CN108124717A - Sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation - Google Patents
Sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108124717A CN108124717A CN201810095810.8A CN201810095810A CN108124717A CN 108124717 A CN108124717 A CN 108124717A CN 201810095810 A CN201810095810 A CN 201810095810A CN 108124717 A CN108124717 A CN 108124717A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch and the methods for improveing clay fertilizer situation, including arranging plot, seed treatment, sowing, field management and harvesting in due course, sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer A fertilizer and B fertilizer are added in planting process, A fertilizer is that weight ratio is 25~35:20~30:14~16:14~16:8~12:2~4:1~3 straw particle, Animal manure, attapulgite clay, humic acid, peat, alkaline land modifying agent and microbial germ powder；B fertilizer is is 35~45 by weight ratio:8~12:18~22:16~20:4~8:The sandy soil adhesive that 4~8 gelatin, waterglass, modified aqueous polyurethane, gypsum, rosin and manganese dioxide forms.The present invention improves salt-soda soil using the measures such as sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer and plantation common vetch, the yield of common vetch is high, quality is good, the reclamation result in entire sandy salt-soda soil is also protruded, improved, process green pollution-free, with good economic and social benefit, therefore it is a kind of application technology for being worth being widely applied.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alkaline land improvement technical field, more particularly to a kind of sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch and improvement
The method of clay fertilizer situation.
Background technology
At present, alkaline land improvement is mainly the following technical measures：
1st, water conservancy improves, the fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching：Suitable for the higher well-drained region of topography.
2nd, biological modification：Improve salt-soda soil micro-ecological environment, using bio-organic fertilizer, while supplementing organic matter, increase
Add soil beneficial microorganism quantity, make to establish new microecological balance between alkaline land soil, plant and microorganism, reach raw
The target of object control.
3rd, chemical modifying：Per hectare applies 15 tons or so of gypsum, makees base manure and once applies, and can also combine local practical arable land
In the conditioned soil of alkaline spot and grassland alkaline spot.
4th, ground is ploughed deeply, at least to descend to dig 70 centimeters or more, continuously plough deeply 2 years to 3 years, it is general when could solve to pour substantially
The problem of alkali.
5th, soil moved in improve the original is improved：In weight alkaline spot plot, alkaline spot is dug into depth 40cm, backfilling new soil.
But each of the above method all there is it is more or less the shortcomings that, each method be used alone when it is basic
On be all palliative, be also usually that one of them small aspect is taken to carry out part improvement in the prior art；So it needs
A kind of effective comprehensive processing method of science improves salt-soda soil, fundamentally improves salt-soda soil, then utilizes improvement
Corresponding industrial crops are planted in salt-soda soil afterwards, maintain and improve improved effect and bring economic benefit.
Common vetch is perennial herb legume also known as wild sweet potato, common vetch dish, vetch etc., is born in field side and shrub more
Woodland.It is distributed the ground such as North China, Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan.There is clearing heat and promoting diuresis and blood and dissolving stasis,
Yellow River harnessing subcutaneous ulcer, edema, malaria, nosebleed epistaxis, palpitaition, nocturnal emission, irregular menstruation etc..Property the warm cold air of happiness wait, cold tolerance is strong, and growth and development needs
>=0 DEG C of 1700~2000 DEG C of accumulated temperature, as forage grass, green manure or s vegetables, the area below 3000 meters of Gansu Province's height above sea level can all plant
It plants.
Common vetch can in the gravel matter to clayey soil of pH value 5.0~8.5 well-grown can significantly improve degenerate it is barren
The physical characteristic of soil and raising soil water stable state crumb structure, due to there is rhizobium fixed nitrogen restorably power, made
Restoration of the ecosystem is widely used in for pioneer.
