CN108017428A - A kind of straw decomposition microbial inoculum and its application - Google Patents
A kind of straw decomposition microbial inoculum and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108017428A CN108017428A CN201711319186.7A CN201711319186A CN108017428A CN 108017428 A CN108017428 A CN 108017428A CN 201711319186 A CN201711319186 A CN 201711319186A CN 108017428 A CN108017428 A CN 108017428A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of straw decomposition microbial inoculum and its application, the straw decomposition microbial inoculum is the compound of solution fiber clostridium, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair, penicillium decumbens, aspergillus niger, white light streptomycete, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent；The accelerating agent comprises the following raw materials by weight percent：Floats 50 70%, citric acid 5 10%, nano concavo-convex hold in both hands soil 20 45%；By straw decomposition microbial inoculum of the present invention, make " three elements " in stalk can fast decoupled, greatly speed up digest process, fermentation period has been shortened, and can effectively reduce peculiar smell, and bacteria used thereby dosage is few, production cost can be effectively reduced, while it is rapid to ferment, thermal adaptability is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microorganism field, and in particular to a kind of straw decomposition microbial inoculum and its application.
Background technology
Stalk is the general name of ripe crops cauline leaf part.It is often referred to wheat, rice, corn, potato, rape, cotton, sweet
The remainder of sugarcane and other crops after seed is harvested.The photosynthetic product of crops has more than half to be present in stalk
In, stalk is that one kind has multiduty reproducible living resources, stalk rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter etc.
It is a kind of roughage.More than 600,000,000 tons of the stalk that China produces every year, since later stage the 1990s, with crop yield prediction
Improve, stalk total amount increases sharply, and to catch up with farming season, robbing sowing, follow the line of least resistance, most areas begin to concentration and straw occur vast farmers
Stalk burns phenomenon.The phenomenon of large area crop straw burning not only causes great environmental pollution, but also wastes the biology of preciousness
Resource.
Since the main component of stalk is the macromoleculars such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, this three is referred to as plant
" three element ".The characteristics of " three elements " is that molecular weight is big, close structure is orderly, antidecomposition power is strong.Again because of the table of most crop materials
Face further increases the decomposition difficulty of stalk also there are a large amount of wax coats.As it can be seen that to make straw decomposition really one be not easy it
Thing, it is desirable to be able to which cellulase-producing, hemicellulase, the multiple-microorganism of lignoenzyme participate in jointly, carry out progressively orderly
Relay decomposable process, could complete the decomposition of stalk " three elements ".So in nature, the decomposition of stalk usually requires one
Prolonged mechanism, it is that the enzyme for decomposing " three elements " is produced by the Institute of Micro-biology of straw decomposition present in nature,
Progressively act on the multi-step process being just accomplished.
Equally, the enzyme of decomposition " three elements " corresponding with stalk complicated ingredient is also extremely complex, shows participation straw decomposition
Enzyme species is more, function specially, collaboration interaction etc..Microorganism is the main source for producing " three plain enzymes ", in stalk material
Degradation process in played huge effect, but the capacity variance of " three plain enzymes " that different microorganisms produce is very big.
Domestic existing straw decomposition microbial inoculum is very much, but mostly decomposition microbial agent can because the limitation of environment temperature and to stalk
Degradation effect substantially reduce, while decomposition time is also long, therefore limits the development of straw decomposition microbial inoculum.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of straw decomposition microbial inoculum and its application, the straw decomposition microbial inoculum, makes stalk
In " three element " can fast decoupled, greatly speed up digest process, shortened fermentation period, and can effectively reduce peculiar smell, and
Bacteria used thereby dosage is few, can effectively reduce production cost, while it is rapid to ferment, and thermal adaptability is strong.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
A kind of straw decomposition microbial inoculum, the straw decomposition microbial inoculum are blue or green to solve fiber clostridium, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair, horizontally-inclined
The compound of mould, aspergillus niger, in vain light streptomycete, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent, institute
State straw decomposition microbial inoculum composition is by effective bacterium number percentages：Solve fiber clostridium 0.15-0.25%, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair
0.15-0.2%, penicillium decumbens 0.1-0.18%, aspergillus niger 0.1-0.16%, white light streptomycete 0.1-15%, phosphate solubilizing bacteria
0.08-0.12%, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering 0.02-0.05%, bacillus megaterium 0.01-0.02%, remaining is accelerating agent；Institute
Accelerating agent is stated to comprise the following raw materials by weight percent：Floats 50-70%, citric acid 5-10%, nano concavo-convex hold in both hands soil
20-45%.
