Background technology
Seafood mushroom scientific name [Hypsizygus marmoreus (Peck) H.E.Bigelow], also known as beautiful gill fungus, spot jade gill fungus,
True pleurotus cornucopiae, quality is tender and crisp, and taste is fresh, has sea crab taste, is referred to as " crab flavour mushroom ", " seafood mushroom " in Japan.It is under the jurisdiction of white mushroom
Section, beautiful gill fungus category, fructification are medium to larger.That nowadays cultivates has light grey and two strains of pure white, and White strain is also known as " white
Beautiful mushroom ", mostly " Yulong mushroom ", factory culture.Bacteria cover diameter 3-15cm.Late summer to autumn raw broad leaf tree withered tree and rotten wood
On, grow thickly.It is a kind of excellent edible mushroom in north temperate zone.It is a kind of health food low in calories, low fat.
Seafood mushroom, the category low form raw bacterium of grass or wood give birth to whiterot fungi, have very high a nutritive value and medical value, and color is clean
In vain, bacterial context is plump, delicate mouthfeel, fragrant, delicious flavour.The Amino Acids in Proteins A wide selection of colours and designs of seafood mushroom, including 8 kinds
Essential amino acid, also containing several polysaccharide bodies, the hot water and extractive with organic solvent of its fructification, which have, removes human body freedom
The effect of base, thus often feeding seafood mushroom have anticancer, anti-cancer, improve immunity, it is pre- it is anti-aging, extend the life-span the effect of.It is a kind of
Edible mushroom with very high nutritive value and medical value, color is pure white, and bacterial context is plump, delicate mouthfeel, fragrant, and taste is fresh
It is beautiful.Its 24--26 DEG C of mycelial growth optimum temperature, 8--18 DEG C of sporophore growth optimum temperature.Autumn and winter cultivate, 50 days cell age phases a left side
The right side, growth cycle 100 days, biological transformation ratio 60--80%.Existing sale price of market per kilogram fresh goods 20-30 members.
In order to meet the market demand, people have invented the bacterium bag cultivation that can improve seafood mushroom yield, are to fill culture medium
Enter cultivating bag to obtain cultivating base rod, after being sterilized, then strain is seeded in and cultivated in base rod.In order to promote mycelia to cover with as early as possible
Bacterium bag, people start using card punch made of wood, iron staff, and it is circular cone to use and middle part is gone up made of plastics as cylinder, bottom
The inoculation hole fixer of body is punched temporarily in inoculation in bacterium bag, and strain is accessed in hollow hole.First punch and carry out strain again
It is high to be inoculated with pollution probability;The gap of strain and cultivating in a fungus bag base is big, and fruiting is irregular and inoculation efficiency is low.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of inoculation method of seafood mushroom culture medium, this method inoculation efficiency is high and can reduce
Strain is inoculated with pollution probability.
The present invention is realized using following technical scheme:
A kind of inoculation method of seafood mushroom culture medium, inoculation step include:
(1)The compost for cultivating seafood mushroom is loaded in polybag, sack is tightened, culture medium is obtained after sterilizing, it is standby;
(2)The multiple bamboo or wooden punching loop-carrier with multiple strain grooves is sterilized, it is standby;
(3)By in the punching loop-carrier insertion seafood mushroom strains after sterilization, seafood mushroom strains are allowed to be attached to the strain of punching loop-carrier
In groove;
(4)Punching loop-carrier with seafood mushroom strains is submerged into culture medium from the face of culture medium in linear insert, after insertion not
Punching loop-carrier can be taken out, allows it to stay in culture medium;Distance every 13-20cm inserts a punching loop-carrier;
(5)The culture medium pile for punching loop-carrier will be plugged on culturing rack, insertion punches the culture medium of loop-carrier one side upward,
It can complete to be inoculated with;
The raw material of described compost include tea tree branch, mulberry branch, tung oil branch, peanut shell, corn ear slag, bagasse,
Blackstrap and pulverized limestone.