By the way that different ameliorative measures is combined, corresponding plant is planted in cooperation, can be rapidly in varieties in saline-alkali areas shape
Into vegetation, then by artificial and natural adjusting process, it is most effective approach that improvement is carried out to the soil in salt-soda soil.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：A kind of sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch and improvement clay fertilizer situation are provided
Method.This method can effectively improve sandyization salt-soda soil, and the common vetch yield height of plantation, quality are good, soil improvement effect
Fruit is good, has significant economic, society and ecological benefits.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：
Sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation, include the following steps：
A. plot is arranged：In the sandy salt-soda soil for preparing farming in sowing the previous year advance site preparation, shallow plowing is completed, stubble-cleaning goes out
Grass, to retain and conserve soil moisture；Apply fertilizer to the subsoil before next year sowing 1000~3000 kilograms of A fertilizer in sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer, deep ploughing, harrow
A kind of farm tools, grade, trench digging watering, trench digging line-spacing is 15~30 centimetres, in case sowing；
B. seed treatment：It first grinds pressure before sowing with a stone roller or handles seed with roller or stirred after being mixed with rubble, grit
Concussion is mixed, until the coarse fluffing of the surface of the seed, is then rinsed 2 times with clear water, to remove the impurity in seed, then will be after flushing
Seed immerses the water that temperature is 30 DEG C and impregnates 12 hours, so that seed fully absorbs moisture, shady place is positioned over after water is filtered,
Prepare sowing；
C. it sows：The processed seed of vernalization is uniformly sprinkling upon ridge face and poured in the ditch of water by annual mid-April, in seed
It is upper covering 2~4 cm thicks soil layer, per acre sowing quantity be adjusted to 5~8 kilograms according to soil regime and planting density；Then it is every
500~1000 liters of B fertilizer in sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer is sprayed in mu earth's surface；
D. field management：It is suitably divided into seedlings after emergence and final singling；Start branch after foliation, because of its spray of mainly searching for food
Leaf needs progress top dressing to prevent the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control simultaneously every time after harvesting；Impose A fertilizer in sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer per acre 800
~1200 kilograms, while 10~20 kilograms of increasing the p application rate；Common vetch is drought-enduring to be afraid of flood, pays attention to drainage waterlogging prevention in flood season, in order to avoid cause
Pest and disease damage；
E. it harvests in due course：From harvesting about 40~60 days for the first time are seeded into, used after fresh or dried；Seed is collected in 9
It the last ten-days period to the early October moon, is preserved after drying threshing to its seed after harvesting；
It is 25~35 that the A fertilizer of the sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer, which is weight ratio,:20~30:14~16:14~16:8~12:
2~4:1~3 straw particle, Animal manure, attapulgite clay, humic acid, peat, alkaline land modifying agent and microorganism
Bacterium powder；B fertilizer is is 35~45 by weight ratio:8~12:18~22:16~20:4~8:4~8 gelatin, waterglass, modified water
Property polyurethane, gypsum, rosin and manganese dioxide composition sandy soil adhesive.
Preferably, the straw particle, Animal manure, attapulgite clay, humic acid, peat, alkaline land improving
The weight ratio of agent and microbial germ powder is 30:25:15:15:10:3:2；Gelatin, waterglass, modified water-soluble gather in sandy soil adhesive
Urethane, gypsum, rosin and manganese dioxide weight ratio be 40:10:20:18:6:6；Microbial germ powder includes azotobacter chroococcum, thermophilic
Salt alkalophilic bacillus, bacillus coagulans, lactic acid bacteria, soil yeast, trichodermaharzianum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, head mold and aspergillus.
Preferably, the straw particle includes corn, sorghum, cotton, wheat and particle made of paddy stalk
One or more of；Animal manure includes one or more of cow dung, horsehit, donkey excrement, pig manure, chicken manure, duck excrement and sheep manure
Muck made of excrement；It is 30 that alkaline land modifying agent, which includes weight ratio,:30:25:15 maleic anhydride, citric acid, amino acid and
Trace element.
Preferably, azotobacter chroococcum in the microbial germ powder, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus, bacillus coagulans, lactic acid bacteria,
Soil yeast, trichodermaharzianum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, head mold and aspergillus content be respectively 0.5 × 109~1.5 × 109CFU/G,
0.5 × 109~1.5 × 109CFU/G, 1.0 × 109~5.0 × 109CFU/G, 1.0 × 109~5.0 × 109CFU/G, 2.0 ×
109~10.0 × 109CFU/G, 2.0 × 109~10.0 × 109CFU/G, 5.0 × 109~15 × 109CFU/G, 5.0 × 109
~15 × 109CFU/G and 5.0 × 109~15 × 109CFU/G.
Preferably, described common vetch sowing also may be selected the mode of broadcasting sowing and sow.
