CN107980577A - A kind of strawberry soilless culture substrate and production method - Google Patents
A kind of strawberry soilless culture substrate and production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107980577A CN107980577A CN201711380821.2A CN201711380821A CN107980577A CN 107980577 A CN107980577 A CN 107980577A CN 201711380821 A CN201711380821 A CN 201711380821A CN 107980577 A CN107980577 A CN 107980577A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of strawberry soilless culture substrate, which is made of mushroom slag, acid-sludge, the mixed material of manioc waste and carbon chaff or plant ash, coconut palm chaff wet feed and the vermiculite handled through high temperature quick rotting agent fermentation maturity, it is characterised in that：The matrix in terms of parts by volume, consisting of：Mushroom slag, acid-sludge, 35 parts of the mixed fermentation material of manioc waste；12 parts of carbon chaff or plant ash；13 parts of coconut palm chaff wet feed；12 parts of vermiculite；In addition composite fertilizer and 0.1 0.3% synergist of gross weight 0.3 0.6% are added；The matrix is that appearance is in sepia or filemot granular solids, free from extraneous odour.The production method of the matrix has the working process of raw material, organic materials fermentation process, mixing, adjustment physical and chemical index and quantitative package.Strawberry soilless culture substrate produced by the invention, quality is loose, nutrient content enriches, the content of organic matter is high, it is nontoxic, without weed seed, contain beneficial microbe colony, it is possible to increase strawberry disease resistance, can be widely applied to the soilless cultures such as groove cultivation, the plastic bag cultivation of strawberry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant nutrient matrix and production method, more particularly to a kind of strawberry soilless culture substrate and
Production method, belongs to technical field of strawberry cultivation.
Background technology
Strawberry is rose family herbaceos perennial, and plant height about 30cm or so, fibrous root, is distributed shallow.At present, China strawberry is big
Part uses soil Root growth, thus soil-borne disease and continuous cropping obstacle become the bottleneck of strawberry development, and transition medication, can influence
Strawberry quality.Protecting field soilless culture is promoted, soil-borne disease insect pest and continuous cropping obstacle is being overcome, is reducing pesticide dosage, produce no public affairs
Evil fruit etc. has the unrivaled superiority of soil cultivation, is greatly improved the commodity rate of strawberry fruit, can realize
It is high yield, high-quality and efficient.
Strawberry cultivating success or not, cultivation matrix are one of key factors, and good matrix can just cultivate high yield, good
Strawberry.On May 27th, 2015, Chinese patent CN 104641902A disclosed Ma ' anshan City and the county Xiushan Mountain beauteously agriculture section
Skill Co., Ltd《A kind of strawberry cultivation substrate》Patent application, and specifically disclose the matrix by 30-35 parts of tobacco stems, saw
4-6 parts of 40-45 parts last, 40-45 parts of bottom of pond mud, 20-25 parts of river sand, radix glycyrrhizae compositions；On 2 1st, 2017 Chinese patent CN
Disclosed in 106358816 A《A kind of strawberry cultivation substrate》In Patent Application Publication, specifically disclose containing riverway sludge 25~50
Part, 15~25 parts of straw powder, 1~3 part of urea, 8~10 parts of yeast residue, 1~2 part of mineral ashes, porous materials 5~10
Part, the strawberry cultivation substrate that 3~5 parts of composite fertilizer.
In conclusion existing country's strawberry cultivation substrate is mainly with tobacco stems, sawdust, straw powder, riverway sludge and river sand
Deng being used as base starting material.However, tobacco stems is not everywhere to have, there is region limitation；Straw powder, which exists, collects processing difficulties
The deficiencies of, it is difficult to meet the needs of factory culture.And there is substantial amounts of mushroom slag in factory culture edible mushroom enterprise both at home and abroad, alcohol
There are substantial amounts of manioc waste and coconut palm chaff in extraction enterprise and coconut milk manufacturing and processing enterprise, these industrial solid castoff contents of organic matter
Compare it is abundant, but utilization ways be not very extensively, literature search find, the country using mushroom slag, manioc waste, coconut palm chaff production vegetables,
Stock growing and seedling medium are it has been reported that and the cultivated strawberry base with mushroom slag, manioc waste, coconut palm chaff etc. for main material production
Matter, the country is there is not yet relevant report.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of mixed fermentation with mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste
Material and coconut palm chaff are primary raw material, and production nutrient enriches, the technical solution of the good strawberry soilless culture substrate of physicochemical property.
