CN107938113A - 一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107938113A
CN107938113A CN201711427275.3A CN201711427275A CN107938113A CN 107938113 A CN107938113 A CN 107938113A CN 201711427275 A CN201711427275 A CN 201711427275A CN 107938113 A CN107938113 A CN 107938113A
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苗则波
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法,先将用水合肼法氢化改性丁腈胶乳后,加入氧化淀粉进行复合,再与其他助剂进行混合制成氧化淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶胶乳,之后将碳纤维进行活化后再进行氧化改性,与玻璃纤维浸润胶乳后烘干硫化混纺,本发明制备的表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维机械强度和使用性大幅度提高,且操作简便,生产效率高,物料损失少。

Description

一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料领域,具体涉及一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法。
背景技术
丁腈橡胶由于碳碳双键的存在,其有着较差的耐臭氧老化性,耐化学药品性,氢化丁腈橡胶相对于丁腈橡胶而言,有着比丁腈橡胶更优良的性能。氢化改性是橡胶改性的重要方向之一,氢化改性提高了聚合物的耐氧、耐热、耐老化性能,延长了聚合物的寿命,扩大了合成橡胶材料的应用领域。不饱和橡胶一般皆可进行氢化改性。橡胶加氢主要是氢与橡胶分子链上的不饱和双键起加成反应,大分子内的C=C双键多是对称二烯烃基取代的内双键,对加成反应并不活泼,通常必须选用特殊的催化剂进行催化加氢,才能获得显著的加氢速度。
平面织物作为一种纺织品已经有相当长的历史了,编织复合材料不仅具有比强度高、比刚度大和重量轻等优越的性能,而且该材料的应用范围非常广泛,几乎涉及到各行各业。自从20 世纪末发展以来,已广泛应用于航空航天、交通、建筑、体育、医疗等领域。
碳纤维也叫磨碎碳纤维,未经改性处理的碳纤维表面极性基团少,惰性大,在溶剂中的浸润性较差,与基体复合时界面结合能力不佳,存在较多的界面缺陷。这些问题极大的限制了碳纤维优点的发挥,因此需对碳纤维进行改性处理。
苏琳在《氢化丁腈橡胶的制备与改性应用》用水合肼法对丁腈胶乳进行氢化改性后,使用凝聚法制备出粉末氢化丁腈橡胶,制备出的粉末氢化丁腈橡胶在耐磨、耐低温(-40℃)、耐热(150℃)、耐氧化、耐臭氧、耐候性和耐化学试剂方面都比丁腈橡胶有不少的提高。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,实现碳纤维改性与丁腈橡胶的氢化,提供一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将40-50重量份丁腈胶乳在边搅拌边滴加入2-3重量份水合肼后,加入10-20重量份水,搅拌30-40分钟直至混合均匀后,再滴加入2-10重量份硼酸与过氧化氢混合物,调节反应温度至45-55℃,滴加完毕后,温度升高至85-95℃继续反应2-3小时后,加入35-45重量份氧化淀粉溶液到转矩流变仪中反应1-3小时,温度保持50-80℃,加入0.1-0.3重量份硬脂酸、0.1-0.3重量份防老剂、0.2-0.4重量份促进剂M,及2-5重量份硫磺搅拌均匀,升温至75-85℃,加入2-3重量份增塑剂搅拌1-2小时,待用;
(2)将10-15重量份碳纤维置于低温等离子体仪中,在氮气氛围下进行等离子处理1-2分钟后,加入75-90份的盐酸溶液配制氯酸钠溶液,搅拌加热至沸腾15-25分钟,然后自然冷却至室温,取出,去离子水冲洗至滤液中性,烘干待用;
(3)将步骤(2)所得改性碳纤维与20-30重量份玻璃纤维浸入步骤(1)所得胶乳中1-3分钟后再取出,停放12-24小时后在挤出机挤出,通过连续160-180℃硫化箱后,采用并条工艺,按照碳纤维:玻璃纤维1:2的股数比,将两种材质的纤维条进行混纺并条,通过经纬机织工艺将混纺纱线条机织成型,既得所述表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维。
所述的氧化淀粉溶液为将35-45重量份淀粉溶于50-60重量份氨水溶液中后加入1-2重量份溴化钠加入容器中60-90℃反应2-4小时后既得。
所述的硼酸与过氧化氢混合物为硼酸与过氧化氢1:(0.8-1)混合。
所述盐酸溶液配制氯酸钠溶液为盐酸与氯酸钠摩尔浓度比为1:0.5-3。
所述增塑剂为增塑剂DOA或DOS。
本发明的优点是:
本发明先将用水合肼法氢化改性丁腈胶乳后,加入氧化淀粉进行复合,再与其他助剂进行混合制成氧化淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶胶乳,之后将碳纤维进行活化后再进行氧化改性,与玻璃纤维浸润胶乳后烘干硫化混纺,氧化淀粉与丁腈胶乳混合后,乳胶粒子与淀粉大分子互穿分散,形成精细的分散结构,本发明低温等离子体处理使碳纤维表面增加活性,而且不影响其他强度,盐酸溶液配制氯酸钠溶液对碳纤维进行改性,使碳纤维表面氧化均匀,有效提高表面性能,使具有良好的溶剂浸润性与相容性,本发明制备的表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维机械强度和使用性大幅度提高,且操作简便,生产效率高,物料损失少。
具体实施方式
一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将45重量份丁腈胶乳在边搅拌边滴加入2.5重量份水合肼后,加入15重量份水,搅拌35分钟直至混合均匀后,再滴加入8重量份硼酸与过氧化氢混合物,调节反应温度至50℃,滴加完毕后,温度升高至90℃继续反应2.5小时后,加入40重量份氧化淀粉溶液到转矩流变仪中反应2小时,温度保持70℃,加入0.2重量份硬脂酸、0.2重量份防老剂、0.3重量份促进剂M,及3.5重量份硫磺搅拌均匀,升温至80℃,加入2.5重量份增塑剂搅拌1.5小时,待用;
(2)将12重量份碳纤维置于低温等离子体仪中,在氮气氛围下进行等离子处理1.5分钟后,加入80份的盐酸溶液配制氯酸钠溶液,搅拌加热至沸腾20分钟,然后自然冷却至室温,取出,去离子水冲洗至滤液中性,烘干待用;
(3)将步骤(2)所得改性碳纤维与25重量份玻璃纤维浸入步骤(1)所得胶乳中2分钟后再取出,停放18小时后在挤出机挤出,通过连续170硫化箱后,采用并条工艺,按照碳纤维:玻璃纤维1:2的股数比,将两种材质的纤维条进行混纺并条,通过经纬机织工艺将混纺纱线条机织成型,既得所述表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维。
所述的氧化淀粉溶液为将30重量份淀粉溶于55重量份氨水溶液中后加入1.5重量份溴化钠加入容器中75℃反应3小时后既得。
所述的硼酸与过氧化氢混合物为硼酸与过氧化氢1:(0.8-1)混合。
所述盐酸溶液配制氯酸钠溶液为盐酸与氯酸钠摩尔浓度比为1:0.5-3。
所述增塑剂为增塑剂DOA或DOS。