Preferably, built mode can be used in the common vetch growth course assists its stalk to climb up by holding on to, between increase plant
Ventilation and penetrating light effect increases yield.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention improves salt-soda soil using the measures such as sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer and plantation common vetch；Wherein humic acid,
The nutrient that straw particle and Animal manure are formed through microorganism decomposition simultaneously lasting rapidly can be supplied to soil nutrient,
And soil pH value is reduced by producing the metal ion in acid, degradation or conversion soil, change soil texture, protect plant nutrient
Equilibrium, supplement crop nutrition content promote root system development, so as to improve the yield of crops；
The soil property of attapulgite clay is fine and smooth, there is oily soapy, light, property is crisp, and water imbibition is strong.Have when wet sticky and plastic
Property, dry after-contraction is small, less aobvious crackle, and water impregnates disintegration.Suspension meets dielectric not flocculation sediment, improves soil texture
Do not pollute surrounding enviroment and underground water again simultaneously, moreover it is possible to saline-alkali soil is neutralized, and plays good improved effect, it is quick, once
Property apply after be benefited all the life；
Peat has light, water holding, the performance for fertilizer conservation, being conducive to microbial activities, enhancing biology, full of nutrition, is both
Cultivation matrix, and be good soil mediator agent, and contain very high organic matter and nutrition；
Alkaline land modifying agent can effectively reduce the pH value of salt-soda soil and alkali-affected soil, and wherein amino acid is needed for biology
One or more of amino acid mixture, trace element be containing iron, silicon, zinc, copper, iodine, bromine, selenium and manganese etc. it is one or more of
The mixture of element；For increasing ASI systematic approach, promote biological growth；
Thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus can survive under high alkali environment with high salt in microbial bacteria, convert the metal ion in nature
Plant is supplied to utilize；Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus can itself fixed nitrogen or with plant cooperated fixed nitrogen；Thermophilic salt basophilic bacterium lactic acid
Bacillus, trichodermaharzianum, head mold and aspergillus are mainly used for organic matter of degrading, and cooperate with the resistance for increasing plant；Soil yeast can
To play the role of chesson, the gas permeability of soil is improved, bacterial strain breeding can generate a large amount of antibiotic, to crop multiple diseases
Resistance is generated, plays the role of increasing yield, improving quality；
Sandy soil adhesive is degraded under field conditions (factors), is formed a film after dehydration, have good elasticity, gas permeability, anti-rolling property,
Water resistance and stronger caking property and good liquid barrier property and inhibition vaporization function；Suitable for sand control, fix the sand, the works such as bank protection
Journey conserves water and soil and is not lost in, and solidification effect is good；
Common vetch can significantly improve the physical characteristic of degeneration lean soil and improve soil water stable state crumb structure, be conducive to
The raising of soil erosion resistibility；Due to there is rhizobium fixed nitrogen restorably power, drought-enduring cold-resistant impoverishment tolerant ability is strong, therefore,
Restoration of the ecosystem is widely used in as pioneer；Vegetables, Chinese medicine, feed and green manure are can be also used for, there is good economy
Benefit and social benefit.
Therefore, salt-soda soil, the yield of common vetch are improved using the measures such as sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer and plantation common vetch
Height, quality are good, and the reclamation result in entire sandy salt-soda soil is also protruded, and improved, process green pollution-free has good
Good economic and social benefit, therefore be a kind of application technology for being worth being widely applied.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
Embodiment one, sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer one of production
A. it is 14 by weight:16:12 ratio sieves for subsequent use attapulgite clay, humic acid, peat crushing；
B. object stalk crushes, and is 35 by weight:20 by straw particle (corn, cotton and paddy stalk particle with
Arbitrary proportion mix) and Animal manure (cow dung, horsehit, donkey excrement, duck excrement and sheep manure are mixed with arbitrary proportion) it is admixed together,
Compost 15 days under natural conditions, it is during which primary every turning in 3 days；It is dried after the completion of compost；
C. as needed for each bacterium (azotobacter chroococcum, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus, bacillus coagulans, lactic acid bacteria, soil ferment
Mother, trichodermaharzianum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, head mold and aspergillus) corresponding culture medium is prepared, and condition of culture is set, cultivate and is made
Each microbial bacterial agent or the existing commodity of purchase；Mixing for standby use in proportion；
D. product obtained in above-mentioned steps a, b and c is placed in pulverizer, the alkaline land improving that addition weight ratio is 4
Agent is fully crushed and is mixed；Wherein the products weight ratio of step c is 1；
E. product obtained in step d is delivered to comminutor to be granulated, then drying and moulding is to get in improving fertilizer
A fertilizer；
F. it is 45 by weight ratio:12:18:16:4:8 gelatin, waterglass, modified aqueous polyurethane, gypsum, rosin and two
Manganese oxide using w/v (solute as weight, in grams；Solvent is volume, as unit of milliliter) it is 20:100 ratio
Example is added in methyl-silicone oil solution, and methyl-silicone oil solution is 2% methyl-silicone oil aqueous solution to get B fertilizer solution.
