CN107484511A - A kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method - Google Patents
A kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method, it is related to growing vegetables technical field, comprises the following steps：1) preparation of compost：Raw material is taken to bank up fermentation；2) seedling is selected to heel in：Selection at least has the healthy cauliflower strong sprout of 3 true leaves, and seedling strain is concentrated into bunchy, and heeling-in is waited to be colonized in the soil of moistening in rows；3) site preparation is colonized；4) field management；5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：During field management, the weeds, diseased plant, sick leaf on cauliflower periphery are removed, sprays once sterilize pest repellant every three days.The cauliflower implantation methods of the present invention are simple and easy, the plantation and field management of scientific system make it that cauliflower seedling strain survival rate is high, pest and disease damage incidence is low, finished product Yield of Cauliflower height, the quality better of harvest, and nutritive value is big, increase economic benefit, suitable popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to growing vegetables technical field, and in particular to a kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method.
Background technology
Cauliflower, also known as cauliflower, cauliflower or cauliflower, it is a kind of vegetables of Cruciferae, is the mutation of wild cabbage.Cauliflower
Head be white inflorescence, it is similar with the head of broccoli.Mediterranean is originated in, its product organ is pure white, cripetura, fertilizer is tender
Bud, the bouquet that is polymerized of spray, floral axis etc., be that a kind of crude fiber content is few, quality is fresh and tender, nutritious, and flavor is fresh
U.S., the vegetables of people's eating.In the prior art, the more single tradition of the implantation methods of cauliflower.Do not carry out scientific system
Plantation and field management, cause the bouquet of cauliflower small and loose and poor quality, yield poorly, can not meet market and consumer
Growing demand, the planting technology of cauliflower how is improved, obtain high yield, polyauxotrophic cauliflower, turn into vegetables industry
The research direction of person.
The content of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method, this kind plantation
Method is simple and easy, and the plantation and field management of scientific system make it that cauliflower seedling strain survival rate is high, pest and disease damage incidence is low, receive
Finished product Yield of Cauliflower height, the quality better obtained, nutritive value is big, increases economic benefit, suitable popularization and application.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method, is followed the steps below：
(1) preparation of compost：Compost raw material is mixed by weight ratio, is stacked in fermentation tank, it is heavy to add its
The rice washing water and weight that amount ratio is 10%-20% turn over than the fermenting agent for 2%-4% and cover film fermentation after pushing away mixing
Produce within 12-15 days, during which compost is at least turned over again and pushed away once；
(2) seedling is selected to heel in：Selection at least has the healthy cauliflower strong sprout of 3 true leaves, and seedling strain is concentrated into bunchy in rows
Heeling-in is waited to be colonized in the soil of moistening；
(3) site preparation is colonized：Selection machine matter is abundant, loose fertile, well-drained sandy loam as planting site, to planting site
Region, which is ploughed deeply, rakes, and makes line-spacing and is less than 10m, width 30-50cm, be highly 12-16cm ridge, apply compost afterwards, train
It is 3-5cm to support soil thickness, is colonized in cauliflower strong sprout is single on ridge and pours permeable, spacing in the rows is 25-35cm between seedling；
(4) field management：
1. being planted if spring and summer, irrigated a water early stage every 2-4 days, poured every two weeks and apply an organic composite
Fertilizer, its dose are 100-200g/ strains；After the bouquet phase arrives, a water was irrigated every 3-5 days, was poured every 18-22 days and applies one
Secondary compoiste fertilizer, its dose are 80-160g/ strains；
2. being planted if autumn and winter, temperature control of being put up a shed after field planting, early stage, canopy temperature control system irrigated one at 15-20 DEG C every 3-5 days
Secondary water, poured every two weeks and apply a compoiste fertilizer, its dose is 100-200g/ strains；After the bouquet phase arrives, by canopy temperature
Control irrigated a water every 4-6 days, was poured every 18-22 days and apply a compoiste fertilizer, its dose is 80- at 20-25 DEG C
160g/ strains；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：During field management, the weeds, diseased plant, sick leaf on cauliflower periphery are removed, are sprayed every three days
Apply and once sterilize pest repellant, the amount of spraying is 4-8g/ strains.
