CN107691106B - Inoculation method of seafood mushroom culture medium - Google Patents
Inoculation method of seafood mushroom culture medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An inoculation method of a seafood mushroom culture medium comprises the following steps: (1) filling the compost for cultivating the hypsizygus marmoreus into a plastic bag, fastening the opening of the plastic bag, and sterilizing to obtain a culture medium for later use; (2) sterilizing a plurality of bamboo or wooden punching inoculation rods with a plurality of strain tanks for later use; (3) inserting the sterilized perforated inoculating rod into a seafood mushroom strain, and attaching the seafood mushroom strain to a strain groove of the perforated inoculating rod; (4) inserting the perforated inoculating stick attached with the seafood mushroom strain into the culture medium in a linear shape from the surface of the culture medium, and leaving the perforated inoculating stick in the culture medium after the perforated inoculating stick cannot be taken out; (5) stacking the culture medium inserted with the punched inoculation rod on a culture shelf, wherein the culture medium inserted into one surface of the punched inoculation rod faces upwards, and then completing inoculation; the raw materials of the culture material comprise tea tree branches, mulberry branches, tung oil branches, peanut shells, corn cob residues, bagasse, waste molasses and lime powder. The method has high inoculation efficiency and can reduce the pollution probability of strain inoculation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation, in particular to an inoculation method of a hypsizygus marmoreus culture medium.
Background
Fresh sea mushroom brand nameHypsizygus marmoreus (Peck) H.E.Bigelow]Hypsizygus marmoreus, which is crispy and tender in texture, fresh in taste, and has sea crab flavor, is called "Hypsizygus marmoreus" or "Hypsizygus marmoreus" in Japan. Belonging to the family Tricholomataceae and genus Hypsizygus, and having medium to large fruiting body. Nowadays, two strains of light grey and pure white are cultivated, and white strains also called white beech mushroom and yulong mushroom are mostly cultivated in factories. The diameter of the pileus is 3-15 cm. Growing broad-leaved trees on dead wood and inverted rotten wood in late summer to autumn, and growing in clusters. Is an excellent edible fungus in the northern temperate zone. Is a low-calorie and low-fat health food.
The seafood mushroom belongs to low-temperature type grassy fungi or woody white rot fungi, has high nutritional value and medicinal value, white color, fleshy and thick fungus flesh, and has delicate taste, fragrant smell and delicious taste. The protein of the hypsizygus marmoreus contains various amino acids, including 8 amino acids necessary for human body, and also contains various polysaccharides, and the hot water and organic solvent extract of the fruiting body of the hypsizygus marmoreus has the function of eliminating free radicals of human body, so that the hypsizygus marmoreus has the effects of resisting cancer, preventing cancer, improving immunity, preventing aging and prolonging life when eating the hypsizygus marmoreus frequently. The edible fungus has high nutritive value and medicinal value, white color, rich meat, delicate taste, fragrant smell and delicious taste. The optimal temperature for hypha growth is 24-26 deg.C, and the optimal temperature for fruiting body growth is 8-18 deg.C. Cultivation in autumn and winter, the fungus age is about 50 days, the growth cycle is 100 days, and the biotransformation rate is 60-80%. The price of the fresh food sold in the market is 20-30 yuan per kilogram.
In order to meet the market demand, people invent a fungus bag cultivation method capable of improving the yield of the seafood mushrooms, and the method comprises the steps of filling a culture medium into a cultivation bag to obtain a culture medium rod, sterilizing the culture medium rod, and then inoculating strains into the culture medium rod. In order to promote hypha to grow over the fungus bag as soon as possible, people start to adopt a puncher made of wood and iron rods, and an inoculation hole shaper made of plastic and provided with a cylinder at the upper middle part and a cone at the lower part temporarily punches holes in the fungus bag during inoculation, so that the strains are inoculated into the hollow holes. The pollution probability is high after the perforation and the strain inoculation; the gap between the strains and the culture medium of the fungus bag is large, the fruiting is irregular, and the inoculation efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an inoculation method of a seafood mushroom culture medium, which has high inoculation efficiency and can reduce the pollution probability of strain inoculation.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an inoculation method of a seafood mushroom culture medium comprises the following steps:
(1) filling the compost for cultivating the hypsizygus marmoreus into a plastic bag, fastening the opening of the plastic bag, and sterilizing to obtain a culture medium for later use;
(2) sterilizing a plurality of bamboo or wooden punching inoculation rods with a plurality of strain tanks for later use;
(3) inserting the sterilized perforated inoculating rod into a seafood mushroom strain, and attaching the seafood mushroom strain to a strain groove of the perforated inoculating rod;
(4) inserting the perforated inoculating stick attached with the seafood mushroom strain into the culture medium in a linear shape from the surface of the culture medium, and leaving the perforated inoculating stick in the culture medium after the perforated inoculating stick cannot be taken out; inserting a punching inoculation rod every 13-20 cm;
(5) stacking the culture medium inserted with the punched inoculation rod on a culture shelf, wherein the culture medium inserted into one surface of the punched inoculation rod faces upwards, and then completing inoculation;
the raw materials of the culture material comprise tea tree branches, mulberry branches, tung oil branches, peanut shells, corn cob residues, bagasse, waste molasses and lime powder.
