CN113121281A - Rice seedling strengthening agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rice seedling strengthening agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113121281A CN113121281A CN202110427929.2A CN202110427929A CN113121281A CN 113121281 A CN113121281 A CN 113121281A CN 202110427929 A CN202110427929 A CN 202110427929A CN 113121281 A CN113121281 A CN 113121281A
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- strengthening agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention provides a rice seedling strengthening agent and a preparation method thereof, the rice seedling strengthening agent mainly comprises a compound microbial inoculum and an inorganic fertilizer, wherein the compound microbial inoculum mainly comprises trichoderma, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis; the mass ratio of the trichoderma to the bacillus licheniformis to the bacillus subtilis is 1 (0.5-1.5) to 0.5-1.5. The rice seedling strengthening agent of the invention is added with biological organic components, compound microbial agents and other components on the basis of the traditional seedling strengthening agent. Not only can improve the survival rate of seedlings, but also can improve the stress resistance and the yield of crops. The method has important practical significance and agricultural popularization value for solving the problem of environmental pollution, recycling resources and realizing sustainable development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a rice seedling strengthening agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Rice is one of three major food crops, and rice is taken as staple food in half of the global population. China is a large country for planting rice and a large country for consuming rice, the planting area of rice accounts for 25.6% of the total planting area of crops, and the yield accounts for 31.6% of the total yield of grain crops. The rice production is very important in China, and the rice cultivation mode mainly comprises seedling raising and transplanting, so that the cultivation of high-quality rice seedlings is particularly important.
In rice production, the cultivation of strong seedlings is the most important technical link, and is now an important factor for restricting the improvement of yield and quality of rice. The rice seedling strengthening agent is a seedling raising preparation developed according to the physiological and ecological characteristics of crops, has the function of strengthening seedlings, can improve the quality of the seedlings, enhance the stress resistance, increase the seedling rate, shorten the seedling reviving period after the seedlings are transplanted, and lays a good foundation for high yield. The high-quality rice seedling strengthening agent has the functions of obvious seedling strengthening effect, obvious disease prevention effect, seedling stress resistance enhancement, quick green return, more tillering, early heading, yield increase and quality improvement.
The traditional seedling-strengthening agent has single component and has various effects of strengthening seedlings, resisting diseases and resisting stress.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rice seedling strengthening agent, which is added with biological organic components, compound microbial agents and other components on the basis of the traditional seedling strengthening agent. Not only can improve the survival rate of seedlings, but also can improve the stress resistance and the yield of crops. The method has important practical significance and agricultural popularization value for solving the problem of environmental pollution, recycling resources and realizing sustainable development.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the preparation method of the rice seedling strengthening agent, the preparation method is simple to operate, the operation condition is mild, no pollution is caused, no three wastes are discharged, the preparation method is safe and environment-friendly, and the prepared rice seedling strengthening agent has stable effect and longer duration.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
the invention provides a rice seedling strengthening agent which mainly comprises a compound microbial inoculum and an inorganic fertilizer, wherein the compound microbial inoculum mainly comprises trichoderma, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis;
the mass ratio of the trichoderma to the bacillus licheniformis to the bacillus subtilis is 1 (0.5-1.5) to 0.5-1.5.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the trichoderma to the bacillus licheniformis to the bacillus subtilis is 1 (0.7-1.2) to (0.7-1.2).
For the compound microbial inoculum, the trichoderma harzianum has the main functions of dissolving phosphorus and potassium, loosening soil and adjusting rhizosphere soil microbial communities, not only has antagonistic action on various pathogenic bacteria, but also can promote the growth of plants and improve the stress resistance of the plants. The bacillus licheniformis has the characteristics of heat resistance, rich enzyme system, high enzyme yield and safety, and can produce phenylacetic acid antibacterial substances and protease antibacterial substances such as chitinase, antibacterial protein, polypeptide and the like. The bacillus subtilis has the functions of fixing nitrogen, dissolving phosphorus and potassium, improves the disease resistance, drought resistance and cold resistance of crops, increases soil nutrients, improves the soil structure, improves the utilization rate of fertilizers, promotes organic matters in soil to be decomposed into humus, stimulates the growth of the crops, can also secrete some resistant substances, and synergistically achieves the effect of resisting diseases. Therefore, the specific functions of the strains are mutually matched, and the strains can promote the decomposition of organic matters after mutual synergistic action, finally increase the content of organic acids in soil, and promote the growth of seedlings and achieve the effect of disease resistance after secreting some resistant substances.
