CN107409671B - Method for planting polygonatum sibiricum under wild-imitating forest - Google Patents
Method for planting polygonatum sibiricum under wild-imitating forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN107409671B CN107409671B CN201710306529.XA CN201710306529A CN107409671B CN 107409671 B CN107409671 B CN 107409671B CN 201710306529 A CN201710306529 A CN 201710306529A CN 107409671 B CN107409671 B CN 107409671B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting polygonatum sibiricum under a wild-imitating forest, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a mountain land and trimming a forest land; selecting Yunnan pine forest land rich in humus, removing weeds, turning over the land, applying fermented excrement, and covering pine needles; (2) rhizome propagation; cutting fresh rhizome with terminal bud, coating carbon powder of cacumen Platycladi on the cut, storing in sealed greenhouse at 25-30 deg.C and 30-40% humidity for 3-5 hr, and transplanting at row spacing of 30cm × 25 cm; watering thoroughly; (3) interplanting sweet potatoes; after rhizome emergence of polygonatum, 5 rows of sweet potato seedlings are interplanted among every 10 rows of polygonatum seedlings; (4) and (5) managing the forest land. The invention has the advantages that: high rate of emergence and good quality of rhizoma Polygonati.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, in particular to a method for planting polygonatum sibiricum under a wild-imitating forest.
Background
Rhizoma Polygonati is a commonly used tonic Chinese medicine, and is prepared from perennial herb of Polygonatum of Liliaceae, and medicinal rhizome thereof. More than 40 kinds exist in the world, more than 30 kinds exist in China, and more than 10 kinds exist in medicinal varieties. The Chinese pharmacopoeia stipulates that there are 3 kinds of medicinal sealwort including sealwort, polygonatum cyrtonema and polygonatum kingianum.
The polygonatum sibiricum has higher medicinal value and wide application, less and less wild polygonatum sibiricum needs to be planted artificially, and the polygonatum sibiricum planted in an artificial greenhouse has higher production cost such as large occupied cultivated land, poor medicine quality, pesticide overdimension, facility and the like.
Yunnan is a highland mountain area province, and in the land area of the whole province, the mountain land accounts for 84%, the plateau and the hilly land approximately account for 10%, and the dam only accounts for 6%. Therefore, the mountain land development needs to be done well according to local conditions, and the plantation of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials under the forest needs to be actively developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for planting polygonatum sibiricum under a wild-imitating forest with good quality.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for planting rhizoma polygonati under an imitated wild forest comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a mountain land and trimming a forest land; selecting Yunnan pine forest land rich in humus, removing weeds, turning over the land, applying fermented excrement, and covering pine needles;
(2) rhizome propagation; cutting fresh rhizome with terminal bud, coating carbon powder of cacumen Platycladi on the cut, storing in sealed greenhouse at 25-30 deg.C and 30-40% humidity for 3-5 hr, and transplanting at row spacing of 30cm × 25 cm; watering thoroughly;
(3) interplanting sweet potatoes; after rhizome emergence of polygonatum, 5 rows of sweet potato seedlings are interplanted among every 10 rows of polygonatum seedlings;
(4) and (5) managing the forest land.
Preferably, the fermented manure is obtained by mixing manure, straws and humus and then performing pile fermentation.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the excrement to the straw to the humus is 5: 1-3: 1-3.
Preferably, the preparation method of the cacumen biotae carbon powder comprises the following steps: parching folium Platycladi at 280-320 deg.C for 60-80 min, spraying clear water, and cooling to room temperature.
Preferably, after the polygonatum is harvested, the sweet potato seedlings and the polygonatum are subjected to crop rotation.
Preferably, the forest land management comprises weeding, fertilizing and pest control.
Preferably, the fertilization is carried out in a mode of applying a solid fertilizer; the solid fertilizer consists of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a trace element fertilizer. Can reduce the amount of fibrous root and improve the quality of rhizoma Polygonati.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the trace element fertilizer is 5-8: 0.1-0.3.
Preferably, in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, N: p: k is 1-3:1-3: 3-6; the microelement fertilizer contains manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum.
