CN107318637A - A kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed - Google Patents
A kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN107318637A CN107318637A CN201710424673.3A CN201710424673A CN107318637A CN 107318637 A CN107318637 A CN 107318637A CN 201710424673 A CN201710424673 A CN 201710424673A CN 107318637 A CN107318637 A CN 107318637A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed, belong to the production technical field of sea-plant.The present invention is first by mixing and ball millings such as diatomite, attapulgites, thin rounded flakes are pressed into after drying, and in the perforation of thin slice home position, sintering carrier is made through high-temperature calcination again, then in carrier surface coating self-control spire bog moss homogenate, cultivated in greenhouse, scraped after full wafer after the growth survival of spire bog moss, seaweed seeds are embedded in below spire bog moss again, the growth of spire bog moss is bonded to carrier surface through cultivating again, obtain breeding thin slice, finally fixed breeding thin slice with nylon rope, sow and recover region in sea grass, carry out conventional sea grass culture.The present invention makes full use of spire bog moss when the carrier surface of loose structure grows set, seaweed seeds are fixed and activated, avoid sowing rear seed loss, while spire bog moss residual nutritional ingredient after seabed is dead can effectively improve seaweed seeds survival rate, have broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed, belong to the production technical field of sea-plant.
Background technology
Shallow sea sea grass bed is that a variety of precious marine organisms such as dugong, green turtle, hippocampus take food ground, habitat, nursery
Or place is protected, " aquafarm " is called, is one of global productive forces highest aquatic ecosystem, its Ecosystem Service
Value can match in excellence or beauty with the typical ocean ecosystem such as coral reef and mangrove.In addition, sea grass bed is also promoting silt Gu Tan, is improving offshore
Important Ecology Action is played in terms of water quality, maintenance global carbon balance.However, this ecosystem is most crisp on the earth
One of weak ecosystem, is lost due to direct or indirect man's activity, and the decline rate of global sea grass is also adding
It hurry up, the acceleration of global sea grass, which is degenerated, also results in the aggravation of coastal ecological environment deterioration.Therefore, carry out sea grass bed to recover for protecting
Existing sea grass resource tool is protected to be of great significance.
Traditional sea grass bed restoration methods have Habitat pattern method, the seed law and root-like stock grafting.Habitat pattern method is logical
Overprotection, improvement or simulation habitat, are weeks time to reach the purpose progressively recovered by the natural procreation of sea grass
Phase veryer long process.Although and the seed law careless source is negatively affected it is smaller, because seaweed seeds germination rate does not surpass generally
10% is crossed, and seaweed seeds are difficult collection, after planting easily lose, seed collecting is subject to seasonal restrictions also greatly, therefore in sea grass recovers to implement
It is general seldom to use.Root-like stock grafting advantage is to adopt grass to destroy smaller to careless source, but is difficult to fix in plantation, therefore is survived
Rate is typically relatively low.Therefore, a kind of more preferably shallow sea sea grass restoration methods are studied, to improve the resume speed of sea grass, to protection
Marine resources environment, it appears particularly important.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：It is very long for traditional shallow sea sea grass bed recovery process cycle, recovered
Seaweed seeds or plant are lost in because being difficult to fixed in journey, and causing the problem of survival rate is relatively low, there is provided a kind of shallow sea sea grass bed
Restoration methods.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
（1）Successively weigh 800~1000g diatomite, 200~300g attapulgites, 6~8g activated carbons, 30~40g kaolin,
200~300mL poly-vinyl alcohol solutions, 6~8g polyacrylamides are pressed into circle sheet, then at the circle sheet center of circle after ball milling, drying
Circular hole is bored in position, through calcining after, produces sintering carrier；
（2）Liver moss homogenate is coated on sintering carrier surface, will using the liver moss of sintering carrier superficial growth after hot-house culture
Seaweed seeds are coated on sintering carrier, continue hot-house culture, and spray mixed solution every 8~12h in the training period, must be educated
Plant thin slice；
（3）Breeding thin slice is fixed on nylon rope, then at 3~May, the breeding thin slice that nylon rope is fixed is sowed in sea
Grass recovers region, carries out sea grass culture；
Described liver moss homogenate is by 400~600g liver mosses, after 300~500mL milk is smashed to pieces with 400~500mL water, adjust pH to
After 6.0~6.5, obtain.
