CN108138008A - 具有基底和粘合涂层的粘合结构体 - Google Patents
具有基底和粘合涂层的粘合结构体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及粘合结构体(6)，其包含基底(1)和施加于基底的粘合涂层(7)。将粘合涂层施加于基底，从而涂层的厚度(z)在至少一个方向(x、y)上变化。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及包含基底和施加于基底的粘合涂层的粘合结构体。
背景技术
这类粘合结构体从本领域的现状广泛公知。然而，存在改进这类粘合结构体的持续需要。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供改进的粘合结构体。
所述问题通过包含基底和施加于基底的粘合涂层的粘合结构体来实现，其中涂层的厚度在至少一个方向上变化。
关于该主题所做出的公开内容还适用于其他主题，反之亦然。
本发明涉及可永久地附着于另一结构体的粘合结构体。因此，粘合结构体包含作为应胶粘至其他结构体的部分的基底。基底至少部分地用粘合结构体涂覆。
施加于基底的表面的粘合涂层优选为热活化性粘合剂，并且粘合剂活化的温度将取决于粘合剂的性质、和活化的性质、以及活化何时发生。例如，可期望的是粘合剂粘附于基底的表面，但保持在所述粘合剂由随后的加热(例如通过热交联和/或热膨胀)保持可活化的温度。在其活化前，粘合剂粉末优选仅包含足以保持在基底上的粘合力的粘性。
为了形成首先优选以粉末形式存在、然后可以熔融从而形成膜层、随后活化从而固化的期望的粘合剂，粘合剂(例如，前驱体层)可包括环氧系材料(epoxy basedmaterial)。环氧类可为含有至少一个环氧官能团的任何二聚、低聚或多聚的环氧类材料。此外，术语环氧类可用于表示一种环氧类或者多种环氧类的组合。聚合物系材料可为通过开环反应可聚合的具有一个或多个环氧乙烷环的含环氧材料。前驱体层可包括高达80％以上的环氧类。前驱体层可包括2重量％和70重量％之间的环氧类、4重量％和30重量％之间的环氧类、或甚至7重量％和18重量％之间的环氧类。粘合剂可实质上没有环氧类材料(除了以环氧类/弹性体加成物的形式提供的任何环氧类以外)。环氧类可为脂肪族、环脂肪族、或芳族等。环氧类可作为固体(例如，作为粒料、块(chunk)、或片(piece)等)或液体提供。环氧类可包括可具有α-烯烃的乙烯共聚物或三元聚合物。优选地，将环氧类添加至前驱体层从而增加前驱体层的粘合性、流动性、或两者。环氧类可包括酚醛树脂，其可为线型酚醛清漆型(例如，环氧苯酚线型酚醛清漆(epoxy phenol novolac)、环氧甲酚线型酚醛清漆(epoxy cresol novolac)，或其组合等)或其他型树脂。其他优选的含有环氧类的材料包括双酚-A表氯醇醚聚合物、或可用丁二烯或其他聚合物添加剂改性的双酚-A环氧树脂。此外，也可采用多种不同的环氧类的各种混合物。合适的环氧类的实例以商品名(例如，DER 331、DER 661、DER 662)售卖，其可商购自Dow Chemical Company,Midland,Michigan。
环氧类可与可包括苯乙烯类、丙烯腈类、丙烯酸酯类、乙酸酯类、聚酰胺类、聚乙烯类、或苯氧基树脂等的热塑性组分组合。热塑性组分可以以前驱体层的至少5重量％的量存在。热塑性组分可以以前驱体层的至少20重量％的量存在。热塑性组分可以以前驱体层的至少60重量％的量存在。热塑性组分可以以前驱体层的至少80重量％的量存在。热塑性组分可以以前驱体层的至少30重量％的量存在。
虽然预期可根据本发明采用各种聚合物/弹性体加成物，一种优选的加成物是环氧类/弹性体加成物。前驱体层可因此包括含弹性体的加成物。可以以前驱体层的高达80重量％的量包含环氧类/弹性体杂化物或加成物。含弹性体的加成物可为前驱体层的约至少5重量％、更典型地至少7重量％、甚至更典型地至少10重量％。加成物可为前驱体层的高达60重量％以上，但更优选10重量％至30重量％。当然，含弹性体的加成物可为两种以上具体的加成物的组合，并且加成物可在23℃的温度下为固体加成物或液体加成物，或还可为其组合。加成物可实质上完全(即至少70％、至少80％、至少90％)由在23℃的温度下为固体的一种或多种加成物构成。
加成物本身通常包括1:8至3:1(份)的环氧类或其他聚合物:弹性体，并且更优选1:5至1:6(份)的环氧类:弹性体。更典型地，加成物包括至少5％、更典型地至少12％、和甚至更典型地至少18％的弹性体，并且还典型地包括不大于50％、甚至更典型地不大于40％、和仍更典型地不大于35％的弹性体，尽管略高或略低的百分数是可行的。弹性体化合物可为热固性弹性体。示例性的弹性体没有限制地包括天然橡胶、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、聚异戊二烯、聚异丁烯、聚丁二烯、异戊二烯-丁二烯共聚物、新戊二烯、腈类橡胶(例如丁腈，例如羧基封端的丁腈)、丁基橡胶、聚硫化物弹性体、丙烯酸类弹性体、丙烯腈类弹性体、硅橡胶、聚硅氧烷、聚酯橡胶、二异氰酸酯连接的缩合弹性体、EPDM(乙烯-丙烯二烯橡胶)、氯磺化聚乙烯、和氟化烃等。优选的环氧类/弹性体加成物的实例以从CVC Chemical商购可得的商品名HYPOX售卖。
