CN108124890B - Insecticidal composition containing veratrine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of research and development of new pesticides, and particularly relates to an insecticidal composition containing veratrine. The insecticidal composition containing veratrine comprises the effective components of veratrine and liuyangmycin in a weight ratio of 1:40-40: 1. The insecticidal composition provided by the invention is composed of active ingredients with different action mechanisms, has obvious synergistic effect, and can reduce the usage amount of a single agent; has activity to harmful mites in all generations; can effectively slow down the generation of the resistance of the mites; the composition adopts a biological pesticide, and has less environmental pollution.

Description

Insecticidal composition containing veratrine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of research and development of new pesticides, and particularly relates to an insecticidal composition containing veratrine.

Background

Mites, also known as red spider, white spider, and the like, belong to the Arabia order of the phylum Arthropoda. Mites which are mainly harmful to crops in agriculture mainly comprise tetranychus urticae koch, tetranychus cinnabarinus, tetranychus urticae koch and the like, gall mites, rust mites and the like. The mites which are harmful to crops generally have the characteristics of large egg laying amount, high propagation speed, large population density, obvious generation overlapping, easy generation of drug resistance and the like. Usually causing the fruit to lose green and deform in peel and leaves, causing the fruit tree to have poor nutrition, and finally causing destructive consequences such as flower drop, leaf drop, fruit drop and the like.

Veratrine is an active substance extracted from the rhizome of veratrum which is a perennial herb of veratrum, has the characteristics of no public nuisance, no pollution, no residual toxicity and the like, and is a new generation of high-efficiency, low-toxicity and broad-spectrum pesticide. The main insecticidal action mechanism of the pesticide is that after entering a digestive system through the epidermis of a pest body or being sucked, local stimulation is caused, reflex pest body excitation is caused, the sensory nerve endings of the pest body are inhibited firstly, and then the central nerve is inhibited, so that pest mites die. The veratrine has similar action object to nicotine, has contact poisoning and stomach poisoning effects, can be used for preventing and treating aphid, whitefly, psylla, rice planthopper, leaf miner, rice leaf roller, two-spotted spider mite, etc., and is a quick-acting pesticide.

Liuyangmycin is a miticidal antibiotic with a macrolide structure produced by the Liuyang variety of Streptomyces griseus. The pesticide has low toxicity and residue, can prevent and treat various mites of various crops, has good prevention and treatment effect, is safe to natural enemies, and has no cross resistance with conventional pesticides.

The chemical pesticide is easy to cause environmental pollution and cause food safety problems after long-term use, and the adoption of the biological pesticide for replacing the chemical pesticide is a research hotspot. The compounding of active ingredients of different varieties is a common method for preventing and controlling resistant insect pests. The usage amount of the pesticide can be reduced, so that the generation of pesticide resistance is greatly delayed, and the method is an important means for comprehensively preventing and treating insect pests. In the prior art, no compound report of veratrine and liuyangmycin exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an insecticidal composition containing veratrine, which can be used for controlling plant mites, and is particularly preferably used for controlling tetranychus urticae.

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

the insecticidal composition containing veratrine comprises the effective components of veratrine and liuyangmycin in a weight ratio of 1:40-40: 1.

Preferably, the weight ratio of veratrine to liuyangmycin in the insecticidal composition is 1:20-5: 1.

Preferably, the weight ratio of veratrine to liuyangmycin in the insecticidal composition is 1: 5.

The invention also provides a pesticide preparation containing the insecticidal composition, wherein the mass of veratrine and liuyangmycin accounts for 2-40% of the total mass of the whole preparation, and the balance is auxiliary components of the pesticide preparation.

Preferably, the veratrine and the liuyangmycin account for 10-30% of the total mass of the whole preparation.

Preferably, the pesticide preparation is in the form of emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsion, suspending agent, wettable powder or soluble liquid.

The invention also provides application of the insecticidal composition in preventing and controlling plant mites.