Step（1）Described poly-vinyl alcohol solution mass fraction is 3~5%.
Step（1）Described circle sheet thickness is 4~6mm, a diameter of 6~8cm.
Step（1）Described Circularhole diameter is 4~6mm.
Step（1）Described calcination condition is：In Muffle furnace, 900 are warming up to 8~10 DEG C/min rate programs~
950 DEG C, insulation 2~4h of calcining cools to room temperature with the furnace.
Step（2）Described liver moss is one kind in the bent tail moss of spire bog moss, bald leaf bog moss or brown.
Step（2）Described hot-house culture condition is：Temperature is 12~15 DEG C, relative air humidity 70~75%, and illumination is strong
Spend for 400~450Lux, incubation time is 10~15 days.
Step（2）It is 0.3~0.5% ammonium chloride solution by mass fraction that described mixed solution, which is, and mass fraction is 0.4
~0.6% urea liquid is 1 by volume:1 mixes.
Step（2）Described seaweed seeds are：One kind in Zostera marina, short Zostera marina, halophila oralis, extra large calamus, sea God's grass
Or it is several.
Step（3）The described breeding thin slice amount of sowing is 6~10/m2。
The present invention is compared with other method, and advantageous effects are：
（1）Sintering carrier is made with the sintering such as diatomite, attapulgite, kaolin of loose structure first in the present invention, recycles
Liver moss grows set in the carrier surface of loose structure, in fixation process, liver moss and carrier strong bonded, and by seaweed seeds
It is coated and fixed, it is to avoid sow rear seaweed seeds and be lost in, and during hot-house culture, liver moss root environment and greenhouse are matched somebody with somebody
Close, seaweed seeds can be realized and activated, and then improve seaweed seeds germination rate；
（2）The present invention is sowed in marine site after breeding thin slice is connected, after the liver moss of sheet surface cladding is dead in seabed, degraded
The material of generation can grow needed nutrient matter as seaweed seeds, further improve seaweed seeds survival rate and growth speed
Degree, while being connected by nylon rope, can be such that sea grass grows in flakes, reduces the probability taken away by seawater scouring, so as to carry
The sea grass resume speed of high shallow sea area, shortens the recovery cycle.
Embodiment
Weigh 800~1000g diatomite successively first, 200~300g attapulgites, 6~8g activated carbons, 30~40g is high
Ridge soil, 200~300mL mass fractions are 3~5% poly-vinyl alcohol solutions, and 6~8g polyacrylamides are poured into ball grinder, by ball
It is 15 to expect mass ratio:1~20:1 adds zirconium oxide ball milling pearl, 4~6h of ball milling mixing；Treat that ball milling mixing terminates, by ball grinder
Material is transferred in baking oven, and 3~5h is dried under the conditions of temperature is 80~100 DEG C, then dried material is placed in tablet press machine,
Under the conditions of pressure is 35~38MPa, thickness is pressed into for 4~6mm, a diameter of 6~8cm circle sheets, and in the circle sheet center of circle
A diameter of 4~6mm circular hole is bored in position, then the thin slice after drilling is transferred into Muffle furnace, with 8~10 DEG C/min rate programs
900~950 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 2~4h of calcining cools to room temperature with the furnace, discharges, obtain sintering carrier；400~600g is weighed again
Liver moss, is cleaned 3~5 times repeatedly with clear water, removes root silt impurity, then by the liver moss after cleaning and 300~500mL milk,
400~500mL water, mixing is poured into tissue mashing refiner, breaks into homogenate, then even for the regulation of 3~5% hydrochloric acid with mass fraction
PH is starched to 6.0~6.5, liver moss homogenate is obtained；The homogenate of gained liver moss is spread evenly across sintering carrier surface, controls the coating thickness to be
1~2mm, then the sintering carrier after coating is moved into greenhouse, it is 12~15 DEG C in temperature, relative air humidity is 70~75%,
Under the conditions of intensity of illumination is 400~450Lux, cultivate 10~15 days, in the training period every 8~12h watering cans to sintering carrier
Clear water is sprayed on surface, and it is 60~80mL/m to control fountain height2；Treat that culture terminates, with blade by the tongue of sintering carrier superficial growth
Moss full wafer is scraped, and sprays 3~5mL water in sintering carrier surface, then by 8~10g seaweed seeds spreading in sintering carrier surface,
After seaweed seeds are covered with the full wafer liver moss scraped, sintering carrier is moved in greenhouse, temperature is continued at for 12~15 DEG C, it is empty
Gas relative humidity 70~75%, under the conditions of intensity of illumination is 400~450Lux, cultivates 10~15 days, in the training period every 8~
12h watering cans spray mixed solution to sintering carrier surface, and it is 60~80mL/m to control fountain height2, obtain breeding thin slice；By 3~5
Breeding thin slice obtained by piece is lain on the nylon rope that length is 2m, and every breeding thin slice spacing of regulation is 20~22cm, then at 3~5
In month, the breeding thin slice that nylon rope is fixed is sowed and recovers region in sea grass, it is 6~10/m to control the amount of sowing2, carry out sea
Grass culture 80~100 days.Wherein liver moss is one kind in the bent tail moss of spire bog moss, bald leaf bog moss or brown.Wherein
It is 0.3~0.5% ammonium chloride solution by mass fraction that mixed solution, which is, and mass fraction is 0.4~0.6% urea liquid by volume
Than for 1:1 mixes.Wherein seaweed seeds are：Zostera marina, short Zostera marina, halophila oralis, extra large calamus, one kind in sea God's grass or
It is several.