The specific culture method of each strain in the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
the method for culturing trichoderma harzianum comprises the following steps: respectively inoculating trichoderma harzianum to a PDA culture medium, culturing at 28 ℃ for 3-5 days, and collecting spores; inoculating spore to wheat, culturing at 28 deg.C for 7 days, drying in natural ventilation place, pulverizing, and sieving.
B, culturing the bacillus subtilis: inoculating purified Bacillus subtilis to a 500ml triangular flask containing sterile 200ml spore production culture medium, placing in an air shaking table, and culturing at 30 deg.C for 30h at 200 rpm/min;
the spore-forming culture medium comprises: 3g of yeast powder, 5g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 10g of peptone, 2.5g of ammonium sulfate, 5g of sodium chloride, 2g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1L of constant volume.
B, culturing the bacillus licheniformis: inoculating the purified bacillus licheniformis into a 500ml triangular flask filled with 200ml of sterile seed culture medium, placing the triangular flask in an air shaking table, culturing at 35 ℃ for 18h at 180rpm/min to obtain a seed solution, inoculating the seed solution into a fermentation culture medium at 5% of the inoculation amount, and culturing at 35 ℃ for 30h at 180 rpm/min;
the seed culture medium is as follows: 5g of beef extract, 5g of yeast extract, 10g of peptone, 2.5g of ammonium sulfate, 5g of sodium chloride, 7.5 of pH value and 1L of constant volume.
The fermentation medium is as follows: 15g of glucose, 10g of yeast extract, 3g of magnesium sulfate, 7.5 of pH value and 1L of constant volume.
The proportion of each strain in the composite microbial inoculum needs to be controlled within a proper proportion range, because the compounding proportion of each strain in the composite microbial inoculum also has influence on the content of nutrient substances in the finally obtained rice seedling strengthening agent, in the compound microbial inoculum, trichoderma is taken as a strain which mainly plays a role in the fermentation process, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis are taken as matched strains, and the three strains are matched and compounded with each other to enhance the seedling strengthening effect and the disease resistance effect of seedlings, as the practice shows that the compound proportion can accelerate the growth and the propagation of a large amount of nutrient substances, generate various extracellular enzymes to accelerate the decomposition and the utilization of substances, and the substances which are difficult to decompose at the high temperature stage can also be thoroughly decomposed under the action of the mould, therefore, all microorganisms have synergistic effect to accelerate the fermentation of the materials and finally promote the high-efficiency production of the organic acid.
The composite microbial inoculum can be a liquid microbial inoculum or a solid microbial inoculum, and if the total viable count of the liquid microbial inoculum is 1 multiplied by 108CFU/mL or more, preferably 1X 109CFU/mL or more.
If the total viable count of the solid microbial inoculum is 1 multiplied by 107CFU/g or more, preferably 1X 108CFU/g is higher than the standard.
Preferably, as a further implementable solution, the inorganic fertilizer comprises: by mass, 20-25 parts of ammonium sulfate, 50-60 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 40-60 parts of potassium sulfate and 5-7 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate.
The inorganic fertilizer has high content of effective components, fast decomposition and easy absorption of root system, so that the inorganic fertilizer can be absorbed by seedlings after being compounded with the composite microbial inoculum.
Preferably, as a further implementable scheme, the rice seedling strengthening agent further comprises a synergist, and the synergist comprises any one or a mixture of more of fulvic acid, alginic acid, polyglutamic acid and humic acid.