Preferably, above-mentioned compost includes following raw material by weight：Leaf mould 30-50 parts, pig manure 15-25
Part, rice husk 10-20 parts, maize straw 10-20 parts, cotton seed hull 10-20 parts, xylose residue 10-20 parts, vermiculite 4-8 parts and silkworm excrement 5-
15 parts.
Further, above-mentioned compost of stating includes following raw material by weight：40 parts of leaf mould, 20 parts of pig manure,
10 parts of 15 parts of rice husk, 15 parts of maize straw, 15 parts of cotton seed hull, 15 parts of xylose residue, 6 parts of vermiculite and silkworm excrement.
Further, above-mentioned xylose residue is through the following steps that obtained：Appropriate corncob is taken to add 15- after crushing
25% hydrochloric acid acid treatment 2-3h, corncob is subjected to extraction after filtering and separates to obtain hydrolyzate and required xylose residue.
As one kind optimization of technical solution of the present invention, in step (3), 20-40cm gutter is left in both sides by ridge,
Ensure that rainwater can be discharged smoothly, the nontoxic PE films of black are covered again after compost application.
Preferably, above-mentioned compoiste fertilizer includes following raw material by weight：Rotted pig manure 60-100 parts, cotton straw
Powder 20-40 parts, humic acid 5-15 parts, rape cake 20-40 parts, sodium selenite 4-6 parts, calcium magnesium phosphate 2-4 parts, potassium sulfate 1-3 parts,
Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 1-2 parts and ferrous sulfate 1-2 parts.
Further, above-mentioned compoiste fertilizer includes following raw material by weight：80 parts of rotted pig manure, cotton straw powder
30 parts, 10 parts of humic acid, 30 parts of rape cake, 5 parts of sodium selenite, 3 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 2 parts of potassium sulfate, 1.5 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and
1.5 parts of ferrous sulfate.
Preferably, above-mentioned sterilization pest repellant is mixed by plant extraction liquid, and the sterilization pest repellant includes in mass ratio
Following component：Eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution:Greater celandine extract solution:Herba Andrographitis extract solution:Garlic extract:Moringa seeds extract solution=2-
4:2-4:1-3:1:2。
Further, above-mentioned plant extraction liquid is made by following steps：Appropriate plant stem-leaf is taken to add relative to plant
The determining alcohol that 2~4 times of cauline leaf quality is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 1~2h, filters to obtain filter residue, filter residue is added into phase again
The ethanol for being 95% for 2~4 times of determining alcohol of filter residue quality, is heated to reflux 1~2h, filtering and impurity removing, merges filtered fluid, remove
Ethanol, produced after being concentrated into the 1/3-1/2 of original volume.
The present invention has following beneficial effect：The cauliflower implantation methods of the present invention are simple and easy, easy to implement, pass through
Plantation and field management to cauliflower scientific system, from homemade upper strata compost, compoiste fertilizer and sterilization expelling parasite
Agent is cultivated and managed to cauliflower so that early stage cauliflower seedling strain survival rate is high, pest and disease damage incidence is low, the finished product of harvest
Yield of Cauliflower is high, quality better, and nutritive value is big, increases economic benefit, suitable popularization and application；
(1) present invention enhances seedling strain root system by heeling in processing to cauliflower seedling strain progress certain time length in early stage
To the adaptability of soil, promote its well developed root system, be effectively improved the survival rate of cauliflower seedling strain；
(2) the homemade compost of the present invention has that the content of organic matter is high, low, loose ventilative, the retain water and nutrients energy for preparing cost
The characteristics of power is strong, by implementing on planting site sandy loam upper strata, the base manure used in cauliflower plantation early stage can be not only substituted, also
Plantation Soils In The Region mechanism can be improved, all good growing environment is provided for the development of cauliflower root system；
(3) the homemade compoiste fertilizer of the present invention, which has, prepares that cost is low, green, nutrient is sufficient comprehensively, includes
The various trace elements such as machine matter and selenium, potassium, iron, calcium, the cauliflower of different growing stage can be met, this kind of compoiste fertilizer can
Recycle, natural nuisance-free, it is high compared to chemical fertilizer safety and reliability, value；