Example 1
First successively weigh 1000g diatomite, 300g attapulgites, 8g activated carbons, 40g kaolin, 300mL mass fractions be 5%
Poly-vinyl alcohol solution, 8g polyacrylamides, is poured into ball grinder, is 20 by ball material mass ratio:1 adds zirconium oxide ball milling pearl, ball
Mill mixing 6h；Treat that ball milling mixing terminates, material in ball grinder is transferred in baking oven, 5h is dried under the conditions of temperature is 100 DEG C, then
Dried material is placed in tablet press machine, under the conditions of pressure is 38MPa, thickness is pressed into for 6mm, a diameter of 8cm circles are thin
Piece, and a diameter of 6mm circular hole is bored in circle sheet home position, then the thin slice after drilling is transferred to Muffle furnace, with 10 DEG C/
Min rate programs are warming up to 950 DEG C, and insulation calcining 4h cools to room temperature with the furnace, discharges, obtain sintering carrier；It is thin that 600g is weighed again
Leaf bog moss, is cleaned 5 times repeatedly with clear water, removes root silt impurity, then by the spire bog moss after cleaning and 500mL oxen
Milk, 500mL water, mixing is poured into tissue mashing refiner, breaks into homogenate, then with mass fraction be 5% hydrochloric acid adjust be homogenized pH to
6.5, obtain the homogenate of spire bog moss；The homogenate of gained spire bog moss is spread evenly across sintering carrier surface, coating thickness is controlled
For 2mm, then the sintering carrier after coating moved into greenhouse, be 15 DEG C in temperature, relative air humidity is 75%, intensity of illumination
Under the conditions of 450Lux, cultivate 15 days, spray clear water, control spray to sintering carrier surface every 12h watering cans in the training period
The amount of spilling is 80mL/m2；Treat that culture terminates, scraped the spire bog moss full wafer of sintering carrier superficial growth with blade, and in burning
Carrier surface sprinkling 5mL water is tied, then by 10g grass wrack seeds spreading in sintering carrier surface, with the full wafer spire peat scraped
After moss covers grass wrack seeds, sintering carrier is moved in greenhouse, it is 15 DEG C, relative air humidity 75%, light to continue at temperature
It is molten to the sprinkling mixing of sintering carrier surface every 12h watering cans in the training period according to intensity under the conditions of 450Lux, to cultivate 15 days
Liquid, it is 80mL/m to control fountain height2, obtain breeding thin slice；5 gained breeding thin slices are lain on the nylon rope that length is 2m, adjusted
Every breeding thin slice spacing of section is 22cm, and then at May, the breeding thin slice that nylon rope is fixed is sowed in sea grass recovery district
Domain, it is 10/m to control the amount of sowing2, carry out sea grass and cultivate 100 days.Wherein mixed solution be by mass fraction be 0.5% chlorine
It is that 0.6% urea liquid is 1 by volume to change ammonium salt solution with mass fraction:1 mixes.