粘合涂层可用于提供结构粘合剂(structural adhesive)和/或密封粘合剂(sealing adhesive)。本发明的粘合结构体优选用于汽车工业、航天工业、建筑工业和/或家具工业。
根据本发明，涂层的厚度至少在基底的表面的一个方向上变化。优选地，这些方向彼此垂直。这种厚度变化可通过局部地施加比相邻区域更多的粘合剂材料来实现。两个区域之间的过渡可为阶梯式(stepwise)和/或按照斜面和/或按照曲面等。
由于粘合涂层的厚度上的变化，可改善结构体和基底之间的粘合性。例如：涂层的厚度可以适应基底的表面的拓扑学和/或粘合涂层和结构体之间的接触可以为某种顺序和/或基底和结构体之间的粘合性的强度可以局部地调整。
通常粘合涂层不覆盖基底的整个表面，而是例如作为条、或点等局部地施加。
本发明的另一发明的或优选的实施方案为粘合结构体，其中涂层包含一个或至少局部地多个层。
根据该主题做出的公开内容还适用于其他主题，反之亦然。
根据本发明的该实施方案，涂层包含至少一个层，并且可至少局部地包含多于一个层。层可由相同的或不同的材料制成。
然而，根据本发明的另一发明的或优选的实施方案，粘合涂层的组成局部地不同。
根据该主题做出的公开还适用于其他主题，并且反之亦然。
本发明的该实施方案具有粘合剂层的组成可针对局部需要调整的优点。组成的改变可在一个层中发生，和/或可由两个或多个层彼此叠置和/或并排布置来实现。
优选地，粘合涂层包含组成局部地不同的至少一个层。这可以通过两种或多种组成顺序地和/或平行地并排布置来实现。
根据本发明的优选实施方案，涂层的层可在它们的局部厚度和/或它们的局部宽度和/或它们的长度和/或它们的组成上不同。
根据本发明的另一优选的或发明的实施方案，至少一个层包含凹部。
根据该主题做出的公开内容还适用于其他主题，反之亦然。
优选地，粘合结构体的涂层包含结构粘合剂和/或密封粘合剂。
根据本发明的优选实施方案，基底由金属和/或塑料材料制成。
优选地，至少一个层由粉末粘合剂材料制成。
附图说明
现根据附图说明本发明。这些说明同样适用于本申请的全部发明。说明仅为示例性的，并且不限制保护的范围。
图1示出具有一层粘合涂层的基底。
图2示出具有三层粘合涂层的基底。
图3和4示出具有一层粘合涂层的两个实施方案。
图5和6示出具有一层粘合涂层的两个实施方案。
图7-9示出在一层中具有凹部的实施方案。
图10-12示出具有由至少两种组成制成的层的实施方案的顶视图。
图13示出层的宽度变化的实施方案。
具体实施方式
图1在两个视图中示出本发明的粘合结构体的第一实施方案。粘合结构体6包含例如由金属、塑料材料或其组合制成的基底。如可从右手侧的视图所见，在基底的表面上，粘合涂层7作为条而设置。该粘合涂层允许将基底粘结至另一结构体(未示出)。在本情况中，粘合涂层仅包括一层，然而该层具有局部地不同的高度、即z-方向上的延伸。在本情况中，在右手和左手侧的端部具有比中间的高度更大的高度。然而，本领域技术人员理解，高度分布可不同。在本情况中，粘合涂层条在基底的整个长度x上延伸，并且具有恒定宽度y。同样，本领域技术人员理解，这也可不同。粘合涂层7的高度和/或宽度和/或长度根据需要提供，特别地取决于局部需要的粘结力。
图2示出本发明的粘合结构体的实施方案，其中，在本情况中，粘合涂层包含三个层。同样，应注意层2–4可在它们的长度x、宽度y和高度z上不同，从而产生定制的粘合性连接(adhesive connection)。
根据图3和4的实施方案说明一个层2的组成可包含一种或多种不同的物质8、9，所述物质8、9是不同的，例如包含不同的粘合性能。在根据图3的实例中，两种物质的厚度z是相同的，而在根据图4的实例中，具有组成8的层的厚度变化和/或与组成9局部地不同。
在根据图5和6的实例中，可见在层中的组成的长度x可在所述组成的高度z上变化。还可见组成的顺序可在粘合涂层7的高度上变化。本领域技术人员理解一个层之内的组成的宽度y还可在所述组成的高度上变化。
图7-9示出本发明的粘合结构体的各实施方案，其中至少一个层2包含可例如用于将基底1连接、例如焊接至另一结构体的凹部5。凹部可小于粘合涂层的宽度y。所述凹部可具有与在凹部的附近的层本身相同或不同的高度。参考图8，两种物质8、9可由凹部5分隔。如可从图9所见，凹部可外延通过多于一层和/或粘合涂层的层的厚度可在凹部周围变化。
图10-12示出本发明的粘合结构体的各顶视图。各图说明一个或多个层的组成还可在宽度y和/或长度x上变化。一个层2可由以y-方向上的并排结构2′、2″(图10)、或以x-方向上的连续结构布置的两种以上的组成构成。
图13示出一个组分和/或层的宽度y在粘合涂层的长度上不需要是恒定的。
附图标记说明
1 基底
2 第一层
2′ 第一层
2″ 第一层
3 第二层
4 第三层
5 凹部
6 粘合结构体
7 粘合涂层
8 第一物质
9 第二物质
Claims (9)
