CN107278867B - Breeding method of sweet potato seedlings - Google Patents
Breeding method of sweet potato seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN107278867B CN107278867B CN201710649394.7A CN201710649394A CN107278867B CN 107278867 B CN107278867 B CN 107278867B CN 201710649394 A CN201710649394 A CN 201710649394A CN 107278867 B CN107278867 B CN 107278867B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/02—Treatment of plants with carbon dioxide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sweet potato seedling planting, in particular to a breeding method of sweet potato seedlings, which carries out breeding of sweet potato seedlings by matching an incubator, the incubator can automatically adjust the carbon dioxide yield of a carbon dioxide generator according to the carbon dioxide concentration in a culture area, ensure that the culture area has enough carbon dioxide concentration, and provide optimum temperature, humidity, illumination intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, oxygen concentration and other related indexes for the culture area of the incubator by matching a singlechip with sensing equipment such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a photosensitive sensor, an oxygen detector and the like, thereby achieving automatic control and furthest meeting the germination rate of sweet potato seedlings; in the culture area, the inventor is also provided with a plurality of culture ports, one seed is planted in one culture port, the planting mode of imitating hill-drop planting is adopted, mutual interference of seedlings can not be caused in the growing and transplanting processes, and the sprouting of all sweet potato real seeds is ensured to the greatest extent.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The invention relates to the technical field of sweet potato seedling planting, in particular to a breeding method of sweet potato seedlings.
[ background Art ]
Sweet potato (academic name: ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.) is also known as sweet potato, which is the third largest food crop in guangxi, and cultivated in an area of about 23.33 ten thousand hectares per year, and is not only excellent food and feed, but also a renewable energy crop with good development prospects. At present, in the aspect of sweet potato breeding and seedling cultivation, the conventional method is carried out outdoors, namely, a planting land is utilized, or a nutrition cup is utilized to broadcast the seedling of sweet potato therein, the seedling is obtained after germination, then transplanting is carried out, in the process, because all outdoor culture conditions are not uniform, the broadcasted seedling is caused, because the maturity is different, some of the seedlings come out first, some of the seedlings come out later, the rooted seedlings of the first come out have leaves to absorb nutrition and grow fast, the seedlings cover and then sprout later, after being shaded, the post-sprouting growth is weak, and finally the seedlings possibly die, and some of the seedlings do not come out, and basically cannot grow outdoors, and through statistics, if 1000 seedlings are broadcast each year, only 150-200 seedlings can be obtained at most; therefore, it is necessary to provide a seedling culture method which can provide the best growth environment for all seedlings and ensure the germination rate of the seedlings to the maximum extent.
[ invention ]
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a breeding method of sweet potato seedlings, which can provide optimal growth environment for sweet potato seedling seeds, automatically adjust the sweet potato seedling, and maximally ensure the germination rate of the seedlings.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method of breeding a sweet potato seedling by breeding through a sweet potato incubator comprising:
the incubator body is cuboid and is also provided with a door plate which can be opened and closed;
the carbon dioxide gas generator is positioned at the upper part of the incubator body, and the size and the shape of the carbon dioxide gas generator correspond to those of the inside of the incubator body; the device comprises a gas distribution area for distributing gas and a carbon dioxide reaction box for generating carbon dioxide gas; the gas distribution area comprises an upper gas distribution plate and a lower gas distribution plate, and gas distribution holes are uniformly formed in the upper gas distribution plate and the lower gas distribution plate; the upper gas distribution plate is also provided with an opening which can accommodate the carbon dioxide reaction box to pass through; the carbon dioxide reaction box is fixed on the upper gas distribution plate through an opening; the carbon dioxide reaction box comprises a cover plate for covering the whole carbon dioxide reaction box, a solid storage area for storing solid reactants, a scraper for scraping the solid reactants, a weighing plate for weighing the solid reactants and a reaction area for generating carbon dioxide by reaction; the size and the shape of the cover plate correspond to those of the carbon dioxide reaction box, and a plurality of carbon dioxide air outlets are formed in the cover plate; the solid storage area consists of a bottom plate, side plates and the inner wall of the carbon dioxide reaction box, and occupies 1/4-1/2 of the volume of the carbon dioxide reaction box, and the bottom plate is positioned above the bottom of the carbon dioxide reaction box; the upper end face of the side plate is flush with the upper end face of the carbon dioxide reaction box, the lower end face of the side plate is connected with the bottom plate, the front end face and the rear end face of the side plate are respectively connected with the inner wall of the carbon dioxide reaction box correspondingly, the side plate is vertical to the bottom plate, and a discharge hole is further formed in any side plate; the scraper is fixed on the inner wall of the carbon dioxide reaction box and parallel to the side plate of the storage area, and can move away from or close to the direction of a discharge hole arranged on the side plate through a slideway; the weighing plate is positioned behind the discharging direction of the discharging hole of the side plate, an electronic weighing device is further arranged at the bottom of the weighing plate, and the weighing plate can be turned downwards; the reaction zone is positioned below the weighing plate;