(4) the homemade sterilization pest repellant preparation cost of the present invention is low, green, by being assembled to plant extraction liquid,
The active ingredients such as its contained total alkali, glycosides, element, phenol, esters cause finished product to have the drug effect of excellent sterilization expelling parasite, compared to traditional
Agricultural chemicals and chemical agent, soil, plant and the mankind are had no toxic side effect, securely and reliably, dose requirements are not harsh, embodiment party
Just, moreover, this kind sterilization pest repellant can also play growth regulating to plant, play a part of improvement to planting soil, promote
Enter the adaptability in plant pair soil, greatly improve the disease-resistant insect pest performance of plant, reduce the incidence of disease, improve cauliflower
Growth conditions, improve cauliflower quality of finished.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described with reference to embodiment, following examples are only used for more
Clearly demonstrate technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1
Seedling strain kind：Early-maturing variety
Implantation time；In April, 2015 No. 12-18
Plant place：Jinzhai County green hill town
Plant material requested：
Compost raw material：Leaf mould 30kg, pig manure 15kg, rice husk 10kg, maize straw 10kg, cotton seed hull 10kg, xylose
Slag 10kg, vermiculite 4kg and silkworm excrement 5kg；
Above-mentioned xylose residue is through the following steps that obtained：20kg corncobs are taken to add 15% hydrochloric acid acid treatment after crushing
2h, corncob is subjected to extraction after filtering and separates to obtain hydrolyzate and required xylose residue.
Compoiste fertilizer raw material：Rotted pig manure 60kg, cotton straw powder 20kg, humic acid 5kg, rape cake 20kg, sodium selenite
4kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 2kg, potassium sulfate 1kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 1kg and ferrous sulfate 1kg；
Sterilize pest repellant：Following plant extraction liquid mixes liquid, and its mass ratio is eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution:Greater celandine extract solution:
Herba Andrographitis extract solution:Garlic extract:Moringa seeds extract solution=2:2:1:1:2；
Above-mentioned plant extraction liquid is made by following steps：Appropriate above-mentioned corresponding plant stem-leaf is taken to add relative to plant
The determining alcohol that 2 times of cauline leaf quality is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 1h, filters to obtain filter residue, filter residue is added relative to filter again
The determining alcohol that 2 times of slag amount is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 1h, filtering and impurity removing, merges filtered fluid, removes ethanol, be concentrated into
Produced behind the 1/3 of original volume.
A kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method, is followed the steps below：
(1) preparation of compost：The compost raw material weighed is mixed, is stacked in fermentation tank, adds its weight ratio
During which pair rice washing water and weight for 10% are turned over to push away to cover film after mixing and ferment 12 days and produced than the fermenting agent for 2%,
Compost, which turns over, have been pushed away once；
(2) seedling is selected to heel in：Healthy cauliflower strong sprout of the selection with 3-5 piece true leaves, seedling strain concentration bunchy is buried in rows
It is implanted in the soil of moistening and waits to be colonized；
(3) site preparation is colonized：Selection machine matter is abundant, loose fertile, well-drained sandy loam as planting site, to planting site
Region, which is ploughed deeply, rakes, and it is 9m to make line-spacing, width 30cm, be highly 12cm ridge, apply compost afterwards, culture soil thickness is
3cm, it is colonized in cauliflower strong sprout is single on ridge and pours permeable, spacing in the rows is 25cm between seedling；
(4) field management：Early stage irrigated a water every 2 days, is poured every two weeks and applies a compoiste fertilizer, and it applies fertilizer
Measure as 100g/ strains；After the bouquet phase arrives, a water was irrigated every 3 days, was poured every 18 days and applies a compoiste fertilizer, it is applied
Fertilizer amount is 80g/ strains；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：During field management, the weeds, diseased plant, sick leaf on cauliflower periphery are removed, are sprayed every three days
Apply and once sterilize pest repellant, the amount of spraying is 4g/ strains；
(6) harvest：Field planting harvests vegetable after 48 days.