Above-mentioned straw decomposition microbial inoculum is prepared by following methods：
(1) weigh：Each material is weighed by recipe ratio；
(2) accelerating agent is prepared：Citric acid is added in the water that 20-35 times of its quality is measured, apatite is added after dissolving completely
Powder, nano concavo-convex hold in both hands soil, then add into reaction kettle, open stirring, and temperature is 50-60 DEG C in reaction kettle, pressure 1.5-
1.7Mp, after stirring 2-3h, is dried under reduced pressure, obtains accelerating agent；
(3) mix：Will solution fiber clostridium, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair, penicillium decumbens, aspergillus niger, white light streptomycete, phosphorus decomposing
Bacterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent are added into retort, are stirred evenly, and are dried under reduced pressure, up to straw
Stalk decomposition microbial agent powder.
Preferably, the floats are carbonatoapatite powder or hydroxyapatite powder, and the particle diameter of the floats is 100-
300μm。
Straw decomposition microbial inoculum of the present invention can be widely applied in decomposition stalk.
Straw decomposition microbial inoculum of the present invention can be particularly applied in agricultural crop straw compost, specifically used method is：
(1) stalk of harvesting is crushed；Rapeseed cake powder is added in the stalk of crushing, it is 24- to make carbon/nitrogen ratio
27：1；
(2) 0.5-1kg straw decomposition microbial inoculums are added into the mixture of stalk per ton and rapeseed cake powder again, stirring is mixed
Close, obtain mixture；Mixture is placed in fermentation hole and is fermented, and covers the soil of 5-15cm thickness；
(3) fermentation of 12-16 days is passed through, stalk is presented black powder i.e. fermentation and completes.
Preferably, in the step (1), stalk is crushed to 1-3cm.
Preferably, in the step (2), fermentation hole depth 30-60cm, wide 60-100cm, long 120-200cm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Straw decomposition microbial inoculum of the present invention, reasonable mixture ratio between each strain, acts synergistically between a variety of strains, makes in stalk
" three element " can fast decoupled, greatly speed up digest process, shortened fermentation period, and can effectively reduce peculiar smell, finally exist
It can make the basic decomposition of stalk in short time, degradation rate is up to more than 60%, and bacteria used thereby dosage is few, can effectively reduce and be produced into
This, while it is rapid to ferment, thermal adaptability is strong.
Nano concavo-convex is added in additive of the present invention and holds in both hands soil, nano concavo-convex is held in both hands soil and promoted in the whole culture period of straw decomposition
Into the increase of protease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, Soil neutral phosphatase activity, while polyphenol oxidase, mistake can be promoted
The activity of oxide enzyme.Coordinate the floats added, the content of organophosphor in stalk can be increased, make the activity of alkaline phosphatase
Strengthen；The citric acid of addition, it can promote the degradation process of straw decomposition microbial inoculum, and during additive is prepared, by lemon
Acid is adsorbed in nano concavo-convex and holds in both hands on soil, can progressively be separated out during straw degradative, constantly by the difficult complexity decomposed in stalk
Organic cracking, forms small-molecule substance, while will not break the balance of straw decomposition environment again.The present invention is preparing crops
Rapeseed cake powder is selected, available for carbon/nitrogen condition is adjusted, microorganism is preferably sent out as auxiliary nitrogen fertilizer application during straw compost
The effect of waving.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
All other embodiments obtained under the premise of creative work, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of straw decomposition microbial inoculum, the straw decomposition microbial inoculum are blue or green to solve fiber clostridium, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair, horizontally-inclined
The compound of mould, aspergillus niger, in vain light streptomycete, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent, institute
State straw decomposition microbial inoculum composition is by effective bacterium number percentages：Solve fiber clostridium 0.25%, the flat lead fungi 0.2% of yellow spore thickness hair,
Penicillium decumbens 0.12%, aspergillus niger 0.15%, white light streptomycete 0.12%, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 0.12%, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering
0.03%th, bacillus megaterium 0.01%, remaining is accelerating agent；The accelerating agent comprises the following raw materials by weight percent：
Carbonatoapatite 70%, citric acid 10%, nano concavo-convex hold in both hands soil 20%；Carbonatoapatite powder footpath is 100-300 μm.