The preparation process of the culture medium comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 18-35 parts of tea tree branches, 10-20 parts of mulberry branches, 8-15 parts of tung oil branches, 8-10 parts of peanut shells, 5-8 parts of corn cob residues, 3-5 parts of bagasse, 2-3 parts of waste molasses and 2-3 parts of lime powder according to parts by weight;
(2) crushing tea tree branches, mulberry branches, tung oil branches, peanut shells, corn cob residues and bagasse into particles with the size of below 2 mm;
(3) uniformly mixing the crushed tea tree branches, mulberry branches, tung oil branches, peanut shells, corn cob residues, bagasse and waste molasses to obtain a mixture, adding mixed bacteria into the mixture, and adding water to uniformly mix until the water content of the mixture is 50-65%; the weight ratio of the mixed material to the mixed bacteria is 100 (2-3); the mixed bacteria consist of bacillus subtilis and EM bacteria liquid, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM bacteria liquid is 1: 1.5;
(4) placing the mixture added with the mixed bacteria in a room for natural fermentation for 5-7 days; adding lime powder, stirring, and standing for 2-3 days; obtaining a culture material;
(5) placing the culture materials into a plastic bag, and fastening the opening of the bag; stacking and placing the materials into a steam sterilizing pot, sterilizing for 6-10 hours, wherein the steam temperature is 100-;
(6) and after the disinfection is finished, taking out the plastic bag filled with the culture material, and naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the culture medium.
Preferably: the sterilization of the perforated inoculation rod is carried out by putting the perforated inoculation rod into a sterilization pot, boiling the water in the pot and sterilizing for 15-30 minutes.
The preparation process of the punching inoculation rod comprises the following steps:
(1) turning bamboo or wood into cylindrical strips with the diameter of 0.5-1 cm;
(2) cutting the cylindrical bar into a plurality of cylindrical sections with the length of 10-12 cm;
(3) making two ends of the cylindrical section into pointed ends;
(4) respectively manufacturing a plurality of parallel strain grooves which form an angle of 35-50 degrees with the axis of the cylindrical section at two sides of the cylindrical section after the pointed end is manufactured; the width of the strain groove is 3-5 mm, the depth is 2-3 mm, and the spacing distance of the strain groove is 2-3 mm;
(5) and cutting off the cylindrical section of the prepared strain tank from the middle to obtain two punching and inoculating rods.
Preferably: the number of the strain grooves on the two sides of the punching inoculation rod is 4-5 respectively.
Ramulus mori, Latin scientific name:Morus alba Lit is a general term for branches and leaves, ramulus mori, tender ramulus mori of mulberry. Deciduous shrubs or small trees with a height of 3-15 m. The bark is grey white and has strip-shaped shallow cracks; root bark is yellowish brown or reddish yellow, and has strong fibrous property. Single leaf intergrowth; the length of the petiole is l-2.5 cm; the leaf is oval or wide oval, the length is 5-20cm, the width is 4-10cm, the tip is sharp or tapered, the base is round or nearly heart-shaped, the edge is provided with coarse saw teeth or round teeth, irregular splitting sometimes exists, the upper surface is hairless and glossy, the lower pulse is provided with short hair, the axilla is provided with hair, 3 basal outlet pulses are interwoven with the thin pulse into a net shape, and the back surface is obvious; the leaves are needle-shaped and fall off early.
The corn cob residue is residue left after threshing corn cobs.