It is a further object to provide a kind of technical solution of strawberry soilless culture substrate production method.
The technical scheme is that be accomplished by the following way：
A kind of strawberry soilless culture substrate, by handled through high temperature quick rotting agent fermentation maturity mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste mixture
Material is formed with carbon chaff or plant ash, coconut palm chaff wet feed and vermiculite, it is characterised in that：The matrix in terms of parts by volume, consisting of：
Mushroom slag, acid-sludge, 3-5 parts of the mixed fermentation material of manioc waste
1-2 parts of carbon chaff or plant ash
1-3 parts of coconut palm chaff wet feed
1-2 parts of vermiculite
In addition the composite fertilizer of gross weight 0.3-0. 6% and the synergist of 0.1-0. 3% are added；
The matrix physical and chemical index is：Total nutrient content 3-5%, effective N, P, K content 4.5-10g/kg, dry matter 0.3-
0.55g/cm3, total porosity 60-70%, unit weight 0.3-0.55g/ml, particle diameter≤5mm, content of organic matter 35-45% in butt matter,
EC value 1.5-2.5mS/cm, gas-water ratio 1：2-3, pH 5.5-7.0；The matrix is that appearance is in sepia or filemot particle
Shape half-dry type solid, free from extraneous odour.
The mushroom slag is the mixing mushroom slag of needle mushroom, Pleurotus eryngii mushroom slag or needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii, water content 45-60%,
PH is 5.5-7.5, EC values 2.5-3.5mS/cm；The acid-sludge is the leftover bits and pieces of Zhi Cu enterprises, water content 50-65%, pH 5.0-
6.5, EC value 2.5-3.5mS/cm；The manioc waste is the leftover bits and pieces after cassava materials extraction alcohol, then is produced through anaerobic fermentation
The residue formed after biogas, water content 55-65%, pH 5.5-7.0, EC value 2-3.5mS/cm.
The carbon chaff is the bran particulate matter that the irregular material left after combusting rice hull is carbonized is formed through broken, sieving
Material, particle diameter 0.5-2mm；The coconut palm chaff is domestic or import coconut palm chaff, using wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%,
Diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
The composite fertilizer is 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers；The synergist is containing mineral calcium, magnesium, sulphur and micro member
Plain sheet, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, boron, silicon, 1000 times of aqueous solutions of selenium.
The total nutrient is N+P2O5+K2O。
The matrix formulations volume ratio is：Mushroom slag, acid-sludge, 4 parts of manioc waste mixed fermentation material, 2 parts of coconut palm chaff；Carbon chaff or vegetation
1 part of ash, 2 parts of vermiculite；In addition composite fertilizer and 0.2% synergist of gross weight 0.4% are added.
The matrix total nutrient content 5%, effective N, P, K content 10g/kg, dry matter 0.45g/cm3, total porosity 65%, holds
Weight 0.34g/ml, particle diameter 2-4mm, the content of organic matter 38% in butt matter, EC value 1.85mS/cm, gas-water ratio 1：2.5, pH are
6.5；The matrix is that appearance is in sepia or filemot graininess half-dry type solid, free from extraneous odour.
A kind of production method of strawberry soilless culture substrate, it is characterised in that：Making step is as follows：
1）The working process of raw material
1. the mushroom slag in raw material is broken into the particulate matter of particle diameter≤5mm；Manioc waste is dried, crushed respectively；
2. acid-sludge water content is dried to 40-50%；
3. the granule materials for charcoal chaff or plant ash being crushed, being screened into particle diameter 0.5-2mm are spare；
4. coconut palm chaff is used into wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm；
2）The fermentation process of organic materials：After mushroom slag in raw material, acid-sludge, manioc waste are mixed by formula rate, using high temperature
Quick rotting agent carries out fermentation reactor system decomposed processing 30-60 days, after organic materials is fully decomposed, is crushed, is dry, sieving obtains
Fermentation materials；In the fermentation materials, mushroom slag accounts for 40-60%, acid-sludge 20-30%, manioc waste 20-30%；
3）It is mixed：By step 2）Obtained fermentation materials and step 1）3.-charcoal chaff, the coconut palm chaff wet feed 4. obtained uniformly mixes
Stirring, adds vermiculite, composite fertilizer and synergist, and uniform stirring forms matrix semi-finished product；
4）Measure, adjustment physical and chemical index：The physical and chemical index of measure, adjustment matrix, makes water content, total porosity, unit weight, air water
Than, EC values, pH indexs meet desired value described in claim 1；
5）Quantitative package：The rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance made quantitatively is loaded into packaging bag, every bag of charge weight 25L or 50L.
