CN107896755A - A kind of method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot - Google Patents
A kind of method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot Download PDFInfo
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- CN107896755A CN107896755A CN201711254414.7A CN201711254414A CN107896755A CN 107896755 A CN107896755 A CN 107896755A CN 201711254414 A CN201711254414 A CN 201711254414A CN 107896755 A CN107896755 A CN 107896755A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of control method of hickory nut dry rot, the control method includes the following steps：(1) soil remediation：1. biological bacteria is added in soil；2. annual spring uses and imposes alkaline hickory nut special fertilizer；Annual summer applies alkaline hickory nut special fertilizer again, while is aided with foliage-spray；In annual autumn, after hickory nut harvesting, apply alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer；(2) Forest field management is strengthened：Often carry out sick branch cleaning work, after fall foliage or before spring foliation, clear up the sick branch of disease tree and concentrate and burns；(3) lesion prevents：A. medicament prevents, and the spray of b. medicaments is controlled；(4) medicine applies dry：Apply one layer of medical protection layer on hickory nut trunk by the end of March every year.Using the method for the invention, hickory nut dry rot can be effectively prevented and treated, transmission of pathogen prevalence probability is reduced, contributes to Chinese walnut to increase production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agriculture science, and in particular to a kind of method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot.
Background technology
Hickory nut, Carya cathayensis are a kind of deciduous trees, belong to Juglandaceae hickory, are deciduous tree, custom
Claim hickory, small walnut.20 kinds are there are about, wherein 4 kinds originate in China, 11 kinds originate in North America, and distribution is on the hillside, the foot of a mountain delays
On slope, its growth soil includes：The soil such as the oil yellow soil that is formed by limestone weathering, rendizina, calcareous shale, these soil
Earth water penetration is strong, good water-retaining property, deep fertile, in alkalescence to neutrality.Its footprint almost various regions all over the world, main distribution
It is much local in America, Europe and Asia.China is mainly distributed on 29~30 °, the Tian Mu Shan Mountain that 18~120 ° of Zhejiang, Anhui have a common boundary
The counties and cities, wherein Zhejiang Linan such as Linan in area, i.e. Zhejiang, Chunan, Anji, the Ningguo in Tonglu and Anhui, Shexian County, Jingde, Jixi
Centered on producing region.The culture and utility of hickory nut has more than 500 years history, and the fruit of hickory nut is due to high economic value
And nutritive value, the taste flavor of hickory nut uniqueness, has obtained the accreditation of consumer, is increasingly becoming a kind of very popular top grade
Nut, there is the title of " U.S. fruit all over the world ".
Hickory nut dry rot is a kind of new expression occurred in recent years in hickory nut woods.Hickory nut dry rot is also known as ulcer
Disease, ink disease, ink disease.The tree body trunk of treelet in hickory nut dry rot main harm, takes place in the middle and lower part of trunk,
With the continuous development of disease, gradually to developing on the middle and upper part of trunk and branch.Early stage, occur yellowish-brown, water stain shape,
Subcircular or irregular shape scab, with the extension of disease, scab is in black, and bark is micro- prominent, presses with finger, elution band foam
Liquid, have vinasse smell.Later stage scab center is irregularly cracked, and outflow is like prepared Chinese ink juice at cracking, during dry weather
There is brown colloid in sick portion.Bark is peeled off, cortex, which blacks, to rot.It is extending transversely slow since germ Longitudinal Extension is fast, therefore, disease
Spot is mostly fusiform or oblong.Germ continues to invade xylem, makes xylem blackening, always can be as deep as medulla.Later stage disease
Portion's dehydration is recessed after being dried, bark lobe, and the strong intersection of disease produces callus, in an obvious ulceration.Morbidity is serious
Tree body or branch, after scab rounds, above section is withered.The disease is in the ground such as Zhejiang Province Linan, Chunan, Tonglu hickory nut
Cultivation area generally occurs, and indivedual areas are aggrieved serious, and strain incidence is up to more than 80%, few then several scabs on diseased plant, most serious
Reachable hundreds of scabs, cause the withered strain of deadwood.The disease generally occurs in hickory nut cultivation area, causes bough even complete stool withered
Extremely, the growth to hickory nut, yield are produced and seriously affected, and the development to hickory nut industry brings serious threat.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot, is managed from soil remediation, forest land
Reason, lesion prevention and tree body protect several aspects to carry out integrated control to hickory nut dry rot, and significant effect can in time all
Chinese walnut dry rot is cured, effectively prevents proliferation of germs, is conducive to the timely reparation of disease tree, the larger Chinese walnut that improves
Yield and disease resistance.