Embodiment two, sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer production two
A. it is 16 by weight:14:8 ratio sieves for subsequent use attapulgite clay, humic acid, peat crushing；
B. object stalk crushes, and is 25 by weight:30 by straw particle (corn, sorghum, wheat and paddy stalk
Grain mixed with arbitrary proportion) and Animal manure (cow dung, horsehit, chicken manure, duck excrement and sheep manure are mixed with arbitrary proportion) be mixed into one
It rises, compost 15 days, during which primary every turning in 3 days under field conditions (factors)；It is dried after the completion of compost；
C. as needed for each bacterium (azotobacter chroococcum, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus, bacillus coagulans, lactic acid bacteria, soil ferment
Mother, trichodermaharzianum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, head mold and aspergillus) corresponding culture medium is prepared, and condition of culture is set, cultivate and is made
Each microbial bacterial agent or the existing commodity of purchase；Mixing for standby use in proportion；
D. product obtained in above-mentioned steps a, b and c is placed in pulverizer, the alkaline land improving that addition weight ratio is 2
Agent is fully crushed and is mixed；Wherein the products weight ratio of step c is 3；
E. product obtained in step d is delivered to comminutor to be granulated, then drying and moulding is to get in improving fertilizer
A fertilizer；
F. it is 35 by weight ratio:8:22:20:8:4 gelatin, waterglass, modified aqueous polyurethane, gypsum, rosin and two
Manganese oxide using w/v (solute as weight, in grams；Solvent is volume, as unit of milliliter) it is 40:100 ratio
Example is added in methyl-silicone oil solution, and methyl-silicone oil solution is 5% methyl-silicone oil aqueous solution to get B fertilizer solution.
Embodiment three, sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer production three
A. it is 15 by weight:15:10 ratio sieves for subsequent use attapulgite clay, humic acid, peat crushing；
B. object stalk crushes, and is 30 by weight:25 by straw particle (corn, sorghum, cotton, wheat and paddy
The particle of stalk is mixed with arbitrary proportion) and Animal manure (cow dung, horsehit, donkey excrement, pig manure, chicken manure, duck excrement and sheep manure are with arbitrary
Ratio mixes) it is admixed together, compost 15 days, during which primary every turning in 3 days under field conditions (factors)；It dries in the air after the completion of compost
It shines；
C. as needed for each bacterium (azotobacter chroococcum, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus, bacillus coagulans, lactic acid bacteria, soil ferment
Mother, trichodermaharzianum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, head mold and aspergillus) corresponding culture medium is prepared, and condition of culture is set, cultivate and is made
Each microbial bacterial agent or the existing commodity of purchase；Mixing for standby use in proportion；
D. product obtained in above-mentioned steps a, b and c is placed in pulverizer, the alkaline land improving that addition weight ratio is 3
Agent is fully crushed and is mixed；Wherein the products weight ratio of step c is 2；
E. product obtained in step d is delivered to comminutor to be granulated, then drying and moulding is to get in improving fertilizer
A fertilizer；
F. it is 40 by weight ratio:10:20:18:6:6 gelatin, waterglass, modified aqueous polyurethane, gypsum, rosin and two
Manganese oxide using w/v (solute as weight, in grams；Solvent is volume, as unit of milliliter) it is 30:100 ratio
Example is added in methyl-silicone oil solution, and methyl-silicone oil solution is 3.5% methyl-silicone oil aqueous solution to get B fertilizer solution.
