CN111335039B - 一种脂肪族聚氨酯分散液的应用 - Google Patents

一种脂肪族聚氨酯分散液的应用 Download PDF

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CN111335039B
CN111335039B CN202010316857.XA CN202010316857A CN111335039B CN 111335039 B CN111335039 B CN 111335039B CN 202010316857 A CN202010316857 A CN 202010316857A CN 111335039 B CN111335039 B CN 111335039B
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李祖成
任希昌
杨锋
周钦源
杨依真
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JINAN TIANQI TECHNICAL BELTS CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种脂肪族聚氨酯分散液的应用，将其应用于高定伸锭带的织物层，将20%的脂肪族聚氨酯水性分散液中加入质量分数2‑5%的异氰酸酯或三聚氰胺的水性交联剂，搅拌2~4h，处理织物层，处理过的织物层挺性好、1%定伸强力高、尺寸稳定。制成的高定伸锭带，其有较高的定伸强力、带体柔软。

Description

一种脂肪族聚氨酯分散液的应用
技术领域
本发明属于锭带技术，具体涉及一种脂肪族聚氨酯分散液的应用。
背景技术
近几年随着纺织设备的快速发展，细纱机锭子的转速逐渐提高，对提供传递动力的锭带的要求也越来越高。目前国际上高速环锭细纱机的锭子传动均在22000转/分以上，传统的棉锭带、橡胶锭带的定伸强力低，传动强力低、摩擦面织物摩擦力小、易丢转，难以实现22000转/分及以上的高速运转。普通聚酯锭带虽然定伸强力稍高，但不耐高温，寿命短。
脂肪族聚氨酯分散液一般应用于衣服、（雨）衣、鞋子面料和箱包材料，可以面涂，也可以底涂，一般可以提高织物的粘合力，能提高皮革纹理的清晰度，赋予柔软细腻的手感并能提高皮革的耐低温性能，但是没有将其应用于高定伸锭带中的文献公开。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于公开一种脂肪族聚氨酯分散液的新的应用，将其应用于高定伸锭带织物层，处理过的织物层挺性好、1%定伸强力高、尺寸稳定。制成的高定伸锭带，其有较高的定伸强力、带体柔软。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种脂肪族聚氨酯分散液在高定伸锭带织物层的应用。
所述的脂肪族聚氨酯分散液的外观为白色低粘度液体，阴离子型，密度为1.1 g/cm3，粘度14-40mpa.s，pH值为6.5，固含量为40%左右。
应用的具体方法为：将20%的脂肪族聚氨酯水性分散液中加入质量分数2-5%的异氰酸酯或三聚氰胺的水性交联剂，搅拌2~4h做成处理剂处理高定伸锭带织物层。处理的过程为将织物层在反应温度130~140℃时，在处理剂中停留120~150s。
优选地，高定伸锭带的结构为：将改性高分子聚合物制成的表面层、处理过的织物层①、高分子粘合层、处理过的织物层②制成高定伸锭带，厚度比为0.05~0.10：0.30~0.35：0.05~0.10：0.30~0.35。
优选地，表面层是以PVC改性的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶为主，添加补强剂、防老剂、硫化剂，丁腈橡胶：PVC的质量比为8：2，各个成分的质量比为：丁腈橡胶：补强剂：防老剂：硫化剂=100:32~35:1~2：1~2；
所述的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶中丙烯腈的含量为35~40%；
优选地，所述的改性高分子聚合物制成的表面层的制备方法为：PVC改性的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶、补强剂、防老剂、硫化剂，依次加入密炼机混炼5~6min。
所述的补强剂主要为硅酸盐类补强剂；
所述的防老剂主要有胺类和酚类防老剂；
所述的硫化剂主要是含硫有机物或者过氧化物硫化剂；
优选地，所述的织物层①为尼龙、涤纶或尼龙与涤纶交织织物，所述的织物层②为尼龙与棉交织织物或涤纶与棉交织织物，编织结构采用立体网状结构。
优选地，所述的高分子粘合层是由改性尼龙、导电炭黑、溶剂以及均匀剂按质量比例35~40：12~10：52~48：1~2混合，搅拌24小时制备成高分子粘合剂，所述溶剂为酚类溶剂、甲醇或乙醇；所述的均匀剂为聚酰胺聚砜增塑剂，所述的改性尼龙为抗静电尼龙，在尼龙中加入玻纤和石墨，增强改性抗静电。
高定伸锭带的制备方法为：将上述高分子粘合层分别均匀涂刷一薄层在织物层①和织物层②，在温度100~110℃，时间150~180S，压力50~60bar工艺条件下进行复合。
为了使带体定伸强力高，所用到的织物①为尼龙、涤纶或尼龙与涤纶交织织物，所用到的织物②为尼龙与棉交织织物或涤纶与棉交织织物，织物的编织结构为人字纹和纤维捻向均为S/Z，并经特殊工艺进行处理，提高了织物的定伸强力。
有益效果
本申请的脂肪族聚氨酯分散液应用于高定伸锭带，处理其织物层。织物在一定温度和张力下，提高了分子的取向度，改善了织物在外力作用下的变形性能。因此处理后的织物性能大大提高。织物层①选择尼龙、涤纶或尼龙与涤纶交织织物，织物层②选择尼龙与棉交织织物或涤纶与棉交织织物，因此定伸强力高，不易变形，使用中不会出现因高温等接头开裂而造成带子早期损坏。