The preparation process of described culture medium is:
(1)Take by weight tea tree branch 18-35 parts, mulberry branch 10-20 parts, tung oil branch 8-15 parts, peanut shell 8-10 parts,
Corn ear slag 5-8 parts, bagasse 3-5 parts, blackstrap 2-3 parts and pulverized limestone 2-3 parts;
(2)Tea tree branch, mulberry branch, tung oil branch, peanut shell, corn ear slag and bagasse powder are broken into less than 2 millimeters big
Small particle;
(3)Tea tree branch after crushing, mulberry branch, tung oil branch, peanut shell, corn ear slag and bagasse and blackstrap are mixed
Conjunction uniformly obtains compound, then Mixed Microbes are added into compound, and adds water and be well mixed, and it is 50- to make mixture moisture content
65%;The weight of compound and Mixed Microbes ratio is 100:(2-3);Mixed Microbes are made up of bacillus subtilis and EM bacterium solutions, withered grass bud
The weight of spore bacillus and EM bacterium solutions ratio is 1:1.5;
(4)After the compound for adding Mixed Microbes is placed on into Indoor Natural fermentation 5-7 days;It is uniform to add lime powder and stirring, stands
2-3 days;Obtain compost;
(5)Compost is put into polybag, tightens sack;Pile is put into steam sterilizing pan, sterilizes 6-10 hours, steam temperature
Spend for 100-120 DEG C;
(6)After sterilization terminates, the polybag equipped with compost is taken out, normal temperature is naturally cooled to, produces culture medium.
Preferably:Described punching loop-carrier sterilization is placed in sterilizing pan, and boiling in pot is opened into sterilization 15-30 minutes.
The preparation process of described punching loop-carrier is:
(1)Bamboo material or timber are lathed to a diameter of 0.5-1 centimetres of cylindrical bars;
(2)Cylindrical bars are truncated into the cylindrical section of more 10-12 centimeter lengths;
(3)Tip is made in cylindrical section both ends;
(4)By be made the cylindrical section both sides after tip make respectively it is multiple it is parallel with cylindrical section axis be in 35-50 degree angle strains
Groove;The width of strain groove is 3-5 millimeters, and depth is 2-3 millimeters, and the spacing distance of strain groove is 2-3 millimeters;
(5)The cylindrical section for making strain groove is cut off from centre, you can obtain two punching loop-carriers.
Preferably:The strain groove of punching loop-carrier both sides is respectively 4-5.
Ramulus mori, Classification system:Morus alba L, be the branches and leaves of mulberry tree, ramulus mori, mulberry shoot, RAMULUS MORI, general name.Fallen leaves
Shrub or dungarunga, high 3-15m.Bark canescence, there is strip is shallow to split;Root skin yellowish-brown or reddish yellow, fibroid are strong.Single leaf is mutual
It is raw;The long l-2.5cm of petiole;Blade is avette or width egg shape, and long 5-20cm, wide 4-10cm, tip is sharp sharp or tapering, basal circular or
Near heart-shaped, there are rough sawn tooth or knuckle-tooth in edge, there is irregular division sometimes, above it is hairless, it is glossy, below have undercoat on arteries and veins,
Hairiness between armpit, base go out 3, arteries and veins and reticulated with thready pulse intertexture, and the back side is more apparent;Stipule lanceolar, it is caducous.
Corn ear slag is remaining slag after corn rod threshing.
Bagasse is the accessory substance of cane sugar factory, is all as fuel or paper making raw material all the time, causes resource
It is a large amount of to waste.The present invention uses bagasse to prepare White mushroom planting material for raw material, belongs to the item of turning waste into wealth of leftover bits and pieces recycling
Mesh, waste residue is not discharged externally, it is green;Contain substantial amounts of cellulose, the bagasse after everfermentation, crude fibre in bagasse
Can degrade, crude protein can improve, and its nutritive value is improved, formed White mushroom bacterium germination and growth needed for albumen and
Nutrient.
