CN107306740B - Method for breeding false magpie kidney tree seedlings - Google Patents
Method for breeding false magpie kidney tree seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN107306740B CN107306740B CN201710641621.1A CN201710641621A CN107306740B CN 107306740 B CN107306740 B CN 107306740B CN 201710641621 A CN201710641621 A CN 201710641621A CN 107306740 B CN107306740 B CN 107306740B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding seedlings of false magpie kidney trees. The false streblus indica seedling propagation method comprises the steps of seed collection, seed pretreatment, sowing, cultivation management and outplanting and field planting, and specifically comprises the following steps: collecting mature seeds of false magpie kidney trees, removing mildewed, damaged and insect-damaged seeds, then carrying out germination accelerating treatment, preparing a culture tank 8-12 days before sowing, filling river sand with the granularity of 1-5 mm in the culture tank to obtain a sand bed, spraying a carbendazim solution on the sand bed, sealing the sand bed by using a plastic film to sterilize and disinfect soil, lifting the film after 7-10 days, and sowing, namely moving the pretreated seeds of false magpie kidney trees to the sand bed for cultivation; after culturing for 20-30 days, transplanting the seedlings into a nutrition bag, culturing and hardening the seedlings for 2-3 months, and then outplanting and planting. The invention adopts a special germination accelerating method and combines a specific seedling hardening method to obtain the nursery, the germination rate and the final nursery rate reach more than 98 percent, the requirements of large-scale propagation and artificial cultivation of the false magpie kidney tree are met, and the economic benefit is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to a false streblus sinensis seedling breeding method.
Background
The false Queen plebeia (Streblus indica Burr.) is a perennial arbor of the genus Streptotuum in the family Moraceae, and is mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guangxi and Hainan, and mostly grows in midges, valley yin, waterside and rock in middle-altitude areas. The medicinal part is bark, has the efficacy of treating traumatic hemorrhage, traumatic injury and digestive tract hemorrhage, and is called as hemostatic bark due to the remarkable efficacy. However, due to the phenomena of damage to the growth environment, unreasonable harvesting and the like, wild resources are continuously reduced, and the current situation of exhaustion is generated. However, no relevant report is found about the seedling propagation and artificial cultivation research of the false streblus. Therefore, the development of artificial propagation of the false streblus indica seedlings has important significance in the aspects of species protection, artificial cultivation, reasonable development and utilization and the like; meanwhile, the method provides guarantee for the sustainable development of related products (medicines). The false streblus gigantea is a tall tree, the fruit period is 5-12 months, the seeds can be naturally popped out and scattered on the ground when being mature, the maturation time of the seeds is inconsistent, the uniformity of seedling emergence is poor in production, and the method has a certain restriction effect on post-scale propagation and artificial cultivation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method capable of solving the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a breeding method of pseudostreblus giganteus seedlings.
The invention aims to realize the purpose, the false streblus gigantea seedling propagation method comprises the steps of seed collection, seed pretreatment, sowing, cultivation management and outplanting and field planting, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. seed collection: collecting mature seeds of false Queshia streptacantha, and removing mildewed, damaged and insect-damaged seeds;
B. seed pretreatment: carrying out germination accelerating treatment on the collected seeds, namely uniformly mixing mature seeds of the false Queen Queensis with river sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 3-5, and then culturing for 8-30 days at the temperature of 15-40 ℃ and the humidity of 60-80%; or the collected seeds are preserved at low temperature until the next year and then are cultured;
C. sowing: 8-12 days before sowing, manufacturing a culture tank, filling the culture tank with river sand with the granularity of 1-5 mm to obtain a sand bed, spraying the sand bed with a carbendazim solution, sealing the sand bed with a plastic film to sterilize and disinfect soil, lifting the film after 7-10 days, and sowing, namely, transferring the pretreated false Queen pseudoplebeia seeds onto the sand bed for culture;
D. cultivation management: transplanting the pretreated false Queen plebeiae seeds to a sand bed, culturing for 4-6 days under the condition of humidity of 65-75%, then sequentially exposing the false Queen plebeiae buds to the bed surface, culturing for 20-30 days, and then transplanting to a nutrition bag for culturing and hardening seedlings;
E. and (3) outplanting and field planting: and (5) cultivating and hardening the seedlings for 2-3 months, and then outplanting and planting.
