CN102138510A - Simple and convenient zostera marina L. seaweed bed ecological restoration system - Google Patents
Simple and convenient zostera marina L. seaweed bed ecological restoration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102138510A CN102138510A CN2010105792189A CN201010579218A CN102138510A CN 102138510 A CN102138510 A CN 102138510A CN 2010105792189 A CN2010105792189 A CN 2010105792189A CN 201010579218 A CN201010579218 A CN 201010579218A CN 102138510 A CN102138510 A CN 102138510A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
Abstract
The invention relates to seaweed bed restoration and reconstruction techniques, in particular to a simple and convenient zostera marina L. seaweed bed ecological restoration system, which comprises: fixing zostera marina L. on stones of proper sizes by thin ropes; and performing zostera marina L. cultivation and seaweed bed ecological restoration in a proper sea area, wherein the cultivation density of the zostera marina L. is 300 to 500 plants per square meter. When the method is used, the problem that the high water power of an intertidal zone affects the cultivation and survival of seaweeds and the problem that it is difficult to transplant seaweed in the sea area in a subtidal zone are solved, and the restoration or reconstruction of the zostera marina L. seaweed beds in the intertidal zone and the subtidal zone can be performed conveniently and quickly by combining with the simple, convenient and effective zostera marina L. transplanting method provided by the invention. In addition, the materials used in the invention avoid polluting the sea areas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sea grass bed and recover and reconstruction technique specifically a kind of easy Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method.
Background technology
Sea grass bed (Seagrass meadows) ecosystem and mangrove forest, coral reef ecologic system are considered to coastal waters three big typical marine ecosystems together.And international research is the result show, the sea grass bed ecology service is worth apparently higher than the ecology service of mangrove forest and coral reef and is worth.Sea grass is unique shallow sea angiosperm under water that is submerged in, and differentiates organs such as root, stem, leaf, flower and seed.Sea grass bed in great numbers is the important symbol of healthy marine environment as the forest of land, is precious " grassland, seabed " or " submarine forest ".Sea grass bed is the high productivity district, can provide good habitat, nursery and protection ground for marine organisms such as fish shrimp crab shellfishes, also helps perching of seabird; Provide important food source for many biologies simultaneously.Sea grass bed also is that one of system is caught and sealed up for safekeeping to the most effective carbon on the earth, and the UN organizations are thought: reply climatic variation the most urgent action is to keep and recover " blue carbon " and converge, and sea grass is given priority to mangrove forest, sabkha.
Northern China temperate zone marine site, especially Shandong coastal waters are the important zones of sea grass distribution.Zostera marina (Zostera marina L.) is a kind of sea grass that the coastal distribution of northern China is the widest, quantity is maximum, and only is distributed in marine site, northern China temperate zone, as coastal waters such as Shandong, Hebei and Liaoning.The Zostera marina sea grass bed is the good place that marine economy biologies such as sea cucumber, shellfish (comprising octopus), shrimp crab class and fish are perched, bred and hide oneself.Zostera marina is a herbaceos perennial, and main sinking is born in the mild argillo arenaceous shallow water of physical features seabed, and the shallow water area from the intertidal zone to the subtidal zone all has distribution, and maximum water depth can reach 30m, and its leaf is elongated to be banded, is commonly called as Triglochin martimum, and Ye Changke reaches more than 3 meters.
In marine site, northern China temperate zone, as Shandong coastal waters, the Zostera marina sea grass bed was once very in great numbers, serious degradation now, and sea grass is sparse to be block and to distribute, and mostly is not linked to be sheet.In northern China, coastal fisherman Zostera marina sea grass commonly used makes to build the material on top, house.The sea grass room is the exclusive significant folk custom symbol in northern Shandong, also is considered in the world one of the most representative ecological local-style dwelling houses, mainly is distributed in coastal areas such as Weihai, Yantai, Qingdao.This illustrates that from the another side sea grass was how in great numbers in the past, and the now is but stayed very few.According to estimates, Shandong coastal waters Zostera marina sea grass bed has been degenerated more than 80%.
For a long time, the important function of sea grass in the ocean do not obtain enough attention, and the sea grass bed area descends in the world, many marine sites are on the brink of extinction, and injure other halobiontic existence, and bio-diversity also decreases, and it is fragile more that the littoral ecosystem also becomes.
