CN107347302B - Germination accelerating device and germination accelerating method for scandent schefflera glabrata greenhouse - Google Patents
Germination accelerating device and germination accelerating method for scandent schefflera glabrata greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 241001355384 Schefflera glabrata Species 0.000 title description 2
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- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000023753 dehiscence Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-ZETCQYMHSA-N pregabalin Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](CN)CC(O)=O AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for accelerating germination of a scandent glabrous scandent greenhouse, which comprise a germination accelerating tray, wherein the germination accelerating tray comprises the following components in sequence from bottom to top: the bottom of the germination accelerating disk is provided with uniform water permeable holes, the water permeable holes are formed in the copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled material, the thickness of the germination accelerating matrix layer is 4-5cm, the thickness of the vermiculite layer is 1-3mm, the thickness of the river sand layer is 1-2mm, and the particle size of the river sand is 1-1.5mm. By using the germination accelerating device disclosed by the invention, the scandent dark urine germination rate is high, the germination is neat, the germination time is short, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of germination accelerating, and particularly relates to a device and a method for accelerating germination of scandent urine greenhouse.
Background
The scandent dark urine seeds are extremely small, the thousand kernel weight is about 0.139g, the soil breaking force of the seeds sowed in the field is small, the effect is very little by adopting the conventional germination accelerating seedling raising method, and the field germination accelerating seedling raising shows that the seedlings do not emerge or emerge less, the seedling stems are thin and weak, and the seedlings are not easy to survive after being transplanted and the like.
The container seedling raising is that the seedling raising mode of cultivating forest, flower, etc. in specific container is adopted, and the container seedling raising is usually carried out in plastic greenhouse, green house, etc. protecting facilities, so that the seedling can grow and develop under better nutrient and environmental conditions. The seedlings are planted along with rhizosphere soil clusters, the root systems of the seedlings are less damaged in the seedling lifting and planting processes, the survival rate is high, the seedling revival period is short, the growth is fast, the growth is vigorous, and the method is particularly suitable for crops or trees which are not resistant to transplantation, but the requirements on the seedling raising technology are high, and the requirements on containers in the seedling raising process are high.
The negatrox glabrata seeds belong to tiny seeds, at present, no report about container seedling culture of the negatrox glabrata seeds exists, and no report about container germination accelerating exists, so that introduction, domestication and greening popularization of the negatrox glabrata seeds are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for accelerating germination in a glabrous dark urine greenhouse.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a scandent glabrous urine greenhouse vernalization device of calyx, includes the vernalization dish, characterized by, from the bottom up is in proper order in the vernalization dish: the bottom of the germination accelerating disk is provided with uniform water permeable holes, the water permeable holes are formed in the copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled material, the thickness of the germination accelerating matrix layer is 4-5cm, the thickness of the vermiculite layer is 1-3mm, the particle size of vermiculite in the vermiculite layer is 1-3mm, the thickness of the river sand layer is 1-2mm, and the particle size of river sand is 1-1.5mm.
Preferably, the following components: the seeds are positioned between the germination accelerating matrix layer and the vermiculite layer.
Preferably: the particle size of the river sand is 1.18mm, namely 16 meshes.
Preferably, the following components: the germination accelerating disc is 56cm in length, 24cm in width and 5-8cm in depth.
The use of any of the above mentioned devices for accelerating germination in a scanty or very small seed greenhouse.
The method for accelerating germination by using any of the scandent dark urine greenhouse accelerating germination devices comprises the following steps:
(1) Laying a copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled material at the bottom of the germination accelerating disc, and punching the copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled material;
(2) Loading the germination accelerating matrix layer into a germination accelerating disc, and leveling;
(3) The carbendazim 800-time liquid is used for uniformly and thoroughly watering and disinfecting a germination accelerating matrix layer in the germination accelerating disc;
(4) Placing the seeds in a 10-mesh sieve with the same specification as the germination disk, uniformly spreading, and slightly vibrating the sieve for 1-2 times to enable the seeds to fall into the germination disk;
(5) Uniformly covering a vermiculite layer on the seeds;
(6) Covering a river sand layer;
(7) Accelerating germination is completed in an incubator or a greenhouse, the temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the humidity is not lower than 75%.
Preferably, the following components: the treatment of the step (7) is carried out for 4 to 7 days.
Preferably, the following components: the pregermination is in mid 3 months.
Preferably: before germination accelerating, the seeds in the step (4) are crushed, and cleaned by a 10-mesh and 30-mesh screen. The purity of the seeds after clean planting reaches more than 90 percent.
And further: collecting the capsules before the capsules are ripe and do not crack (preferably, the collection time is from late 8 months to middle and upper 9 months), and collecting the capsules by using a mesh bag with a mesh size of not less than 80 meshes; placing the collected capsules in a shade place, airing, removing impurities, placing into a container with a vent hole reserved on the top, and storing at indoor natural temperature in a dark place or in a weak light place until 3 months in the next year.