The invention adopts a special germination accelerating method and combines a specific seedling hardening mode to outplant, thereby ensuring that the germination rate and the final outplanting rate of the seedlings reach more than 98 percent, ensuring the requirements of large-scale propagation and artificial cultivation of the false magpie kidney tree and greatly improving the economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of seed germination;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of sand bed seedling raising;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of cultivation and hardening seedlings in a nutrition bag;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of field planting.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a pseudoplena Quercifolia seedling propagation method, which comprises the steps of seed collection, seed pretreatment, sowing, cultivation management and outplanting and field planting, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. seed collection: collecting mature seeds of false Queshia streptacantha, and removing mildewed, damaged and insect-damaged seeds;
B. seed pretreatment: carrying out germination accelerating treatment on the collected seeds, namely uniformly mixing mature seeds of the false Queen Queensis with river sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 3-5, and then culturing for 8-30 days at the temperature of 15-40 ℃ and the humidity of 60-80%; or the collected seeds are preserved at low temperature until the next year and then are cultured;
C. sowing: 8-12 days before sowing, manufacturing a culture tank, filling the culture tank with river sand with the granularity of 1-5 mm to obtain a sand bed, spraying the sand bed with a carbendazim solution, sealing the sand bed with a plastic film to sterilize and disinfect soil, lifting the film after 7-10 days, and sowing, namely, transferring the pretreated false Queen pseudoplebeia seeds onto the sand bed for culture;
D. cultivation management: transplanting the pretreated false Queen plebeiae seeds to a sand bed, culturing for 4-6 days under the condition of humidity of 65-75%, then sequentially exposing the false Queen plebeiae buds to the bed surface, culturing for 20-30 days, and then transplanting to a nutrition bag for culturing and hardening seedlings;
E. and (3) outplanting and field planting: and (5) cultivating and hardening the seedlings for 2-3 months, and then outplanting and planting.
And the low-temperature preservation in the step B is preservation at the temperature of 4-10 ℃.
And B, performing germination accelerating treatment, namely uniformly mixing mature seeds of the false Queen Queensis and river sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 3-5, putting the mixture into a breathable container, watering the container to keep the humidity at 70-90%, and then moving the breathable container to a culture room at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for illumination culture and dark culture.
The breathable container is a bamboo basket or a cloth bag.
The illumination culture is natural illumination or controllable lamplight of 5-25 mu mol-2•s-1Culturing for 8-30 days under the environment of 15-40 ℃ and 60-80% humidity.
The dark culture is carried out by wrapping double-layer black thick cotton cloth for dark culture, and the dark culture is carried out for 8-30 days at the temperature of 15-40 ℃ and the humidity of 60-80%. And C, constructing the culture tank with the length, the width and the depth of 20-30 cm determined according to the actual terrain by using bricks in a surrounding manner.
And C, the concentration of the carbendazim solution in the step C is 200-1000 ppm.
And D, the culture medium in the nutrition bag consists of mountain land soil and organic fertilizer.
10. The method for breeding seedlings of false streblus indica according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mountain land soil to the organic fertilizer is 10: 1.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
example 1
At the end of 9 months in 2016, fresh seeds of Russian Bulbilus B.Don collected from the field are subjected to indoor dark germination acceleration at 28-30 ℃ for one week, sowed on a sterilized and disinfected sand bed, covered with river sand to a thickness of about 2 cm, and kept wet (about 65%) during the culture period. After three weeks of culture, the height of the seedlings reaches about 10 cm, and at the moment, the main roots grow well and 4-8 lateral roots exist. Transplanting the seedlings with 2-4 true leaves into a matrix filled with mountain land and organic fertilizer (10: 1, volume ratio), cutting off 3/4 leaves, neatly arranging the seedlings in a nursery (60% natural light), and watering for rooting. Watering at appropriate time to keep the matrix wet. The seedlings can be transplanted after hardening in a nursery for 2 to 3 months, and the transplanting rate reaches more than 98 percent.