Embodiment 2
Seedling strain kind：Medium variety
Implantation time；August 20-24 in 2015
Plant place：Jinzhai County green hill town
Plant material requested：
Compost raw material：Leaf mould 40kg, pig manure 20kg, rice husk 15kg, maize straw 15kg, cotton seed hull 15kg, xylose
Slag 15kg, vermiculite 6kg and silkworm excrement 10kg；
Above-mentioned xylose residue is through the following steps that obtained：25kg corncobs are taken to add 20% hydrochloric acid acid treatment after crushing
2.5h, corncob is subjected to extraction after filtering and separates to obtain hydrolyzate and required xylose residue.
Compoiste fertilizer raw material：Rotted pig manure 80kg, cotton straw powder 30kg, humic acid 10kg, rape cake 30kg, sodium selenite
5kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 3kg, potassium sulfate 2kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 1.5kg and ferrous sulfate 1.5kg；
Sterilize pest repellant：Following plant extraction liquid mixes liquid, and its mass ratio is eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution:Greater celandine extract solution:
Herba Andrographitis extract solution:Garlic extract:Moringa seeds extract solution=3:3:2:1:2；
Above-mentioned plant extraction liquid is made by following steps：Appropriate above-mentioned corresponding plant stem-leaf is taken to add relative to plant
The determining alcohol that 3 times of cauline leaf quality be 95% ethanol, be heated to reflux 1.5h, filter to obtain filter residue, filter residue is added again relative to
The determining alcohol that 3 times of filter residue quality is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 1.5h, filtering and impurity removing, merges filtered fluid, removes ethanol, dense
Produced after being reduced to the 1/2 of original volume.
A kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method, is followed the steps below：
(1) preparation of compost：The compost raw material weighed is mixed, is stacked in fermentation tank, adds its weight ratio
During which pair rice washing water and weight for 15% are turned over to push away to cover film after mixing and ferment 13 days and produced than the fermenting agent for 3%,
Compost, which turns over, have been pushed away twice；
(2) seedling is selected to heel in：Healthy cauliflower strong sprout of the selection with 4-6 piece true leaves, seedling strain concentration bunchy is buried in rows
It is implanted in the soil of moistening and waits to be colonized；
(3) site preparation is colonized：Selection machine matter is abundant, loose fertile, well-drained sandy loam as planting site, to planting site
Region, which is ploughed deeply, rakes, and it is 8m to make line-spacing, width 40cm, be highly 14cm ridge, apply compost afterwards, culture soil thickness is
4cm, it is colonized in cauliflower strong sprout is single on ridge and pours permeable, spacing in the rows is 30cm between seedling；Because summer rainwater is more, separately on ridge
Leave 20-40cm gutter in other both sides, it is ensured that rainwater can be discharged smoothly, and the nontoxic PE of black is covered again after compost application
Film；
(4) field management：Early stage irrigated a water every 3 days, is poured every two weeks and applies a compoiste fertilizer, and it applies fertilizer
Measure as 150g/ strains；After the bouquet phase arrives, a water was irrigated every 4 days, was poured every 20 days and applies a compoiste fertilizer, it is applied
Fertilizer amount is 120g/ strains；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：During field management, the weeds, diseased plant, sick leaf on cauliflower periphery are removed, are sprayed every three days
Apply and once sterilize pest repellant, the amount of spraying is 6g/ strains；
(6) harvest：Field planting harvests vegetable after 71 days.
Embodiment 3
Seedling strain kind：Late variety
Implantation time；In October, 2015 No. 24-28
Plant place：Jinzhai County green hill town
Plant material requested：
Compost raw material：Leaf mould 50kg, pig manure 25kg, rice husk 20kg, maize straw 20kg, cotton seed hull 20kg, xylose
Slag 20kg, vermiculite 8kg and silkworm excrement 15kg；
Above-mentioned xylose residue is through the following steps that obtained：30kg corncobs are taken to add 25% hydrochloric acid acid treatment after crushing
3h, corncob is subjected to extraction after filtering and separates to obtain hydrolyzate and required xylose residue.
