CN107614752B - 电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜 - Google Patents
电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜,其是形成于电磁钢板的母材的表面上的绝缘覆膜,含有选自于Al、Zn、Mg和Ca中的1种以上的多价金属的磷酸盐,在与所述母材的表面的界面处含有2价金属的富集层,所述富集层中包含的所述2价金属的富集量为0.01g/m2以上且低于0.2g/m2。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜。
背景技术
在电磁钢板(无取向性电磁钢板和取向性电磁钢板)的表面上,出于提高耐锈性的目的,通常会形成绝缘覆膜。以往作为绝缘覆膜,主要采用的是以重铬酸盐为主要原料的铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜。但是,由于6价铬毒性强,因此从制造时的作业环境保护(下文称为“环境保护”)的角度出发,要求不含有铬的绝缘覆膜。
作为替代铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜的绝缘覆膜,研究了磷酸盐系绝缘覆膜(例如参见专利文献1)。并且,现在已经提出了各种磷酸盐系绝缘覆膜(例如参见专利文献2~5)。但是,对于铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜,由于即使使覆膜的膜厚变小,也能够得到足够的耐腐蚀性,并且能够确保优异的焊接性和铆接性,因此即使现在,也在将其作为电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜而采用。
磷酸盐系绝缘覆膜(例如磷酸Al系绝缘覆膜、磷酸Mg-Al系绝缘覆膜),及不含铬的环境保护型绝缘覆膜(例如二氧化硅系绝缘覆膜、Zr系绝缘覆膜),与铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜相比耐腐蚀性不足。若使绝缘覆膜的膜厚变厚,可以确保耐腐蚀性。但是,若使膜厚变厚,会出现焊接性和铆接性劣化的问题。
近年来,需求者已转移至腐蚀环境严苛的东南亚·中国南部,电磁钢板也开始向这些地区出口。于是,与此同时,对于出口至腐蚀环境严苛的这些地区的电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜,要求其具有耐腐蚀性以承受海上运输时的高飞来盐分环境或当地的高温多湿环境。
例如,专利文献4和5中公开了对170~300℃下烧结的绝缘覆膜进行湿润试验,评价耐腐蚀性的结果。另外,专利文献6和7中公开了通过向磷酸盐化合物和螯合剂中加入了合成树脂的处理液形成绝缘覆膜。
并且,专利文献8中提出了一种向磷酸金属盐中加入由平均粒径为0.05~0.50μm的丙烯酸系树脂、环氧系树脂和聚酯系树脂的1种或2种以上的混合物或共聚物组成的有机树脂、以及氟烯烃与烯属不饱和化合物的共聚物,从而进一步提高了湿润环境下的耐腐蚀性的绝缘覆膜。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特公昭53-028375号公报
专利文献2:日本特开平05-078855号公报
专利文献3:日本特开平06-330338号公报
专利文献4:日本特开平11-131250号公报
专利文献5:日本特开平11-152579号公报
专利文献6:日本特开2001-107261号公报
专利文献7:日本特开2002-047576号公报
专利文献8:国际公开第2012/057168号