The technical proposal for solving the technical problem of the invention is：
A kind of method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot, the method for integrated control include the following steps：
(1) soil remediation：
1. biological bacteria is added in soil, increase the immune function of Chinese walnut, improve disease resistance；The biological bacteria is
Bacillus megaterium or bacillus subtilis；
2. annual spring is 1 ~ 2kg/ plants using alkaline hickory nut special fertilizer, dose is imposed；Annual summer applies alkalescence again
Hickory nut special fertilizer, while it is aided with foliage-spray foliar fertilizer；In annual autumn, after hickory nut harvesting, apply alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer.It is described
Foliar fertilizer is 2 by mass ratio：1：3：0.2~0.3：0.1 ~ 0.3 nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer composition.
Since blindness fertilising, excessively operation, acid rain etc. influence, cause the acidifying of hickory nut timbered soil, nutritive proportion imbalance,
Therefore start with from suppression soil acidification, regulation and control soil nutrient, progressively rehabilitating soil, strengthens hickory nut disease resistance, recovers mountain core
Peach grows up healthy and sound.
(2) Forest field management is strengthened：Often carry out sick branch cleaning work, after fall foliage or before spring foliation, clear up disease tree
Sick branch and concentrate burn.After clearing out mountain forest and burning, the substantial amounts of pathogen of woodland can be effectively removed, cause of disease is reduced and infects again
The probability of healthy tree body, greatly reduces generation and the prevalence of woodland disease.
(3) lesion prevents：
A. medicament prevents：Carry out the A preventions of sprinkling medicament, the medicament the annual 4-5 months to the Chinese walnut that dry rot not yet occurs
The spray method of A sprays 2 ~ 3 times every time to spray week about once.4-5 months be dry rot encephalapthy agent conidium in the air
Release it is most make it, account for the 60 ~ 80% of annual total volume, for conidium by rainwater propagation, this period is rainwater in 1 year again
Most makes it, therefore dry rot disease attached probability is larger, and medicament A needs more sprinklings several times.
B. medicament spray is controlled：For the Chinese walnut of aggrieved mild to moderate, the withered tree crown branch is less than 50%, comprehensive
Control method is as follows：
During the 4-5 months, each scab on trunk and branch is first dug into broken skin layer, from scab centre chisel to the strong junctional area of disease, in chisel
Broken area's sprinkling medicament A, sprinkling frequency are weekly, to connect spray 2 ~ 3 times every time.It is to prevent cause of disease conidium again during the 4-5 months
Secondary dip dyeing, it is desirable to spray medicament A weekly, connect spray 2 ~ 3 times every time.
During the 6-11 months, first by trunk and branch each scab chisel break to 1 centimetre in xylem, from scab centre chisel to
Disease is good for junctional area, full tree sprinkling medicament A, and sprinkling frequency is weekly spray 1 time every time；
(4) tree body is protected：Every year by the end of March on hickory nut trunk apply one layer of medical protection layer, brush height for trunk bottom 1 ~
1.2 rice.The main function of medical protection layer is prevention and iris action, after coating, germ conidium can be controlled outwards to release
Put and immersed with conidial propagate of external germ.
Step (1) 2. described in alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer, by following parts by weight raw material prepare：Hickory nut husk 60-
90 parts, 30-60 parts of lignin, 6-15 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of albumen powder, 10-20 parts of sugar residue, 15-25 parts of marine organisms calcium powder,
1-5 parts of 5-15 parts of marine algae extract, 3-10 parts of biological bacteria, 5-10 parts of zymophyte, 3-6 parts of enzyme preparation and trace element；
The alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer is made with the following method：
(A) hickory nut husk, lignin, sugar residue, plant ash and zymophyte are weighed respectively according to proportioning, be uniformly mixed, be used in combination
The moisture of seaweed liquid modulation compost is 30-35%, pH 5.5-7.5；And leading in the bottom of compost installation oxygen increasing equipment
Tracheae, is covered compost with film, starts oxygen increasing equipment, inputs oxygen, carries out aerobic fermentation 4-6 days, obtains one time fermentation thing
Material；The temperature of the aerobic fermentation is 40-55 DEG C, humidity 80-85%；
(B) one time fermentation material is transported to the second fermentation field to stir uniformly, by proportioning addition marine algae extract and biological bacteria, mixed
Close uniformly, carry out secondary compost fermentation 2-4 days, obtain secondary fermentation material；The temperature of the secondary compost fermentation is 40-50
DEG C, humidity 80-85%；
(C) secondary fermentation material is stirred into 2-3 after, the material of secondary fermentation is crushed with pulverizer, and whole mistakes
Sieve, the mixed material after being sieved；
(D) high activity extracted is added in ocean in mixed material beneficial to bacterial strain, it is marine organisms calcium powder, basic protein fraction powder, micro-
Secondary element compound and enzyme preparation, stir evenly, and being granulated production technology using low temperature cold refines into granular fertilizer, up to described
Alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer finished product.
Heretofore described lignin is the organic matter that extracts in paper-making pulping waste liquid, contains substantial amounts of organic matter and more
Kind nutrient, can improve the permeability of soil.
The plant ash is remaining ash material after the burning such as mountain grass, stalk, belongs to alkaline, can reconcile the soda acid of fertilizer
Property；Bio-organic fertilizer is made after the agricultural waste fermentations such as plant ash can increase the fluffy degree of soil, keep soil from packing together, together
When also for plant provide growth needed for nutrition, realize recycling, turn waste into wealth.
The sugar residue is the waste residue in cane sugar manufacture, and the main component of bagasse is debris, fat, protein, mineral
Matter and a small amount of sugared part, and containing a variety of nutritions absorbed as crop such as N P and K, the aqueous of soil can be effectively increased
Amount, improves the quality of soil.
The marine organisms calcium powder is calcium carbonate, organosilicon, organic trace element, conchiolin, conchiolin matter.
The marine algae extract contains algal polysaccharides, glycine betaine, mannitol, natural middle trace element etc..
The organic matter hickory nut husk contains substantial amounts of alkaloid, organic matter and potassium, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, magnesium, copper etc.
Element, is a kind of organic fertilizer full of nutrition.
It is further preferred that the mass ratio of the hickory nut husk, lignin and sugar residue is 4：2：1.
It is further preferred that it is 2 that the enzyme preparation, which is mass ratio,：1 metalloproteinases and poly- carbon enzyme.Enzyme preparation can be catalyzed foster
Point, accelerate nutrient conversion efficiency, boost metabolism, raising crop immunity, promotion photosynthesis, increase yield, improving quality,
Promote precocity and other effects.Biology enzyme, which also has, decomposes soil salt, mitigates soil salinization effect.
The zymophyte is such as golden organic fertilizer fermentation agent of Kang Yuan oasis, wherein containing saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus plantarum, excrement
Enterococcus, protease, cornstarch, whey powder, lactose etc..Zymophyte can rapidly promote the organic matters such as hickory nut husk
Fermentation, improves the utilization rate of organic matter available nutrient.
It is further preferred that the trace element is made of silicon, calcium, magnesium, zinc, selenium and molybdenum, its weight ratio is 4-8：3-6：3-5：
0.5-1：0.01-0.15：0.05-0.1.
Alkaline biological organic enzyme fertilizer, agricultural waste fermentation is decomposed thoroughly, and microbial activity is high, with short production cycle, has
Fertilizer efficiency is good, environmentally protective, free of contamination advantage, while energy chesson, improves soil hardening situation.
Preferably, step (1) 2. described in alkaline hickory nut special fertilizer be made of the component of following parts by weight：
3-10 parts by weight bacillus, 10-50 parts by weight organic fertilizer, 5-15 parts by weight enzyme preparation and, 5-35 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer；It is raw
Thing fertilizer bacillus has the function that synergy, promotees effect, while can be disease-resistant, mitigates environmental pollution.
The organic fertilizer is that mass ratio is 3：1 sugar residue and lignin, organic fertilizer have the advantages that sustained release, it is permanent, can
Effectively improvement soil texture, culture fertility, improve crop quality；
The enzyme preparation is that mass ratio is 2：1 metalloproteinases and poly- carbon enzyme；The inorganic fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, in potash fertilizer extremely
Few one kind.Its main function of metalloproteinases be make crop Nutrient Absorption improve outside, increase disease resistance and anti-oxidant anti-
Aging ability.It is especially fine to physiological disturbance effect caused by continuous cropping disease and nutritional deficiency disease.Poly- carbon enzyme is to pass through active material
Fixed Carbon Dioxide in Air is absorbed, crop root and gas concentration lwevel is strengthened so as to strengthen photosynthesis of plant, at the same time
Carbon-nitrogen ratio in plant is adjusted, strengthens the resistance of plant.The present invention uses mass ratio as 2：1 metalloproteinases and poly- carbon enzyme
Mixture makees enzyme preparation, can play the synergistic effect of the two to greatest extent, makes its disease resistance and resistance optimal, while can improve
The setting ratio of hickory nut, improves its yield.
Alkaline hickory nut formula fertilizer is used cooperatively using organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, quick-acting to be combined with long-acting；Together
When nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and secondary and micro-element fertilizers are uniformly mixed and made into compound fertilizer.Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and secondary and micro-element fertilizers are mountain core
Nutrient necessary to peach growth and development, they play hickory nut development growth each different effects, favourable Yushan Hill core
The good quality and high output of peach.
Preferably, the medicament A described in step (3) a or (3) b is 1 by mass ratio：900 ~ 1200 fungicide and water
Composition, the concentration of fungicide is too low, and dry rot therapeutic effect is bad；The excessive concentration of fungicide, residual quantity is higher, is not suitable for being good for
Kang Huanbao.
Preferably, the fungicide is made of following parts by weight component：15 ~ 20 parts of difenoconazoles, 10 ~ 15 part third
Ring azoles, 8 ~ 10 parts of 1,2- benzisothiazole-3-ketones, 6 ~ 8 parts of D-Glucoses, 15 ~ 18 parts of emulsifying agents and 5 ~ 8 parts of cosolvents.Adopt
Used with three kinds of difenoconazole, propiconazole and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one bactericide synergetics, can be in less dosage
Reach preferable bactericidal effect, while D-Glucose uses so that the broken wound of Chinese walnut chisel is more easy to heal.Emulsifying agent and
Cosolvent is used so that fungicide is more easy to be uniformly dispersed in water.
It is further preferred that the emulsifying agent is ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or phenethyl phenol polyoxy
Vinethene.
It is further preferred that the cosolvent is sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate or calcium lactate.
Preferably, the medical protection layer described in step (3) is 1 by mass ratio：90 ~ 120 claim 3 ~ 5 is any
Fungicide and lime composition described in one.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Using method for integrated control of the present invention, hickory nut dry rot can be effectively prevented and treated, reduces transmission of pathogen
Popular probability, increases body resistance against diseases and wound self-healing ability, contributes to Chinese walnut to increase production.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further described, but it is specific real not limit the invention to these
Apply mode.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot, the method for integrated control include the following steps：
(1) soil remediation：
1. beneficial bacterium is added in soil, increase the immune function of Chinese walnut, improve disease resistance；
2. annual spring is 1kg/ plants using alkaline hickory nut special fertilizer, dose is imposed；Annual summer applies alkaline mountain again
Walnut special fertilizer, while it is aided with foliage-spray；In annual autumn, after hickory nut harvesting, apply alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer；
Alkaline fertilizer specially for carya, is made of the component of following parts by weight：6 parts by weight bio-fertilizers, 10 parts by weight organic fertilizers,
15 parts by weight enzyme preparations and, 5 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer；
The organic fertilizer is that mass ratio is 3：1 sugar residue and lignin；
The enzyme preparation is that mass ratio is 2：1 metalloproteinases and poly- carbon enzyme；
The bio-bacterial manure is bacillus；The inorganic fertilizer is ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate.
(2) Forest field management is strengthened：Often carry out sick branch cleaning work, after fall foliage or before spring foliation, clear up disease tree
Sick branch and concentrate burn；
(3) lesion prevents：
A. medicament prevents：Carry out the A preventions of sprinkling medicament, the medicament the annual 4-5 months to the Chinese walnut that dry rot not yet occurs
The spray method of A is sprays once week about, sprinkling 2 times every time；
B. medicament spray is controlled：For the Chinese walnut of aggrieved mild to moderate, the withered tree crown branch is less than 50%, integrated control
Method is as follows：
During the 4-5 months, each scab on trunk and branch is first dug into broken skin layer, from scab centre chisel to the strong junctional area of disease, in chisel
Broken area's sprinkling medicament A, sprinkling frequency are sprayed 2 times weekly, to connect every time；
During the 6-11 months, first each scab chisel on trunk and branch is broken to 1 centimetre in xylem, it is strong from scab centre chisel to disease
Junctional area, full tree sprinkling medicament A, sprinkling frequency are weekly spray 1 time every time；
(4) tree body is protected：Apply one layer of medical protection layer on hickory nut trunk by the end of March every year, it is trunk bottom 1 to brush height
Rice.
In the present embodiment, the medicament A described in step (3) a or (3) b is 1 by mass ratio：1000 fungicide and water
Form, the medical protection layer described in step (4) is 1 by mass ratio：90 fungicide and lime composition；The fungicide by with
Lower parts by weight component composition：18 parts of difenoconazoles, 12 parts of propiconazoles, 9 parts of 1,2- benzisothiazole-3-ketones, 7 parts of D- Portugals
Grape sugar, 16 parts of ethoxylated dodecyl alcohols and 6 parts of sodium benzoates.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot, the method for integrated control include the following steps：
(1) soil remediation：
1. beneficial bacterium is added in soil, increase the immune function of Chinese walnut, improve disease resistance；
2. annual spring is 2kg/ plants using alkaline hickory nut special fertilizer, dose is imposed；Annual summer applies alkaline mountain again
Walnut special fertilizer, while it is aided with foliage-spray；In annual autumn, after hickory nut harvesting, apply alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer；
Alkaline fertilizer specially for carya, is made of the component of following parts by weight：3 parts by weight bio-fertilizers, 30 parts by weight are organic
Fertilizer, 10 parts by weight enzyme preparations and, 25 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer；
The organic fertilizer is that mass ratio is 3：1 sugar residue and lignin；
The enzyme preparation is that mass ratio is 2：1 metalloproteinases and poly- carbon enzyme；
The bio-bacterial manure is bacillus；The inorganic fertilizer is urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride.
(2) Forest field management is strengthened：Often carry out sick branch cleaning work, after fall foliage or before spring foliation, clear up disease tree
Sick branch and concentrate burn；
(3) lesion prevents：
A. medicament prevents：Carry out the A preventions of sprinkling medicament, the medicament the annual 4-5 months to the Chinese walnut that dry rot not yet occurs
The spray method of A is sprays once week about, sprinkling 3 times every time；
B. medicament spray is controlled：For the Chinese walnut of aggrieved mild to moderate, the withered tree crown branch is less than 50%, integrated control
Method is as follows：
During the 4-5 months, each scab on trunk and branch is first dug into broken skin layer, from scab centre chisel to the strong junctional area of disease, in chisel
Broken area's sprinkling medicament A, sprinkling frequency are sprayed 3 times weekly, to connect every time；
During the 6-11 months, first each scab chisel on trunk and branch is broken to 1 centimetre in xylem, it is strong from scab centre chisel to disease
Junctional area, full tree sprinkling medicament A, sprinkling frequency are weekly spray 1 time every time；
(4) tree body is protected：Apply one layer of medical protection layer on hickory nut trunk by the end of March every year, it is trunk bottom to brush height
1.2 rice.
In the present embodiment, the medicament A described in step (3) a or (3) b is 1 by mass ratio：900 fungicide and water group
Into medical protection layer described in step (4) is 1 by mass ratio：100 fungicide and lime composition；The fungicide by with
Lower parts by weight component composition：15 parts of difenoconazoles, 10 parts of propiconazoles, 10 parts of 1,2- benzisothiazole-3-ketones, 8 parts of D-
Glucose, 15 parts of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 5 parts of sodium salicylates.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot, the method for integrated control include the following steps：
(1) soil remediation：
1. beneficial bacterium is added in soil, increase the immune function of Chinese walnut, improve disease resistance；
2. annual spring is 2kg/ plants using alkaline hickory nut special fertilizer, dose is imposed；Annual summer applies alkaline mountain again
Walnut special fertilizer, while it is aided with foliage-spray；In annual autumn, after hickory nut harvesting, apply alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer；
Alkaline fertilizer specially for carya, is made of the component of following parts by weight：10 parts by weight bio-fertilizers, 50 parts by weight are organic
Fertilizer, 5 parts by weight enzyme preparations and, 35 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer；
The organic fertilizer is that mass ratio is 3：1 sugar residue and lignin；
The enzyme preparation is that mass ratio is 2：1 metalloproteinases and poly- carbon enzyme；
The bio-bacterial manure is bacillus；The inorganic fertilizer is urea and calcium superphosphate.
(2) Forest field management is strengthened：Often carry out sick branch cleaning work, after fall foliage or before spring foliation, clear up disease tree
Sick branch and concentrate burn；
(3) lesion prevents：
A. medicament prevents：Carry out the A preventions of sprinkling medicament, the medicament the annual 4-5 months to the Chinese walnut that dry rot not yet occurs
The spray method of A is sprays once week about, sprinkling 2 times every time；
B. medicament spray is controlled：For the Chinese walnut of aggrieved mild to moderate, the withered tree crown branch is less than 50%, integrated control
Method is as follows：
During the 4-5 months, each scab on trunk and branch is first dug into broken skin layer, from scab centre chisel to the strong junctional area of disease, in chisel
Broken area's sprinkling medicament A, sprinkling frequency are sprayed 2 times weekly, to connect every time；
During the 6-11 months, first each scab chisel on trunk and branch is broken to 1 centimetre in xylem, it is strong from scab centre chisel to disease
Junctional area, full tree sprinkling medicament A, sprinkling frequency are weekly spray 1 time every time；
(4) medicine applies dry：Apply one layer of medical protection layer on hickory nut trunk by the end of March every year, it is trunk bottom to brush height
1.1 rice.
In the present embodiment, the medicament A described in step (3) a or (3) b is 1 by mass ratio：1200 fungicide and water
Form, the medical protection layer described in step (4) is 1 by mass ratio：120 fungicide and lime composition；The fungicide by
Following parts by weight component composition：20 parts of difenoconazoles, 15 parts of propiconazoles, 8 parts of 1,2- benzisothiazole-3-ketones, 6 parts of D-
Glucose, 18 parts of phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ethers and 8 parts of calcium lactates.
Embodiment 4
A kind of alkalescence biological organic enzyme fertilizer, is prepared by following parts by weight raw material：90 parts of hickory nut husk, 45 parts of lignin,
15 parts of plant ash, 8 parts of albumen powder, 20 parts of sugar residue, 20 parts of marine organisms calcium powder, 5 parts of marine algae extract, 5 parts of bacillus megaterium,
5 parts of 8 parts of zymophyte, 5 parts of enzyme preparation and trace element；The enzyme preparation is that mass ratio is 2：1 metalloproteinases and poly- carbon
Enzyme；The trace element is made of silicon, calcium, magnesium, zinc, selenium and molybdenum, its weight ratio is 5：5：3：0.5：0.01：0.08.
The alkaline biological organic enzyme fertilizer is made with the following method：
(1) hickory nut husk, lignin, sugar residue, plant ash and zymophyte are weighed respectively according to proportioning, be uniformly mixed, be used in combination
The moisture of seaweed liquid modulation compost is 35%, pH 6；It is and thin in the gas-guide tube of the bottom of compost installation oxygen increasing equipment, use
Film covers compost, starts oxygen increasing equipment, inputs oxygen, carries out aerobic fermentation 5 days, obtains one time fermentation material；It is described aerobic
The temperature of fermentation is 50 DEG C, humidity 80%；
(2) one time fermentation material is transported to the second fermentation field to stir uniformly, by proportioning addition marine algae extract and biological bacteria, mixed
Close uniformly, carry out secondary compost fermentation 3 days, obtain secondary fermentation material；The temperature of the secondary compost fermentation is 45 DEG C, humidity
For 80%；
(3) secondary fermentation material is stirred into 2-3 after, the material of secondary fermentation is crushed with pulverizer, and whole mistakes
Sieve, the mixed material after being sieved；
(4) high activity extracted is added in ocean in mixed material beneficial to bacterial strain, it is marine organisms calcium powder, basic protein fraction powder, micro-
Secondary element compound and enzyme preparation, stir evenly, and being granulated production technology using low temperature cold refines into granular fertilizer, up to described
Alkaline biological organic enzyme fertilizer finished product.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot, it is characterised in that the method for integrated control includes the following steps：
(1) soil remediation：
1. biological bacteria is added in soil, increase the immune function of Chinese walnut, improve disease resistance；The biological bacteria is
Bacillus megaterium or bacillus subtilis；
2. annual spring is 1 ~ 2kg/ plants using alkaline hickory nut special fertilizer, dose is imposed；Annual summer applies alkalescence again
Hickory nut special fertilizer, while it is aided with foliage-spray foliar fertilizer；In annual autumn, after hickory nut harvesting, apply alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer；It is described
Foliar fertilizer is 2 by mass ratio：1：3：0.2~0.3：0.1 ~ 0.3 nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer composition；
(2) Forest field management is strengthened：Often carry out sick branch cleaning work, after fall foliage or before spring foliation, clear up the sick branch of disease tree
And concentrate and burn；
(3) lesion prevents：
A. medicament prevents：Carry out the A preventions of sprinkling medicament, the medicament the annual 4-5 months to the Chinese walnut that dry rot not yet occurs
The spray method of A sprays 2 ~ 3 times every time to spray week about once；
B. medicament spray is controlled：For the Chinese walnut of aggrieved mild to moderate, the withered tree crown branch is less than 50%, integrated control
Method is as follows：
During the 4-5 months, each scab on trunk and branch is first dug into broken skin layer, from scab centre chisel to the strong junctional area of disease, in chisel
Broken area's sprinkling medicament A, sprinkling frequency are weekly, to connect spray 2 ~ 3 times every time；
During the 6-11 months, first each scab chisel on trunk and branch is broken to 1 centimetre in xylem, it is strong from scab centre chisel to disease
Junctional area, full tree sprinkling medicament A, sprinkling frequency are weekly spray 1 time every time；
(4) tree body is protected：Every year by the end of March on hickory nut trunk apply one layer of medical protection layer, brush height for trunk bottom 1 ~
1.2 rice.