Example 2
First successively weigh 800g diatomite, 200g attapulgites, 6g activated carbons, 30g kaolin, 200mL mass fractions be 3%
Poly-vinyl alcohol solution, 6g polyacrylamides, is poured into ball grinder, is 15 by ball material mass ratio:1 adds zirconium oxide ball milling pearl, ball
Mill mixing 4h；Treat that ball milling mixing terminates, material in ball grinder is transferred in baking oven, 3h is dried under the conditions of temperature is 80 DEG C, then
Dried material is placed in tablet press machine, under the conditions of pressure is 35MPa, thickness is pressed into for 4mm, a diameter of 6cm circles are thin
Piece, and a diameter of 4mm circular hole is bored in circle sheet home position, then the thin slice after drilling is transferred to Muffle furnace, with 8 DEG C/
Min rate programs are warming up to 900 DEG C, and insulation calcining 2h cools to room temperature with the furnace, discharges, obtain sintering carrier；It is bald that 400g is weighed again
Leaf bog moss, is cleaned 3 times repeatedly with clear water, removes root silt impurity, then by the bald leaf bog moss after cleaning and 300mL oxen
Milk, 400mL water, mixing is poured into tissue mashing refiner, breaks into homogenate, then with mass fraction be 3% hydrochloric acid adjust be homogenized pH to
6.0, obtain bald leaf bog moss homogenate；The bald leaf bog moss homogenate of gained is spread evenly across sintering carrier surface, coating thickness is controlled
For 1mm, then the sintering carrier after coating moved into greenhouse, be 12 DEG C in temperature, relative air humidity is 70%, intensity of illumination
Under the conditions of 400Lux, cultivate 10 days, spray clear water, control sprinkling to sintering carrier surface every 8h watering cans in the training period
Measure as 60mL/m2；Treat that culture terminates, scraped the bald leaf bog moss full wafer of sintering carrier superficial growth with blade, and in sintering
Carrier surface sprays 3mL water, then by the short grass wrack seeds spreadings of 8g in sintering carrier surface, with the bald leaf bog moss of the full wafer scraped
After short grass wrack seeds are covered, sintering carrier is moved in greenhouse, it is 12, relative air humidity 70%, illumination to continue at temperature
Intensity sprays mixed solution every 8h watering cans to sintering carrier surface in the training period under the conditions of 400Lux, to cultivate 10 days,
It is 60mL/m to control fountain height2, obtain breeding thin slice；3 gained breeding thin slices are lain on the nylon rope that length is 2m, regulation is every
Piece breeding thin slice spacing is 22cm, then at March, the breeding thin slice that nylon rope is fixed is sowed and recovers region, control in sea grass
The record and broadcast amount of spreading is 6/m2, carry out sea grass and cultivate 80 days.Wherein mixed solution is molten for 0.3% ammonium chloride by mass fraction
Liquid and mass fraction are that 0.4% urea liquid is 1 by volume:1 mixes.
Example 3
First successively weigh 900g diatomite, 250g attapulgites, 7g activated carbons, 35g kaolin, 250mL mass fractions be 4%
Poly-vinyl alcohol solution, 7g polyacrylamides, is poured into ball grinder, is 17 by ball material mass ratio:1 adds zirconium oxide ball milling pearl, ball
Mill mixing 5h；Treat that ball milling mixing terminates, material in ball grinder is transferred in baking oven, 4h is dried under the conditions of temperature is 90 DEG C, then
Dried material is placed in tablet press machine, under the conditions of pressure is 37MPa, thickness is pressed into for 5mm, a diameter of 7cm circles are thin
Piece, and a diameter of 5mm circular hole is bored in circle sheet home position, then the thin slice after drilling is transferred to Muffle furnace, with 9 DEG C/
Min rate programs are warming up to 920 DEG C, and insulation calcining 3h cools to room temperature with the furnace, discharges, obtain sintering carrier；500g palm fibres are weighed again
Color song tail moss, is cleaned 4 times repeatedly with clear water, removes root silt impurity, then by the bent tail moss of brown and 400mL oxen after cleaning
Milk, 450mL water, mixing is poured into tissue mashing refiner, breaks into homogenate, then with mass fraction be 4% hydrochloric acid adjust be homogenized pH to
6.2, obtain the bent tail moss homogenate of brown；The bent tail moss homogenate of gained brown is spread evenly across sintering carrier surface, coating thickness is controlled
For 1mm, then the sintering carrier after coating moved into greenhouse, be 13 DEG C in temperature, relative air humidity is 72%, intensity of illumination
Under the conditions of 420Lux, cultivate 12 days, spray clear water, control to sintering carrier surface every 8~12h watering cans in the training period
Fountain height is 70mL/m2；Treat that culture terminates, scraped the bent tail moss full wafer of the brown of sintering carrier superficial growth with blade, and in