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
如上所述,虽然专利文献4和5中进行了绝缘覆膜的湿润试验,但在对于出口产品要求的高飞来盐分环境下的耐腐蚀性进行评价这一点上还存在研究的余地。
另外,对于专利文献6和7中公开的绝缘覆膜,虽然其相对于结露水的耐水性优异,但海上运输时的高飞来盐分环境以及相当于亚热带和热带的高温多湿环境下的耐锈性并不清楚。
并且,专利文献8中记载的技术中,绝缘覆膜的膜厚优选为0.5~1.5μm,实施例中的膜厚为0.8μm。使用者所期望的,尤其是高的焊接性和铆接性,是在绝缘覆膜的膜厚较薄的领域中能够得到确保的特性。因此,为了实现焊接性和铆接性的提高,要求在维持优异的耐腐蚀性的同时,使绝缘覆膜的膜厚更薄。
可见,由于包括磷酸盐系绝缘覆膜在内的环境保护型绝缘覆膜的耐腐蚀性未达到铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜的水准,因此在电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜中,目前铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜与环境保护型绝缘覆膜是共存的。因此,制造者和用户双方都出现了产品管理的复杂化和生产性的下降,收益受到影响。
对于环境保护型绝缘覆膜,用户除了耐腐蚀性之外,也重视焊接性和铆接性这些生产技术方面的性能,要求与以往的铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜相同水平的性能。
本发明的目的在于提供一种即便是与铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜相同程度的膜厚,也将发挥优异的耐腐蚀性,尤其是在海上运输时的高飞来盐分环境及相当于亚热带和热带的高温多湿环境下发挥优异的耐锈性的环境保护型的电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明是基于上述见解而完成的,其以下述的电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜作为重点。
(1)一种电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜,其是形成于电磁钢板的母材的表面上的绝缘覆膜,
含有选自于Al、Zn、Mg和Ca中的1种以上的多价金属的磷酸盐,
在与所述母材的表面的界面处含有2价金属的富集层,
所述富集层中包含的所述2价金属的富集量为0.01g/m2以上且低于0.2g/m2。
(2)根据上述(1)所述的电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜,所述绝缘覆膜进一步含有有机树脂。
发明的效果
根据本发明,由于即便是与铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜相同程度的膜厚,也能够确保耐锈性,因此能够获得焊接性和铆接性优异的环境保护型的电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜。
附图说明
图1是显示使用了磷酸铝与Ca螯合物时的覆膜厚度方向的元素浓度分布的图。
图2是显示使用了磷酸镁和Mg螯合物时的覆膜厚度方向的元素浓度分布的图。
图3是用于说明将根据Mg的深度方向的轮廓通过高斯函数近似得到的源自富集层的Mg的峰分离的方法的图。
图4是显示绝缘覆膜的耐锈性试验的评价方法的一个例子的图。