Bagasse is a byproduct of a cane sugar factory, and is always used as fuel or paper-making raw materials, so that a great deal of waste of resources is caused. The agaricus bisporus cultivation material is prepared by taking bagasse as a raw material, belongs to a waste recycling project, does not discharge waste residues to the outside, and is green and environment-friendly; the bagasse contains a large amount of cellulose, and after fermentation, the bagasse has the advantages that crude fiber can be degraded, crude protein can be improved, the nutritional value is improved, and protein and nutrients required by agaricus bisporus spawn running and growth are formed.
The bacillus subtilis has the following chemical name:Bacillussubtilisthe bacillus subtilis single cell is 0.7-0.8 × 2-3 microns of bacillus, is uniformly colored, has no capsule, is a peritrichous flagellum, can move gram-positive bacteria, has 0.6-0.9 × 1.0.0-1.5 microns of spore, is oval to columnar, is positioned in the center of the bacteria or slightly deviated, does not expand after the spore is formed, has rough and opaque colony surface, is white or yellowish, and often forms crinkle-like films when growing in a liquid culture mediumThe invention utilizes the bacillus subtilis to decompose crude fibers of pine branches, pine sawdust, mulberry branches, corn cob residues and bagasse to form proteins and nutrients required by the growth and development of the hypsizygus marmoreus.
EM bacteria (Effective Microorganisms) Is composed of about 80 kinds of microorganisms, and EM bacteria are successfully researched by professor bijia phf of Youkai university of Japan in 1982 and are put into the market in 80 years. The EM is a microbial preparation which is compounded by 10 microorganisms which are more than 80 and mainly comprise photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and actinomycetes. The action mechanism is to form competition of the EM bacteria and the pathogenic microorganisms for nutrition, and the EM bacteria are easy to survive and reproduce in the soil, so the EM bacteria can quickly and stably occupy the ecological status in the soil, and form a dominant community of beneficial microorganisms, thereby controlling the reproduction of the pathogenic microorganisms and the attack on crops. Is the development direction of ecological agriculture, and is more beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture. In the late 80 s and early 90 s, EM bacteria have been widely applied to the fields of agriculture, cultivation, planting, environmental protection and the like by Japan, Thailand, Brazil, America, Indonesia, Srilanca and the like, and obvious economic benefit and ecological benefit are obtained.
The above strains are obtained by cultivation of Guangxi academy of sciences.
The invention has the substantive characteristics and remarkable progress that:
1. the inoculation method of the seafood mushroom culture medium comprises the steps of inserting a specially-made punching inoculation rod into a seafood mushroom strain, attaching the seafood mushroom strain into a strain groove of the punching inoculation rod, inserting the punching inoculation rod attached with the seafood mushroom strain into the culture medium in a linear shape from the surface of the culture medium, and leaving the punching inoculation rod in the culture medium after inserting the punching inoculation rod; the strain can be quickly planted into the culture medium, the probability of strain pollution is reduced, the strain is tightly combined with the culture medium of the fungus bag, the strain input amount of each hole is balanced, the planting depth is also balanced, and the probability of untidy fruiting is reduced; and the inoculation time is three fifths of the traditional inoculation time after the perforation.
2. Tea tree branches, mulberry branches, tung oil branches, peanut shells, corn cob residues and bagasse are crushed into particles with the size of less than 2 mm; uniformly mixing the crushed tea tree branches, mulberry branches, tung oil branches, peanut shells, corn cob residues, bagasse and waste molasses to obtain a mixture, adding mixed bacteria into the mixture, and adding water to uniformly mix until the water content of the mixture is 50-65%; the weight ratio of the mixed material to the mixed bacteria is 100 (2-3); the mixed bacteria consist of bacillus subtilis and EM bacteria liquid, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM bacteria liquid is 1: 1.5; placing the mixture added with the mixed bacteria in a room for natural fermentation for 5-7 days; adding lime powder, stirring, and standing for 2-3 days; obtaining a culture material; placing the culture materials into a plastic bag, and fastening the opening of the bag; stacking and placing the materials into a steam sterilizing pot, sterilizing for 6-10 hours, wherein the steam temperature is 100-; and after the disinfection is finished, taking out the plastic bag filled with the culture material, and naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the culture medium. The obtained culture medium is suitable for growth of hypsizygus marmoreus, the fruiting rate is guaranteed, the fruiting is fast, and hyphae are not easy to age. The culture medium is fermented by using bacillus subtilis, EM (effective microorganisms) and lime powder, so that the disease resistance and the anti-infectious capacity of the hypsizygus marmoreus are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cylindrical segment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cylindrical section strain producing tank;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a hole-punching inoculation rod;
the names of the sequence numbers in the figure are:
1. a cylindrical section; 2. a tip; 3. a strain tank; 4. and (5) punching a seed inoculating rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, which are only a part of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
The inoculation of the seafood mushroom culture medium can be completed by adopting the following process steps:
(1) filling the compost for cultivating the hypsizygus marmoreus into a plastic bag, fastening the opening of the plastic bag, and sterilizing to obtain a culture medium for later use;
(2) placing a plurality of bamboo or wooden perforated inoculation rods with a plurality of strain tanks in a sterilization pot, boiling the pot with water for sterilization for 15-30 minutes, taking out and naturally cooling for later use;
(3) inserting the sterilized perforated inoculating rod into a seafood mushroom strain, and attaching the seafood mushroom strain to a strain groove of the perforated inoculating rod;
(4) inserting the perforated inoculating stick attached with the seafood mushroom strain into the culture medium in a linear shape from the surface of the culture medium, and leaving the perforated inoculating stick in the culture medium after the perforated inoculating stick cannot be taken out; inserting a punching inoculation rod every 13-20 cm;
(5) and stacking the culture medium inserted with the punched inoculation rod on a culture shelf, wherein the culture medium inserted into one surface of the punched inoculation rod faces upwards, and then completing inoculation.
The preparation process of the culture medium comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 18-35 parts of tea tree branches, 10-20 parts of mulberry branches, 8-15 parts of tung oil branches, 8-10 parts of peanut shells, 5-8 parts of corn cob residues, 3-5 parts of bagasse, 2-3 parts of waste molasses and 2-3 parts of lime powder according to parts by weight;
(2) crushing tea tree branches, mulberry branches, tung oil branches, peanut shells, corn cob residues and bagasse into particles with the size of below 2 mm;
(3) uniformly mixing the crushed tea tree branches, mulberry branches, tung oil branches, peanut shells, corn cob residues, bagasse and waste molasses to obtain a mixture, adding mixed bacteria into the mixture, and adding water to uniformly mix until the water content of the mixture is 50-65%; the weight ratio of the mixed material to the mixed bacteria is 100 (2-3); the mixed bacteria consist of bacillus subtilis and EM bacteria liquid, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM bacteria liquid is 1: 1.5;
(4) placing the mixture added with the mixed bacteria in a room for natural fermentation for 5-7 days; adding lime powder, stirring, and standing for 2-3 days; obtaining a culture material;
(5) placing the culture materials into a plastic bag, and fastening the opening of the bag; stacking and placing the materials into a steam sterilizing pot, sterilizing for 6-10 hours, wherein the steam temperature is 100-;
(6) and after the disinfection is finished, taking out the plastic bag filled with the culture material, and naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the culture medium.
The preparation process of the punching inoculation rod comprises the following steps:
(1) turning bamboo or wood into cylindrical strips with the diameter of 0.5-1 cm;
(2) cutting the cylindrical bar into a plurality of cylindrical sections 1 with the length of 10-12 cm;
(3) two ends of the cylindrical section 1 are made into pointed ends 2;
(4) respectively manufacturing a plurality of parallel strain grooves 3 which form an angle of 35-50 degrees with the axis of the cylindrical section at two sides of the cylindrical section 1 after the pointed end 2 is manufactured; the width of the strain groove 3 is 3-5 mm, and the depth is 2-3 mm;
(5) cutting off the cylindrical section 1 of the prepared strain tank 3 from the middle to obtain two punching and inoculating rods 4; the number of the strain grooves on the two sides of the punching inoculation rod is ensured to be 5 respectively.
Application examples
1. Some golden county yellow certain of Guangxi Jinxiyao nationality, when the original hypsizygus marmoreus is planted, firstly, a pit is punched by a stick, then, the strain is plugged into the pit manually, and 20 bags of culture medium can be inoculated by one person for one hour; the fruiting uniformity is below 75%; later, a yellow certain strain utilizing the perforated inoculation rod of the invention is inserted into the seafood mushroom strains, and the seafood mushroom strains are attached in the strain grooves of the perforated inoculation rod; inserting the perforated inoculating stick attached with the seafood mushroom strain into the culture medium in a linear shape from the surface of the culture medium, and leaving the perforated inoculating stick in the culture medium after the perforated inoculating stick cannot be taken out; more than 33 bags can be inoculated by one person per hour; the fruiting uniformity rate is more than 95%; the fruiting amount per day is counted to be 1.5% more than that of the fruiting amount inoculated after the first hole digging, and the fruiting can be harvested for 4 days more.