The invention has the following technical advantages: according to the invention, by means of a wild-simulated under-forest planting mode of interplanting polygonatum and sweet potatoes, the problem of quality degradation of polygonatum can be effectively avoided, and the content of active ingredients of polygonatum can be effectively increased. When the seed stems of the polygonatum sibiricum are planted, the cut is coated with the cacumen biotae carbon powder and placed in the sealed greenhouse, so that the emergence rate can be effectively improved, and the growth of the polygonatum sibiricum can be better promoted by leveling the forest land.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for planting rhizoma polygonati under an imitated wild forest comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a mountain land and trimming a forest land; selecting Yunnan pine forest land rich in humus, removing weeds, turning over the land, applying fermented excrement, and covering pine needles; the fermented manure is obtained by mixing manure, straw and humus and then performing pile fermentation. Wherein the mass ratio of the excrement, the straw and the humus is 5: 2: 2.
(2) rhizome propagation; cutting fresh rhizome with terminal bud, coating carbon powder of cacumen Platycladi on the cut, storing in a sealed greenhouse at 28 deg.C and 35% humidity for 4 hr, and transplanting at row spacing of 30cm × 25 cm; watering thoroughly; the preparation method of the cacumen biotae carbon powder comprises the following steps: parching folium Platycladi at 300 deg.C for 70 min, spraying clear water, and cooling to room temperature.
(3) Interplanting sweet potatoes; after rhizome emergence of polygonatum, 5 rows of sweet potato seedlings are interplanted among every 10 rows of polygonatum seedlings; and after the sealwort is harvested, the sweet potato seedlings and the sealwort are subjected to crop rotation.
(4) Managing the forest land, including weeding, fertilizing and preventing and controlling diseases and pests. Fertilizing is carried out in a mode of applying solid fertilizer; the solid fertilizer consists of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a trace element fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the trace element fertilizer is 7: 0.2. Wherein, N in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer: p: k is 2:2: 5; commercially available trace element fertilizers contain manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum.
Example 2
A method for planting rhizoma polygonati under an imitated wild forest comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a mountain land and trimming a forest land; selecting Yunnan pine forest land rich in humus, removing weeds, turning over the land, applying fermented excrement, and covering pine needles; the fermented manure is obtained by mixing manure, straw and humus and then performing pile fermentation. Wherein the mass ratio of the excrement, the straw and the humus is 5: 3: 3.
(2) rhizome propagation; cutting fresh rhizome with terminal bud, coating carbon powder of cacumen Platycladi on the cut, storing in a sealed greenhouse at 30 deg.C and 40% humidity for 5 hr, and transplanting at row spacing of 30cm × 25 cm; watering thoroughly; the preparation method of the cacumen biotae carbon powder comprises the following steps: parching folium Platycladi at 320 deg.C for 80 min, spraying clear water, and cooling to room temperature.
(3) Interplanting sweet potatoes; after rhizome emergence of polygonatum, 5 rows of sweet potato seedlings are interplanted among every 10 rows of polygonatum seedlings; and after the sealwort is harvested, the sweet potato seedlings and the sealwort are subjected to crop rotation.
(4) Managing the forest land, including weeding, fertilizing and preventing and controlling diseases and pests. Fertilizing is carried out in a mode of applying solid fertilizer; the solid fertilizer consists of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a trace element fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the trace element fertilizer is 8: 0.3. Wherein, N in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer: p: k is 3:3: 6; commercially available trace element fertilizers contain manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum.
Example 3
A method for planting rhizoma polygonati under an imitated wild forest comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a mountain land and trimming a forest land; selecting Yunnan pine forest land rich in humus, removing weeds, turning over the land, applying fermented excrement, and covering pine needles; the fermented manure is obtained by mixing manure, straw and humus and then performing pile fermentation. Wherein the mass ratio of the excrement, the straw and the humus is 5: 1: 1.
(2) rhizome propagation; cutting fresh rhizome with terminal bud, coating carbon powder of cacumen Platycladi on the cut, storing in a sealed greenhouse at 25 deg.C and 30% humidity for 3 hr, and transplanting at row spacing of 30cm × 25 cm; watering thoroughly; the preparation method of the cacumen biotae carbon powder comprises the following steps: parching folium Platycladi at 280 deg.C for 60 min, spraying clear water, and cooling to room temperature.
(3) Interplanting sweet potatoes; after rhizome emergence of polygonatum, 5 rows of sweet potato seedlings are interplanted among every 10 rows of polygonatum seedlings; and after the sealwort is harvested, the sweet potato seedlings and the sealwort are subjected to crop rotation.
(4) Managing the forest land, including weeding, fertilizing and preventing and controlling diseases and pests. Fertilizing is carried out in a mode of applying solid fertilizer; the solid fertilizer consists of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a trace element fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the trace element fertilizer is 5: 0.1. Wherein, N in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer: p: k is 1:1: 3; commercially available trace element fertilizers contain manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum.