图5是显示绝缘覆膜的耐锈性试验的结果的一个例子的图。(a)示出了通过氯化钠浓度0.03%的氯化钠水溶液对不向磷酸铝中添加螯合剂而形成的绝缘覆膜的耐锈性进行评价的结果,(b)示出了通过氯化钠0.2%的氯化钠水溶液对向磷酸铝中添加了螯合剂而形成的绝缘覆膜的耐锈性进行评价的结果。
图6是显示实施例的试验No.9中的覆膜厚度方向的元素浓度分布的图。
图7是显示实施例的试验No.10中的覆膜厚度方向的元素浓度分布的图。
图8是显示实施例的试验No.15中的覆膜厚度方向的元素浓度分布的图。
图9是显示实施例的试验No.20中的覆膜厚度方向的元素浓度分布的图。
图10是显示实施例的试验No.2中的覆膜厚度方向的元素浓度分布的图。
图11是显示实施例的试验No.3中的覆膜厚度方向的元素浓度分布的图。
具体实施方式
1.关于绝缘覆膜
本发明涉及的绝缘覆膜是形成于电磁钢板的母材的表面上的覆膜。对于所述母材的种类,无特别限制,可以使用具有适于作为取向性电磁钢板或无取向性电磁钢板的母材使用的化学组成和金相组织的钢板。
所述绝缘覆膜含有选自于Al、Zn、Mg和Ca中的1种以上的多价金属的磷酸盐。具体来说,作为多价金属磷酸盐,可以列举出磷酸二氢铝、磷酸二氢锌、磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢钙。
但是,绝缘覆膜仅含有上述成分时,无法得到充分的耐腐蚀性,尤其是无法得到在海上运输时的高飞来盐分环境及相当于亚热带和热带的高温多湿环境下所需的耐锈性。因此,所述绝缘覆膜中,需要在与所述母材的表面的界面处形成2价金属的富集层。
可以认为由于所述富集层具有致密的结构,与多价金属磷酸盐的层和母材双方都牢固地结合,因而改善绝缘覆膜的耐腐蚀性和密合性,从结果来看大幅度提高了耐锈性。
但是,若所述富集层中含有的所述2价金属的富集量(下文的说明中,略称为“富集量”)不足0.010g/m2,则2价金属螯合剂的反应层将失去连续性,无法获得耐腐蚀性改善的效果。而若要使所述富集量达到0.20g/m2以上,则成本将变得过高,经济性变差。因此,使所述富集量为0.010g/m2以上且不足0.20g/m2。对于所述富集量,从耐腐蚀性改善的角度出发,优选为0.020g/m2以上,从经济性的角度出发,优选为0.10g/m2。
需要说明的是,本发明中,所述富集层中含有的所述2价金属的富集量通过下述的方法求得。接下来,使用具体的例子进行详细说明。
首先,通过辉光放电发射光谱法(GDOES),测定绝缘覆膜中含有的P和各金属成分的深度方向的浓度分布。将测定结果的一个例子示于图1和2中。图中,纵轴表示元素的发光强度,横轴表示放电时间。发光强度与各元素的浓度成比例,放电时间与自表面开始的深度方向位置对应。
在图1所示的例子中,绝缘覆膜含有磷酸二氢铝,形成有Ca的富集层。此时,源自富集层的2价金属的轮廓与源自磷酸盐的2价金属的轮廓能够明确区分。
而图2所示的例子中,绝缘覆膜含有磷酸二氢镁,形成有Mg的富集层。此时,如图3所示,将根据Mg的深度方向的轮廓通过高斯函数近似得到的源自富集层的Mg的峰分离,将剩余的作为源自磷酸盐的Mg。
根据由通过上述方法分离得到的浓度轮廓所示的曲线与纵轴和横轴包围起来的面积(图中的SI和SC),可以求出富集层中含有的2价金属的富集量与除富集层外的绝缘覆膜中含有的2价金属的量的比。
然后,通过将表面上形成有绝缘覆膜的规定面积的钢板浸渍于热碱水溶液中,仅将包含富集层的绝缘覆膜选择性地全部溶解。然后,通过使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)对覆膜溶解处理后的碱水溶液进行分析,求出每单位面积的绝缘覆膜中含有的总2价金属量MT(g/m2)。
富集层中含有的2价金属的富集量MI(g/m2)可以基于下述式(i)算出。