Example IV, common vetch plantation
A. plot is arranged：Prepare the sandy salt-soda soil of farming in Gansu Zhangye in sowing the previous year advance site preparation, complete shallow
It ploughs, stubble-cleaning weed eradication, to retain and conserve soil moisture；Apply fertilizer to the subsoil before next year sowing 2500 kilograms of A fertilizer in sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer, deep ploughing,
A kind of farm tools, grade are harrowed, trench digging watering, trench digging line-spacing is 15~30 centimetres, in case sowing；
B. seed treatment：It first grinds pressure before sowing with a stone roller or handles seed with roller or stirred after being mixed with rubble, grit
Concussion is mixed, until the coarse fluffing of the surface of the seed, is then rinsed 2 times with clear water, to remove the impurity in seed, then will be after flushing
Seed immerses the water that temperature is 30 DEG C and impregnates 12 hours, so that seed fully absorbs moisture, shady place is positioned over after water is filtered,
Prepare sowing；
C. it sows：The processed seed of vernalization is uniformly sprinkling upon ridge face and poured in the ditch of water by annual mid-April, in seed
The soil layer of 2~4 cm thicks of upper covering, mass of 1000 kernel are 40~50 grams, and sowing quantity is adjusted according to soil regime and planting density per acre
It is 7 kilograms；Then 800 liters of B fertilizer in sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer is sprayed in earth's surface per acre；
D. field management：It is suitably divided into seedlings after emergence and final singling, it is 15~180,000 plants or more per acre to stay seedling；After foliation i.e.
Start branch, because of its browse of mainly searching for food, progress top dressing is needed to prevent the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control simultaneously after harvesting every time；Impose sandy salt
A fertilizer per acre 1000 kilogram of the alkali ground in improving fertilizer, while 15 kilograms of increasing the p application rate；Common vetch is drought-enduring to be afraid of flood, pays attention to arranging in flood season
Water is prevented waterlogging, in order to avoid cause pest and disease damage；Can be caused by crossing flood by rotten, if there is illnesss such as anthracnose, brown spots, in time using corresponding
Fungicide carry out sterilization processing；
E. it harvests in due course：From harvesting about 40~60 days for the first time are seeded into, used after fresh or dried；Seed is collected in 9
It the last ten-days period to the early October moon, is preserved after drying threshing to its seed after harvesting；Per mu yield fresh grass is up to 4870 kilograms, per mu yield seed 280
Kilogram (similary processing mode is used for harvesting the experimental field result of the test of seed).The fresh grass index of aridity 22% of this method harvesting, leaf
Amount accounts for 52.9%, per 80 grams of the fresh and tender cauline leaf moisture content of hectogram, 3.96 grams of protein, and 0.53 gram of fat, 9.2 grams of carbohydrate,
310 milligrams of calcium, 94 milligrams of phosphorus, nutritive value is higher, is good vegetables, Chinese medicine, forage grass.
Embodiment five, application effect
From in March, 2016 to November, common vetch is planted in the sandy saline and alkaline plot in Gansu Zhangye with the method, before cultivation per acre
Base fertilizer is used as using sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer A fertilizer for 2500 kilograms, and deep ploughing, rake a kind of farm tools, grade are after planting sprayed sandy per acre
800 liters of alkaline land improving fertilizer B fertilizer；Meanwhile one group of setting is not added with the original sandy saline and alkaline plot of fertilizer as control.Planting season
Between, field management is normally carried out, and the survival rate to common vetch, plant height, root system, growth etc. are detected, finds to use
The growth of the common vetch in fertilizer plot of the present invention rises appreciably；By being detected to the soil regime for planting plot, find
After the present invention, the sandy alkaline land soil situation of planting area is effectively improved, reduces soil salt content and unit weight, increased
Add the soil organism, after planting 1 year common vetch, soil pH value is reduced to 7.12 by original 9.07, and sandy soil unit weight reduces
29.73%, total porosity increases by 35.26%, and field moisture holding capacity improves 58.11%, and the content of organic matter improves 148.5%,
Nitrogen content improves 91.8%, and available phosphorus contents improve 164.6%, and quick-acting potassium content improves 177.2%.The method of the present invention
Green forage yield is 4870 kilograms per acre, for 1186 kilograms of control group yield, increases production 3584 kilograms per acre.
It can be seen that the present invention it is notable to the improved effect in sandy salt-soda soil, plantation common vetch compared with the control survival rate,
Plant height, plant weight and quality are significantly improved, and have good economic, society and ecological benefits.
