3h,取出滤布包和分离的油,即得脱脂花生仁和鲜榨花生油;
(3)将脱脂花生仁置于水循环冷却超微粉碎机中,25℃恒温保持,粉碎4h,过200目筛,收集过筛颗粒,得粉碎花生粉末;
(4)按质量份数计,取花生仁粉末90份,蔗糖15份,食盐6份,水150份,搅拌至糊状,得调配好的花生粉糊体,按质量份数计,取鲜榨花生油30份,聚甘油蓖麻醇酯10份、单硬脂酸甘油酯15份,棕榈油15份,搅拌均匀,得调配好的花生油混合物,将调配好的花生粉糊体与调配好的花生油混合物按质量比5:2混合均匀,于75℃恒温水浴搅拌35min,得花生酱基础物;
(5)将花生酱基础物放入高压容器内密封,将压力升高至500MPa,保持2h,打开控制高压油路的阀门解除压力,取出高压处理后的花生酱,包装时将步骤(1)备用的干燥可食用膜覆盖至花生酱表面,得花生酱。
对比例:山东某食品有限公司生产的花生酱
方法:选取实例生产的和对比例的花生酱,调查人群为120位不同年龄阶段的消费人群,其中青少年(18岁以下)40人,成年人(18到60岁)40人,老年人(60岁以上)40人。评价项目从花生酱的状态,气味和口感三个方面进行评价。状态20%比重,气味30%比重,口感50%比重,以此来测定花生酱的综合得分。
口感不腻(85上)、可接受(75到85分)、不可接受(75分以下)。
花生酱口感综合测定如表1
表1
检测项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例 |
状态 | 85±1.22 | 90±2.00 | 95±2.31 | 80±1.18 |
气味 | 90±2.16 | 90±2.30 | 85±3.07 | 80±2.50 |
口感 | 95±2.45 | 90±3.31 | 85±1.31 | 80±3.31 |
综合得分 | 80 | 90 | 92 | 74 |
人群可接受程度 | 可接受 | 口感不腻 | 口感不腻 | 不可接受 |
根据NYT 958-2006标准检测实施例与对比例所制备的花生酱的脂肪含量和沉淀率。
花生酱具体检测情况如表2
表2
检测项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例 |
脂肪含量(%) | 59.23 | 55.27 | 40 | 63.5 |
沉淀率(%) | 27.88 | 21.22 | 17.25 | 39.26 |
由上可知,本发明所生产的花生酱状态,气味,口感各方面较好于市面上所生产的花生酱,在人群中的评价较高,值得推广和使用。
Claims (7)
1.一种花生酱的制备方法,其特征在于,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
将壳聚糖溶于乙酸水溶液中,70~80℃水浴中搅拌,冷却至室温,再加入肉桂精油和吐温-80,搅拌,静置,得混合溶液,将混合溶液倒入至模具中,干燥,取烘干后的膜,用氢氧化钾溶液浸膜,用去离子水冲洗至中性,干燥,得干燥可食用膜,备用;
将预处理的花生仁置于滤布中包好放入榨油机榨油,取出滤布包和分离的油,即得脱脂花生仁和鲜榨花生油;
将脱脂花生仁置于水循环冷却超微粉碎机中,粉碎,过筛,收集过筛颗粒,得粉碎花生粉末;
按质量份数计,取花生仁粉末80~90份,蔗糖12~15份,食盐5~6份,水100~150份,搅拌至糊状,得调配好的花生粉糊体,按质量份数计,取鲜榨花生油20~30份,聚甘油蓖麻醇酯8~10份、单硬脂酸甘油酯12~15份,棕榈油10~15份,搅拌均匀,得调配好的花生油混合物,将调配好的花生粉糊体与调配好的花生油混合物混合均匀,于70~75℃恒温水浴搅拌,得花生酱基础物;
(5)将花生酱基础物放入高压容器内密封,将压力升高并保持,卸压,取出高压处理后的花生酱,包装时将步骤(1)备用的干燥可食用膜覆盖至花生酱表面,得花生酱。
2.根据权利要求1所述的花生酱的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中壳聚糖与乙酸水溶液质量比为1:8,再按质量比6:2:1加入肉桂精油和吐温-80。
3.根据权利要求1所述的花生酱的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中花生的预处理:择籽粒饱满,仁色乳白,气味正常的花生仁作为原料,150~160℃烘烤4~5 h,每30 min翻动一次,烤熟的花生仁用冷风机降温至45℃以下,将花生米的外皮红衣去除,并将花生仁掰至2瓣,得预处理的花生仁。
4.根据权利要求1所述的花生酱的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中脱脂榨油条件为保持压力为35~38MPa,温度为60~70℃,榨油2~3h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的花生酱的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中粉碎条件20~25℃恒温保持,粉碎3~4h,过200目筛。
6.根据权利要求1所述的花生酱的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)中调配好的花生粉糊体与调配好的花生油混合物的质量比为3~5:2。
7.根据权利要求1所述的花生酱的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(5)中高压处理条件:将压力升高至450~500MPa,保持1~2h。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711279268.3A CN108208710A (zh) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | 一种花生酱的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711279268.3A CN108208710A (zh) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | 一种花生酱的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN108208710A true CN108208710A (zh) | 2018-06-29 |
Family
ID=62653298
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711279268.3A Withdrawn CN108208710A (zh) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | 一种花生酱的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN108208710A (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109222038A (zh) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-18 | 武汉轻工大学 | 一种低脂菊粉花生调味酱及其制备方法 |
CN112006268A (zh) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-01 | 大同花倾城田间农业发展有限公司 | 一种黄花牛肉酱及其制备方法 |
CN114098034A (zh) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-01 | 海南热带海洋学院 | 一种颗粒高油酸花生酱的研制方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5366754A (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1994-11-22 | Kraft General Foods, Inc. | Reduced fat peanut butter product and method of making |