MI=MT×SI/(SI+SC)···(i)
其中,式中各符号的含义如下所示。
MI:富集层中含有的2价金属的富集量(g/m2)
MT:绝缘覆膜中含有的总2价金属量(g/m2)
SI:源自富集层的浓度轮廓的面积
SC:源自除富集层外的绝缘覆膜的浓度轮廓的面积
所述绝缘覆膜通过含有所述成分的同时,具有所述富集层,即使膜厚薄,也能够得到优异的耐腐蚀性。
另外,所述绝缘覆膜也可以进一步含有有机树脂。因为对电磁钢板进行冲孔加工时,若绝缘覆膜中包含有机树脂,则可以抑制冲孔模具的磨耗,提高冲孔加工性。
对于有机树脂的种类,无特别限制,优选具有水分散性的物质,例如可以列举出丙烯酸树脂、丙烯酸苯乙烯树脂、醇酸树脂、聚酯树脂、有机硅树脂、氟树脂、聚烯烃树脂、苯乙烯树脂、乙酸乙烯酯树脂、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯树脂、三聚氰胺树脂等。
2.关于绝缘覆膜的制造方法
对于制造本发明涉及的绝缘覆膜的方法,无特别限制,例如可以通过下述所示的方法,制备具有上述构成的绝缘覆膜。
首先,制作将含有选自于Al、Zn、Mg和Ca中的1种以上的多价金属的磷酸盐水溶液与含有2价金属的螯合物混合的涂布液。然后,在电磁钢板的母材的表面上涂布所述涂布液后烧结,形成绝缘覆膜。其中,所述涂布液中如上所述地可以根据需要含有有机树脂。
作为含有选自于Al、Zn、Mg和Ca中的1种以上的多价金属磷酸盐水溶液,例如可以使用复合含有选自于磷酸二氢铝水溶液、磷酸二氢锌水溶液、磷酸二氢镁水溶液、磷酸二氢钙水溶液等中的1种或2种以上的水溶液。
作为所述螯合物中含有的2价金属,可以列举出选自于Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Zn等中的1种以上。另外,作为螯合剂成分,可以使用羟基羧酸系,二羧酸系或膦酸系等的螯合剂。
作为羟基羧酸系螯合剂,可以例示出苹果酸、乙醇酸和乳酸。作为二羧酸系螯合剂,可以例示出草酸、丙二酸和琥珀酸。作为膦酸系螯合剂,可以例示出氨基三亚甲基膦酸、羟基亚乙基单膦酸和羟基亚乙基二膦酸。
另外,将螯合物与磷酸盐水溶液混合时,优选添加事先混合好的2价金属与螯合剂,而不是分别添加2价金属与螯合剂。因为若分别添加2价金属与螯合剂,则构成磷酸盐的金属离子与螯合剂反应,可能会导致2价金属螯合剂的富集层的形成不充分。
可以认为通过使涂布液中在含有所述多价金属的磷酸盐水溶液的基础上还含有所述螯合物,在烧结过程中,2价金属M、螯合剂成分L和母材中的铁成分Fe反应,从而在覆膜与母材的界面处形成具有M-L-Fe键的2价金属的富集层。
此时,为了使所述富集层的形成量达到规定的范围,优选将相对于所述螯合物中的螯合剂成分L的添加量l(mol)的2价金属M的添加量m(mol)的配混比m/l设为合适的范围。具体来说,发现通过将所述配混比m/l的值设为0.1~0.9的范围,所述富集层能够良好地形成,从而提高绝缘覆膜的耐锈性。
所述配混比m/l的值超过0.9,即,使2价金属与几乎全部的螯合剂成分构成络合物的接近饱和状态的螯合物含在所述涂布液中时,大部分螯合物无法与母材中的Fe反应,因此将变得难以形成具有M-L-Fe键的富集层。而当所述配混比m/l的值小于0.1时,几乎所有的螯合物都与母材中的Fe反应,形成LFe2,作为目标的具有M-L-F键的富集层还是会变少。
对于所述涂布液中的所述螯合物的量,无特别限制,例如,当绝缘覆膜整体的形成量为1g/m2时,相对于多价金属磷酸盐(以无水物换算)与有机树脂的合计量,所述螯合物添加1质量%以上即可。