该方法制成的高定伸锭带是为了适应市场需求而自主研发的新型锭带产品，产品与普通锭带相比，1%定伸强力高、带体柔软表面握持力好，尺寸稳定、张力均匀，可满足目前国际上高速环锭细纱机的锭子传动22000转/分以上的要求，节电10%左右等综合优异特性。所述锭带的1%定伸强力≥4N/mm，远远大于普通锭带的1%定伸强力为2N/mm的指标。
附图说明
图1 为本专利的结构示意图；
图中：1、表面层；2、织物层①；3、高分子粘合层；4为织物层②。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明，本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
本发明中用到的原料均为市售，脂肪族聚氨酯分散液（市售），所述的脂肪族聚氨酯分散液的外观为白色低粘度液体，阴离子型，密度为1.1 g/cm3，粘度14-40mpa.s，pH值为6.5，固含量为40%左右。
实施例1
一种高定伸锭带，由改性高分子聚合物制成的表面层、织物层①、高分子粘合层和织物层②，厚度比为0.05：0.30：0.05：0.35。
表面层是以PVC改性的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶为主，添加补强剂、防老剂、硫化剂，丁腈橡胶：PVC的质量比为8：2，各个成分的质量比为：丁腈橡胶：补强剂：防老剂：硫化剂=100:32:2：2；所述的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶中丙烯腈的含量为35~40%，改性高分子聚合物制成的表面层的制备方法为：PVC改性的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶、硅酸盐类补强剂、胺类和酚类防老剂防老剂、含硫有机物或者过氧化物硫化剂，依次加入密炼机混炼5~6min。
所述的织物层①尼龙/涤纶交织织物，所述的织物②涤纶/棉交织织物，编织结构采用立体网状结构。所述的织物层的处理方法为：将织物层在反应温度135℃，在脂肪族聚氨酯分散液中停留130s。所述的脂肪族聚氨酯分散液的制备方法为：将20%的脂肪族聚氨酯水性分散液中加入质量分数4.5%的异氰酸酯的水性交联剂，搅拌2~4h。处理过的织物层挺性好、1%定伸强力高、尺寸稳定。
所述的高分子粘合层是由改性尼龙、导电炭黑、溶剂以及均匀剂按质量比例40：10：50：1混合，搅拌24小时制备成高分子粘合剂，所述溶剂为酚类溶剂和甲醇；所述的均匀剂主要成分为POE反应接枝马来酸酐，所述的改性尼龙为抗静电尼龙，在尼龙中加入尼龙质量分数的5%玻纤和15%的石墨，增强改性抗静电。
制备方法：将上述高分子粘合层分别均匀涂刷一薄层在织物层①和织物层②，在温度100℃，时间180S，压力50bar工艺条件下进行复合。
实施例2
一种高定伸锭带，由改性高分子聚合物制成的表面层、处理的织物层①、高分子粘合层和处理的织物层②，厚度比为0.06：0.32：0.06：0.31。
表面层是以PVC改性的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶为主，添加补强剂、防老剂、硫化剂，丁腈橡胶：PVC的质量比为8：2，各个成分的质量比为：丁腈橡胶：补强剂：防老剂：硫化剂=100:32:2：2；所述的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶中丙烯腈的含量为35~40%。性高分子聚合物制成的表面层的制备方法为：PVC改性的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶、硅酸盐类补强剂、胺类和酚类防老剂防老剂、含硫有机物或者过氧化物硫化剂硫化剂，依次加入密炼机混炼5~6min。
所述的织物层①尼龙织物，所述的织物②尼龙/棉，编织结构采用立体网状结构。
所述的织物层的处理方法为：将织物层在反应温度将织物层在反应温度135℃，在脂肪族聚氨酯分散液中停留130s。所述的脂肪族聚氨酯分散液的制备方法为：将20%的脂肪族聚氨酯水性分散液中加入质量分数4.5%的异氰酸酯的水性交联剂，搅拌2~4h。处理过的织物层挺性好、1%定伸强力高、尺寸稳定。
所述的高分子粘合层是由改性尼龙、导电炭黑、溶剂以及均匀剂按质量比例35：10：48：1混合，搅拌24小时制备成高分子粘合剂，所述溶剂为酚类溶剂和乙醇；所述的均匀剂主要成分为POE反应接枝马来酸酐剂，所述的改性尼龙为抗静电尼龙，在尼龙中加入尼龙质量分数的5%玻纤和15%石墨，增强改性抗静电。
制备方法：将上述高分子粘合层分别均匀涂刷一薄层在织物层①和织物层②，在温度110℃，时间150S，压力60bar工艺条件下进行复合。
对比例1
与实施例1不同的是，织物层①，织物层②不经过处理，编织结构采用立体网状结构，制成锭带。
对比例2
与实施例1不同的是，将分散液作为面涂，涂于织物层①，烘干后制成锭带。
对比例3
与实施例1不同的是，将热塑性聚氨酯作为面层涂层，使其锭带形成面层、织物层、粘合层、织物层的层状结构的聚氨酯锭带。
将实施例1-2和对比例1-2制备的锭带进行检测：
检测方法：
拉伸强力、1%的定伸强力使用GB/T 3690测试方法测试；摩擦系数使用HG/T2729测试方法测试；动态抗静电性使用电子动态抗静电试验机测试试样在运转时的电场值。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (7)