In recent years, people begin to recognize the important function of sea grass in marine ecosystems, begin to pay attention to the protection of the sea grass ecosystem with to the ecological recovery of the sea grass ecosystem of degenerating.At present, still be weak about shallow water territory, intertidal zone and subtidal zone than the Zostera marina sea grass transplanting technology in territory, deep-sea.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for intertidal zone and subtidal zone provide a kind of easy Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method than the recovery or the reconstruction of the Zostera marina of deepwater field, adopting the present invention to overcome the intertidal zone hydrodynamic force influences the sea grass cultivation by force and survives and the problem of subtidal zone marine site sea grass transplanting difficulty.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of easy Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method is tied up the root of Zostera marina plant on stone with cord, carries out the Zostera marina cultivation then in the sea area, and the planting density of Zostera marina is every square metre of 300-500.
Described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method, its manufacturing materials of used cord derives from degradable vegetable material, as the cotton cord or the rope made of hemp etc., in seawater through can degrading the thick 1-2.5 millimeter of cord more than two months gradually.
Described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method, stone is with the stone of ellipsoid shape to strip, and its weight restrains with 50-150.
Described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method after the Zostera marina plant is gathered, is cut the bizet of Zostera marina, and the height that makes Zostera marina is advisable with 15-25 centimetre below 25 centimetres.
Described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method ties up on the stone with cord along the direction of the stone major axis root with Zostera marina, ties up 1-3 Zostera marina plant on every block of stone.
Described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method is fit to the marine site that Zostera marina is grown in the intertidal zone, is chosen in the time of low water, carries out the Zostera marina sea grass and recover when sky is revealed in the seabed; Cultivation method is: dig pit in the seabed, the stone that will be tied with Zostera marina then tilts to be embedded in the hole, and Zostera marina stem and plane, seabed are the angle of 30-60 degree, and landwards a square neck is oblique to make Zostera marina; The root of Zostera marina is positioned at the side of stone; Shale environment a little less than hydrodynamic force, the root of Zostera marina are embedded in subsurface 1-3 centimetre; And at the stronger sandy environment of hydrodynamic force, the root of Zostera marina is embedded in subsurface 3-6 centimetre.
Described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method, than the profundal zone, then the stone that will be tied with Zostera marina by the diver is embedded in the seabed at subtidal zone.
Described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method, the method for carrying out the recovery of Zostera marina sea grass bed than deepwater field at subtidal zone are direct throwing of the stone that is tied with Zostera marina to be got final product in the seabed, and do not need the diver to carry out underwater operation.
Described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method for sandy environments such as subsea, is thrown the stone that is tied with Zostera marina behind the seabed, sprinkles one deck silt on these stones.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, by the present invention, with cord the root of Zostera marina plant is tied up on stone, then Zostera marina is cultivated in the seabed together with stone, can avoid ocean current that Zostera marina is washed away out like this.During cultivation, make Zostera marina/stone and ground be certain gradient, and consistent, so also can strengthen the ability of Zostera marina opposing ocean current with the direction of current at the incoming tide.
2, used cord is degradable vegetable material among the present invention, and as cotton cord, the rope made of hemp, such cord will be degraded gradually through after the several months in briny environment, thereby can not constitute pollution to marine environment.
3, by the present invention, also overcome subtidal zone marine site Zostera marina and transplanted difficult problem, the fast method that carries out the transplanting of Zostera marina sea grass bed than the profundal zone at subtidal zone is, the direct throwing of the stone that is tied with Zostera marina got final product in the seabed, stone can make Zostera marina be fixed on the influence that ocean current is avoided in the seabed, rely on the growth of Zostera marina and the ability of taking root of self, Zostera marina is survived and take root to be fixed on the seabed; For sandy environments such as subsea, if throw behind the seabed, on stone, sprinkle one deck silt at the stone that is tied with Zostera marina, will significantly improve the survival rate of Zostera marina so, and help Zostera marina to take root to be fixed on the seabed.In a word, the invention provides a kind of very simple and effective Zostera marina sea grass bed construction method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Use method of the present invention to carry out the transplanting of Zostera marina and the recovery and the reconstruction test of sea grass bed in the bay, Shandong.Material therefor is as follows: 1. thin cotton cord (2 millimeters thick, is placed in the seawater, under 20 ℃, through degraded in three months); 2. the ellipsoid shape of seashore collection is to the small stone (weight range is the 80-120 gram) of strip, and the stone surface ratio is more coarse; 3. fresh and alive Zostera marina plant is collected in natural waters, cuts the bizet of Zostera marina, and the height that makes Zostera marina is 20 centimetres.
Zostera marina experiment in cultivation process is as follows: with thin cotton cord the root of Zostera marina plant is tied up on small stone, promptly tied up on the stone with thin cotton cord along the direction of the stone major axis root with Zostera marina, tie up 2 Zostera marina plant on every block of stone.Carried out the Zostera marina cultivation Mays in 2009 in the seabed in test sea area, the planting density of Zostera marina is 400 every square metre, has cultivated 800 square metres altogether.