接下来,对优选的涂布条件和烧结条件进行说明。涂布液的烧结在250℃以上的温度下进行,对于涂布时的母材的温度,例如使自30℃左右的室温至100℃时的平均升温速度(第1升温速度)为8℃/秒以上,自150℃至250℃时的平均升温速度(第2升温速度)比第1升温速度低。需要说明的是,涂布时的温度实质上与涂布液的温度相等。
若涂布液的流动性消失,将不会出现螯合剂的缔合的发生。因此,为了使缔合度尽可能低,优选使至等同于水的沸点的100℃时的第1升温速度高。第1升温速度小于8℃/秒时,由于升温中螯合剂的缔合度急剧上升,交联反应将变得难以发生。因此,使第1升温速度为8℃/秒以上。
磷酸盐和螯合剂的交联反应,以及螯合剂的分解和挥发在150℃~250℃的温度范围发生。因此,通过使自150℃至250℃时的第2升温速度小,能够在抑制螯合剂的分解的同时,促进交联反应。但是,升温速度的下降有时会导致生产性的下降。
而螯合剂的交联反应随着前述的螯合剂的缔合度而变化。因此,使第1升温速度高,并使螯合剂的缔合度小的话,即使使第2升温速度高,也能够促进磷酸盐与螯合剂的交联反应。而第1升温速度低,螯合剂的缔合度大时,若不与之相应地使第2升温速度低的话,则无法使螯合剂与磷酸盐的交联反应充分进行。
本发明人等通过研究发现,若第1升温速度为8℃/秒以上,第2升温速度低于第1升温速度,则磷酸盐与螯合剂的交联反应与螯合剂的缔合度相应地进行,能够得到优异的耐锈性。但是,当第2升温速度过高,如超过18℃/秒时,即使第1升温速度为8℃/秒以上,交联也无法充分进行,无法获得优异的耐锈性。因此,优选第2升温速度为18℃/秒以下。而第2升温速度越低生产性越低,小于5℃/秒时变得显著。因此,第2升温速度优选为5℃/秒以上。
3.关于耐锈性的评价方法
本发明人等通过对前述的海上长距离运输时或能够承受高温湿润气候下的使用的电磁钢板的耐锈性的指标进行研究,结果是采用了如下的方法:使具有绝缘覆膜的电磁钢板的表面上附着浓度不同的氯化钠水溶液的液滴(0.5μL),进行干燥,将电磁钢板在恒温恒湿状态(50℃,RH90%)下保持规定时间(48小时),然后调查绝缘覆膜的腐蚀状态,以不会产生锈的氯化钠浓度进行评价。
采用该评价方法的理由如下。
一般情况下,对电磁钢板的耐锈性评价,以前有时候会采用JIS K 2246中规定的湿润试验。该湿润试验是如下的方法:将电磁钢板暴露在温度保持为49℃、相对湿度保持为95%以上的氛围下规定时间之后,观察钢板表面处的锈的发生状态进行评价。
但是,即使将湿润试验适用于具有绝缘覆膜的电磁钢板,很多时候也观察不到腐蚀。因此,通过湿润试验来判断海上运输时的高飞来盐分环境以及相当于亚热带和热带的高温多湿环境下的绝缘覆膜的耐锈性的优劣是困难的。
另外,JIS Z 2371中规定的盐水喷雾试验也是一种普通的耐腐蚀性评价试验。该试验是如下的试验:在保持为35℃的恒温槽中,将5%氯化钠水溶液调整一定时间,达到规定喷雾量之后,对钢板表面进行规定时间的盐水喷雾,之后观察钢板上的锈的发生状态进行评价。
将盐水喷雾试验适用于具有绝缘覆膜的电磁钢板时,虽然会发生腐蚀,但由于盐水喷雾试验是一种绝缘覆膜总是处于湿润状态下的试验,一种假定了汽车在盐害环境或海洋结构物等的飞来盐分极多的环境下的腐蚀的试验,因此盐水喷雾试验的试验环境与陆地的室内仓库或出口时的船舱等的电磁钢板的保管、运输、使用环境不同。即使专利文献8中记载的组合了盐水喷雾·湿润·干燥工序的试验中,若抽取盐水喷雾工序,则也是一样的。
在电磁钢板的保管或使用中,浸入盐水中或喷洒盐水、表面被盐水完全润湿的状态在一般的使用条件下是不会发生的。另外,喷洒盐水的腐蚀、及陆地的室内仓库或出口时的船舱的腐蚀环境(干燥与高湿度反复的环境)下,腐蚀时的钢板表面的环境不同,与之相应的腐蚀原理也不同。因此,盐水喷雾和包含盐水喷雾工序的试验,不适于电磁钢板的耐锈性的评价。