The high temperature quick rotting agent is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount
Hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1, wherein actinomyces account for 40-60%；High temperature quick rotting agent dosage is that high temperature speed corruption is added per 100m3 mixtures
Agent 15-20kg.
The mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste mixed material fermentation maturity processing composting time are 45 days.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, the present invention mixes the thin manioc waste of quality with mushroom slag, the acid-sludge ventilated according to the growth and development characteristic of Strawberry Seedlings
After fermentation, coordinate with coconut palm chaff, carbon chaff etc., can not only adjust the acid-base value of matrix, and have abundant trace element, be well suited for grass
The growth and development of the certain kind of berries.
2nd, mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste etc. are all industrial organic wastes, and quantity is more, and purposes is few, for producing strawberry without soil
Cultivation matrix, it is possible to reduce environmental pollution, turns waste into wealth, and turns harm into good.
3rd, strawberry soilless culture substrate produced by the invention, quality is loose, nutrient content enriches, and the content of organic matter is high, nothing
Poison it is harmless, without weed seed, contain beneficial microbe colony, it is possible to increase strawberry disease resistance, can be widely applied to
The soilless cultures such as the groove cultivation of strawberry, plastic bag cultivation.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that the embodiment be merely to illustrate the present invention and
It is not used in and limits the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, various of equal value shapes of the those skilled in the art to the present invention
The modification of formula falls within the application appended claims limited range.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of strawberry soilless culture substrate, by handled through high temperature quick rotting agent fermentation maturity mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste mixture
Material is formed with carbon chaff or plant ash, coconut palm chaff wet feed and vermiculite, the matrix in terms of parts by volume, consisting of：Mushroom slag, acid-sludge, cassava
1 part of 4 parts of slag mixed fermentation material, 2 parts of coconut palm chaff, carbon chaff or plant ash, 2 parts of vermiculite；In addition the 15-15- of gross weight 0.5% is added
15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, 0.2% containing mineral calcium, magnesium, sulphur and trace elements iron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, boron, silicon, selenium 1000
The synergist of times aqueous solution.
Finished substrate physical and chemical index is：N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient contents 5%, effective N, P, K content 10g/kg, dry matter
0.45g/cm3, total porosity 65%, unit weight 0.34g/ml, particle diameter 2-4mm, the content of organic matter 38% in butt matter, EC values
1.85mS/cm, gas-water ratio 1：2.5, pH 6.5；The matrix is that appearance is in filemot graininess half-dry type solid, is no different
Taste.
Mushroom slag is gloomy cyclopentadienyl（Jiangsu）The leftover bits and pieces of biotechnology edible mushroom Co., Ltd factory culture needle mushroom, water content
45-60%, pH 5.5-7.5, EC value 2.5-3.5mS/cm；Acid-sludge is Zhenjiang perseverance along the leftover bits and pieces of vinegar industry vinegar, water content 50-
65%, pH 5.0-6.5, EC value 2.5-3.5mS/cm；Manioc waste is under Zhenjiang Alcohol Plant is utilized after cassava materials extraction alcohol
Heel, then the residue formed after anaerobic fermentation produces biogas, water content 55-65%, pH 5.5-7.0, EC value 2-3.5mS/
cm。
Carbon chaff is the irregular material left after one enterprise of Zhenjiang Dantu is carbonized using combusting rice hull through broken, sieving shape
Into bran granule materials, particle diameter 0.5-2mm；Coconut palm chaff wet feed is import coconut palm chaff, using wet expansion working process, water content
50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
A kind of production method of strawberry soilless culture substrate, its making step are as follows：
1）The working process of raw material
1. the mushroom slag in raw material is broken into the particulate matter of particle diameter≤5mm；Manioc waste is dried, crushed respectively；
2. acid-sludge water content is dried to 40-50%；
3. the granule materials for charcoal chaff or plant ash being crushed, being screened into particle diameter 0.5-2mm are spare；
4. coconut palm chaff is used into wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
2）The fermentation process of organic materials：Mushroom slag in raw material, acid-sludge, manioc waste are pressed 50：25：25 ratio mixing
Afterwards, the decomposed processing of fermentation reactor system 45 days is carried out using high temperature quick rotting agent, after organic materials is fully decomposed, is crushed, is dry,
Sieving obtains fermentation materials.