According to the rice seedling strengthening agent, the synergist is added into the rice seedling strengthening agent, and the fulvic acid, the alginic acid, the polyglutamic acid and the humic acid are compounded, so that the fermentation effect is improved, the growth of the microbial inoculum is promoted, the fermentation time is shortened, the content of the organic acid in the matrix is increased, the growth quality of the rice seedlings can be improved, the proportion of each component needs to be controlled within a certain range, and the fermentation effect cannot be continuously improved under the condition that the optimal fermentation effect is achieved if the synergist is added in a large amount, so that the control within the optimal range is necessary.
Preferably, as a further implementable solution, the synergist consists of fulvic acid, alginic acid, polyglutamic acid and humic acid.
Preferably, as a further implementable scheme, the rice seedling strengthening agent further comprises astragalus polysaccharide, wherein the astragalus polysaccharide accounts for 0.5-5 wt% of the mass of the rice seedling strengthening agent. The astragalus polysaccharide is added to improve the immunity of seedlings and improve the growth quality of the seedlings by cooperating with other components, in a word, the seedling strengthening agent achieves good effect of promoting the growth of the seedlings by matching various components, and the composite microbial inoculum is used as a main component and the inorganic fertilizer and the synergist are used as the auxiliary components, so that the effect of the seedling strengthening agent is improved.
Preferably, as a further implementable scheme, the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 5-10 wt% of the mass of the rice seedling strengthening agent.
Preferably, as a further practicable scheme, the synergist accounts for 12-16 wt% of the mass of the rice seedling strengthening agent.
In addition, the invention provides a preparation method of the rice seedling strengthening agent, which comprises the following steps:
adding the inorganic fertilizer into the composite microbial inoculum, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding other raw materials.
Preferably, as a further implementable scheme, the compound microbial inoculum is added with the inorganic fertilizer, stirred and mixed uniformly, and then the synergist and the astragalus polysaccharide are sequentially added.
By optimizing various parameters involved in the whole preparation method, the fermentation effect is improved, and the quality of the rice seedling strengthening agent is further improved.
The preparation method of the rice seedling strengthening agent is simple to operate, the operation conditions are mild, and the prepared product is good in quality and high in organic matter content.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the rice seedling strengthening agent is added with astragalus polysaccharide which is an effective component extracted from astragalus and is an immunopotentiator, so that the nucleic acid metabolic activity can be improved, the cell division process is accelerated, and the cell metabolic function is enhanced;
(2) the compound microbial inoculum is added into the rice seedling strengthening agent, so that the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be improved, the growth of plants is promoted, and the stress resistance of the plants is improved;
(3) the synergist is added in the fermentation process, and has multiple effects of preventing and resisting diseases, improving soil activity, promoting soil health and improving soil.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
The preparation method of the rice seedling strengthening agent comprises the following steps:
1) culturing trichoderma harzianum: inoculating Trichoderma harzianum into PDA culture medium, culturing at 28 deg.C for 3-5 days, and collecting spores; inoculating spores onto wheat grains, culturing at 28 deg.C for 7 days, naturally drying in the shade, and pulverizing the wheat grains for use;
2) b, culturing the bacillus subtilis: 3g of yeast powder, 5g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 10g of peptone, 2.5g of ammonium sulfate, 5g of sodium chloride and 2g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and the volume is 1L. After sterilization, inoculating the purified bacillus subtilis into a 500ml triangular flask filled with a sterile 200ml spore production culture medium, and culturing for 30h at the temperature of 30 ℃ at 200 rpm/min;
3) b, culturing the bacillus licheniformis: preparing a seed culture medium by using 5g of beef extract, 5g of yeast extract, 10g of peptone, 2.5g of ammonium sulfate, 5g of sodium chloride, a pH value of 7.5 and a constant volume of 1L. 15g of glucose, 10g of yeast extract, 3g of magnesium sulfate, 7.5 of pH value and 1L of constant volume are prepared into a fermentation medium. Inoculating the purified bacillus licheniformis into a 500ml triangular flask filled with 200ml of sterile seed culture medium, placing the triangular flask in an air shaking table, culturing at 35 ℃ for 18h at 180rpm/min to obtain a seed solution, inoculating the seed solution into a fermentation culture medium at 5% of the inoculation amount, and culturing at 35 ℃ for 30h at 180 rpm/min;
4) mixing inorganic fertilizers according to a certain mass part, and mixing 25 parts of ammonium sulfate, 60 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 40 parts of potassium sulfate and 7 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate;
5) adding 16 wt% of synergist (the synergist comprises fulvic acid, alginic acid, polyglutamic acid and humic acid in a mass ratio of 110:8:1:60), and stirring;
6) fully mixing the cultured strains, the trichoderma harzianum, the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus subtilis according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:0.5 to form a composite microbial agent, wherein the total viable count is 1 multiplied by 107CFU/g is above;
7) adding the composite microbial inoculum into the raw materials added with the synergist in the step 5) according to the mass ratio of 5 wt%, adding astragalus polysaccharide with the mass ratio of 5%, and fully and uniformly mixing, wherein all mass percentages are based on the total mass of the final rice seedling strengthening agent.