Described bacillus subtilis, Classification system:Bacillussubtilis, be bacillus one kind.Withered grass
0.7~0.8 × 2~3 microns of bacillus individual cells, uniform coloring.Without pod membrane, peritrichous, can move.Gram-positive
Bacterium, 0.6~0.9 × 1.0~1.5 microns of gemma, ellipse arrive column, central or slightly inclined positioned at thalline, and thalline is not after sporulation
Expand.Bacterium colony rough surface is opaque, dirty white or slightly yellow, and when being grown in liquid medium within, wrinkle mould is commonly formed.Withered grass bud
Spore bacillus has stronger protease, amylase and lipase active, can be active enzyme by internal activation of zymogen, can also divide
- serial other enzymes are secreted, such as pectase, dextranase, cellulase, can help to decompose the thing such as SNSP in plant feed
Matter, the present invention decompose the thick of pine tree branch, pine wood sawdust, mulberry branch, corn ear slag and bagasse using bacillus subtilis
Fiber, form albumen and nutrient of the seafood mushroom bacterium germination needed for growth.
EM bacterium(Effective Microorganisms)It is into EM bacterium are big by Japanese Ryukyu by about 80 kinds of microorganism groups
Ratio is good to be studied successfully professor's nineteen eighty-two according to husband, is put goods on the market the eighties.EM bacterium are with photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast
A kind of micro- life bacteria preparation that more than 80 microorganisms of 10 category based on bacterium and actinomyces are combined.The mechanism of action is to form EM
Bacterium and the competition of pathogenic microorganism contention nutrition, because EM bacterium easily live and reproduce in soil, so can it is very fast and stably
Occupy the ecologic niche in soil, form the advantage group of beneficial microbial bacteria, so as to control the breeding of pathogenic microorganism and
Invasion and attack to crop.It is the developing direction of the ecological agriculture, is more beneficial for the sustainable development of agricultural.The beginning of the nineties at the end of the eighties,
EM bacterium by the states such as Japan, Thailand, Brazil, the U.S., Indonesia, Sri Lanka be widely used in agricultural, cultivation, plantation,
The fields such as environmental protection, achieve obvious economic benefit and ecological benefits.
Above-mentioned strain is cultivated to obtain by Guangxi Academy Of Sciences.
The present invention substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement be:
1st, the inoculation method of this seafood mushroom culture medium is inserted in seafood mushroom strains using special punching loop-carrier, seafood mushroom strains
It is attached in the strain groove of punching loop-carrier, the punching loop-carrier with seafood mushroom strains is inserted not from the face of culture medium in linear
Enter culture medium, punching loop-carrier can not be taken out after insertion, allows it to stay in culture medium;Strain can be planted quickly in culture medium,
The contaminated probability of strain is reduced, and strain is combined closely with cultivating in a fungus bag base, the strain kind per cave enters amount equilibrium, plants into depth
Also it is balanced, reduce the irregular probability of fruiting;And inoculation time is that tradition first punches 3/5ths of the inoculation time being inoculated with afterwards.
2nd, tea tree branch, mulberry branch, tung oil branch, peanut shell, corn ear slag and bagasse powder are broken into 2 millis by the application
The particle of the following size of rice;By the tea tree branch after crushing, mulberry branch, tung oil branch, peanut shell, corn ear slag and bagasse
It is well mixed to obtain compound with blackstrap, then Mixed Microbes is added into compound, and add water and be well mixed, contains compound
Water is 50-65%;The weight of compound and Mixed Microbes ratio is 100:(2-3);Mixed Microbes are by bacillus subtilis and EM bacterium solution groups
Into the weight ratio of bacillus subtilis and EM bacterium solutions is 1:1.5;The compound for adding Mixed Microbes is placed on Indoor Natural fermentation 5-
After 7 days;It is uniform to add lime powder and stirring, stands 2-3 days;Obtain compost;Compost is put into polybag, tightens bag
Mouthful;Pile is put into steam sterilizing pan, sterilizes 6-10 hours, and vapor (steam) temperature is 100-120 DEG C;After sterilization terminates, training will be housed
The polybag of nutriment takes out, and naturally cools to normal temperature, produces culture medium.Obtained culture medium is adapted to seafood mushroom growth, ensures
Mushroom rate, and fruiting is fast, mycelia is non-aging.Culture medium was fermented using bacillus subtilis, EM strains and pulverized limestone, was improved
The disease-resistant and anti-miscellaneous bacteria infection ability of seafood mushroom.