Example 2
In 10-month middle ten of 2016, the collected mature seeds and river sand are filled into a bamboo basket according to the volume ratio (1: 4), the bamboo basket is watered thoroughly and placed in a room at 25 ℃ for germination acceleration treatment for one week, and the humidity is kept at about 60% during the germination acceleration period. After the germination is finished, the seeds are dibbled on a sand bed treated by 600ppm carbendazim and covered with river sand with the thickness of about 2 cm. The sand bed was kept moist (around 65%) during the cultivation. After three weeks of culture, the height of the seedling reaches about 10 cm, and at the moment, the main root grows well and 3-6 lateral roots exist. Transplanting the seedlings with 2-4 true leaves into a matrix filled with mountain land and organic fertilizer (10: 1, volume ratio), cutting off 3/4 leaves, neatly arranging the seedlings in a nursery (60% natural light), and watering for rooting. Watering at appropriate time to keep the matrix wet. The seedlings can be transplanted after hardening in a nursery for 2 to 3 months, and the transplanting rate reaches more than 98 percent.
Example 3
In 10 middle ten days of 2016, packaging the collected mature seeds with a breathable cotton bag, and storing at 4 ℃ in the dark; at the end of 3 months in 2017, taking out the false streblus seeds stored at low temperature and soaking the seeds in water to ensure that the seeds fully absorb water; then, the seeds are packed in a breathable cotton bag and put in a dark condition at 25 ℃ for germination acceleration, the seeds are sown on a sterilized and disinfected sand bed after 10 days, the seeds are covered by river sand with the thickness of about 2 cm, and the sand bed is kept wet (about 65%) during the culture period. After three weeks of culture, the height of the seedling reaches about 10 cm, at the moment, the main root grows well, 4-8 lateral roots exist, and the emergence rate of the seeds reaches more than 90%. Transplanting the seedlings with 2-4 true leaves into a matrix filled with mountain land and organic fertilizer (10: 1, volume ratio), cutting off 3/4 leaves, neatly arranging the seedlings in a nursery (60% natural light), and watering for rooting. Watering at appropriate time to keep the matrix wet. The seedlings can be transplanted after hardening in a nursery for 2 months, and the transplanting rate reaches more than 98 percent.
Example 4
In 10 middle ten days of 2016, packaging the collected mature seeds with a breathable cotton bag, and storing at 4 ℃ in the dark; at the end of 3 months in 2017, taking out the seeds of the false streblus gigas stored at a low temperature, soaking the seeds in water to ensure that the seeds fully absorb water and are mixed with river sand with the volume 3-4 times that of the seeds, putting the mixture into a bamboo basket, carrying out germination accelerating treatment under the condition of natural illumination at the temperature of 28 ℃, sowing the mixture on a sterilized and disinfected sand bed 10 days later, covering the seeds with the river sand to obtain the thickness of about 2 cm, and keeping the sand bed moist (about 65%) during the culture period. After three weeks of culture, the height of the seedling reaches about 10 cm, at the moment, the main root grows well, 4-8 lateral roots exist, and the emergence rate of the seeds reaches more than 95%. Transplanting the seedlings with 2-4 true leaves into a matrix filled with mountain land and organic fertilizer (10: 1, volume ratio), cutting off 3/4 leaves, neatly arranging the seedlings in a nursery (60% natural light), and watering for rooting. Watering at appropriate time to keep the matrix wet. The seedlings can be transplanted after hardening in a nursery for 2 months, and the transplanting rate reaches more than 98 percent.