Claims (5)

1.一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将40-50重量份丁腈胶乳在边搅拌边滴加入2-3重量份水合肼后,加入10-20重量份水,搅拌30-40分钟直至混合均匀后,再滴加入2-10重量份硼酸与过氧化氢混合物,调节反应温度至45-55℃,滴加完毕后,温度升高至85-95℃继续反应2-3小时后,加入35-45重量份氧化淀粉溶液到转矩流变仪中反应1-3小时,温度保持50-80℃,加入0.1-0.3重量份硬脂酸、0.1-0.3重量份防老剂、0.2-0.4重量份促进剂M,及2-5重量份硫磺搅拌均匀,升温至75-85℃,加入2-3重量份增塑剂搅拌1-2小时,待用;
(2)将10-15重量份碳纤维置于低温等离子体仪中,在氮气氛围下进行等离子处理1-2分钟后,加入75-90份的盐酸溶液配制氯酸钠溶液,搅拌加热至沸腾15-25分钟,然后自然冷却至室温,取出,去离子水冲洗至滤液中性,烘干待用;
(3)将步骤(2)所得改性碳纤维与20-30重量份玻璃纤维浸入步骤(1)所得胶乳中1-3分钟后再取出,停放12-24小时后在挤出机挤出,通过连续160-180℃硫化箱后,采用并条工艺,按照碳纤维:玻璃纤维1:2的股数比,将两种材质的纤维条进行混纺并条,通过经纬机织工艺将混纺纱线条机织成型,既得所述表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维。
2.根据权利要求1一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的氧化淀粉溶液为将35-45重量份淀粉溶于50-60重量份氨水溶液中后加入1-2重量份溴化钠加入容器中60-90℃反应2-4小时后既得。
3.根据权利要求1一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的硼酸与过氧化氢混合物为硼酸与过氧化氢1:(0.8-1)混合。
4.根据权利要求1一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,所述盐酸溶液配制氯酸钠溶液为盐酸与氯酸钠摩尔浓度比为1:0.5-3。
5.根据权利要求1一种表面涂覆淀粉复合氢化丁腈橡胶的纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,所述增塑剂为增塑剂DOA或DOS。
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Cited By (1)

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CN116141703A (zh) * 2023-04-18 2023-05-23 天津爱思达航天科技股份有限公司 一种聚氨酯增韧环氧基阻尼复合材料及其制备方法

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