Preferably, the following components: the germination accelerating matrix layer is prepared by mixing vermiculite with the grain diameter of 2-4 mm: the earthworm soil is prepared according to the following steps of 7.
Has the advantages that:
(1) By using the germination accelerating device disclosed by the invention, the ratio of scanty dark urine to sprout is high, the sprouts are orderly, the time of sprouting is short, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.
(2) According to the method, the greenhouse germination accelerating mode is used for accelerating the germination of the scandent fluorescent probe for the first time, the problem that seedlings cannot emerge in fields is effectively solved, a good foundation is provided for seedling raising of the scandent fluorescent probe in the later period, and large-scale production and introduction and domestication of the scandent fluorescent probe are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the germination accelerating apparatus of the present invention;
wherein: 1. the germination accelerating disk comprises 2 copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled materials, 3 germination accelerating matrix layers, 4 vermiculite layers, 5 river sand layers, 6 seeds and 7 water permeable holes.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following embodiments are provided to further explain the present invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides a scandent glabrous urine greenhouse vernalization device of calyx, includes vernalization dish 1, from the bottom up is in proper order in the vernalization dish 1: copper foil child SBS modified asphalt coiled material 2, vernalization matrix layer 3, vermiculite layer 4 and river sand layer 5, 1 bottom of vernalization dish has even hole 7 that permeates water, set up hole 7 that permeates water on the copper foil child SBS modified asphalt coiled material 1, the thickness on vernalization matrix layer 3 is 4-5cm, the thickness on vermiculite layer 4 is 1-3mm, the particle diameter of vermiculite is 1-3mm, the thickness on river sand layer 5 is 1-2mm, the particle diameter of river sand in the river sand layer 5 is 1-1.5mm, seed 6 is located between vernalization matrix layer 3 and vermiculite layer 4.
Preferably: the particle size of the river sand is 1.18mm, namely 16 meshes.
Preferably: the germination accelerating disc 1 is 56cm long, 24cm wide and 5-8cm deep.
Example 2
The method for pregermination by using the pregabalin potamogetes greenhouse pregermination device described in any one of embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) Laying a copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled material 2 at the bottom of a germination accelerating disc 1, and punching the copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled material 2;
(2) Filling the germination accelerating matrix layer 3 into a germination accelerating disc 1, and leveling;
(3) The carbendazim solution is 800 times, and the germination accelerating matrix layers 3 in the germination accelerating disc 1 are uniformly and thoroughly poured for disinfection;
(4) Placing the seeds 6 in a 10-mesh sieve with the same specification as the germination disk 1, uniformly spreading, and slightly vibrating the sieve for 1-2 times to enable the seeds to fall into the germination disk 1;
(5) Uniformly covering the vermiculite layer 4 on the seeds 6;
(6) Covering a river sand layer 5;
(7) The germination is completed in an incubator or a greenhouse, the temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the humidity is not lower than 75%.
Example 3
In order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the specific steps of greenhouse container seedling raising performed by combining the germination accelerating device and the germination accelerating method of the invention are further described as follows:
(1) Seed collection: selecting plants which grow robustly and have no obvious plant diseases and insect pests in the last and middle of 8 months to 9 months, collecting the plants before the capsules are mature and are not cracked, collecting the plants by adopting a mesh bag with the grain size not less than 80 meshes, and returning the seeds after the collection to the indoor.
(2) Seed mining post-treatment: placing the seeds in a shade, airing, removing impurities such as fruit stalks, leaves and the like, placing the seeds into a container with a reserved vent hole at the top, and storing the seeds in a dark place or in a weak light place at a natural temperature in a room until 3 months in the next year.
(3) Seed modulation: before pregermination, crushing capsule, sieving with 10 mesh and 30 mesh sieve, and cleaning seed. The purity of the seeds after clean planting reaches more than 90 percent.
(4) Accelerating germination: pregermination was performed in 3 middle of the month.
(1) Selecting a germination disk with a length of 56cm, a width of 24cm and a depth of 5-8cm, wherein the bottom of the germination disk is provided with uniform water-permeable pores,
(2) preparation of germination accelerating matrix layer 3
Vermiculite with particle size of 2-4 mm: the earthworm soil is prepared according to the steps of 7.
(3) Germinating dish 1 filling
Firstly, laying a copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled material 2 at the bottom of a germination accelerating disc 1, and punching holes by a puncher to ensure that the bottom of a matrix is ventilated and permeable; then, the germination accelerating matrix layer 3 is arranged in the germination accelerating disc 1, and the germination accelerating disc is leveled, and the filling depth is 4-5cm.