2. the method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) 2. described in
Alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer, by following parts by weight raw material prepare：60-90 parts of hickory nut husk, 30-60 parts of lignin, vegetation
6-15 parts grey, 5-10 parts of albumen powder, 10-20 parts of sugar residue, 15-25 parts of marine organisms calcium powder, 5-15 parts of marine algae extract, biological bacteria
1-5 parts of 3-10 parts, 5-10 parts of zymophyte, 3-6 parts of enzyme preparation and trace element；
The alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer is made with the following method：
(A) hickory nut husk, lignin, sugar residue, plant ash and zymophyte are weighed respectively according to proportioning, be uniformly mixed, be used in combination
The moisture of seaweed liquid modulation compost is 30-35%, pH 5.5-7.5；And leading in the bottom of compost installation oxygen increasing equipment
Tracheae, is covered compost with film, starts oxygen increasing equipment, inputs oxygen, carries out aerobic fermentation 4-6 days, obtains one time fermentation thing
Material；The temperature of the aerobic fermentation is 40-55 DEG C, humidity 80-85%；
(B) one time fermentation material is transported to the second fermentation field to stir uniformly, by proportioning addition marine algae extract and biological bacteria, mixed
Close uniformly, carry out secondary compost fermentation 2-4 days, obtain secondary fermentation material；The temperature of the secondary compost fermentation is 40-50
DEG C, humidity 80-85%；
(C) secondary fermentation material is stirred into 2-3 after, the material of secondary fermentation is crushed with pulverizer, and whole mistakes
Sieve, the mixed material after being sieved；
(D) high activity extracted is added in ocean in mixed material beneficial to bacterial strain, it is marine organisms calcium powder, basic protein fraction powder, micro-
Secondary element compound and enzyme preparation, stir evenly, and being granulated production technology using low temperature cold refines into granular fertilizer, up to described
Alkaline biology enzyme fertilizer finished product.
3. the method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the outer fruit of the hickory nut
The mass ratio of shell, lignin and sugar residue is 4：2：1.
4. the method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the enzyme preparation is matter
Amount is than being 2：1 metalloproteinases and poly- carbon enzyme.
5. the method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described trace element by
Silicon, calcium, magnesium, zinc, selenium and molybdenum composition, its weight ratio is 4-8：3-6：3-5：0.5-1：0.01-0.15：0.05-0.1.
6. the method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) 2. described in
Alkaline hickory nut special fertilizer be made of the component of following parts by weight：3-10 parts by weight bacillus, 10-50 parts by weight have
Machine fertilizer, 5-15 parts by weight enzyme preparation and, 5-35 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer；
The organic fertilizer is that mass ratio is 3：1 sugar residue and lignin；
The enzyme preparation is that mass ratio is 2：1 metalloproteinases and poly- carbon enzyme；The inorganic fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, in potash fertilizer extremely
Few one kind.
7. the method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3) a or (3) b
The medicament A is 1 by mass ratio：900 ~ 1200 fungicide and water composition.
8. the method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the fungicide is by following
Parts by weight component forms：15 ~ 20 parts of difenoconazoles, 10 ~ 15 parts of propiconazoles, 8 ~ 10 parts of 1,2- benzisothiazole-3-ketones,
6 ~ 8 parts of D-Glucoses, 15 ~ 18 parts of emulsifying agents and 5 ~ 8 parts of cosolvents.
9. the method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the emulsifying agent is the moon
Cinnamic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether；The cosolvent is sodium benzoate, water
Poplar acid sodium or calcium lactate.
10. the method for integrated control of hickory nut dry rot as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (4)
Medical protection layer is 1 by mass ratio：Fungicide and lime composition described in 90 ~ 120 claim 3 ~ 5 any one.
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| CN113951022A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-21 | 浙江石原金牛化工有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating root diseases of hickory |
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