本发明人等对能够正确地评价电磁钢板的耐锈性的方法进行研究,确认了上述方法,即,使具有绝缘覆膜的电磁钢板的表面上附着浓度不同的氯化钠水溶液的液滴(0.5μL),进行干燥,将电磁钢板在恒温恒湿状态(50℃,RH90%)下保持规定时间(48小时),然后调查绝缘覆膜的腐蚀状态,采用不会产生锈的氯化钠浓度评价耐锈性的方法(耐锈性试验方法)是合适的。
若为高浓度的氯化钠水溶液的液滴,使氯化钠水溶液的液滴附着并干燥,氯化钠干燥附着的部位通过在之后暴露于湿润工序而发生腐蚀。该试验工序是一种合乎实际环境的手段:在钢板的保管运输时表面上附着盐,之后变为高湿度时盐潮解,有时会发生腐蚀。由于随着氯化钠浓度的下降,盐的附着量会减少,因此锈的发生程度变轻,最终将观察不到锈。根据该观察不到锈时的上限的氯化钠浓度,可以定量评价绝缘覆膜的耐锈性。
图4示出了绝缘覆膜的耐锈性试验的评价方法的一个例子。其是将氯化钠浓度从1.0%按照每0.1%地降低至0.1%、从0.1%按照每0.01%地降低至0.01%,对各浓度下的锈的发生状态(腐蚀状态)进行观察的结果。根据图4所示的结果,由于氯化钠浓度为0.01%时观察不到锈的发生,因此氯化钠的极限浓度为0.01%。需要说明的是,已经确认即使将恒温恒湿槽的保持时间延长至超过48小时,该锈的发生状况也基本无变化。
接下来,通过实施例对本发明进行更具体的说明,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例
将含有表1所示成分的涂布液,在表1所示的条件下涂布至含有0.3质量%Si的0.5mm厚的电磁钢板的表面上,然后烧结,在两面上形成绝缘覆膜。之后,通过GDOES和ICP-AES调查绝缘覆膜结构(富集层的有无)和富集量。然后,进行绝缘覆膜的耐锈性和焊接性的评价。将结果归纳示于表1中。同样地制备比较用铬酸盐绝缘覆膜,并进行评价。
富集量的测定通过下述方法进行。首先,通过GDOES对绝缘覆膜中含有的P和各金属成分的深度方向的浓度分布进行测定。然后,对于富集层中的2价金属与其他的绝缘覆膜的2价金属,分别求出由浓度轮廓所示的曲线与纵轴和横轴包围起来的面积。需要说明的是,当磷酸盐与螯合物中含有的2价金属相同时,分离根据富集层中的2价金属的深度方向的轮廓通过高斯函数近似得到的源自富集层的2价金属的峰,将剩余的作为源自磷酸盐的2价金属。
然后,通过将表面上形成有绝缘覆膜的规定面积的钢板浸渍于80℃的20%NaOH水溶液中30分钟,母材不溶解,而仅将含有富集层的绝缘覆膜选择性地全部溶解。然后,通过使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)分析覆膜溶解处理后的NaOH水溶液,求出每单位面积的的绝缘覆膜中含有的总2价金属量(g/m2)。
然后,根据下述式(i),算出富集层中含有的2价金属的富集量。
MI=MT×SI/(SI+SC)···(i)
其中,式中各符号的含义如下所示。
MI:富集层中含有的2价金属的富集量(g/m2)
MT:绝缘覆膜中含有的总2价金属量(g/m2)
SI:源自富集层的浓度轮廓的面积
SC:源自除富集层外的绝缘覆膜的浓度轮廓的面积
耐锈性的评价通过下述方法进行。从形成了绝缘覆膜的无取向性电磁钢板中切出试验片,使其表面附着0.001~1.0%的范围的各种浓度的氯化钠水溶液的液滴(0.5μL),进行干燥,然后,在保持为恒温恒湿状态(50℃,RH90%)的槽内保持48小时,观察表面的腐蚀状态。然后,以不会产生锈的最大氯化钠浓度为指标,评价耐锈性。
另外,焊接性的评价通过下述的方法进行。在焊接电流120A、电极La-W(2.4mmφ)、间隙1.5mm、Ar流量6L/分钟、紧固压力50kg/cm2的条件下,使焊接速度发生变化,求出不发生气孔的最大焊接速度。然后,以该最大焊接速度为指标,评价焊接性。