3）It is mixed：By step 2）Obtained fermentation materials and step 1）3.-the charcoal chaff, the coconut palm chaff wet feed that 4. obtain are uniform
It is mixed, adds vermiculite, composite fertilizer and synergist, uniform stirring forms matrix semi-finished product；
4）Measure, adjustment physical and chemical index：The physical and chemical index of measure, adjustment matrix, makes water content, total porosity, unit weight, air water
Than, EC values, pH indexs meet desired value described in claim 1；
5）Quantitative package：The rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance made quantitatively is loaded into packaging bag, every bag of charge weight 25L or 50L.
High temperature quick rotting agent is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount 0.5-1 hundred million
A units/gram, wherein actinomyces account for 40-60%；High temperature quick rotting agent dosage is to add high temperature quick rotting agent 18kg per 100m3 mixtures.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of strawberry soilless culture substrate, by handled through high temperature quick rotting agent fermentation maturity mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste mixture
Material is formed with carbon chaff or plant ash, coconut palm chaff wet feed and vermiculite, the matrix in terms of parts by volume, consisting of：Mushroom slag, acid-sludge, cassava
5 parts of the mixed fermentation material of slag；2 parts of carbon chaff or plant ash；3 parts of coconut palm chaff wet feed；2 parts of vermiculite；In addition gross weight 0. 6% is added
15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers；0.3% containing mineral calcium, magnesium, sulphur and trace elements iron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, boron, silicon, selenium
1000 times of aqueous solutions synergist.
Finished substrate physical and chemical index is：N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient contents 4%, effective N, P, K content 7g/kg, dry matter
0.55g/cm3, total porosity 60%, unit weight 0.55g/ml, particle diameter 2-4mm, the content of organic matter 45% in butt matter, EC values 2.5mS/
Cm, gas-water ratio 1：3, pH 7.0；The matrix be appearance be in sepia granular solids, free from extraneous odour.
Mushroom slag produces the leftover bits and pieces of Pleurotus eryngii, water content 45%, pH 5.5-7.5, EC values 2.5- for one, Zhenjiang enterprise
3.5mS/cm；Acid-sludge is Zhenjiang perseverance along the leftover bits and pieces of vinegar industry vinegar, water content 50-65%, pH 5.0-6.5, EC value 2.5-
3.5mS/cm；Manioc waste is that Zhenjiang Alcohol Plant produces natural pond using the leftover bits and pieces after cassava materials extraction alcohol, then through anaerobic fermentation
The residue formed after gas, water content 55-65%, pH 5.5-7.0, EC value 2-3.5mS/cm.
Carbon chaff is the irregular material left after one enterprise of Zhenjiang Dantu is carbonized using combusting rice hull through broken, sieving shape
Into bran granule materials, particle diameter 0.5-2mm；Coconut palm chaff wet feed is domestic coconut palm chaff, using wet expansion working process, water content
50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
A kind of production method of strawberry soilless culture substrate, its making step are as follows：
1）The working process of raw material
1. the mushroom slag in raw material is broken into the particulate matter of particle diameter≤5mm；Manioc waste is dried, crushed respectively；
2. acid-sludge water content is dried to 40-50%；
3. the granule materials for charcoal chaff or plant ash being crushed, being screened into particle diameter 0.5-2mm are spare；
4. coconut palm chaff is used into wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
2）The fermentation process of organic materials：Mushroom slag in raw material, acid-sludge, manioc waste are pressed 60：20：20 ratio mixing
Afterwards, the decomposed processing of fermentation reactor system 30 days is carried out using high temperature quick rotting agent, after organic materials is fully decomposed, is crushed, is dry,
Sieving obtains fermentation materials.