US20020128526A1 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2002-09-12 | Rao Velliyur Nott Mallikarjuna | Production of 1,2-dihydro and 2,2-dihydro hexafluoropropanes and azeotropes thereof with HF |
CN101390632A (zh) * | 2008-11-06 | 2009-03-25 | 渤海大学 | 脱脂花生粉生产低脂肪花生酱的方法 |
CN102766281A (zh) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-11-07 | 上海应用技术学院 | 一种用于肉制品防腐保鲜的壳聚糖-混合精油薄膜及其制备方法和应用 |
CN105533602A (zh) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | 一种同步制备低温压榨花生油及半脱脂花生休闲食品的方法 |
CN106750580A (zh) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-31 | 福州大学 | 一种新型可食性抗菌食品包装膜及其制备方法 |
CN106835504A (zh) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-06-13 | 江苏大学 | 一种纳米纤维抗菌膜及其制备方法和用途 |
-
2017
- 2017-12-06 CN CN201711279268.3A patent/CN108208710A/zh not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5366754A (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1994-11-22 | Kraft General Foods, Inc. | Reduced fat peanut butter product and method of making |
US20020128526A1 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2002-09-12 | Rao Velliyur Nott Mallikarjuna | Production of 1,2-dihydro and 2,2-dihydro hexafluoropropanes and azeotropes thereof with HF |
CN101390632A (zh) * | 2008-11-06 | 2009-03-25 | 渤海大学 | 脱脂花生粉生产低脂肪花生酱的方法 |
CN102766281A (zh) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-11-07 | 上海应用技术学院 | 一种用于肉制品防腐保鲜的壳聚糖-混合精油薄膜及其制备方法和应用 |
CN105533602A (zh) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | 一种同步制备低温压榨花生油及半脱脂花生休闲食品的方法 |
CN106750580A (zh) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-31 | 福州大学 | 一种新型可食性抗菌食品包装膜及其制备方法 |
CN106835504A (zh) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-06-13 | 江苏大学 | 一种纳米纤维抗菌膜及其制备方法和用途 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
罗宁宁: "壳聚糖—肉桂精油可食性膜的制备、性能及应用研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》 * |
赵红霞等: "高压处理蛋黄酱动态粘弹特性的研究", 《农业机械学报》 * |
邵悦等: "低脂花生酱研制", 《农业机械》 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109222038A (zh) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-18 | 武汉轻工大学 | 一种低脂菊粉花生调味酱及其制备方法 |
CN112006268A (zh) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-01 | 大同花倾城田间农业发展有限公司 | 一种黄花牛肉酱及其制备方法 |
CN114098034A (zh) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-01 | 海南热带海洋学院 | 一种颗粒高油酸花生酱的研制方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE602005003248T2 (de) | Fermentiertes Tee und Verfahren zur Herstellung | |
CN104705369A (zh) | 一种含茶烘焙面食及其工艺 | |
CN108208710A (zh) | 一种花生酱的制备方法 | |
CN103283802B (zh) | 一种葡萄皮渣苹果复合超微粉营养蛋糕及其制作方法 | |
CN101147502B (zh) | 绿豆饼及其制作方法 | |
CN108095041A (zh) | 一种酱香辣椒酱及其制作方法 | |
CN104247741A (zh) | 一种火龙果酥及其制作方法 | |
CN103859247B (zh) | 一种枸杞果酱及其制备方法 | |
CN104856177B (zh) | 一种天麻原汁及其制备方法与天麻汁饮料 | |
KR101732934B1 (ko) | 대추 페이스트의 제조 방법 및 이를 이용한 식품 | |
KR100816636B1 (ko) | 다시마와 콩이 함유된 제과식품 제조방법 | |
KR20170076536A (ko) | 마늘빵 제조방법 | |
CN105746652A (zh) | 一种新型花香饼干产品 | |
CN109699713A (zh) | 一种多层馅心酥饼及其制备方法 | |
CN103918761A (zh) | 一种翠绿龙珠糕及其制作工艺 | |
CN107647348A (zh) | 木姜子香辣酱菜及其制备方法 | |
CN107691557A (zh) | 一种茶香味红薯饼干及其制备工艺 | |
CN107865026A (zh) | 一种脐橙饼及其制备方法 | |
KR20080068971A (ko) | 홍국쌀을 주성분으로한 건강식혜제조방법 | |
CN103583635A (zh) | 一种果蔬原汁vc饼 | |
TW200401612A (en) | Foodstuff with dry stuffing | |
KR20100037231A (ko) | 흑마늘을 이용한 조청과 엿 및 그 제조방법 | |
CN107027945A (zh) | 一种煮制糖液以及包含该糖液的保健果脯的制备方法 | |
CN107439768A (zh) | 一种无糖型桂花马蹄糕及其制作方法 | |
CN107535824A (zh) | 一种干式海带绿豆八宝粥及其方便包装技术 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20180629 |
|
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |