CN107873446A - A kind of implantation methods of rhizoma atractylodis - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of rhizoma atractylodis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ripe rhizoma atractylodis Sexual breed technology, and improve the speed of growth of rhizoma atractylodis, rhizoma atractylodis planting percent, rhizoma atractylodis seedling quality rhizoma atractylodis implantation methods, planting percent brings up to more than 90% by 30% or so of prior art, improves 60 percentage points.Method provided by the invention is cost-effective, shortens rhizoma atractylodis cultivation period, in 100 mu of the rhizoma atractylodis seed seedling-raising in Yao Zhihe and flood forest farm, it is bred as 10,000,000 plants of high-quality Baokang rhizoma atractylodis seed seedlings, field production is put into, is cost-effective more than 900,000 yuan of medicinal herb grower, speed foreshortens to repoductive time 2 years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of medicinal plant, specifically a kind of implantation methods of rhizoma atractylodis.
Background technology
Rhizoma atractylodis, composite family [WTBX herbaceos perennial.Root-like stock lies down or oblique ascension, adventitious root.Stem is upright, high reachable
100 centimetres, single raw or a small number of stems came off into fasciation, base portion leaf florescence；Several stockless of middle and lower part cauline leaf, circle, obovate, deflection ovum
Shape, elliptical or oval shape, more than middle part or only top cauline leaf does not divide, long avette, the oblong of falling ovate or oblong,
Whole leaf hard papers, two sides green, hairless, edge or valve margin have needle prick shape echinid or triangle ratchet or remise tooth.Head
Locusta list life stem branch top, involucre mitriform, bract needle prick shape pinniform is totally cleaved or drastic crack.Small floral white, the achene shape of falling oval, quilt
The white long broad wool of dense forward patch volt, pappus bristle brown or dirty white, yield positive results the 6-10 months.Rhizoma atractylodis suitable spring, autumn
Two seasons excavated, and removed silt, dried, remove fibrous root.Rhizoma atractylodis, which mainly contain volatile ingredient, to be included：Volatile oil about 5%-9%, volatilization
Main component is atractylol in oil.Atractylol is the mixture of β eucalyptols and hair atractylol, and both content ratios are 6：4, rhizoma atractylodis
Containing atractylone, Atisine chloride Atractydin etc. in rhizome, rhizoma atractylodis also contain involatile constituent in addition, and involatile constituent is including polysaccharide etc..
Rhizoma atractylodis resource is mainly derived from wild, rare artificial growth, and rhizoma atractylodis wild resource is gradually rare at present, wild
Turn artificial growth experiment because prior art is also not up to certain maturity, so per unit area yield is relatively low.Cultivation yield is very few, heavier
The reason wanted is that existing rhizoma atractylodis propagation method is to use this asexual reproduction method of division propagation, few sexual numerous
Grow, influence the good child-rearing and evolution of rhizoma atractylodis, and the planting technology of existing rhizoma atractylodis is still not mature enough, and the rhizoma atractylodis speed of growth is slow, the cycle
It is long, it is difficult to form industrial scale in a short time.
Therefore, it is necessary to work out the rhizoma atractylodis Sexual breed technology of maturation, and the speed of growth of rhizoma atractylodis, rhizoma atractylodis seedling are improved
Rate, rhizoma atractylodis seedling quality, to form genuine rhizoma atractylodis industry size in a short time.
The content of the invention
The mesh of the present invention aims to provide a kind of ripe rhizoma atractylodis Sexual breed technology, and improves the speed of growth, grey of rhizoma atractylodis
Art planting percent, rhizoma atractylodis seedling quality rhizoma atractylodis implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, the rhizoma atractylodis seed that maturity is consistent, dry；
(2) processing of seed and germination test：Rhizoma atractylodis seed is sealed with sealed bag first, 48h is placed at -20 DEG C,
It is dipped to again at 15 DEG C in 20% Macrogol 4000 solution after 24h, takes out, dried with filter paper, be finally put at 15 DEG C
After soaking 2h in 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, dried with filter paper, cultivated in 15 DEG C of insulating box by germinating bed of filter paper.
Filter paper has the advantage that cost is low, is easy to seed and filter paper to separate as germinating bed, can shadow under conditions of high humidity
The sprouting of rhizoma atractylodis seeds is rung, therefore is first dried after seed is taken out from soak, is placed to being sent out on the germinating bed of filter paper
Bud is tested, and is advantageous to rhizoma atractylodis seed and is normally germinateed.
(3) wait to prepare with broadcasting：Planting site selection PH is 5.5-6.5, the tailo at height above sea level 600-1600 rice, summer sunshade
Net, and moisturizing cooling of spraying water, planting site choose the hillside fields with wild plants such as green bristlegrass, wild broomcorn millets, and the gradient is 20-40 degree,
The hillside fields for choosing the wild plants such as green bristlegrass, wild broomcorn millet is because the root system of the wild plant such as growth green bristlegrass, wild broomcorn millet can be enriched with greatly
The organic matters such as phosphate fertilizer are measured, the nutriment of abundance is provided for rhizoma atractylodis, wild plant is removed, is turned in August, are turned over again once before plantation,
Hoe is occupied when turning over and deep-cuts plantation plot, depth reaches 20cm；It is dry and comfortable to carry out the plot of Soil tillage, it is not muddy, along the gradient
Begin to rehearse ditch, and depth of drainage ditch is no more than 15cm, the insertion of ditch ditch, a width of 75-100cm of furrow that ditch is formed.
(4) plant：2 months-March, the seedling of germination is laterally ditched, plant spacing is 10cm, trench depth 3-5cm
Mode carry out drilling, prevent trench depth too deeply hinder rhizoma atractylodis seedling ejection.And apply the urea of 0.3kg/ mus, 45kg/ mus
Potassium superphosphate and 45kg/ mus potassium sulfate, while spray 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, inoculated with VA mycorhiza, and spray 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium,
First cover upper 1-1.5cm fertile soil, after cover it is withered fall pine needle as covering, it is withered fall pine needle can improve rhizoma atractylodis as covering
The emergence rate of plant can also play a part of strong sprout, be sheltered from heat or light using sunshade net in growth of seedling process mild or moderate.
VA bacterium and EM bacterium collaboration use can improve the microorganism structure of soil, and obtain collaboration increase the soil organism,
Improve the synergy of rhizoma atractylodis plant resistance against diseases.With the growth of plant, the root system of plant, which can secret out of, is unfavorable for soil bacteria
System's growth and survival, so during rhizoma atractylodis plant strain growth, will carry out the fungus strain in supplement soil, edaphon is organic
Play an important roll in Agro-ecological System, VA bacterium and EM bacterium play decomposing organic matter in rhizoma atractylodis plant rhizosphere nutrition, release
Positive role with storing up nutrient, the dissimilation of rhizosphere mushroom can promote the material in environment to convert, and be carried for rhizoma atractylodis plant
For nutrition, the content of the soil organism can be increased by giving full play to the vigor of edaphon, be increase soil fertility, loose soil
Earth, improve soil texture, greatly improve soil quality, and then improve rhizoma atractylodis plant strain growth soil environment, improve rhizoma atractylodis plant
Competitiveness to weeds and pair and rush resistivity also.
(5) field management：1) weeding should loosen the soil early, it is shallow after first depth, root is not injured, by side weeds hand around seedling
Pull out, plant Feng Hanghou, shallow hoe weeding, appropriate ridging；2) early April applies the urea of 0.3kg/ mus and sprays 200 times of liquid 1 of EM bacterium
It is secondary；Increase 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus the 5-7 months again, keep plant luxuriant；The 7-8 months, apply the mistake of 45kg/ mus
Potassium phosphate, finally apply 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus, yield positive results the phase, impose the peroxophosphoric acid for adding 45kg/ mus
200 times of potassium, the potassium sulfate of 45kg/ mus and EM bacterium liquid；3) culturing and transplanting seedlings, by rhizoma atractylodis plantlet of transplant that individual plant is more than 15g to big
Field is managed；4) pregnant flower bud blooms, and consumes nutrient, before plant buddings and not yet bloomed, selects fine day, plucks flower bud by stages and in groups；
Prevent from plucking blade when plucking flower bud and shake root system, suitable one holds stem, plucks flower bud on the other hand, in addition to 2-3, top bud is left, remaining is equal
It should remove.
200 times of liquid of EM bacterium and urea, potassium superphosphate and potassium sulfate are applied in planting site simultaneously, and the height of rhizoma atractylodis plant is stretched
Facilitation, and the mode energy that 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium and urea, potassium superphosphate and potassium sulfate apply simultaneously are cooperateed with significant
There is synergy to the size of rhizoma atractylodis rhizome, while the death rate of rhizoma atractylodis seed seedling-raising can also be reduced.EM bacterium and fertilizer
The nutritional condition of rhizoma atractylodis plant can be improved and strengthen the metabolism of plant by applying together, promote plant strain growth, and produce are made in increase
Amount, quality is improved, and plant pest can be mitigated.
Early April applies instant nitrogenousfertilizer 1 time, to promote the rapid robust growth of seedling；5-7 month plant are entered by nutrient growth peak period
Enter pregnant flower bud phase, can suitably increase 1 nitrogenous fertilizer, keep plant luxuriant.The 7-8 months, plant enter generative growth phase, underground rhizome
Increase is expanded rapidly, when this period is rhizoma atractylodis fertilizer requirement maximum, main potassium application, it should be noted that control nitrogen fertilizer amount, such as
Using excessive, then plant strain growth is excessively prosperous, reduces plant resistance against diseases.Yield positive results the phase, 1%-2% potassium dihydrogen phosphates or mistake can be used
Calcium phosphate, foliage fertilization is carried out, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is increased, extends the functional period of blade, increase the accumulation of dry, rhizome is expanded
It is highly beneficial.
(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Using SC1000 times of liquid of 500g/L iprodiones, WP500 times of liquid of 70% Propineb and 70% first
Disease initial phase of the base thiophanate in mid or late April-by the end of June is sprayed, and sprinkling in every 3 days once, was sprayed every 7 days of the 7-8 months
Once, (September-October) is sprayed once for every 5 days in the fall.
Rhizoma atractylodis are common black spot, root knot nematode disease, southern blight etc., during insect pest preventing and controlling, using the different bacterium of 500g/L
SC1000 times of liquid of urea, WP500 times of liquid of 70% Propineb and 70% thiophanate methyl medicament are used in combination, and can promote rhizoma atractylodis plant
Height growth, deposits use of the seedling rate also above single medicament, therefore during the use of three kinds of medicaments there is collaboration to improve rhizoma atractylodis plant
The effect of survival rate.When at the initial stage of a disease, spray frequency is improved, sprays a medicament, in the 7-8 months, the weather of high temperature within every 3 days
So that disease is not susceptible to, sprinkling frequency reduces, in the fall when, disease is easily sent out, then improves the frequency of sprinkling medicament.
(7) pick and process.
Further improvement of the present invention, in the processing of seed and germination test step, whole shading treatment.Illumination is for grey
The vigor ability of art seed plays reaction, and illumination can reduce the speed of germinating and germination percentage of rhizoma atractylodis seed, and in rhizoma atractylodis kind
Sub- sprouting period, which gives illumination, can increase the content of MDA in seed, and then seed inner cell and film are damaged, simultaneously
Illumination also reduces the activity of seed hydrogen peroxide enzyme, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, influences the life of rhizoma atractylodis seed
Long development.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, using the implantation methods of rhizoma atractylodis of the present invention, bred with rhizoma atractylodis seed, planting percent is by the 30% of prior art
Left and right brings up to more than 90%, improves 60 percentage points.
2nd, the natural kind property of rhizoma atractylodis is maintained.Because wild rhizoma atractylodis seminal propagation success rate is relatively low, rely on for a long time
Vegetative propagation, variety deterioration are can hardly be avoided, and the present invention, can be by property excellent in rhizoma atractylodis nature moral character using generative propagation
It can remain behind, be advantageous to the breeding and evolution of rhizoma atractylodis plant, the seed selection engineering important role to high-quality rhizoma atractylodis plant.
3rd, it is cost-effective, shorten rhizoma atractylodis cultivation period, in Yao Zhihe and 100 mu of the rhizoma atractylodis seed seedling-raising in flood forest farm, educate
Into 10,000,000 plants of high-quality Baokang rhizoma atractylodis seed seedlings, field production is put into, is cost-effective more than 900,000 yuan of medicinal herb grower, speed is by breeding
2 years time.
4th, the implantation methods of rhizoma atractylodis of the invention, the yield increase effect of rhizoma atractylodis seminal propagation is realized, according to current production
Level, rhizoma atractylodis stem tuber plant every mu of average product 1000kg, and rhizoma atractylodis generative propagation seedling is averagely per more than per mu yield 1500kg, originally
Average every mu of the rhizoma atractylodis generative propagation seedling of invention can increase production more than 500kg, and fresh rhizoma atractylodis are calculated by 10.0 yuan/kg, average
Every mu can increase economic benefit more than 5000 yuan.
Specific embodiment
The present invention be used for implement material be：The genuine rhizoma atractylodis seed in Xiangyang City Baokang County, Jingmen Jingshan County rhizoma atractylodis seed,
Henan Province's rhizoma atractylodis seed, EM bacterium solutions (pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd of Shen Zhenjin villages), urea (N content 46%), calcium superphosphate (effectively contain
Measure for 16%), potassium sulfate (active ingredient K2O be 51%), thiophanate methyl (Longdeng Chemical Co Ltd, Jiangsu).
It is the implementation of the present invention man of Hubei Province Baokang County Ma Qiao Zhenan County gulf, Hubei Province Baokang County Ma Qiao towns Tang Erhe, lake
Bei Sheng Baokang Counties Ma Qiao Zhen Huangwan, Hubei Province Baokang County Ma Qiao towns Yao Zhihe, Hubei Province Baokang County flood forest farm.
First, seed treatment and the experimental example of germination：
Experimental example 1：
(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, the genuine rhizoma atractylodis in Xiangyang City Baokang County that maturity is consistent, dry
Seed；
(2) processing of seed and germination test：
Rhizoma atractylodis seed is sealed with sealed bag first, 48h is placed at -20 DEG C, then be dipped at 15 DEG C in running water
After 26h, take out, dried with filter paper, cultivated in 15 DEG C of insulating box by germinating bed of filter paper.
Experimental example 2：
(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, the genuine rhizoma atractylodis in Xiangyang City Baokang County that maturity is consistent, dry
Seed；
(2) processing of seed and germination test：Rhizoma atractylodis seed is dipped to 20% Macrogol 4000 at 15 DEG C first
In solution after 24h, take out, dried with filter paper, be finally put at 15 DEG C after soaking 2h in running water, dried with filter paper at 15 DEG C
Insulating box in cultivated by germinating bed of filter paper.
Experimental example 3：
(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, the genuine rhizoma atractylodis in Xiangyang City Baokang County that maturity is consistent, dry
Seed；
(2) processing of seed and germination test：Rhizoma atractylodis seed is dipped in running water after 24h at 15 DEG C first, taken
Go out, dried with filter paper, be finally put into after soaking 2h in 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, dried with filter paper, in 15 DEG C of insulating box at 15 DEG C
In cultivated by germinating bed of filter paper.
Experimental example 4：
(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, the genuine rhizoma atractylodis in Xiangyang City Baokang County that maturity is consistent, dry
Seed；
(2) processing of seed and germination test：Rhizoma atractylodis seed is sealed with sealed bag first, 48h is placed at -20 DEG C,
It is dipped to again at 15 DEG C in 20% Macrogol 4000 solution after 24h, takes out, dried with filter paper, be finally put at 15 DEG C
After soaking 2h in 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, dried with filter paper, cultivated in 15 DEG C of insulating box by germinating bed of filter paper.
Experimental result：
Germination standard provides have obvious radicle " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally " to be considered as germination according to international seed association (ISTA).
Count germination percentage (culture 9d), germination percentage (culture 6d)：
Germination percentage (%)=(n1/N) × 100
Germinating energy (%)=(n2/N) × 100
N1 --- the seed number finally germinateed
N2 --- chitting piece number in the stipulated time
N --- for planting experimentally sub- sum
The germinating energy and germination percentage of the experimental example of table 1
| Specific embodiment | Germinating energy (%) | Germination percentage (%) |
| Experimental example 1 | 63.00 | 68.00 |
| Experimental example 2 | 62.33 | 65.67 |
| Experimental example 3 | 60.00 | 62.00 |
| Experimental example 4 | 73.67 | 78.00 |
By the experimental result of table 1 it is known that with freezing processing, 20% Macrogol 4000 handles and 200 times of EM bacterium
Liquid Combined Treatment, the germination percentage of seed reach 78%, and seed, therefore, this freezing processing, 20% poly- second are handled higher than single method
The processing of glycol 4000 and 200 times of EM bacterium, three kinds of liquid method, which combine processing, has synergy, the common germination for improving rhizoma atractylodis seed
Gesture and germination percentage, laid a solid foundation to improve the yield of follow-up rhizoma atractylodis.
The optimal temperature that rhizoma atractylodis seed is sprouted is 15 DEG C, therefore it is to be cultivated at 15 DEG C to keep insulating box, Ke Yibao
The highest germination percentage that seed in link is sprouted in seed is demonstrate,proved, is provided safeguard for the high production yield rate of follow-up rhizoma atractylodis, using constant temperature 15
The sprouting for carrying out seed under conditions of DEG C has great advantage compared to the environment of alternating temperature under natural conditions, in natural alternating temperature
Under the conditions of, it is unfavorable for the sprouting of rhizoma atractylodis seed, the germination percentage of rhizoma atractylodis seed is extremely low；2nd, using freezing processing, 20% polyethylene glycol
4000 processing and 200 times of liquid Combined Treatments of EM bacterium, because containing certain germination inhicbitor in the cotyledon and plumular axis of vegetable seeds
Matter, only just possessing by the low temperature or chemical substance treatment seed of regular period has germinating capacity, and low temperature is to preserve seed
The key factor of vigor, the sprouting of seed can be promoted；3rd, the Macrogol 4000 of suitable concentration can promote the sprouting of rhizoma atractylodis seed,
And the enhancing of seed hydrogen peroxide enzyme, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity can be promoted；4th, EM bacterium are by photosynthetic
The section 10 of bacterium, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete and Fermented linear bacterium etc. 5 belongs to 80 multiple-microorganisms and is combined, and EM bacterium can improve seed
Germination percentage, and can improve the seed seedling-raising stage deposits seedling rate, can be drawn by data, with freezing processing, 20% polyethylene glycol
4000 processing and 200 times of liquid Combined Treatments of EM bacterium, the germination percentage of seed reaches 78%, higher than single or place is used in conjunction in method two-by-two
Seed is managed, therefore these three methods have synergy, the common germination percentage for improving rhizoma atractylodis seed, to improve the production of follow-up rhizoma atractylodis
Amount is laid a solid foundation.
2nd, the experimental example of diseases prevention medicament：
Experimental example 8：Test field：Yao controls the river pears Huashan, and height above sea level is 1600 meters of planting site.
(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, the genuine rhizoma atractylodis seed in Baokang County that maturity is consistent, dry；
(2) processing of seed and germination test：Rhizoma atractylodis seed is sealed with sealed bag first, 48h is placed at -20 DEG C,
It is dipped to again at 15 DEG C in 20% Macrogol 4000 solution after 24h, takes out, dried with filter paper, be finally put at 15 DEG C
After soaking 2h in 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, dried, cultivated in 15 DEG C of insulating box by germinating bed of filter paper, seed with filter paper
Processing and germination test whole process shading treatment.
(3) wait to prepare with broadcasting：Planting site selection PH is 5.5-6.5, the tailo at 1600 meters of height above sea level, summer sunshade net,
And moisturizing of spraying water cools, planting site chooses the hillside fields with wild plants such as green bristlegrass, wild broomcorn millets, and the gradient is 20-40 degree, removes
Wild plant, turn in August, turned over again once before plantation, hoe is occupied when turning over and deep-cuts plantation plot, depth reaches 20cm；Enter
The plot of row Soil tillage is dry and comfortable, not muddy, is begun to rehearse ditch along the gradient, and depth of drainage ditch is no more than 15cm, the insertion of ditch ditch, ditch
The a width of 75-100cm of furrow of formation.Choose 10 mu of progress pest and disease damage pharmacy test lands used.
(4) plant：2 months-March, the seedling of germination is laterally ditched, plant spacing is 10cm, trench depth 3-5cm
Mode carry out drilling, and apply the potassium sulfate of the urea of 0.3kg/ mus, the potassium superphosphate of 45kg/ mus and 45kg/ mus, spray simultaneously
Apply 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, inoculated with VA mycorhiza, and spray 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, first cover upper 1-1.5cm fertile soil, after cover it is withered fall
Pine needle shelters from heat or light as covering in growth of seedling process mild or moderate.
(5) field management：1) weeding should loosen the soil early, it is shallow after first depth, root is not injured, by side weeds hand around seedling
Pull out, plant Feng Hanghou, shallow hoe weeding, appropriate ridging；2) early April applies the urea of 0.3kg/ mus and sprays 200 times of liquid 1 of EM bacterium
It is secondary；Increase 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus the 5-7 months again, keep plant luxuriant；The 7-8 months, apply the mistake of 45kg/ mus
Potassium phosphate, finally apply 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus, yield positive results the phase, impose the peroxophosphoric acid for adding 45kg/ mus
200 times of potassium, the potassium sulfate of 45kg/ mus and EM bacterium liquid；3) culturing and transplanting seedlings, by rhizoma atractylodis plantlet of transplant that individual plant is more than 15g to big
Field is managed；4) pregnant flower bud blooms, and consumes nutrient, before plant buddings and not yet bloomed, selects fine day, plucks flower bud by stages and in groups；
Prevent from plucking blade when plucking flower bud and shake root system, suitable one holds stem, plucks flower bud on the other hand, in addition to 2-3, top bud is left, remaining is equal
It should remove.
(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Using SC1000 times of liquid of 500g/L iprodiones mid or late April-by the end of June disease initial phase
Sprayed, sprinkling in every 3 days once, in the sprinkling of every 7 days of the 7-8 months once, is sprayed once for every 5 days in the fall.
(7) pick and process.
Experimental example 9：Test field：Yao controls the river pears Huashan, and height above sea level is 1600 meters of planting site.
Step (1)-(5) with experimental example 8,
(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Entered using disease initial phase of the WP500 times of liquid of 70% Propineb in mid or late April-by the end of June
Row sprinkling, sprinkling in every 3 days once, in the sprinkling of every 7 days of the 7-8 months once, are sprayed once for every 5 days in the fall.
(7) pick and process.
Experimental example 10：Test field：Yao controls the river pears Huashan, and height above sea level is 1600 meters of planting site.
Step (1)-(5) with experimental example 8,
(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Carried out using disease initial phase of the 70% thiophanate methyl medicament in mid or late April-by the end of June
Sprinkling, sprinkling in every 3 days once, in the sprinkling of every 7 days of the 7-8 months once, are sprayed once for every 5 days in the fall.
(7) pick and process.
Experimental example 11：Test field：Yao controls the river pears Huashan, and height above sea level is 1600 meters of planting site.
Step (1)-(5) with experimental example 8,
(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Using SC1000 times of liquid of 500g/L iprodiones, WP500 times of liquid of 70% Propineb and 70% first
Disease initial phase of the base thiophanate drug combination in mid or late April-by the end of June is sprayed, and sprinkling in every 3 days is once, every in the 7-8 months
Sprinkling in 7 days once, is sprayed once for every 5 days in the fall.
(7) pick and process.
Blank example 12：Test field：Yao controls the river pears Huashan, and height above sea level is 1600 meters of planting site.
Step (1)-(5) with experimental example 8,
(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Without using any diseases prevention medicament, in identical spraying time, interval is sprayed, sprays equal amount
Clear water.
(7) pick and process.
Experimental result：
The influence that the different agents of table 2 are fallen ill to Baokang County rhizoma atractylodis
| Specific embodiment | Disease index | Diseased plant rate (%) | Protection effect (%) |
| Experimental example 8 | 18.75 | 29.91 | 56.13 |
| Experimental example 9 | 20.37 | 33.86 | 52.34 |
| Experimental example 10 | 21.75 | 31.22 | 49.11 |
| Experimental example 11 | 5.63 | 10.79 | 86.83 |
| Blank example 12 | 42.74 | 53.72 | -- |
Disease index=∑ (the sick numbers of sheets at different levels × corresponding series)/(investigation total number of sheets × 9) × 100
The state of an illness of protection effect (%)=(disease index after disease index-processing of blank control)/blank control refers to
Number × 100
Diseased plant rate (%)=total seedling number × 100 of disease plant number/investigation
It can be obtained by table 2, experimental example 11 is that the prevention effect that is used in combination of three kinds of medicaments reaches 86.83%, far above any
Single (the experimental example 8- experimental examples 10) of three kinds of medicaments uses, therefore during the use of three kinds of medicaments there is collaboration to improve rhizoma atractylodis plant
Protection effect, the effect for improving rhizoma atractylodis n plant survival rate.
3rd, embodiment
Embodiment 1：
(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, maturity is consistent, quantity is equal, dry Xiangyang City protect
The genuine rhizoma atractylodis seed in Kang County, Jingmen Jingshan County rhizoma atractylodis seed, Henan Province's rhizoma atractylodis seed；
(2) processing of seed and germination test：Rhizoma atractylodis seed is sealed with sealed bag first, 48h is placed at -20 DEG C,
It is dipped to again at 15 DEG C in 20% Macrogol 4000 solution after 24h, takes out, dried with filter paper, be finally put at 15 DEG C
After soaking 2h in 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, dried, cultivated in 15 DEG C of insulating box by germinating bed of filter paper, seed with filter paper
Processing and germination test step in, whole shading treatment.
(3) wait to prepare with broadcasting：Planting site selection PH is 5.5-6.5, the tailo at 600 meters of height above sea level, summer sunshade net, and
And water spray moisturizing cooling, planting site choose the hillside fields with wild plants such as green bristlegrass, wild broomcorn millets, the gradient is 20-40 degree, is removed wild
Plant, turn in August, turned over again once before plantation, hoe is occupied when turning over and deep-cuts plantation plot, depth reaches 20cm；Carry out
The plot of Soil tillage is dry and comfortable, not muddy, is begun to rehearse ditch along the gradient, and depth of drainage ditch is no more than 15cm, the insertion of ditch ditch, ditch shape
Into a width of 75-100cm of furrow.
(4) plant：2 months-March, the seedling of germination is laterally ditched, plant spacing is 10cm, trench depth 3-5cm
Mode carry out drilling, and apply the potassium sulfate of the urea of 0.3kg/ mus, the potassium superphosphate of 45kg/ mus and 45kg/ mus, spray simultaneously
Apply 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, inoculated with VA mycorhiza, and spray 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, first cover upper 1-1.5cm fertile soil, after cover it is withered fall
Pine needle shelters from heat or light as covering in growth of seedling process mild or moderate.
(5) field management：1) weeding should loosen the soil early, it is shallow after first depth, root is not injured, by side weeds hand around seedling
Pull out, plant Feng Hanghou, shallow hoe weeding, appropriate ridging；2) early April applies the urea of 0.3kg/ mus and sprays 200 times of liquid 1 of EM bacterium
It is secondary；Increase 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus the 5-7 months again, keep plant luxuriant；The 7-8 months, apply the mistake of 45kg/ mus
Potassium phosphate, finally apply 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus, yield positive results the phase, impose the peroxophosphoric acid for adding 45kg/ mus
200 times of potassium, the potassium sulfate of 45kg/ mus and EM bacterium liquid；3) culturing and transplanting seedlings, by rhizoma atractylodis plantlet of transplant that individual plant is more than 15g to big
Field is managed；4) pregnant flower bud blooms, and consumes nutrient, before plant buddings and not yet bloomed, selects fine day, plucks flower bud by stages and in groups；
Prevent from plucking blade when plucking flower bud and shake root system, suitable one holds stem, plucks flower bud on the other hand, in addition to 2-3, top bud is left, remaining is equal
It should remove.
(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Sprayed using 70% thiophanate methyl in mid or late April, sprinkling in every 7 days is once.
(7) pick and process.
Embodiment 2：
(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, maturity is consistent, quantity is equal, dry Xiangyang City protect
The genuine rhizoma atractylodis seed in Kang County, Jingmen Jingshan County rhizoma atractylodis seed, Henan Province's rhizoma atractylodis seed；
(2) processing of seed and germination test：Rhizoma atractylodis seed is sealed with sealed bag first, 48h is placed at -20 DEG C,
It is dipped to again at 15 DEG C in 20% Macrogol 4000 solution after 24h, takes out, dried with filter paper, be finally put at 15 DEG C
After soaking 2h in 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, dried, cultivated in 15 DEG C of insulating box by germinating bed of filter paper, seed with filter paper
Processing and germination test step in, whole shading treatment.
(3) wait to prepare with broadcasting：Planting site selection PH is 5.5-6.5, the tailo at 800 meters of height above sea level, summer sunshade net, and
And water spray moisturizing cooling, planting site choose the hillside fields with wild plants such as green bristlegrass, wild broomcorn millets, the gradient is 20-40 degree, is removed wild
Plant, turn in August, turned over again once before plantation, hoe is occupied when turning over and deep-cuts plantation plot, depth reaches 20cm；Carry out
The plot of Soil tillage is dry and comfortable, not muddy, is begun to rehearse ditch along the gradient, and depth of drainage ditch is no more than 15cm, the insertion of ditch ditch, ditch shape
Into a width of 75-100cm of furrow.
(4) plant：2 months-March, the seedling of germination is laterally ditched, plant spacing is 10cm, trench depth 3-5cm
Mode carry out drilling, and apply the potassium sulfate of the urea of 0.3kg/ mus, the potassium superphosphate of 45kg/ mus and 45kg/ mus, spray simultaneously
Apply 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, inoculated with VA mycorhiza, and spray 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, first cover upper 1-1.5cm fertile soil, after cover it is withered fall
Pine needle shelters from heat or light as covering in growth of seedling process mild or moderate.
(5) field management：1) weeding should loosen the soil early, it is shallow after first depth, root is not injured, by side weeds hand around seedling
Pull out, plant Feng Hanghou, shallow hoe weeding, appropriate ridging；2) early April applies the urea of 0.3kg/ mus and sprays 200 times of liquid 1 of EM bacterium
It is secondary；Increase 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus the 5-7 months again, keep plant luxuriant；The 7-8 months, apply the mistake of 45kg/ mus
Potassium phosphate, finally apply 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus, yield positive results the phase, impose the peroxophosphoric acid for adding 45kg/ mus
200 times of potassium, the potassium sulfate of 45kg/ mus and EM bacterium liquid；3) culturing and transplanting seedlings, by rhizoma atractylodis plantlet of transplant that individual plant is more than 15g to big
Field is managed；4) pregnant flower bud blooms, and consumes nutrient, before plant buddings and not yet bloomed, selects fine day, plucks flower bud by stages and in groups；
Prevent from plucking blade when plucking flower bud and shake root system, suitable one holds stem, plucks flower bud on the other hand, in addition to 2-3, top bud is left, remaining is equal
It should remove.
(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Sprayed using 70% thiophanate methyl in mid or late April, sprinkling in every 7 days is once.
(7) pick and process.
Embodiment 3：
(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, maturity is consistent, quantity is equal, dry Xiangyang City protect
The genuine rhizoma atractylodis seed in Kang County, Jingmen Jingshan County rhizoma atractylodis seed, Henan Province's rhizoma atractylodis seed；
(2) processing of seed and germination test：Rhizoma atractylodis seed is sealed with sealed bag first, 48h is placed at -20 DEG C,
It is dipped to again at 15 DEG C in 20% Macrogol 4000 solution after 24h, takes out, dried with filter paper, be finally put at 15 DEG C
After soaking 2h in 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, dried, cultivated in 15 DEG C of insulating box by germinating bed of filter paper, seed with filter paper
Processing and germination test step in, whole shading treatment.
(3) wait to prepare with broadcasting：Planting site selection PH is 5.5-6.5, the tailo at 1600 meters of height above sea level, summer sunshade net,
And moisturizing of spraying water cools, planting site chooses the hillside fields with wild plants such as green bristlegrass, wild broomcorn millets, and the gradient is 20-40 degree, removes
Wild plant, turn in August, turned over again once before plantation, hoe is occupied when turning over and deep-cuts plantation plot, depth reaches 20cm；Enter
The plot of row Soil tillage is dry and comfortable, not muddy, is begun to rehearse ditch along the gradient, and depth of drainage ditch is no more than 15cm, the insertion of ditch ditch, ditch
The a width of 75-100cm of furrow of formation.
(4) plant：2 months-March, the seedling of germination is laterally ditched, plant spacing is 10cm, trench depth 3-5cm
Mode carry out drilling, and apply the potassium sulfate of the urea of 0.3kg/ mus, the potassium superphosphate of 45kg/ mus and 45kg/ mus, spray simultaneously
Apply 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, inoculated with VA mycorhiza, and spray 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, first cover upper 1-1.5cm fertile soil, after cover it is withered fall
Pine needle shelters from heat or light as covering in growth of seedling process mild or moderate.
(5) field management：1) weeding should loosen the soil early, it is shallow after first depth, root is not injured, by side weeds hand around seedling
Pull out, plant Feng Hanghou, shallow hoe weeding, appropriate ridging；2) early April applies the urea of 0.3kg/ mus and sprays 200 times of liquid 1 of EM bacterium
It is secondary；Increase 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus the 5-7 months again, keep plant luxuriant；The 7-8 months, apply the mistake of 45kg/ mus
Potassium phosphate, finally apply 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus, yield positive results the phase, impose the peroxophosphoric acid for adding 45kg/ mus
200 times of potassium, the potassium sulfate of 45kg/ mus and EM bacterium liquid；3) culturing and transplanting seedlings, by rhizoma atractylodis plantlet of transplant that individual plant is more than 15g to big
Field is managed；4) pregnant flower bud blooms, and consumes nutrient, before plant buddings and not yet bloomed, selects fine day, plucks flower bud by stages and in groups；
Prevent from plucking blade when plucking flower bud and shake root system, suitable one holds stem, plucks flower bud on the other hand, in addition to 2-3, top bud is left, remaining is equal
It should remove.
(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Sprayed using 70% thiophanate methyl in mid or late April, sprinkling in every 7 days is once.
(7) pick and process.
Embodiment 4：
(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, maturity is consistent, quantity is equal, dry Xiangyang City protect
The genuine rhizoma atractylodis seed in Kang County, Jingmen Jingshan County rhizoma atractylodis seed, Henan Province's rhizoma atractylodis seed；
(2) processing of seed and germination test：Rhizoma atractylodis seed is sealed with sealed bag first, 48h is placed at -20 DEG C,
It is dipped to again at 15 DEG C in 20% Macrogol 4000 solution after 24h, takes out, dried with filter paper, be finally put at 15 DEG C
After soaking 2h in 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, dried, cultivated in 15 DEG C of insulating box by germinating bed of filter paper, seed with filter paper
Processing and germination test step in, whole shading treatment.
(3) wait to prepare with broadcasting：Planting site selection PH is 5.5-6.5, the tailo at 1600 meters of height above sea level, summer sunshade net,
And moisturizing of spraying water cools, planting site chooses the hillside fields with wild plants such as green bristlegrass, wild broomcorn millets, and the gradient is 20-40 degree, removes
Wild plant, turn in August, turned over again once before plantation, hoe is occupied when turning over and deep-cuts plantation plot, depth reaches 20cm；Enter
The plot of row Soil tillage is dry and comfortable, not muddy, is begun to rehearse ditch along the gradient, and depth of drainage ditch is no more than 15cm, the insertion of ditch ditch, ditch
The a width of 75-100cm of furrow of formation.
(4) plant：2 months-March, the seedling of germination is laterally ditched, plant spacing is 10cm, trench depth 3-5cm
Mode carry out drilling, and apply the potassium sulfate of the urea of 0.3kg/ mus, the potassium superphosphate of 45kg/ mus and 45kg/ mus, spray simultaneously
Apply 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, inoculated with VA mycorhiza, and spray 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, first cover upper 1-1.5cm fertile soil, after cover it is withered fall
Pine needle shelters from heat or light as covering in growth of seedling process mild or moderate.
(5) field management：1) weeding should loosen the soil early, it is shallow after first depth, root is not injured, by side weeds hand around seedling
Pull out, plant Feng Hanghou, shallow hoe weeding, appropriate ridging；2) early April applies the urea of 0.3kg/ mus and sprays 200 times of liquid 1 of EM bacterium
It is secondary；Increase 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus the 5-7 months again, keep plant luxuriant；The 7-8 months, apply the mistake of 45kg/ mus
Potassium phosphate, finally apply 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus, yield positive results the phase, impose the peroxophosphoric acid for adding 45kg/ mus
200 times of potassium, the potassium sulfate of 45kg/ mus and EM bacterium liquid；3) culturing and transplanting seedlings, by rhizoma atractylodis plantlet of transplant that individual plant is more than 15g to big
Field is managed；4) pregnant flower bud blooms, and consumes nutrient, before plant buddings and not yet bloomed, selects fine day, plucks flower bud by stages and in groups；
Prevent from plucking blade when plucking flower bud and shake root system, suitable one holds stem, plucks flower bud on the other hand, in addition to 2-3, top bud is left, remaining is equal
It should remove.
(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Using SC1000 times of liquid of 500g/L iprodiones, WP500 times of liquid of 70% Propineb and 70% first
Disease initial phase of the base thiophanate in mid or late April-by the end of June is sprayed, and sprinkling in every 3 days once, was sprayed every 7 days of the 7-8 months
Once, spray once within every 5 days in the fall.
(7) pick and process.
2nd, embodiment part
The height above sea level of table 3, influence of the insect pest preventing and controlling medicament to rhizoma atractylodis percentage of seedgermination, emergence rate and planting percent
Planting percent (%)=seedling strain number/emergence strain number × 100
Emergence rate (%)=emergence strain number/total strain number × 100
The planting site of Different Altitude Regions is to have an impact significantly to the planting percent of rhizoma atractylodis it can be seen from the embodiment 1-3 of table 3
's.With being continuously increased for height above sea level, the planting percent of rhizoma atractylodis improves constantly, and at 1600 meters of height above sea level, planting percent can reach
66.7%, because the characteristic in rhizoma atractylodis is to like weather that is nice and cool, drying, resist cold, seedling during rhizoma atractylodis seed generative propagation
Rate has the requirement for also passing you to soil and environment, first, the PH of soil will be between 5.5-6.5, second, in weaning period to temperature
Requirement be that maximum temperature is no more than 32 DEG C, day and night temperature is more than 10 DEG C, and therefore, higher regional of height above sea level is felt nice and cool thereafter dry
Dry, maximum temperature is no more than 32 DEG C, and humidity is not high, illumination is not strong, can meet the needs of rhizoma atractylodis high planting percent, therefore, with
The rise of height above sea level, the planting percent of rhizoma atractylodis constantly raises.
The planting percent that can significantly improve rhizoma atractylodis is used in combination in three kinds of diseases prevention medicaments it can be seen from the embodiment 3-4 of table 3,
Highest is up to 94.5%, the uses of three kinds of medicaments of specification can significantly improve rhizoma atractylodis n plant survival rate, improve rhizoma atractylodis plant into
The effect of seedling rate.