Above-mentioned straw decomposition microbial inoculum is prepared by following methods：
(1) weigh：Each material is weighed by recipe ratio；
(2) accelerating agent is prepared：Citric acid is added in the water of 35 times of amounts of its quality, the completely rear addition floats of dissolving,
Nano concavo-convex holds in both hands soil, then adds into reaction kettle, opens stirring, and temperature is 50 DEG C, pressure 1.6Mp in reaction kettle, stirring
After 3h, it is dried under reduced pressure, obtains accelerating agent；
(3) mix：Will solution fiber clostridium, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair, penicillium decumbens, aspergillus niger, white light streptomycete, phosphorus decomposing
Bacterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent are added into retort, are stirred evenly, and are dried under reduced pressure, up to straw
Stalk decomposition microbial agent powder.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of straw decomposition microbial inoculum, the straw decomposition microbial inoculum are blue or green to solve fiber clostridium, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair, horizontally-inclined
The compound of mould, aspergillus niger, in vain light streptomycete, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent, institute
State straw decomposition microbial inoculum composition is by effective bacterium number percentages：Solve fiber clostridium 0.22%, the flat lead fungi 0.15% of yellow spore thickness hair,
Penicillium decumbens 0.1%, aspergillus niger 0.1%, white light streptomycete 0.15%, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 0.1%, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering
0.02%th, bacillus megaterium 0.02%, remaining is accelerating agent；The accelerating agent comprises the following raw materials by weight percent：
Hydroxyapatite powder 50%, citric acid 5%, nano concavo-convex hold in both hands soil 45%；Hydroxyapatite powder particle diameter is 100-300 μm.
Above-mentioned straw decomposition microbial inoculum is prepared by following methods：
(1) weigh：Each material is weighed by recipe ratio；
(2) accelerating agent is prepared：Citric acid is added in the water of 20 times of amounts of its quality, the completely rear addition floats of dissolving,
Nano concavo-convex holds in both hands soil, then adds into reaction kettle, opens stirring, and temperature is 60 DEG C, pressure 1.5Mp in reaction kettle, stirring
After 2h, it is dried under reduced pressure, obtains accelerating agent；
(3) mix：Will solution fiber clostridium, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair, penicillium decumbens, aspergillus niger, white light streptomycete, phosphorus decomposing
Bacterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent are added into retort, are stirred evenly, and are dried under reduced pressure, up to straw
Stalk decomposition microbial agent powder.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of straw decomposition microbial inoculum, the straw decomposition microbial inoculum are blue or green to solve fiber clostridium, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair, horizontally-inclined
The compound of mould, aspergillus niger, in vain light streptomycete, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent, institute
State straw decomposition microbial inoculum composition is by effective bacterium number percentages：Solve fiber clostridium 0.15%, the flat lead fungi 0.18% of yellow spore thickness hair,
Penicillium decumbens 0.18%, aspergillus niger 0.16%, white light streptomycete 0.1%, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 0.08%, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering
0.05%th, bacillus megaterium 0.01%, remaining is accelerating agent；The accelerating agent comprises the following raw materials by weight percent：
Hydroxyapatite powder 60%, citric acid 8%, nano concavo-convex hold in both hands soil 32%；Hydroxyapatite powder particle diameter is 100-300 μm.