Example 5
In 10 middle ten days of 2016, packaging the collected mature seeds with a breathable cotton bag, and storing at 4 ℃ in the dark; at the end of 3 months in 2017, taking out the seeds of the false streblus gigas stored at low temperature, soaking in water to make the seeds fully absorb water, mixing with river sand with the volume 3-4 times of the seeds, placing in a bamboo basket, placing at 28-30 deg.C and under illumination at 25 μmol-2•s-1The germination is carried out under the condition, the seeds are sowed on a sterilized and disinfected sand bed 10 days later, the seeds are covered by river sand, the thickness is about 2 cm, and the sand bed is kept moist (about 65%) during the culture period. After three weeks of culture, the height of the seedling reaches about 10 cm, at the moment, the main root grows well, 4-8 lateral roots exist, and the emergence rate of the seeds reaches more than 95%. Transplanting seedling with 2-4 true leaves to the container with mountainIn a matrix of soil and organic fertilizer (10: 1, volume ratio), 3/4 leaves are cut off, the matrix is arranged in a nursery garden (60% natural light) in order, and sufficient root fixing water is poured. Watering at appropriate time to keep the matrix wet. Hardening seedlings in a nursery till 7 middle ten days, then planting the seedlings to a demonstration base, wherein the outplanting rate reaches more than 98%.
Claims (6)
1. The method for breeding the seedlings of the false magpie kidney tree is characterized by comprising the steps of seed collection, seed pretreatment, sowing, cultivation management and outplanting and field planting, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. seed collection: collecting mature seeds of false Queshia streptacantha, and removing mildewed, damaged and insect-damaged seeds;
B. seed pretreatment: uniformly mixing mature seeds of the false Queen Queensis with river sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 3-5, putting the mixture into a breathable container, watering the container to keep the humidity at 60-80%, and then transferring the breathable container into a culture room at the temperature of 15-40 ℃ for illumination culture or dark culture for 8-30 days, wherein the illumination culture is performed by using controllable lamplight at 5-25 mu mol.m-2•s-1Culturing;
C. sowing: 8-12 days before sowing, manufacturing a culture tank, filling the culture tank with river sand with the granularity of 1-5 mm to obtain a sand bed, spraying the sand bed with a carbendazim solution, sealing the sand bed with a plastic film to sterilize and disinfect soil, lifting the film after 7-10 days, and sowing, namely, transferring the pretreated false Queen pseudoplebeia seeds onto the sand bed for culture;
D. cultivation management: transplanting the pretreated false Queen plebeiae seeds to a sand bed, culturing for 4-6 days under the condition of humidity of 65-75%, then sequentially exposing the false Queen plebeiae buds to the bed surface, culturing for 20-30 days, and then transplanting to a nutrition bag for culturing and hardening seedlings; the culture medium in the nutrition bag consists of mountain land and organic fertilizer;
E. and (3) outplanting and field planting: and (5) cultivating and hardening the seedlings for 2-3 months, and then outplanting and planting.
2. The method for propagating the seedlings of magpie kidney tree according to claim 1, wherein the air-permeable container is bamboo basket or cloth bag.
3. The method for breeding the seedlings of the false streblus indica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dark culture is carried out by wrapping the seedlings with double layers of black thick cotton cloth, and the dark culture is carried out for 8-30 days at 15-40 ℃ and 60-80% humidity.
4. The method for propagating the seedlings of the pseudoplena stringbush as claimed in claim 1, wherein the culture tank in the step C is a culture tank which is formed by bricks with a length, a width and a depth of 20-30 cm and is determined according to actual topography.
5. The method for propagating false maguekidney tree seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the carbendazim solution in the step C is 200-1000 ppm.
6. The method for breeding seedlings of false streblus indica according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mountain land soil to the organic fertilizer is 10: 1.
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