Further, the auxiliary components of the pesticide preparation comprise a carrier and an auxiliary agent. The carrier is one, two or three of water, solvent or filler, and the water is preferably deionized water; the auxiliary agent at least comprises a surfactant, and other functional auxiliary agents such as an antifreezing agent, a thickening agent, a stabilizing agent, a disintegrating agent, a defoaming agent and the like can be added according to different use occasions and requirements, wherein the other functional auxiliary agents are selected from one or more of the antifreezing agent, the thickening agent, the stabilizing agent, the disintegrating agent and the defoaming agent.

The solvent is selected from one or more of vegetable oil, N-dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, N-butanol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, acetone, cyclohexanone, N-methylpyrrolidone, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, dimethylacetamide, triethanolamine, acetonitrile, isopropylamine, methyl oleate and the like.

The filler is selected from one or a mixture of more of kaolin, diatomite, bentonite, attapulgite, white carbon black, starch or light calcium carbonate.

The surfactant is selected from one or more of an emulsifier, a dispersant, a wetting agent or a penetrant. The surfactant is a single agent or a compound preparation of a common nonionic surfactant or an anionic surfactant.

The emulsifier is selected from OP series phosphate (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate), 600# phosphate (phenylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate), styrene polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate, magnesium alkyldiphenyl ether disulfonate, triethanolamine salt, Nostoc 400# (benzyldimethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), Nostoc 700# (alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether), Ningru 36# (phenethylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether), agricultural cream 1600# (phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polypropylene ether), ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer, OP series (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), BY series (castor oil polyoxyethylene ether), agricultural cream 33# (alkylaryl polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether), span series (sorbitan monostearate), Tween series (sorbitan fatty acid ester polyoxyethylene ether) or AEO series (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether).

The dispersing agent is selected from one or a mixture of a plurality of polycarboxylate, lignosulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate, calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ether or glycerin fatty acid ester polyoxyethylene ether.

The wetting agent is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, nekal BX, wetting penetrant F, saponin powder, silkworm excrement or soapberry powder.

The penetrating agent is selected from one or a mixture of more of penetrating agent JFC (fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether), penetrating agent T (diisooctyl maleate sulfonate), azone or organic silicon.

The thickening agent is selected from one or a mixture of more of gelatin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, modified starch, xanthan gum, bentonite, silicon dioxide or magnesium aluminum silicate.

The antifreezing agent is a mixture consisting of one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol or urea.

The defoaming agent is selected from one or a mixture of more of silicone oil, silicone compounds, C10-C20 saturated fatty acid compounds or C8-C10 fatty alcohol compounds.

The disintegrating agent is selected from one or more of bentonite, urea, ammonium sulfate, aluminum chloride, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, lactose, citric acid, succinic acid or sodium bicarbonate.

The stabilizer is selected from one or more of epoxidized soybean oil, epichlorohydrin, BHT, ethyl acetate or triphenyl phosphate.

The application of the insecticidal composition provided by the invention in preventing and controlling plant mites. Preferably for the control of tetranychus urticae.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the composition has obvious synergistic effect, and can reduce the using amount of single agent; the composition of the invention is active against all the generations of harmful mites; the composition consists of active ingredients with different action mechanisms, and can effectively slow the generation of resistance of mites; the composition adopts a biological pesticide, and has less environmental pollution.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with examples, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

Example 1: indoor toxicity determination method of veratrine and liuyangmycin compound tetranychus urticae

The test method comprises the following steps: a glass slide dipping method is adopted, a double-sided adhesive tape is cut into 2cm multiplied by 2cm, the double-sided adhesive tape is attached to one end of a glass slide, spider mites on the backs of kidney bean leaves are lightly adhered, the backs of the spider mites are adhered to the double-sided adhesive tape, each chelate limb can move freely, the double-sided adhesive tape is placed at room temperature for 2 hours, observation is carried out through a dissecting mirror, spider mite individuals which are dead, inactive, in an insect state and in an improper position are strictly eliminated, and active spider mites are reserved as a test insect source. Completely dissolving the test agent with a small amount of acetone, diluting the agent for 5-6 mass concentrations on the basis of a pre-test, repeating each mass concentration for 4 times, and using clear water as a control. And (3) immersing the mite carrying slide into the liquid medicine, slightly shaking for 5s, taking out, and quickly sucking the residual liquid medicine on the periphery by using absorbent paper. Placing the slide in a culture dish paved with wet filter paper, covering with a preservative film, placing in an incubator at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 75%, checking the death condition under a dissecting mirror at 24h, and using a writing brush to touch the mite body slightly, and regarding the dead with the chela as dead. And (4) counting the mortality rate and calculating the corrected mortality rate.