4mL water is sprayed on sintering carrier surface, then by 9g halophila oralis seed spreadings in sintering carrier surface, with the bent tail of the full wafer brown scraped
After moss covers halophila oralis seed, sintering carrier is moved in greenhouse, it is 13 DEG C, relative air humidity 72%, light to continue at temperature
It is molten to the sprinkling mixing of sintering carrier surface every 10h watering cans in the training period according to intensity under the conditions of 420Lux, to cultivate 12 days
Liquid, it is 70mL/m to control fountain height2, obtain breeding thin slice；4 gained breeding thin slices are lain on the nylon rope that length is 2m, adjusted
Every breeding thin slice spacing of section is 21cm, and then at April, the breeding thin slice that nylon rope is fixed is sowed in sea grass recovery district
Domain, it is 7/m to control the amount of sowing2, carry out sea grass and cultivate 90 days.Wherein mixed solution be by mass fraction be 0.4% chlorination
Ammonium salt solution and mass fraction are that 0.5% urea liquid is 1 by volume:1 mixes.
Reference examples：Area is being repaired, seaweed seeds are directly sowed using floating method.
Case study 1 is to the survival rate and germination rate of example 3 and reference examples seed, data such as table 1.
Table 1
| Detection project | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Reference examples |
| Survival rate（%） | 17 | 18 | 14 | 1 |
| Germination rate（%） | 25 | 27 | 30 | 10 |
As seen from the above table, restorative procedure of the invention improves the germination rate and survival rate of seed, is conducive to the reparation of sea grass bed.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed, it is characterised in that concrete operation step is：
（1）Successively weigh 800~1000g diatomite, 200~300g attapulgites, 6~8g activated carbons, 30~40g kaolin,
200~300mL poly-vinyl alcohol solutions, 6~8g polyacrylamides are pressed into circle sheet, then at the circle sheet center of circle after ball milling, drying
Circular hole is bored in position, through calcining after, produces sintering carrier；
（2）Liver moss homogenate is coated on sintering carrier surface, will using the liver moss of sintering carrier superficial growth after hot-house culture
Seaweed seeds are coated on sintering carrier, continue hot-house culture, and spray mixed solution every 8~12h in the training period, must be educated
Plant thin slice；
（3）Breeding thin slice is fixed on nylon rope, then at 3~May, the breeding thin slice that nylon rope is fixed is sowed in sea
Grass recovers region, carries out sea grass culture；
Described liver moss homogenate is by 400~600g liver mosses, after 300~500mL milk is smashed to pieces with 400~500mL water, adjust pH to
After 6.0~6.5, obtain.
2. a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Described is poly-
Glycohol solution mass fraction is 3~5%.
3. a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Described circle
Sheet thickness is 4~6mm, a diameter of 6~8cm.
4. a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Described circle
Bore dia is 4~6mm.
5. a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Described forges
Burning condition is：In Muffle furnace, 900~950 DEG C, insulation 2~4h of calcining, with stove are warming up to 8~10 DEG C/min rate programs
It is cooled to room temperature.
6. a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）Described tongue
Moss is one kind in the bent tail moss of spire bog moss, bald leaf bog moss or brown.
7. a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）Described temperature
Room condition of culture is：Temperature is 12~15 DEG C, and relative air humidity 70~75%, intensity of illumination is 400~450Lux, during culture
Between be 10~15 days.
8. a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）Described is mixed
Close solution be by mass fraction be 0.3~0.5% ammonium chloride solution with mass fraction be 0.4~0.6% urea liquid by volume
For 1:1 mixes.
9. a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）Described sea
Grass seed is：One or more in Zostera marina, short Zostera marina, halophila oralis, extra large calamus, sea God's grass.
10. a kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（3）Described educates
It is 6~10/m to plant the thin slice amount of sowing2。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112931178A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-11 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Seaweed culture system and method based on land-based greenhouse |
| CN113080051A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-09 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Method for promoting recovery of shallow sea seaweed bed |
| CN115443901A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-09 | 海南大学 | Breeding method of lolium ovale and repairing method of seaweed bed |
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