In the marine site, intertidal zone, be chosen in the time of low water, when revealing sky, the seabed carries out the Zostera marina cultivation.Cultivation method is: dig pit in the seabed, the stone that will be tied with Zostera marina then tilts to be embedded in the hole, Zostera marina stem and plane, seabed are the angle of 45 degree, make Zostera marina oblique to seashore land one square neck, just the incline direction of Zostera marina is consistent with the direction of current at the incoming tide, and the root of Zostera marina is positioned at the side of stone; Shale environment a little less than hydrodynamic force, the root of Zostera marina are embedded in 2 centimetres of subsurfaces; And at the stronger sandy environment of hydrodynamic force, the root of Zostera marina is embedded in 5 centimetres of subsurfaces.
Than profundal zone (depth of water is 3～6 meters), then the stone that will be tied with Zostera marina by the diver is embedded in the seabed at subtidal zone.Simultaneously, at a kind of simple and rapid Zostera marina cultivation method that subtidal zone has also carried out than the profundal zone, the stone that is about to be tied with Zostera marina is directly invested the seabed aboard ship, has accelerated the speed of sea grass cultivation so greatly, and has not needed the diver to carry out underwater operation.Simultaneously,, throw behind the seabed, also on these stones, spread one deck silt, can significantly improve the survival rate of Zostera marina like this, and help Zostera marina to take root to be fixed on the seabed by the diver at the stone that will be tied with Zostera marina for sandy environments such as subsea.
Result of the test is as follows:
At the beginning of 2009 6 months, above Zostera marina of cultivating is observed, find that the Zostera marina overwhelming majority of being cultivated has all survived, and the reproduction strain is bloomed; Observe and measure in July, find that Zostera marina all grows tall, and grow a lot of stem branches, seed has been tied in the reproduction strain.In the marine site, intertidal zone, the Zostera marina survival rate is about 95%, the shale environment a little less than hydrodynamic force wherein, and the Zostera marina height flat is 1.2 meters, at the stronger sandy environment of hydrodynamic force, average 1.1 meters of Zostera marina height.Than deepwater field, the stone that will be tied with Zostera marina by the diver is embedded in the silt of seabed at subtidal zone, and survival rate is also nearly 95%, and the Zostera marina height flat is 1.5 meters.And for aboard ship directly the stone that is tied with Zostera marina being thrown in the seabed of subtidal zone than deepwater field, the survival rate of Zostera marina is about 75%, average 1.4 meters of Zostera marina height; Simultaneously for sandy environments such as subsea, on being tied with the stone of Zostera marina, these have spread one deck silt by the diver, and the survival rate of Zostera marina is about 85% in this case, average 1.5 meters of Zostera marina height.
As seen, the result of the test of present embodiment shows, can recover at an easy rate or rebuilds Zostera marina sea grass bed in the environments such as subsea of the intertidal zone of suitable Zostera marina growth and subtidal zone by straightforward procedure involved in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. easy Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery method is characterized in that: with cord the root of Zostera marina plant is tied up on stone, carried out the Zostera marina cultivation then in the sea area, the planting density of Zostera marina is every square metre of 300-500.
2. according to the described Zostera marina sea grass of claim 1 bed ecological recovery method, it is characterized in that: its manufacturing materials of used cord derives from degradable vegetable material, can degrade the thick 1-2.5 millimeter of cord gradually through 3-5 month time in seawater.
3. according to the described Zostera marina sea grass of claim 1 bed ecological recovery method, it is characterized in that: stone is with the stone of ellipsoid shape to strip, and its weight restrains with 50-150.
4. according to the described Zostera marina sea grass of claim 1 bed ecological recovery method, it is characterized in that: after the Zostera marina plant is gathered, cut the bizet of Zostera marina, the height that makes Zostera marina is below 25 centimetres.
5. according to claim 1,3 or 4 described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery methods, it is characterized in that: tie up on the stone with cord along the direction of stone major axis root, tie up 1-3 Zostera marina plant on every block of stone Zostera marina.
6. according to claim 1 or 5 described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery methods, it is characterized in that: be fit to the marine site of Zostera marina growth in the intertidal zone, be chosen in the time of low water, when sky is revealed in the seabed, carry out the Zostera marina sea grass and recover; Cultivation method is: dig pit in the seabed, the stone that will be tied with Zostera marina then tilts to be embedded in the hole, and Zostera marina stem and plane, seabed are the angle of 30-60 degree, and landwards a square neck is oblique to make Zostera marina, and the root of Zostera marina is positioned at the side of stone; Shale environment a little less than hydrodynamic force, the root of Zostera marina are embedded in subsurface 1-3 centimetre; And at the stronger sandy environment of hydrodynamic force, the root of Zostera marina is embedded in subsurface 3-6 centimetre.