Compoiste fertilizer raw material：Rotted pig manure 100kg, cotton straw powder 40kg, humic acid 15kg, rape cake 40kg, selenous acid
Sodium 6kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 4kg, potassium sulfate 3kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 2kg and ferrous sulfate 2kg；
Sterilize pest repellant：Following plant extraction liquid mixes liquid, and its mass ratio is eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution:Greater celandine extract solution:
Herba Andrographitis extract solution:Garlic extract:Moringa seeds extract solution=4:4:3:1:2；
Above-mentioned plant extraction liquid is made by following steps：Appropriate above-mentioned corresponding plant stem-leaf is taken to add relative to plant
The determining alcohol that 4 times of cauline leaf quality is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 2h, filters to obtain filter residue, filter residue is added relative to filter again
The determining alcohol that 4 times of slag amount is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 2h, filtering and impurity removing, merges filtered fluid, removes ethanol, be concentrated into
Produced behind the 1/2 of original volume.
A kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method, is followed the steps below：
(1) preparation of compost：The compost raw material weighed is mixed, is stacked in fermentation tank, adds its weight ratio
During which pair rice washing water and weight for 20% are turned over to push away to cover film after mixing and ferment 15 days and produced than the fermenting agent for 4%,
Compost, which turns over, have been pushed away twice；
(2) seedling is selected to heel in：Healthy cauliflower strong sprout of the selection with 3-6 piece true leaves, seedling strain concentration bunchy is buried in rows
It is implanted in the soil of moistening and waits to be colonized；
(3) site preparation is colonized：Selection machine matter is abundant, loose fertile, well-drained sandy loam as planting site, to planting site
Region, which is ploughed deeply, rakes, and it is 8m to make line-spacing, width 50cm, be highly 16cm ridge, apply compost afterwards, culture soil thickness is
5cm, it is colonized in cauliflower strong sprout is single on ridge and pours permeable, spacing in the rows is 35cm between seedling；
(4) field management：Put up a shed after field planting temperature control, early stage, canopy temperature control system irrigated a water every 4 days, often at 15-20 DEG C
Poured every two weeks and apply a compoiste fertilizer, its dose is 150g/ strains；After the bouquet phase arrives, by canopy temperature control system in 20-25
DEG C, a water was irrigated every 5 days, was poured every 20 days and applies a compoiste fertilizer, its dose is 120g/ strains；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：During field management, the weeds, diseased plant, sick leaf on cauliflower periphery are removed, are sprayed every three days
Apply and once sterilize pest repellant, the amount of spraying is 8g/ strains；
(6) harvest：Field planting harvests vegetable after 88 days.
Embodied to protrude beneficial effects of the present invention, vegetable survival rate, yield and the product that above-described embodiment 1-3 is harvested
Matter is contrasted with not improving harvest data in the past, and plantation enforcement place, period, kind all same, specific comparing result are seen below
Table 1, table 2 and table 3；
Table 1：Early-maturing variety
Table 2：Medium variety
Table 3：Late variety
As shown in upper table 1, table 2 and table 3, by improving, compared with prior art, the cauliflower high-yield planting of the present invention is utilized
The cauliflower seedling strain survival rate of method cultivation is up to 100%, and the finished product Yield of Cauliflower of harvest is high, compared to output increased before
About 25%, and its quality has and is obviously improved, and bouquet is big and solid, bright-colored, immaculate disease, has wide market
Prospect.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing reality
Apply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic.All essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. cauliflower high-yield planting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) preparation of compost：Compost raw material is mixed by weight ratio, is stacked in fermentation tank, adds its weight ratio Rice washing water and weight for 10%-20% turn over than the fermenting agent for 2%-4% and cover film fermentation 12-15 after pushing away mixing It is produced, and during which compost is at least turned over again and pushed away once；(2) seedling is selected to heel in：Selection at least has the healthy cauliflower strong sprout of 3 true leaves, and seedling strain is concentrated into bunchy heeling-in in rows Wait to be colonized