It should be understood that these embodiments are only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that,
After reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes to the present invention, these
Equivalent form is also fallen within the scope of the appended claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A. plot is arranged：In the sandy salt-soda soil for preparing farming, in sowing the previous year, advance site preparation, completion shallow plowing, stubble-cleaning go out after autumn
Grass, to retain and conserve soil moisture；Apply fertilizer to the subsoil before next year sowing 1000~3000 kilograms of A fertilizer in sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer, deep ploughing, harrow
A kind of farm tools, grade, trench digging watering, trench digging line-spacing is 15~30 centimetres, in case sowing；
B. seed treatment：First with rolling or stirring concussion processing seed before sowing, until the coarse fluffing of the surface of the seed, then with clear
Water rinses 2 times, to remove the impurity in seed, then the seed after flushing is immersed the water that temperature is 30 DEG C and is impregnated 12 hours, with
Seed is made to fully absorb moisture, shady place is positioned over after water is filtered, prepares sowing；
C. it sows：The processed seed of vernalization is uniformly sprinkling upon ridge face and poured in the ditch of water by annual mid-April, in seed overlying
The soil layer of 2~4 cm thick of lid, per acre sowing quantity be adjusted to 5~8 kilograms according to soil regime and planting density；Then per acre
500~1000 liters of B fertilizer in sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer is sprayed on table；
D. field management：It is suitably divided into seedlings after emergence and final singling；It needs to carry out top dressing after harvesting every time while pre- preventing disease and pest is prevented
It controls；Impose 800~1200 kilograms per acre of A fertilizer in sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer, while 10~20 kilograms of increasing the p application rate；Common vetch
It is drought-enduring to be afraid of flood, pay attention to drainage waterlogging prevention in flood season, in order to avoid cause pest and disease damage；
E. it harvests in due course：From harvesting about 40~60 days for the first time are seeded into, used after fresh or dried；Seed is collected under September
Ten days to early October preserves after drying threshing to its seed after harvesting；
It is 25~35 that the A fertilizer of the sandy alkaline land improving fertilizer, which is weight ratio,:20~30:14~16:14~16:8~12:2~
4:1~3 straw particle, Animal manure, attapulgite clay, humic acid, peat, alkaline land modifying agent and microbial bacteria
Powder；B fertilizer is is 35~45 by weight ratio:8~12:18~22:16~20:4~8:4~8 gelatin, waterglass, modified water-soluble
The sandy soil adhesive that polyurethane, gypsum, rosin and manganese dioxide form.
2. sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch as described in claim 1 and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation, it is characterised in that：Institute
State the weight of straw particle, Animal manure, attapulgite clay, humic acid, peat, alkaline land modifying agent and microbial germ powder
Than being 30:25:15:15:10:3:2；Gelatin in the sandy soil adhesive, waterglass, modified aqueous polyurethane, gypsum, rosin and
The weight ratio of manganese dioxide is 40:10:20:18:6:6；The microbial germ powder include azotobacter chroococcum, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus,
Bacillus coagulans, lactic acid bacteria, soil yeast, trichodermaharzianum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, head mold and aspergillus.
3. sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch as described in claim 1 and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation, it is characterised in that：Institute
It states straw particle and includes one or more of corn, sorghum, cotton, wheat and particle made of paddy stalk；It is described
Animal manure includes one or more of cow dung, horsehit, donkey excrement, pig manure, chicken manure, duck excrement and sheep manure muck made of excrement；
It is 30 that the alkaline land modifying agent, which includes weight ratio,:30:25:15 maleic anhydride, citric acid, amino acid and trace element.
4. sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch as described in claim 1 and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation, it is characterised in that：Institute
State azotobacter chroococcum in microbial germ powder, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus, bacillus coagulans, lactic acid bacteria, soil yeast, trichodermaharzianum,
The content of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, head mold and aspergillus be respectively 0.5 × 109~1.5 × 109CFU/G, 0.5 × 109~1.5 ×
109CFU/G, 1.0 × 109~5.0 × 109CFU/G, 1.0 × 109~5.0 × 109CFU/G, 2.0 × 109~10.0 ×
109CFU/G, 2.0 × 109~10.0 × 109CFU/G, 5.0 × 109~15 × 109CFU/G, 5.0 × 109~15 ×
109CFU/G and 5.0 × 109~15 × 109CFU/G.
5. sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch as described in claim 1 and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation, it is characterised in that：Institute
Common vetch sowing is stated the mode of broadcasting sowing also may be selected to sow.
6. sandy salt-soda soil plantation common vetch as described in claim 1 and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation, it is characterised in that：Institute
It states and built mode can be used in common vetch growth course its stalk is assisted to climb up by holding on to.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109776218A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-05-21 | 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 | A kind of Jian Kuo pea regulation special fertilizer |
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