7. according to claim 1 or 5 described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery methods, it is characterized in that: than the profundal zone, then the stone that will be tied with Zostera marina by the diver is embedded in the seabed at subtidal zone.
8. according to the described Zostera marina sea grass of claim 1 bed ecological recovery method, it is characterized in that: the method for carrying out the recovery of Zostera marina sea grass bed than deepwater field at subtidal zone is, the direct throwing of the stone that is tied with Zostera marina got final product in the seabed, and do not need the diver to carry out underwater operation.
9. according to claim 1 or 8 described Zostera marina sea grass bed ecological recovery methods, it is characterized in that: for sandy environments such as subsea, the stone that is tied with Zostera marina is thrown behind the seabed, on these stones, sprinkled one deck silt.
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Cited By (14)
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| CN102550243A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-11 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Technical method for cultivating submerged plant in heavily polluted riverway |
| CN102550387A (en) * | 2012-01-01 | 2012-07-11 | 山东东方海洋科技股份有限公司 | Method for transplanting and fixing seaweeds |
| CN103918544A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-16 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Subtidal zone eel grass sowing and planting method |
| CN104351034A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-18 | 广东海洋大学 | Artificial culture method of halophila oralis seedlings for marine ecological restoration |
| CN104521730A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-22 | 河北省海洋与水产科学研究院 | Sea grass bottom laying planting method |
| CN104521732A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Ecological restoration method of gracilaria algae |
| CN105191780A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2015-12-30 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Natural ripening accelerating and sowing method and device for subtidal eelgrass reproductive plant |
| CN105532423A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-05-04 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Method for quick transplantation of seaweed in intertidal zone |
| CN105557498A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-11 | 山东大学（威海） | Ecological restoration method for zostera marina sea grass bed |
| CN106613891A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-10 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | Simple ecological restoration method for halophila ovalis sea grass bed pond |
| CN107318637A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-11-07 | 江苏长龙国际贸易有限公司 | A kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed |
| CN109430042A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-08 | 烟台市水产研究所 | A kind of method of quick construction Zostera marina sea grass bed |
| CN110679465A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-01-14 | 山东大学 | Transplanting method of red fiber shrimp seaweeds |
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| CN102550243A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-11 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Technical method for cultivating submerged plant in heavily polluted riverway |
| CN102550387A (en) * | 2012-01-01 | 2012-07-11 | 山东东方海洋科技股份有限公司 | Method for transplanting and fixing seaweeds |
| CN103918544B (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2016-01-13 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of subtidal zone Zostera marina sowing implantation methods |
| CN103918544A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-16 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Subtidal zone eel grass sowing and planting method |
| CN104351034A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-18 | 广东海洋大学 | Artificial culture method of halophila oralis seedlings for marine ecological restoration |
| CN104351034B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-08-24 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of happiness salt grass fingerlings artificial cultural method repaired for marine ecology |
| CN104521730A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-22 | 河北省海洋与水产科学研究院 | Sea grass bottom laying planting method |
| CN104521732A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Ecological restoration method of gracilaria algae |
| CN105191780B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2018-06-19 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of subtidal zone eelgrass reproduction strain nature accelerating and type of seeding and device |
| CN105191780A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2015-12-30 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Natural ripening accelerating and sowing method and device for subtidal eelgrass reproductive plant |
| CN105557498A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-11 | 山东大学（威海） | Ecological restoration method for zostera marina sea grass bed |
| CN105532423A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-05-04 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Method for quick transplantation of seaweed in intertidal zone |
| CN105532423B (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-06-22 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of method in intertidal zone Rapid transplant sea grass |
| CN106613891A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-10 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | Simple ecological restoration method for halophila ovalis sea grass bed pond |
| CN106613891B (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2020-03-27 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | Simple and convenient halophila haliotidis bed pond ecological restoration method |
| CN107318637A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-11-07 | 江苏长龙国际贸易有限公司 | A kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed |
| CN109430042A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-08 | 烟台市水产研究所 | A kind of method of quick construction Zostera marina sea grass bed |
| CN110679465A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-01-14 | 山东大学 | Transplanting method of red fiber shrimp seaweeds |
| CN110679465B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2021-05-04 | 山东大学 | Transplanting method of red fiber shrimp seaweeds |
| CN113080051A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-09 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Method for promoting recovery of shallow sea seaweed bed |
| CN113080051B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2023-10-20 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Method for promoting recovery of shallow sea seaweed bed |
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