Embodiment 1
The inoculation of seafood mushroom culture medium can be completed using following processing step:
(1)The compost for cultivating seafood mushroom is loaded in polybag, sack is tightened, culture medium is obtained after sterilizing, it is standby;
(2)The multiple bamboo or wooden punching loop-carrier with multiple strain grooves is placed in sterilizing pan, boiling in pot is opened
15-30 minutes are sterilized, it is standby to take out natural cooling;
(3)By in the punching loop-carrier insertion seafood mushroom strains after sterilization, seafood mushroom strains are allowed to be attached to the strain of punching loop-carrier
In groove;
(4)Punching loop-carrier with seafood mushroom strains is submerged into culture medium from the face of culture medium in linear insert, after insertion not
Punching loop-carrier can be taken out, allows it to stay in culture medium;Distance every 13-20cm inserts a punching loop-carrier;
(5)The culture medium pile for punching loop-carrier will be plugged on culturing rack, insertion punches the culture medium of loop-carrier one side upward,
It can complete to be inoculated with.
The preparation process of described culture medium is:
(1)Take by weight tea tree branch 18-35 parts, mulberry branch 10-20 parts, tung oil branch 8-15 parts, peanut shell 8-10 parts,
Corn ear slag 5-8 parts, bagasse 3-5 parts, blackstrap 2-3 parts and pulverized limestone 2-3 parts;
(2)Tea tree branch, mulberry branch, tung oil branch, peanut shell, corn ear slag and bagasse powder are broken into less than 2 millimeters big
Small particle;
(3)Tea tree branch after crushing, mulberry branch, tung oil branch, peanut shell, corn ear slag and bagasse and blackstrap are mixed
Conjunction uniformly obtains compound, then Mixed Microbes are added into compound, and adds water and be well mixed, and it is 50- to make mixture moisture content
65%;The weight of compound and Mixed Microbes ratio is 100:(2-3);Mixed Microbes are made up of bacillus subtilis and EM bacterium solutions, withered grass bud
The weight of spore bacillus and EM bacterium solutions ratio is 1:1.5;
(4)After the compound for adding Mixed Microbes is placed on into Indoor Natural fermentation 5-7 days;It is uniform to add lime powder and stirring, stands
2-3 days;Obtain compost;
(5)Compost is put into polybag, tightens sack;Pile is put into steam sterilizing pan, sterilizes 6-10 hours, steam temperature
Spend for 100-120 DEG C;
(6)After sterilization terminates, the polybag equipped with compost is taken out, normal temperature is naturally cooled to, produces culture medium.
The preparation process of described punching loop-carrier is:
(1)Bamboo material or timber are lathed to a diameter of 0.5-1 centimetres of cylindrical bars;
(2)Cylindrical bars are truncated into the cylindrical section 1 of more 10-12 centimeter lengths;
(3)Tip 2 is made in the both ends of cylindrical section 1;
(4)By be made the both sides of cylindrical section 1 after tip 2 make respectively it is multiple it is parallel with cylindrical section axis be in 35-50 degree angle bacterium
Kind groove 3;The width of strain groove 3 is 3-5 millimeters, and depth is 2-3 millimeters;
(5)The cylindrical section 1 for making strain groove 3 is cut off from centre, you can obtain two punching loop-carriers 4;Ensure punching inoculation
The strain groove of rod both sides is respectively 5.
Application Example
1st, Jinxiu Yao ethnic group in Guangxi province autonomous county Huang, original seafood mushroom of planting first is struck with a stick behind cave in inoculation, artificial
Strain is filled in cave, a people can be inoculated with 20 bag culture mediums in one hour;The neat rate of fruiting is less than 75%;Later Huang's profit
With in the punching loop-carrier insertion seafood mushroom strains of the present invention, seafood mushroom strains are allowed to be attached in the strain groove of punching loop-carrier;Will
Punching loop-carrier with seafood mushroom strains submerges culture medium from the face of culture medium in linear insert, and punching can not be taken out after insertion
Loop-carrier, it is allowed to stay in culture medium;One people can be inoculated with more than 33 bags per hour;The neat rate of fruiting is more than 95%;Through statistics
Daily fruiting amount can receive 4 days mushrooms more than first beating behind cave 1.5% more than the fruiting amount being inoculated with.
Described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to examples detailed above, the art it is general
Logical technical staff, in the essential scope of the present invention, the variations, modifications, additions or substitutions made, it should all belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.