Comparative example 1
In the existing greenhouse planting mode, fresh rhizomes with terminal buds are selected to be cut, plant is planted after plant ash is used for coating a cut, compound fertilizer (or compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer are simultaneously applied) is applied, and watering is carried out.
The sealwort planted by the method of the embodiment is harvested after 2 years, and is yellow, oily, heavy, small in root, full in meat. Comparative example 1 after 2 years of planting, the amount of fibrous roots was significantly greater than that of the planting method of the example of the present invention.
To further verify the technical effects of the present invention, the following tests were carried out, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Planting method | Rate of emergence | Average fresh weight of seed stem | Average fresh weight of harvested rootstocks | Polysaccharide content |
| Example 1 | 98％ | 495g | 746g | 1.5％ |
| Example 2 | 97％ | 482g | 752g | 1.6％ |
| Example 3 | 99％ | 506g | 743g | 1.5％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 76％ | 503g | 809g | 0.6％ |
From the above table, it can be seen that the yield is slightly reduced but the content of active ingredients is higher by using the wild-like planting mode. During planting, the quality degradation of varieties is found to occur due to the fact that the existing greenhouse cannot be used for crop rotation due to region limitation. The method adopts a mode of crop rotation of rhizoma polygonati and sweet potatoes, so that the yield and quality of rhizoma polygonati can be ensured, the quality degradation of rhizoma polygonati can be avoided, and a remarkable technical effect is achieved.
In the case of emergence rate, the method of comparative example 1 was low in emergence rate because of the use of conventional plant ash, or the occurrence of rot infection.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A method for planting rhizoma polygonati under a wild-imitating forest is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a mountain land and trimming a forest land; selecting Yunnan pine forest land rich in humus, removing weeds, turning over the land, applying fermented excrement, and covering pine needles;
(2) rhizome propagation; cutting fresh rhizome with terminal bud, coating carbon powder of cacumen Platycladi on the cut, storing in sealed greenhouse at 25-30 deg.C and 30-40% humidity for 3-5 hr, and transplanting at row spacing of 30cm × 25 cm; watering thoroughly;
(3) interplanting sweet potatoes; after rhizome emergence of polygonatum, 5 rows of sweet potato seedlings are interplanted among every 10 rows of polygonatum seedlings;
(4) managing a forest land; the forest land management comprises weeding, fertilizing and pest control; the fertilization is carried out in a mode of applying solid fertilizer; the solid fertilizer consists of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a trace element fertilizer; the mass ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the trace element fertilizer is 5-8: 0.1-0.3; n in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer: p: k is 1-3:1-3: 3-6; the microelement fertilizer contains manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum.
2. The method for planting rhizoma polygonati under the wild-imitating forest according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fermented manure is obtained by mixing manure, straw and humus and then performing pile fermentation.
3. The method for planting rhizoma polygonati under the wild-imitating forest according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the excrement to the straw to the humus is 5: 1-3: 1-3.
4. The method for planting rhizoma polygonati under the wild-imitating forest according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the cacumen biotae carbon powder comprises the following steps: parching folium Platycladi at 280-320 deg.C for 60-80 min, spraying clear water, and cooling to room temperature.
5. The method for planting rhizoma polygonati under the wild-imitating forest according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and after the sealwort is harvested, the sweet potato seedlings and the sealwort are subjected to crop rotation.
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| CN108112434A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-05 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of pseudo-wild cultivating method of sealwort |
| CN108496730B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-11-05 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | A kind of method that underwood planting polygonatum kingianurn is resistant to lodging |
| CN108849353B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-12-01 | 湖南省博世康中医药有限公司 | Method for planting polygonatum sibiricum in imitation wild in larch forest |
| CN109392636A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-03-01 | 泓森林业有限公司 | A kind of method of deep gloomy Chinese scholartree forest interplanting rhizoma polygonati |
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| CN104145658A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-19 | 宁国市瑞龙生态农林开发有限公司 | Torreya grandis and Polygonatum understory interplanting method |
| CN104718940A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-24 | 安徽亿源中药饮片科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for good-quality and high-yield peonies |
| CN104904465A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-16 | 昭通市益雄药业有限公司 | Sealwort planting method |
| CN105009866A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-04 | 贵州信邦中药材发展有限公司 | Relay-intercropping cultivation method of polygonatum sibiricum |
| CN105850635A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-17 | 李瑞明 | Method for planting polygonatum kingianum in pinus kesiya forests |
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