需要说明的是,本发明的耐锈性的评价中,当不产生锈的最大氯化钠浓度为0.2%以上时,判断为耐锈性优异。
[表1]
根据表1可知,作为本发明例的试验序号1~7中,耐锈性显著优异。发明例中,在0.5g/m2(约0.2μm)这样薄的膜厚,即与铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜相同程度的膜厚下,能够确保同等以上的优异的耐锈性。并且可知,由于能够使膜厚较薄,因此焊接性也与原来的铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜相当。
而未在涂布液中添加螯合物的比较例的试验序号8~11中,由于未形成2价金属的富集层,因此虽然加厚了绝缘覆膜的膜厚,仍然是耐锈性差的结果。并且,试验No.8、9和11中,由于膜厚较厚,因此得到了焊接性恶化的结果。
试验No.12和13中,分别由于螯合物的配混比m/l的值过小和过大,因此富集量不足。试验No.14中,由于涂布液中的螯合物的添加量不足,因此富集量不足。并且,试验No.15~18中,由于烧结时的升温条件不合适,因此富集量不足。
而试验No.19和20中,由于将2价金属和螯合剂成分分别添加至磷酸盐水溶液中,因此富集量不足。另外,富集量不足的试验No.12~20均获得的是耐锈性差的结果。
使用上述的耐锈性试验,对存在于绝缘覆膜的与母材的界面附近的2价金属富集层对于耐锈性的影响进行调查的结果的一个例子示于图5中。图5(a)中示出了通过氯化钠浓度0.03%的氯化钠水溶液对不向磷酸铝中添加螯合物而形成的试验No.8中的绝缘覆膜的耐锈性进行评价的结果,图5(b)中示出了通过氯化钠浓度0.2%的氯化钠水溶液对向磷酸铝中添加了含有Zn作为2价金属的螯合物而形成的试验No.1中的绝缘覆膜的耐锈性进行评价的结果。
不向磷酸铝中添加螯合物而形成的绝缘覆膜中,在氯化钠浓度0.03%的氯化钠水溶液下,产生大面积的锈,而向磷酸铝中添加了含有Zn作为2价金属的螯合物而形成的绝缘覆膜中,在氯化钠浓度0.2%的氯化钠水溶液下,几乎没有产生锈。
另外,图6~11是分别示出了作为比较例的试验No.9、10、15和20以及作为本发明例的试验No.2和3中的深度分析的结果的图。
未向涂布液中添加螯合物的试验No.9和10中,如图6和7所示,未观察到2价金属的峰。另外,虽然添加了螯合物,但制造条件不合适的试验No.15和20中,如图8和9所示,虽然观察了2价金属的峰,但很轻微。
而满足了本发明的限定的试验No.2和3中,如图10和11所示,清楚地确认到了2价金属的峰。
产业上的可利用性
根据本发明,由于即便是与铬酸盐系绝缘覆膜相同程度的膜厚,也能够确保优异的耐锈性,因此能够获得焊接性和铆接性优异的环境保护型的电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜。因此,形成有本发明涉及的绝缘覆膜的电磁钢板适合用于海上运输时的高飞来盐分环境以及相当于亚热带和热带的高温多湿环境中。
Claims (2)
1.一种电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜,其是形成于电磁钢板的母材的表面上的绝缘覆膜,
含有选自于Al、Zn、Mg和Ca中的1种以上的多价金属的磷酸盐,
所述绝缘覆膜在与所述母材的表面的界面处含有2价金属的富集层,
所述富集层中包含的所述2价金属的富集量为0.01g/m2以上且低于0.2g/m2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电磁钢板的绝缘覆膜,所述绝缘覆膜进一步含有有机树脂。
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