8) The prepared rice seedling strengthening agent is applied to rice seedling raising, and the application dose is 2g/m2。
Example 2
The specific operation steps are the same as those in example 1, except that: mixing Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis at a mass ratio of 1:0.5: 1.5.
Example 3
The specific operation steps are the same as those in example 1, except that: the trichoderma harzianum, the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus subtilis are fully mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.7:1.2, and the composite microbial inoculum is added according to the mass ratio of 10 wt%.
Example 4
The specific operation steps are the same as those in example 1, except that: the trichoderma harzianum, the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus subtilis are fully mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2:0.7, and the composite microbial inoculum is added according to the mass ratio of 8 wt%.
Example 5
The specific operation steps are the same as those in example 1, except that: mixing the inorganic fertilizer according to the following parts by weight: 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 50 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 60 parts of potassium sulfate and 5 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate.
Example 6
The specific operation steps are the same as those of example 1, except that 12 wt% of synergist is added, wherein the synergist comprises fulvic acid, alginic acid, polyglutamic acid and humic acid in a mass ratio of 140:5:1: 80.
Example 7
The specific operation steps are the same as those of example 1, except that 14 wt% of synergist is added, wherein the synergist comprises fulvic acid, alginic acid, polyglutamic acid and humic acid in a mass ratio of 120:6:1: 70.
Example 8
The specific operation steps are the same as those in example 1, except that: the weight percentage of the added astragalus polysaccharide is 0.5 wt%.
Example 9
The specific operation steps are the same as those in example 1, except that: the mass percent of the added astragalus polysaccharide is 2 wt%.
Example 10
The specific operation steps are the same as those in example 1, except that: no astragalus polysaccharides are added.
Comparative example 1
The specific operation steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1, but the compound microbial inoculum is one less trichoderma, and the mass ratio of other strains is unchanged.
Comparative example 2
The specific operation steps are the same as those in example 1, except that: trichoderma was replaced with yeast.
Comparative example 3
The specific operation steps are the same as those in example 1, except that: mixing Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis at a mass ratio of 1:0.2: 2.
Comparative example 4
And in blank test, no rice seedling strengthening agent is applied.
Experimental example 1
The results of the field application tests of examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 4 of the present invention in Wuchanglixiang, Tailai Daxing town, Zhaoyuan Daxian village and Atlantic Asia ditch were compared, and the plant height, root length, root age, leaf age, dry weight and filling degree of the plants on the ground were measured, and the specific results are shown in the following tables 1 to 4:
table 1 questionnaire for promoting growth (Wuchang folk happy village)
TABLE 2 questionnaire for growth promotion (Tailai Daxing town)
TABLE 3 questionnaire for growth promotion (Zhaoyuan big depression and village)
TABLE 4 questionnaire for growth promotion (Athenic Asia ditch)
As can be seen from the results in tables 1 to 4, the seedling strengthening agent of the invention is superior to the seedling strengthening agent of the comparative example in the aspects of promoting the growth of plants, the development of root systems, the degree of filling, the dry weight of all plants on the ground and the like, and fully shows that the seedling strengthening agent of the rice prepared by adopting the formula of the invention has the functions of promoting the growth of seedlings and improving the quality of the seedlings.