(4) Disinfection of germination accelerating matrix layer 3
Preparing 800 times of carbendazim solution, and uniformly and thoroughly watering and disinfecting the germination accelerating matrix layer 3 in the germination accelerating disc 1.
(5) Seed placing device
And (3) placing the seeds 6 in a 10-mesh screen with the same specification as the germination accelerating disk 1, uniformly spreading, and slightly vibrating the screen for 1-2 times to enable the seeds 6 to fall into the germination accelerating disk 1. The seeds are uniformly covered with vermiculite with the thickness of 1-3mm, and river sand screened by a 16-mesh sieve is covered on the vermiculite, so that the effect of fixing the seeds is achieved during watering, the seeds are prevented from being accumulated and effectively dispersed during watering, and the thickness is 1-2 mm.
(6) Accelerating germination
The germination is completed in an incubator or a greenhouse, the temperature is controlled to be between 25 and 30 ℃, and the humidity is not lower than 75 percent. It can germinate in 4-7 days.
(5) Management of seedlings after pregermination
After germination, the germination accelerating disc 1 is placed in a greenhouse, spray watering is carried out by using a spray head with the mesh size not less than 1000 meshes, watering is carried out once every day in sunny days, and watering is carried out once every 1-2 days in cloudy days, so that the substrate is ensured to be moist. After the first true leaf of the seedling grows out, spraying a water-soluble total nutrient solution once, wherein the concentration is 2% by mass. Spraying with 800 times of carbendazim solution every 10 days. When the daytime temperature is lower than 25 ℃ and the nighttime temperature is lower than 16 ℃, heating measures such as boiler heating or electric heater heating are adopted; when the temperature exceeds 30 ℃, ventilation is carried out at proper time, and a wet curtain is added. Shading is carried out by using a shading net with the light transmittance of 50% during the period from 10. The management is carried out according to the method, and the seedlings grow in the germination accelerating disk 1 for 45-50 days.
(6) Transplanting and managing seedlings: comprises plug transplanting, nutrition pot transplanting, outdoor management before overwintering and the like.
(1) Plug transplantation and management
And 5, in the middle ten days of the month, transferring the seedlings in the germination accelerating disc 1 to a plug tray and culturing continuously in a medium temperature chamber. The plug seedling adopts a special substrate, and the substrate proportion is according to grass carbon: earthworm soil: fine river sand passing through 8 meshes =2:1:1, preparing and uniformly mixing. When the seedlings are transplanted, picking out the seedlings from the germination accelerating disc 1 by blunt-ended tweezers without breaking the root systems, stretching the root systems, transplanting the seedlings, and transplanting 2-3 seedlings into each hole disc through points; after the seedlings are transplanted, 1000-mesh nozzles are used for watering once to permeate water. Timely replanting within 1 week after transplanting the seedling, and timely replenishing the matrix corresponding to the sinking. Watering is carried out daily or every other day according to the humidity of the substrate. When the temperature exceeds 30 ℃, ventilation is carried out at proper time, and a wet curtain is added. Spraying the water-soluble nitrogen fertilizer once every 15 days, wherein the mass fraction concentration is 1.5%. The light transmittance of the sunshade net is 60 percent, and the cultivation is carried out in a greenhouse for 50 to 55 days.
(2) Nutrition pot transplanting and management
In the last 7 months, the plug seedlings are transplanted into the nutrition pots. The nutrition pot is high in specification and upper caliber of 16 × 15cm, a special substrate for seedling cultivation of the nutrition pot is adopted, and the substrate is prepared from turf: 1, applying a proper amount of decomposed organic fertilizer into the nursery mature soil =1, controlling the volume ratio within 10%, and uniformly stirring for use. Hardening seedlings outdoors, and watering every day according to the dryness and humidity of the matrix. The sunshade net is used for shading light, and the light transmittance is 60%. Spraying water-soluble nitrogen fertilizer once every 15 days, wherein the concentration is 2 percent. And (5) hardening seedlings outdoors for 35 days.
(3) Outdoor overwintering preparation and management
In the middle and late ten days of 8 months, the photoperiod scanty dark urine with the nutrition pot is transferred to a field. Selecting nursery lands with flat terrain and good drainage, preparing nursery lands and seedbeds, wherein a horizontal low bed with the depth of 20cm is required, the bed surface width is 1.2m, the length of the seedbeds depends on the conditions of the nursery lands, and the interval between the seedbeds is 80cm. Before field planting, copper foil base SBS modified asphalt coiled material is laid at the bottom of the seedbed, and holes are punched. And orderly placing the nutrition bowls in the greenhouse in a nursery bed. And (5) backfilling fine soil, and filling gaps of the nutrition pot, wherein the depth of the soil covering is 1cm higher than that of the original nutrition pot. The nursery stock is arranged on the side for shading. The large water irrigation is completed by transferring, the watering frequency is gradually reduced, and the principle of no water shortage and no watering is followed. The fertilizer is mainly applied by phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.