The regression equation of virulence and the LC50 value were determined by the DPS v12.01 software. LC50 values were then calculated. And finally, calculating the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) according to the Sun Yunpei method.

When the CTC is less than or equal to 80, the composition shows antagonism, when the CTC is more than 80 and less than 120, the composition shows additive action, and when the CTC is more than or equal to 120, the composition shows synergistic action.

Measured virulence index (ATI) ═ standard medicament LC 50/test medicament LC50 × 100

Theoretical virulence index (TTI) ═ A agent virulence index x percent of A in the mixture + B agent virulence index x percent of B in the mixture

Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) × 100 [ measured toxicity index (ATI) of the mixture)/Theoretical Toxicity Index (TTI) of the mixture ].

TABLE 1 indoor toxicity assay of veratrine and liuyangmycin against Tetranychus urticae

As can be seen from Table 1, the combination of veratrine and liuyangmycin has a synergistic effect on tetranychus urticae in the range of 1:30-20:1, and the CTC value is more than 120. When the veratrine and the liuyangmycin are compounded in the range of 1:20-5:1, the CTC value is more than 130, and the obvious synergistic effect is shown; particularly, when the ratio of veratrine to liuyangmycin is 1:5, the CTC value is 140.8, and the synergistic effect is strongest.

Example 2: veratrine and liuyangmycin compound pair tetranychus urticae field control effect

The test method comprises the following steps: the crop to be tested is kidney beans, and no fertilizer or pesticide is applied except for watering after seedling emergence. The experiment was set up to 4 replicates. Marking 15 mites in each cell, investigating the base number of each tetranychid mite before the pesticide application, starting pesticide application after the investigation is finished, wherein the pesticide spraying amount is about 450kg/hm2, investigating the survival mite amount 10 days after the pesticide application, and calculating the reduction rate and the control effect of the population worms.

Testing the medicament:

agent 1: 24% veratrine-liuyangmycin wettable powder (veratrine 12%, liuyangmycin 12%, sodium lignosulfonate 3%, NNO 5%, nekal 1%, kaolin up to 100%)

Medicament 2: 36% veratrine-liuyangmycin missible oil (veratrine 6%, liuyangmycin 30%, N-methyl pyrrolidone 10%, farm emulsion 400# 5%, epichlorohydrin 3%, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethyleneEther 4%, xylene to 100%)

TABLE 2 field control of veratrine and liuyangmycin in combination with tetranychus urticae

As can be seen from table 2, compared with the single use, the combination of veratrine and liuyangmycin can significantly improve the control effect on tetranychus urticae koch, and has significant synergistic effect. Can slow down the generation of resistance, has good safety to crops and meets the safety requirement of pesticide preparations.

The present invention has been further described with reference to the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. The insecticidal composition containing veratrine is characterized in that the effective components of veratrine and liuyangmycin are veratrine and liuyangmycin in a weight ratio of 1:30-20: 1.

2. The insecticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of veratrine to liuyangmycin is 1:20-5: 1.

3. The insecticidal composition of claim 2, wherein said veratrine and liuyangmycin are present in a weight ratio of 1: 5.

4. A pesticidal formulation comprising the pesticidal composition of any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the veratrine and liuyangmycin account for 2-40% of the total mass of the whole preparation, and the balance is auxiliary components of the pesticide preparation.

5. The pesticide formulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: the veratrine and liuyangmycin account for 10-30% of the total mass of the whole preparation.

6. The pesticide formulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: the pesticide preparation is in the dosage form of missible oil, microemulsion, suspending agent, wettable powder or water dispersible granules.

7. Use of the insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1-3 for controlling plant mites.