Experimental example 2
The results obtained by performing field application tests on the examples 1 to 10 and the comparative examples 1 to 4 of the present invention in Wuchanglixiang, Tailai Daxing town, Zhaoyuan Daxian village and Atlantic Asia ditch are compared, and the incidence of rice damping-off of the plants is counted, wherein the specific results are shown in the following table 5:
table 5 questionnaire for promoting growth (Wuchang folk happy village)
As can be seen from the above Table 5, the seedling-strengthening agent for rice of the present invention has better effects of resistance to stress and disease than the seedling-strengthening agent of the comparative example.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rice seedling strengthening agent is characterized by mainly comprising a compound microbial inoculum and an inorganic fertilizer, wherein the compound microbial inoculum mainly comprises trichoderma, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis;
the mass ratio of the trichoderma to the bacillus licheniformis to the bacillus subtilis is 1 (0.5-1.5) to 0.5-1.5.
2. The rice seedling-strengthening agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the trichoderma to the bacillus licheniformis to the bacillus subtilis is 1 (0.7-1.2) to (0.7-1.2).
3. The rice seedling strengthening agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inorganic fertilizer comprises: by mass, 20-25 parts of ammonium sulfate, 50-60 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 40-60 parts of potassium sulfate and 5-7 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate.
4. The rice seedling strengthening agent as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a synergist, wherein the synergist comprises any one or a mixture of fulvic acid, alginic acid, polyglutamic acid and humic acid.
5. The rice seedling strengthening agent as claimed in claim 4, wherein the synergist is composed of fulvic acid, alginic acid, polyglutamic acid and humic acid;
preferably, the mass ratio of the fulvic acid, the alginic acid, the polyglutamic acid and the humic acid is (110-140): (5-8):1 (60-80).
6. The rice seedling strengthening agent as claimed in claim 1, further comprising astragalus polysaccharides, wherein the astragalus polysaccharides account for 0.5-5 wt% of the mass of the rice seedling strengthening agent.
7. The rice seedling strengthening agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 5-10 wt% of the mass of the rice seedling strengthening agent.
8. The rice seedling strengthening agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the synergist accounts for 12-16 wt% of the weight of the rice seedling strengthening agent.
9. The method for preparing a rice seedling-strengthening agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
adding the inorganic fertilizer into the composite microbial inoculum, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding other raw materials.
10. The preparation method according to claim 9, wherein the inorganic fertilizer is added to the composite microbial inoculum, and after the inorganic fertilizer is uniformly stirred and mixed, the synergist and the astragalus polysaccharide are sequentially added.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113979797A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-01-28 | 海南大学 | Microbial fermentation fertilizer for adjusting crop resistance |
| CN114804958A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-07-29 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Novel rice seedbed seedling strengthening agent |
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| CN105850994A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-17 | 广西南宁益土生物科技有限责任公司 | Pesticide granules containing probenazole and astragalus polysaccharide |
| CN108069779A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-25 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Strong seedling agent, preparation method and application |
| CN108147904A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-06-12 | 朱林 | A kind of rice nursery substrate and preparation method thereof |
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2021
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105850994A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-17 | 广西南宁益土生物科技有限责任公司 | Pesticide granules containing probenazole and astragalus polysaccharide |
| CN108069779A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-25 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Strong seedling agent, preparation method and application |
| CN108147904A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-06-12 | 朱林 | A kind of rice nursery substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113979797A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-01-28 | 海南大学 | Microbial fermentation fertilizer for adjusting crop resistance |
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Application publication date: 20210716 |