(7) Overwintering protection: in North China, the container seedlings can be cultivated in the same year and can be used for greening and afforestation. If the seedlings can not be outplanted in the current year, the seedlings need to stay in a bed for overwintering, and overwintering protection is needed to prevent extreme weather. Such as arch timbering. Before freezing, uniformly filling once anti-freezing water into the nursery stocks.
(8) Managing biennial seedlings:
timely removing the overwintering protection device for the nursery stock in spring; supplementing water in time according to the growth condition of the nursery stock; weeding in due time, based on the principle of 'removing early, removing small and removing', ensuring no weed in the container and on the edges of the nursery bed; supplementing the substrate to the container with the substrate sinking in time; and (3) carrying out foliar fertilization on the nursery stock for 4-10 months, spraying 1.5-2% of urea and 0.1-0.2% of monopotassium phosphate for 2-3 times each month, and alternately applying. If some diseases and insect pests occur, the control is carried out in time.
(9) And (3) outplanting management:
(1) lifting seedlings: and counting the survival rate of the seedlings. And (4) ensuring the completeness of the nutrition pot during seedling lifting, and sorting the seedlings after seedling lifting.
(2) And (3) packaging and transporting: the seedlings are contained in plastic turnover boxes and hard paper boxes, and when the seedlings are transported remotely, water is sprayed to preserve moisture and tarpaulins are added.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for accelerating germination by using a device for accelerating germination in a scanty-dark-sunlight greenhouse is characterized in that,
the device for accelerating germination of the scandent-dark-sunlight greenhouse comprises a germination accelerating tray, wherein the germination accelerating tray is internally provided with the following components in sequence from bottom to top: the bottom of the germination accelerating disk is provided with uniform water permeable holes, the water permeable holes are formed in the copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled material, the thickness of the germination accelerating substrate layer is 4-5cm, the thickness of the vermiculite layer is 1-3mm, the particle size of vermiculite is 1-3mm, the thickness of the river sand layer is 1-2mm, the particle size of river sand is 1-1.5mm, and seeds are positioned between the germination accelerating substrate layer and the vermiculite layer,
the germination accelerating method comprises the following steps:
(1) Laying a copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled material at the bottom of the germination accelerating disc, and punching the copper foil blank SBS modified asphalt coiled material;
(2) Loading the germination accelerating matrix layer into a germination accelerating tray, and leveling;
(3) The carbendazim solution is 800 times, and the germination accelerating matrix layers in the germination accelerating disc are uniformly watered thoroughly for disinfection;
(4) Placing the seeds in a 10-mesh sieve with the same specification as the germination disk, uniformly spreading, and slightly vibrating the sieve for 1-2 times to enable the seeds to fall into the germination disk;
(5) Uniformly covering a vermiculite layer on the seeds;
(6) Covering a river sand layer;
(7) Accelerating germination is completed in an incubator or a greenhouse, the temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the humidity is not lower than 75%.
2. Pregermination method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the river sand has a particle size of 1.18mm.
3. Pregermination method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the pregermination trays have a length of 56cm, a width of 24cm and a depth of 5-8cm.
4. Method for pregermination as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the pregermination is performed in mid 3 months.
5. The pregermination method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeds in the step (4) are prepared by crushing capsules, sieving with a 10-mesh and 30-mesh sieve and cleaning seeds before pregermination.
6. A germination accelerating method according to claim 5, wherein the capsule is collected before maturation and dehiscence, and collected by mesh bag with 80 mesh or more; placing the collected capsules in a shade place, airing, removing impurities, placing into a container with a vent hole reserved on the top, and storing at indoor natural temperature in a dark place or in a weak light place until 3 months in the next year.
7. The pregermination method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the collection time is from late 8 to early 9 months.
8. Use of a method of pregermination as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 for pregermination of small-grain or very small-grain seeds.
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CN104170622A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-12-03 | 重庆天开园林股份有限公司 | Sowing and seedling raising method for mock orange |
CN104472171A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 岭南师范学院 | Seedling raising method and device for fine seeds |
CN206389723U (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-08-11 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of Kiwi berry pregermination device of intermittent warming |
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2017
- 2017-08-18 CN CN201710711888.3A patent/CN107347302B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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GB989384A (en) * | 1962-01-30 | 1965-04-14 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Aqueous asphalt emulsions for use as agricultural mulches |
CN104170622A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-12-03 | 重庆天开园林股份有限公司 | Sowing and seedling raising method for mock orange |
CN104472171A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 岭南师范学院 | Seedling raising method and device for fine seeds |
CN206389723U (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-08-11 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of Kiwi berry pregermination device of intermittent warming |
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