3）It is mixed：By step 2）Obtained fermentation materials and step 1）3.-the charcoal chaff, the coconut palm chaff wet feed that 4. obtain are uniform
It is mixed, adds vermiculite, composite fertilizer and synergist, uniform stirring forms matrix semi-finished product；
4）Measure, adjustment physical and chemical index：The physical and chemical index of measure, adjustment matrix, makes water content, total porosity, unit weight, air water
Than, EC values, pH indexs meet desired value described in claim 1；
5）Quantitative package：The rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance made quantitatively is loaded into packaging bag, every bag of charge weight 25L or 50L.
High temperature quick rotting agent is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount 0.5-1 hundred million
A units/gram, wherein actinomyces account for 40-60%；High temperature quick rotting agent dosage is to add high temperature quick rotting agent 20kg per 100m3 mixtures.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of strawberry soilless culture substrate, by handled through high temperature quick rotting agent fermentation maturity mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste mixture
Material is formed with carbon chaff or plant ash, coconut palm chaff wet feed and vermiculite, it is characterised in that：The matrix in terms of parts by volume, consisting of：Mushroom
Slag, acid-sludge, 3 parts of the mixed fermentation material of manioc waste；1 part of carbon chaff or plant ash；1 part of coconut palm chaff wet feed；1 part of vermiculite；In addition add
The 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers of gross weight 0.3%；0.1% containing mineral calcium, magnesium, sulphur and trace elements iron, manganese, zinc, copper,
Molybdenum, boron, silicon, selenium 1000 times of aqueous solutions synergist.
Finished substrate physical and chemical index is：N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient contents 3%, effective N, P, K content 4.5g/kg, dry matter
0.3g/cm3, total porosity 60%, unit weight 0.30g/ml, particle diameter 0-5mm, the content of organic matter 35% in butt matter, 1. 5mS/ of EC values
Cm, gas-water ratio 1：2, pH 5.5；The matrix be appearance be in dark brown granular solids, free from extraneous odour.
Mushroom slag is the mixing mushroom slag of needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii, water content 55%, pH 5.5-7.5, EC values 3.0mS/cm；Institute
State the leftover bits and pieces that acid-sludge is Zhi Cu enterprises, water content 50-65%, pH 5.0-6.5, EC value 2.5-3.5mS/cm；The manioc waste
It is that cassava materials extract the leftover bits and pieces after alcohol, then the residue formed after anaerobic fermentation produces biogas, water content 55-65%, pH
For 5.5-7.0, EC values 2-3.5mS/cm.
Carbon chaff is that the irregular material warp left after combusting rice hull is carbonized is broken, sieve the bran granule materials formed, grain
Footpath 0.5-2mm；The coconut palm chaff is domestic or import coconut palm chaff, using wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤
2mm, length≤5mm.
A kind of production method of strawberry soilless culture substrate, its making step are as follows：
1）The working process of raw material
1. the mushroom slag in raw material is broken into the particulate matter of particle diameter≤5mm；Manioc waste is dried, crushed respectively；
2. acid-sludge water content is dried to 40-50%；
3. the granule materials for charcoal chaff or plant ash being crushed, being screened into particle diameter 0.5-2mm are spare；
4. coconut palm chaff is used into wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
2）The fermentation process of organic materials：Mushroom slag in raw material, acid-sludge, manioc waste are pressed 40：30：30 ratio mixing
Afterwards, the decomposed processing of fermentation reactor system 60 days is carried out using high temperature quick rotting agent, after organic materials is fully decomposed, is crushed, is dry,
Sieving obtains fermentation materials.
3）It is mixed：By step 2）Obtained fermentation materials and step 1）3.-the charcoal chaff, the coconut palm chaff wet feed that 4. obtain are uniform
It is mixed, adds vermiculite, composite fertilizer and synergist, uniform stirring forms matrix semi-finished product；
4）Measure, adjustment physical and chemical index：The physical and chemical index of measure, adjustment matrix, makes water content, total porosity, unit weight, air water
Than, EC values, pH indexs meet desired value described in claim 1；
5）Quantitative package：The rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance made quantitatively is loaded into packaging bag, every bag of charge weight 25L or 50L.