The above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An inoculation method of a seafood mushroom culture medium is characterized in that: the planting steps are as follows:
1) filling the compost for cultivating the hypsizygus marmoreus into a plastic bag, fastening the opening of the plastic bag, and sterilizing to obtain a culture medium for later use; the preparation process of the culture medium comprises the following steps: a. taking 18-35 parts of tea tree branches, 10-20 parts of mulberry branches, 8-15 parts of tung oil branches, 8-10 parts of peanut shells, 5-8 parts of corn cob residues, 3-5 parts of bagasse, 2-3 parts of waste molasses and 2-3 parts of lime powder according to parts by weight; b. crushing tea tree branches, mulberry branches, tung oil branches, peanut shells, corn cob residues and bagasse into particles with the size of below 2 mm; c. uniformly mixing the crushed tea tree branches, mulberry branches, tung oil branches, peanut shells, corn cob residues, bagasse and waste molasses to obtain a mixture, adding mixed bacteria into the mixture, and adding water to uniformly mix until the water content of the mixture is 50-65%; the weight ratio of the mixed material to the mixed bacteria is 100 (2-3); the mixed bacteria consist of bacillus subtilis and EM bacteria liquid, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM bacteria liquid is 1: 1.5; d. placing the mixture added with the mixed bacteria in a room for natural fermentation for 5-7 days; adding lime powder, stirring, and standing for 2-3 days; obtaining a culture material; e. placing the culture materials into a plastic bag, and fastening the opening of the bag; stacking and placing the materials into a steam sterilizing pot, sterilizing for 6-10 hours, wherein the steam temperature is 100-; f. after the disinfection is finished, the plastic bag filled with the culture material is taken out, and is naturally cooled to normal temperature, so that a culture medium is obtained, the obtained culture medium is suitable for growth of the hypsizygus marmoreus, the fruiting rate is ensured, the fruiting is fast, hyphae are not easy to age, and the culture medium is fermented by using bacillus subtilis, EM (effective microorganism) strains and lime powder, so that the disease resistance and the anti-infectious bacteria infection capability of the hypsizygus marmoreus are improved;
2) sterilizing a plurality of bamboo or wooden punching inoculation rods with a plurality of strain tanks for later use; the preparation process of the punching inoculation rod comprises the following steps: a. turning bamboo or wood into cylindrical strips with the diameter of 0.5-1 cm; b. cutting the cylindrical bar into a plurality of cylindrical sections (1) with the length of 10-12 cm; c. two ends of the cylindrical section (1) are made into pointed ends (2); d. respectively manufacturing a plurality of parallel strain grooves (3) which form an angle of 35-50 degrees with the axis of the cylindrical section at two sides of the cylindrical section (1) after the pointed end (2) is manufactured; the width of the strain grooves (3) is 3-5 mm, the depth is 2-3 mm, and the spacing distance of the strain grooves (3) is 2-3 mm; e. cutting off the cylindrical section (1) of the prepared strain groove (3) from the middle to obtain two punching and inoculating rods (4); 4-5 strain grooves are respectively arranged on the two sides of the punching inoculation rod;
3) inserting the sterilized perforated inoculating rod into a seafood mushroom strain, and attaching the seafood mushroom strain to a strain groove of the perforated inoculating rod; the sterilization of the perforated inoculation rod is that the perforated inoculation rod is placed in a sterilization pot, and the pot is boiled with water for 15 to 30 minutes;
4) the method comprises the following steps of inserting a perforated inoculating rod attached with a seafood mushroom strain into a culture medium in a linear shape from the surface of the culture medium, leaving the perforated inoculating rod in the culture medium after insertion, enabling the strain to quickly inoculate into the culture medium, reducing the probability of strain pollution, closely combining the strain with a fungus bag culture medium, balancing the strain inoculation amount of each hole, balancing the inoculation depth, and reducing the probability of untidy fruiting; inserting a punching inoculation rod every 13-20 cm;
5) and stacking the culture medium inserted with the punched inoculation rod on a culture shelf, wherein the culture medium inserted into one surface of the punched inoculation rod faces upwards, and then completing inoculation.
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| CN109122033A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-04 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of tea tree interplanting mushroom |
| CN109122036A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-04 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of tea tree interplanting agaricus bisporus |
| CN109122034A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-04 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of tea tree interplanting phoenix-tail mushroom |
| CN109122032A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-04 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of tea tree interplanting white beech mushroom |
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