1.一种包含基底(1)和施加于所述基底的粘合涂层(7)的粘合结构体(6)，其特征在于所述涂层的厚度(z)在至少一个方向(x、y)上变化。
2.根据权利要求1或权利要求1的前序部分所述的粘合结构体(6)，其特征在于所述涂层包含一个或至少局部地多个层(2-4)。
3.根据前述权利要求任一项或权利要求1的前序部分所述的粘合结构体(6)，其特征在于所述粘合涂层的组成局部地不同。
4.根据权利要求3所述的粘合结构体(6)，其特征在于所述粘合涂层包含组成局部地不同的至少一个层(2-4)。
5.根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的粘合结构体(6)，其特征在于所述涂层(7)的层(2-4)在它们的厚度(z)和/或它们的宽度(y)和/或它们的长度(x)和/或它们的组成(8,9)上不同。
6.根据前述权利要求任一项或权利要求1的前序部分所述的粘合结构体(6)，其特征在于至少一个层(2-4)包含凹部(5)。
7.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的粘合结构体(6)，其特征在于所述涂层包含结构粘合剂和/或密封粘合剂。
8.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的粘合结构体(6)，其特征在于所述基底由金属和/或塑料材料制成。
9.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的粘合结构体，其特征在于所述层(2-4)由粉末粘合剂材料制成。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15187152.2 | 2015-09-28 | ||
| EP15187152 | 2015-09-28 | ||
| PCT/EP2016/073080 WO2017055334A1 (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2016-09-28 | Adhesive structure with a substrate and an adhesive coating |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108138008A true CN108138008A (zh) | 2018-06-08 |
Family
ID=54252018
Family Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201680056757.XA Pending CN108138008A (zh) | 2015-09-28 | 2016-09-28 | 具有基底和粘合涂层的粘合结构体 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20180273806A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP3356484A1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN108138008A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR112018006258A2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2017055334A1 (zh) |
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| CN110845967A (zh) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-28 | 德莎欧洲股份公司 | 用于包裹细长材料如特别地电缆线束的胶带以及包裹方法 |
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| CN110845967B (zh) * | 2018-08-20 | 2022-10-04 | 德莎欧洲股份公司 | 用于包裹细长材料如特别地电缆线束的胶带以及包裹方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20180273806A1 (en) | 2018-09-27 |
| WO2017055334A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 |
| EP3356484A1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
| BR112018006258A2 (pt) | 2018-10-16 |
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