1.一种脂肪族聚氨酯分散液在高定伸锭带织物层的应用，其特征在于，采用脂肪族聚氨酯分散液处理织物层，将改性高分子聚合物制成的表面层、处理过的织物层①、高分子粘合层、处理过的织物层②制成高定伸锭带，厚度比为0.05 ~ 0.10：0.30 ~ 0.35：0.05 ~0.10：0.30 ~ 0.35。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于，将20%的脂肪族聚氨酯水性分散液中加入质量分数2-5%的异氰酸酯或三聚氰胺的水性交联剂，搅拌2 ~ 4h做成处理剂处理高定伸锭带织物层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于，处理的过程为将织物层在反应温度130 ~140℃时，在处理剂中停留120 ~ 150s。
4.根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于，表面层是以PVC改性的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶为主，添加补强剂、防老剂、硫化剂，丁腈橡胶：PVC的质量比为8：2，各个成分的质量比为：丁腈橡胶：补强剂：防老剂：硫化剂=100:32 ~ 35:1 ~ 2：1 ~ 2；所述的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶中丙烯腈的含量为35 ~ 40%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于，所述的改性高分子聚合物制成的表面层的制备方法为：PVC改性的高丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶、补强剂、防老剂、硫化剂，依次加入密炼机混炼5 ~ 6min；
所述的补强剂主要为硅酸盐类补强剂；
所述的防老剂主要有胺类和酚类防老剂；
所述的硫化剂主要是含硫有机物或者过氧化物硫化剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于，所述的织物层①选自尼龙、涤纶或尼龙与涤纶交织织物，所述的织物层②选自尼龙与棉交织织物或涤纶与棉交织织物，编织结构采用立体网状结构。
7.根据权利要求1所述的的应用，其特征在于，所述的高分子粘合层是由改性尼龙、导电炭黑、溶剂以及均匀剂按质量比例35 ~ 40：12 ~ 10：52 ~ 48：1 ~ 2混合，搅拌24小时制备成高分子粘合剂，所述溶剂为酚类溶剂、甲醇或乙醇；所述的均匀剂为POE反应接枝马来酸酐，所述的改性尼龙为抗静电尼龙。
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