Above-mentioned straw decomposition microbial inoculum is prepared by following methods：
(1) weigh：Each material is weighed by recipe ratio；
(2) accelerating agent is prepared：Citric acid is added in the water of 30 times of amounts of its quality, the completely rear addition floats of dissolving,
Nano concavo-convex holds in both hands soil, then adds into reaction kettle, opens stirring, and temperature is 55 DEG C, pressure 1.7Mp in reaction kettle, stirring
After 2.5h, it is dried under reduced pressure, obtains accelerating agent；
(3) mix：Will solution fiber clostridium, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair, penicillium decumbens, aspergillus niger, white light streptomycete, phosphorus decomposing
Bacterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent are added into retort, are stirred evenly, and are dried under reduced pressure, up to straw
Stalk decomposition microbial agent powder.
Embodiment 4：
Straw decomposition microbial inoculum in the embodiment of the present invention 1 is applied in wheat stalk compost, specifically used method is：
(1) wheat stalk of harvesting is crushed to 1-2cm；Rapeseed cake powder is added in the stalk of crushing, makes carbon/nitrogen ratio
For 27：1；
(2) 0.8kg straw decomposition microbial inoculums are added into the mixture of stalk per ton and rapeseed cake powder again, are stirred,
Obtain mixture；Mixture is placed in fermentation hole and is fermented, and covers the soil of 15cm thickness；Fermentation hole depth 30cm, wide 100cm, it is long
120cm；
(3) fermentation of 12 days is passed through, stalk is presented black powder i.e. fermentation and completes.
Degradation rate of the wheat stalk compost in fermentation different times is detected, detection every time in triplicate, as a result takes
Its average value.Concrete outcome is as shown in table 1.
The degradation rate of 1 wheat stalk compost of table
| Repeat 1 | Repeat 2 | Repeat 3 | Average value | |
| 5th day degradation rate (%) | 24.6 | 25.1 | 25.2 | 25.0 |
| 12nd day degradation rate (%) | 63.5 | 64.2 | 63.1 | 63.6 |
Embodiment 5：
Straw decomposition microbial inoculum in the embodiment of the present invention 1 is applied in maize straw manure, specifically used method is：
(1) corn stalk powder of harvesting is broken to 2-3cm；Rapeseed cake powder is added in the stalk of crushing, makes carbon/nitrogen ratio
For 24：1；
(2) 1kg straw decomposition microbial inoculums are added into the mixture of stalk per ton and rapeseed cake powder again, is stirred, obtains
Mixture；Mixture is placed in fermentation hole and is fermented, and covers the soil of 10cm thickness；Fermentation hole depth 60cm, wide 60cm, it is long
200cm；
(3) fermentation of 16 days is passed through, stalk is presented black powder i.e. fermentation and completes.
Degradation rate of the maize straw manure in fermentation different times is detected, detection every time in triplicate, as a result takes
Its average value.Concrete outcome is as shown in table 2.
The degradation rate of 2 maize straw manure of table
| Repeat 1 | Repeat 2 | Repeat 3 | Average value | |
| 5th day degradation rate (%) | 19.2 | 19.6 | 18.5 | 19.1 |
| 16th day degradation rate (%) | 65.5 | 65.2 | 64.7 | 65.1 |
Embodiment 6：
Straw decomposition microbial inoculum in the embodiment of the present invention 2 is applied in rice straw compost, specifically used method is：
(1) rice straw of harvesting is crushed to 1-2cm；Rapeseed cake powder is added in the stalk of crushing, makes carbon/nitrogen ratio
For 25：1；
(2) 0.5kg straw decomposition microbial inoculums are added into the mixture of stalk per ton and rapeseed cake powder again, are stirred,
Obtain mixture；Mixture is placed in fermentation hole and is fermented, and covers the soil of 5cm thickness；Fermentation hole depth 40cm, wide 80cm, it is long
150cm；
(3) fermentation of 14 days is passed through, stalk is presented black powder i.e. fermentation and completes.