in the soil of moistening；(3) site preparation is colonized：Selection machine matter is abundant, loose fertile, well-drained sandy loam as planting site, to planting site region Plough deeply and rake, make line-spacing and be less than 10m, width 30-50cm, be highly 12-16cm ridge, apply compost, compost afterwards Thickness is 3-5cm, is colonized in cauliflower strong sprout is single on ridge and pours permeable, spacing in the rows is 25-35cm between seedling；(4) field management：1. being planted if spring and summer, irrigated a water early stage every 2-4 days, poured every two weeks and apply a compoiste fertilizer, its Dose is 100-200g/ strains；After the bouquet phase arrives, a water was irrigated every 3-5 days, pouring to apply every 18-22 days once has Machine composite fertilizer, its dose are 80-160g/ strains；2. being planted if autumn and winter, temperature control of being put up a shed after field planting, early stage, canopy temperature control system irrigated once at 15-20 DEG C every 3-5 days Water, poured every two weeks and apply a compoiste fertilizer, its dose is 100-200g/ strains；After the bouquet phase arrives, by canopy temperature control System irrigated a water every 4-6 days, was poured every 18-22 days and apply a compoiste fertilizer, its dose is 80- at 20-25 DEG C 160g/ strains；(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：During field management, the weeds, diseased plant, sick leaf on cauliflower periphery are removed, spray one every three days Secondary sterilization pest repellant, the amount of spraying are 4-8g/ strains.
- 2. a kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compost includes following Raw material by weight：Leaf mould 30-50 parts, pig manure 15-25 parts, rice husk 10-20 parts, maize straw 10-20 parts, cotton seed hull 10-20 parts, xylose residue 10-20 parts, vermiculite 4-8 parts and silkworm excrement 5-15 parts.
- 3. a kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the compost includes following Raw material by weight：40 parts of leaf mould, 20 parts of pig manure, 15 parts of rice husk, 15 parts of maize straw, 15 parts of cotton seed hull, xylose residue 10 parts of 15 parts, 6 parts of vermiculite and silkworm excrement.
- A kind of 4. cauliflower high-yield planting method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the xylose residue be by with Made from lower step：Take appropriate corncob to add 15-25% hydrochloric acid acid treatment 2-3h after crushing, carried corncob after filtering Take and separate to obtain hydrolyzate and required xylose residue.
- 5. a kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), two by ridge Leave 20-40cm gutter in side, it is ensured that rainwater can be discharged smoothly, and the nontoxic PE films of black are covered again after compost application.
- 6. a kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compoiste fertilizer includes Raw material by weight below：Rotted pig manure 60-100 parts, cotton straw powder 20-40 parts, humic acid 5-15 parts, rape cake 20-40 Part, sodium selenite 4-6 parts, calcium magnesium phosphate 2-4 parts, potassium sulfate 1-3 parts, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 1-2 parts and ferrous sulfate 1-2 parts.
- 7. a kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the compoiste fertilizer includes Raw material by weight below：80 parts of rotted pig manure, 30 parts of cotton straw powder, 10 parts of humic acid, 30 parts of rape cake, sodium selenite 5 Part, 3 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 2 parts of potassium sulfate, 1.5 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 1.5 parts of ferrous sulfate.
- 8. a kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sterilization pest repellant is by planting Thing extract solution mixes, and the sterilization pest repellant includes following component in mass ratio：Eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution:Greater celandine is extracted Liquid:Herba Andrographitis extract solution:Garlic extract:Moringa seeds extract solution=2-4:2-4:1-3:1:2.
- 9. a kind of cauliflower high-yield planting method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the plant extraction liquid passes through Following steps are made：The ethanol that to take appropriate plant stem-leaf to add be 95% relative to the determining alcohol of 2~4 times of plant stem-leaf quality, 1~2h is heated to reflux, filters to obtain filter residue, filter residue is added to the second for being 95% relative to the determining alcohol of 2~4 times of filter residue quality again Alcohol, 1~2h is heated to reflux, filtering and impurity removing, merges filtered fluid, ethanol is removed, is produced after being concentrated into the 1/3-1/2 of original volume.
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Application publication date: 20171219 |