According to different regions rhizoma atractylodis seed in embodiment 1-4 it was found that, the rhizoma atractylodis seed of these three cultivar origins：
The genuine rhizoma atractylodis seed in Baokang County, Jingshan County rhizoma atractylodis seed, Henan rhizoma atractylodis seed are sprouted under identical conditions, the difference of seedling
Less, it may be possible to because three kinds of rhizoma atractylodis seeds belong to RHIZOMA ATRACTYLODIS IANCEAE seed, it is little to grow regional environment, geographical sex differernce,
So little to the difference of planting percent.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. implantation methods of rhizoma atractylodis, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：(1) seed is gathered：Gather full grains, without insect pest, the rhizoma atractylodis seed that maturity is consistent, dry；(2) processing of seed and germination test：Rhizoma atractylodis seed is sealed with sealed bag first, places 48h at -20 DEG C, then It is dipped at 15 DEG C in 20% Macrogol 4000 solution after 24h, takes out, dried with filter paper, EM bacterium are finally put at 15 DEG C After soaking 2h in 200 times of liquid, dried with filter paper, cultivated in 15 DEG C of insulating box by germinating bed of filter paper.(3) wait to prepare with broadcasting：Planting site selection PH is 5.5-6.5, the tailo at height above sea level 600-1600 rice, summer sunshade net, And moisturizing of spraying water cools, planting site chooses the hillside fields with wild plants such as green bristlegrass, wild broomcorn millets, and the gradient is 20-40 degree, removes Wild plant, turn in August, turned over again once before plantation, hoe is occupied when turning over and deep-cuts plantation plot, depth reaches 20cm；Enter The plot of row Soil tillage is dry and comfortable, not muddy, is begun to rehearse ditch along the gradient, and depth of drainage ditch is no more than 15cm, the insertion of ditch ditch, ditch The a width of 75-100cm of furrow of formation.(4) plant：2 months-March, by the seedling of germination, laterally trench digging, plant spacing were 10cm, and trench depth is 3-5cm side Formula carries out drilling, and applies the potassium sulfate of the urea of 0.3kg/ mus, the potassium superphosphate of 45kg/ mus and 45kg/ mus, while sprays EM 200 times of liquid of bacterium, inoculated with VA mycorhiza, and spray 200 times of liquid of EM bacterium, first cover upper 1-1.5cm fertile soil, after cover it is withered fall pine needle As covering, shelter from heat or light in growth of seedling process mild or moderate.(5) field management：1) weeding should loosen the soil early, it is shallow after first depth, root is not injured, by side weeds hand-lifting around seedling Remove, plant Feng Hanghou, shallow hoe weeding, appropriate ridging；2) early April applies the urea of 0.3kg/ mus and sprays 200 times of liquid 1 of EM bacterium It is secondary；Increase 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus the 5-7 months again, keep plant luxuriant；The 7-8 months, apply the mistake of 45kg/ mus Potassium phosphate, finally apply 200 times of liquid of urea and EM bacterium of 0.3kg/ mus, yield positive results the phase, impose the peroxophosphoric acid for adding 45kg/ mus 200 times of potassium, the potassium sulfate of 45kg/ mus and EM bacterium liquid；3) culturing and transplanting seedlings, by rhizoma atractylodis plantlet of transplant that individual plant is more than 15g to big Field is managed；4) pregnant flower bud blooms, and consumes nutrient, before plant buddings and not yet bloomed, selects fine day, plucks flower bud by stages and in groups； Prevent from plucking blade when plucking flower bud and shake root system, suitable one holds stem, plucks flower bud on the other hand, in addition to 2-3, top bud is left, remaining is equal It should remove.(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.(7) pick and process.
- 2. the implantation methods of a kind of rhizoma atractylodis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the processing and germination examination of the seed Test in step, whole shading treatment.
- A kind of 3. implantation methods of rhizoma atractylodis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control To use SC1000 times of liquid of 500g/L iprodiones, WP500 times of liquid of 70% Propineb and 70% thiophanate methyl in mid or late April -6 The disease initial phase at the end of month is sprayed, and sprinkling in every 3 days once, in the sprinkling of every 7 days of the 7-8 months once, sprays one in every 5 days in the fall It is secondary.
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| CN109006285A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-12-18 | 武汉叶动力生物科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method improving rhizoma atractylodis setting percentage |
| CN109362515A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-02-22 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of method of Atractylis chinensis seed seedling-raising |
| CN110972864A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 恩施职业技术学院 | Selenium-rich cultivation method for Bigheng white atractylodes rhizome |
| CN112470830A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-12 | 武汉双螺旋生物科技有限公司 | Seed propagation technology of atractylodes lancea of Compositae |
| CN112616406A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-09 | 湖北一地康盛药材科技有限公司 | Fertilizing method for promoting rapid expansion of rhizoma atractylodis seedling tubers |
| CN113243272A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-13 | 忻州师范学院 | High-yield rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae seedling growing and planting method |
| CN113273446A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-08-20 | 江苏茅山地道中药材种植有限公司 | Planting method of Atractylodes lancea |
| CN114946317A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-30 | 东北农业大学 | Method for promoting germination of switchgrass seeds |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109006285A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-12-18 | 武汉叶动力生物科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method improving rhizoma atractylodis setting percentage |
| CN109362515A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-02-22 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of method of Atractylis chinensis seed seedling-raising |
| CN110972864A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 恩施职业技术学院 | Selenium-rich cultivation method for Bigheng white atractylodes rhizome |
| CN113273446A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-08-20 | 江苏茅山地道中药材种植有限公司 | Planting method of Atractylodes lancea |
| CN112470830A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-12 | 武汉双螺旋生物科技有限公司 | Seed propagation technology of atractylodes lancea of Compositae |
| CN112470830B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-07-25 | 武汉双螺旋生物科技有限公司 | Seed propagation technology of rhizoma atractylodis in asteraceae |
| CN112616406A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-09 | 湖北一地康盛药材科技有限公司 | Fertilizing method for promoting rapid expansion of rhizoma atractylodis seedling tubers |
| CN113243272A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-13 | 忻州师范学院 | High-yield rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae seedling growing and planting method |
| CN113243272B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-06-21 | 忻州师范学院 | High-yield rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae seedling growing and planting method |
| CN114946317A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-30 | 东北农业大学 | Method for promoting germination of switchgrass seeds |
| CN114946317B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-08-29 | 东北农业大学 | Method for promoting germination of switchgrass seeds |
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