Degradation rate of the rice straw compost in fermentation different times is detected, detection every time in triplicate, as a result takes
Its average value.Concrete outcome is as shown in table 3.
The degradation rate of 3 rice straw compost of table
| Repeat 1 | Repeat 2 | Repeat 3 | Average value | |
| 5th day degradation rate (%) | 22.3 | 22.8 | 22.1 | 22.4 |
| 14th day degradation rate (%) | 64.2 | 64.8 | 63.9 | 64.3 |
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical solution described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic；And these modification or
Replace, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical solution.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of straw decomposition microbial inoculum, it is characterised in that the straw decomposition microbial inoculum is solution fiber clostridium, yellow spore thickness hair puts down leather
Bacterium, penicillium decumbens, aspergillus niger, white light streptomycete, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent
Compound, the straw decomposition microbial inoculum composition are by effective bacterium number percentages：It is thick to solve fiber clostridium 0.15-0.25%, yellow spore
The flat lead fungi 0.15-0.2% of hair, penicillium decumbens 0.1-0.18%, aspergillus niger 0.1-0.16%, white light streptomycete 0.1-15%,
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria 0.08-0.12%, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering 0.02-0.05%, bacillus megaterium 0.01-0.02%, remaining is rush
Into agent；The accelerating agent comprises the following raw materials by weight percent：Floats 50-70%, citric acid 5-10%, nanometer are recessed
Convex handful soil 20-45%.
2. straw decomposition microbial inoculum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the straw decomposition microbial inoculum is by following methods system
It is standby to obtain：
(1) weigh：Each material is weighed by recipe ratio；
(2) accelerating agent is prepared：Citric acid is added in the water that 20-35 times of its quality is measured, floats are added after dissolving completely, are received
Rice attapulgite, then adds into reaction kettle, opens stirring, and temperature is 50-60 DEG C, pressure 1.5-1.7Mp in reaction kettle,
After stirring 2-3h, it is dried under reduced pressure, obtains accelerating agent；
(3) mix：Will solution fiber clostridium, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore thickness hair, penicillium decumbens, aspergillus niger, white light streptomycete, phosphate solubilizing bacteria,
Bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium and accelerating agent are added into retort, are stirred evenly, and are dried under reduced pressure, up to stalk
Decomposition microbial agent powder.
3. straw decomposition microbial inoculum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the floats are carbonatoapatite powder or hydroxyl
Floats, the particle diameter of the floats is 100-300 μm.
4. according to application of the claim 1-3 any one of them straw decomposition microbial inoculums in decomposition stalk.
5. application according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the straw decomposition microbial inoculum is applied to agricultural crop straw heap
In fertilizer, specifically used method is：
(1) stalk of harvesting is crushed；Rapeseed cake powder is added in the stalk of crushing, it is 24-27 to make carbon/nitrogen ratio：1；
(2) 0.5-1kg straw decomposition microbial inoculums are added into the mixture of stalk per ton and rapeseed cake powder again, is stirred, obtains
Mixture；Mixture is placed in fermentation hole and is fermented, and covers the soil of 5-15cm thickness；
(3) fermentation of 12-16 days is passed through, stalk is presented black powder i.e. fermentation and completes.
6. application according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in the step (1), stalk is crushed to 1-3cm.
7. application according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in the step (2), the fermentation hole depth 30-60cm is wide
60-100cm, long 120-200cm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112358334A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-12 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Vegetable waste decomposing microbial inoculum, use method thereof and prepared organic matrix |
| CN112514749A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Intercropping, interplanting and crop rotation planting method for corn, green manure and potatoes |
| CN115448763A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-12-09 | 黄淮学院 | Microbial agent for degrading waste straws and degradation method |
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