High temperature quick rotting agent is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount 0.5-1 hundred million
A units/gram, wherein actinomyces account for 40-60%；High temperature quick rotting agent dosage is to add high temperature quick rotting agent 15kg per 100m3 mixtures.
A kind of strawberry soilless culture substrate prepared by embodiment 1 is total to other 2 kinds of strawberry cultivation substrates that in the market is bought
With cultivated strawberry is used for, contrast test effect is as follows：
Kind：Hong Jia
Cultivating facility：Vinyl house, strawberry high-level cultivating bed.
Planting type：Soilless culture
Planting time：In August, 2015 in May, -2016.
Select seedling：Selection tissue culture detoxification original seed generation strong sprout is strawberry seedling, cultivates the flowerpot to 2-3L capacity March
In, the breeding of Original Strawberry seedling is carried out, until when Pot-strawberry original seed seedling enters reproductive stage and stolon occurs, selection
Well developed root system, leaf color is dark green, disease-free spot, and the high-quality healthy original seed seedling of rhizome 2-5cm carries out the breeding of cultivated strawberry seedling.
Numerous seedling：After the processing that carries out disinfection to hole tray in 1~2 day before field planting, embodiment 1 and the strawberry matrix of contrast are adjusted
Spread respectively in hole tray after corresponding water content, make real pressing.Then the sprout of Original Strawberry seedling stolon is pressed into hole tray one by one
Kong Zhong, sprout are fixed in matrix with geometrical clamp, it is taken root as early as possible, breed into independent individual, treat the grass of stolon breeding
The certain kind of berries height of seedling 6-8cm, rhizome 1cm or so simultaneously have more than 10 white root systems, and 4-7 pieces expansion leaf, when more than Weight per plant 30g can move
Plant, 30-60 plants of Strawberry Seedlings can be bred per basin original seed seedling.
Field planting：Load cultivating bag or cultivation bed after strawberry matrix is adjusted moisture, it is fixed with 40-50cm spacing in the rows transplant
Plant, pour root water, then watering daily, until surviving, into strawberry daily management.
The Strawberry Seedlings physical signs of different strawberry cultivation substrate breedings is shown in Table 1
| Matrix source | Plant height（cm） | Weight per plant (g) | The number of sheets is unfolded | Leaf color | Rhizome（cm） | White root (bar) | Health status |
| Ck1 | 8.0 | 29.3 | 5.9 | It is light green | 0.9 | 11.6 | No disease and pests harm |
| Ck2 | 8.1 | 29.7 | 6.2 | It is light green | 1.0 | 12.1 | No disease and pests harm |
| Embodiment 1 | 8.5 | 30.3 | 6.5 | It is dark green | 1.1 | 12.6 | No disease and pests harm |
Table 1 can be seen that strawberry soilless culture substrate prepared by embodiment 1, most of indexs are all slightly above other matrix, test table
It is bright, the specific good using effect of strawberry soilless culture substrate of the invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. strawberry soilless culture substrate, by the mixing of the mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste that are handled through high temperature quick rotting agent fermentation maturity Material is formed with carbon chaff or plant ash, coconut palm chaff wet feed and vermiculite, it is characterised in that：The matrix in terms of parts by volume, consisting of：Mushroom slag, acid-sludge, 3-5 parts of the mixed fermentation material of manioc waste1-2 parts of carbon chaff or plant ash1-3 parts of coconut palm chaff wet feed1-2 parts of vermiculiteIn addition the composite fertilizer of gross weight 0.3-0. 6% and the synergist of 0.1-0. 3% are added；The matrix physical and chemical index is：Total nutrient content 3-5%, effective N, P, K content 4.5-10g/kg, dry matter 0.3- 0.55g/cm3, total porosity 60-70%, unit weight 0.3-0.55g/ml, particle diameter≤5mm, content of organic matter 35-45% in butt matter, EC value 1.5-2.5mS/cm, gas-water ratio 1：2-3, pH 5.5-7.0；The matrix is that appearance is in sepia or filemot particle Shape half-dry type solid, free from extraneous odour.
- A kind of 2. strawberry soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mushroom slag is needle mushroom, apricot Bao The mixing mushroom slag of mushroom mushroom slag or needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii, water content 45-60%, pH 5.5-7.5, EC value 2.5-3.5mS/cm； The acid-sludge is the leftover bits and pieces of Zhi Cu enterprises, water content 50-65%, pH 5.0-6.5, EC value 2.5-3.5mS/cm；The cassava Slag is the leftover bits and pieces after cassava materials extraction alcohol, then the residue that is formed after anaerobic fermentation produces biogas, water content 55-65%, PH is 5.5-7.0, EC values 2-3.5mS/cm.
- A kind of 3. strawberry soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The carbon chaff is combusting rice hull carbonization The bran granule materials that the irregular material left afterwards is formed through broken, sieving, particle diameter 0.5-2mm；The coconut palm chaff to be domestic or Person's import coconut palm chaff, using wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
- A kind of 4. strawberry soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The composite fertilizer is 15-15-15 nitrogen Phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer；The synergist is containing mineral calcium, magnesium, sulphur and trace elements iron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, boron, silicon, selenium 1000 times of aqueous solutions.
- A kind of 5. strawberry soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The total nutrient is N+P2O5+K2O。
- A kind of 6. strawberry soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The matrix formulations volume ratio is：Mushroom Slag, acid-sludge, 4 parts of manioc waste mixed fermentation material, 2 parts of coconut palm chaff；1 part of carbon chaff or plant ash, 2 parts of vermiculite；In addition gross weight is added 0.4% composite fertilizer and 0.2% synergist.
- A kind of 7. strawberry soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The matrix total nutrient content 5%, has Imitate N, P, K content 10g/kg, dry matter 0.45g/cm3, total porosity 65%, unit weight 0.34g/ml, particle diameter 2-4mm, in butt matter The content of organic matter 38%, EC value 1.85mS/cm, gas-water ratio 1：2.5, pH 6.5；The matrix is that appearance is in sepia or dark brown The granular solids of color, free from extraneous odour.
- A kind of 8. production method of strawberry soilless culture substrate described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Making step is as follows：1）The working process of raw material1. the mushroom slag in raw material is broken into the particulate matter of particle diameter≤5mm；Manioc waste is dried, crushed respectively；2. acid-sludge water content is dried to 40-50%；3. the granule materials for charcoal chaff or plant ash being crushed, being screened into particle diameter 0.5-2mm are spare；4. coconut palm chaff is used into wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm；2）The fermentation process of organic materials：After mushroom slag in raw material, acid-sludge, manioc waste are mixed by formula rate, using high temperature Quick rotting agent carries out fermentation reactor system decomposed processing 30-60 days, after organic materials is fully decomposed, is crushed, is dry, sieving obtains Fermentation materials；In the fermentation materials, mushroom slag accounts for 40-60%, acid-sludge 20-30%, manioc waste 20-30%；3）It is mixed：By step 2）Obtained fermentation materials and step 1）3.-charcoal chaff, the coconut palm chaff wet feed 4. obtained uniformly mixes Stirring, adds vermiculite, composite fertilizer and synergist, and uniform stirring forms matrix semi-finished product；4）Measure, adjustment physical and chemical index：The physical and chemical index of measure, adjustment matrix, makes water content, total porosity, unit weight, air water Than, EC values, pH indexs meet desired value described in claim 1；5）Quantitative package：The rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance made quantitatively is loaded into packaging bag, every bag of charge weight 25L or 50L.
- A kind of 9. production method of strawberry soilless culture substrate according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The high temperature speed is rotten Agent is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1, wherein putting Line bacterium accounts for 40-60%；High temperature quick rotting agent dosage is to add high temperature quick rotting agent 15-20kg per 100m3 mixtures.
- A kind of 10. production method of strawberry soilless culture substrate according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The mushroom slag, vinegar Slag, manioc waste mixed material fermentation maturity processing composting time are 45 days.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108782134A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-13 | 淮南市永光草莓专业合作社 | A kind of western muskmelon tailored version seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN110999755A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-04-14 | 咸阳职业技术学院 | Strawberry organic soilless culture composite substrate |
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| CN103058729A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-04-24 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Special seedling-raising medium for leaf vegetables |
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Application publication date: 20180504 |