the culture area is positioned at the lower part of the carbon dioxide gas generator, the bottom of the culture area is provided with a substrate storage box for storing culture solution, the substrate storage box is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of culture ports are uniformly formed in the upper surface of the substrate storage box; the lower part of the side surface is provided with an oxygen ventilation port;
a spraying device which is positioned at the upper part of the culture area and above the substrate storage box;
a refrigerator located at the upper part of the culture area, above the substrate storage tank;
the LED lamp group is positioned on the side wall of the culture area, above the substrate storage box and consists of a plurality of LED lamp tubes;
the sensing device comprises an oxygen detector, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide detector and a photosensitive sensor, wherein the oxygen detector is arranged below a carbon dioxide gas generator at the upper part of the culture area and used for measuring the oxygen concentration, the temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the culture area, the humidity sensor is used for measuring the humidity of the culture area, the carbon dioxide detector is arranged above a substrate storage box at the lower part of the culture area and used for measuring the carbon dioxide concentration, and the photosensitive sensor is used for measuring the illumination intensity;
the control module consists of a singlechip controller and a control circuit; the singlechip controller is connected with the control circuit;
the method for breeding the sweet potato seedlings by using the sweet potato incubator comprises the following steps:
(1) Presetting a critical value of carbon dioxide concentration, a critical value of temperature, a critical value of humidity, a critical value of oxygen concentration and illumination intensity parameters in a singlechip according to growth conditions of sweet potato seeds; sowing the solid seeds of the sweet potatoes into a culture port of the matrix storage box, and sowing 1 seed at one culture port;
(2) Starting the incubator, and calculating the required amount of the solid reactant by the singlechip controller according to the difference between the measured value and the critical value when the carbon dioxide concentration in the culture area does not exceed the critical value; then the singlechip controls the scraper to move towards the direction of the discharge hole through the control circuit, solid reactants are added to the weighing plate, the weighing plate is turned downwards when the solid reactants reach a calculated value, the solid reactants drop into a carbon dioxide reaction zone for reaction to generate carbon dioxide gas, the carbon dioxide gas flows out of the carbon dioxide reaction box through a carbon dioxide gas outlet, and then downward gas distribution is performed through a gas distribution zone;
(3) When the oxygen concentration in the culture area exceeds a critical value, the singlechip controller opens the oxygen ventilation port through the control circuit to exhaust oxygen, and when the oxygen concentration in the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller closes the oxygen ventilation port through the control circuit;
(4) When the humidity of the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller turns on the spraying device through the control circuit to spray and increase the humidity to the culture area; when the humidity of the culture area exceeds a critical value, the singlechip controller turns off the spraying device through the control circuit; when the temperature of the culture area exceeds a critical value, the singlechip controller turns on the refrigerator through the control circuit so as to reduce the temperature of the culture area; when the temperature of the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller turns off the refrigerator through the control circuit;
(5) When the illumination intensity of the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller turns on the LED lamp tube through the control circuit, and when the illumination intensity of the culture area is higher than the critical value, the singlechip controller turns off the LED lamp tube through the control circuit.
Further, the solid reactant stored in the solid storage area of the carbon dioxide reaction box is sodium bicarbonate; the reaction zone of carbon dioxide contains a liquid reactant, which is acetic acid.
Further, the culture solution in the culture area is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of sterile water, 1-3 parts of indoleacetic acid, 1-3 parts of naphthylacetic acid and 5-10 parts of aloe extract.
Further, the critical value of the carbon dioxide concentration is 21%, the critical value of the temperature is 25 ℃, the critical value of the humidity is 12%, the critical value of the oxygen concentration is 12%, and the critical value of the illumination intensity is 700Lx.
Furthermore, the inside of the culture area is also provided with a reflecting plate.
Further, the LED lamp group consists of a red LED lamp, a blue LED lamp and a white LED lamp.
Further, the culture dish is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet flows in fresh culture liquid through a liquid inlet pipe; the liquid outlet is used for discharging the waste culture solution through a liquid outlet pipe.
Further, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are both provided with valves.
Further, the scraper is also connected with a motor.
Furthermore, the door plate is also provided with a viewing mirror.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the incubator, the carbon dioxide yield of the carbon dioxide generator can be automatically adjusted according to the carbon dioxide concentration in the culture area, so that the culture area is ensured to have enough carbon dioxide concentration, and the application also provides optimum temperature, humidity, illumination intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, oxygen concentration and other related indexes for the culture area of the incubator through the single chip microcomputer matched with sensing equipment such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a photosensitive sensor, an oxygen detector and the like, so that automatic control is achieved, and the germination rate of sweet potato real seeds is met to the maximum extent; the sweet potato seedlings can be ensured to grow in any interval of the incubator to meet the growth conditions, and the same batch of seedlings can be developed, so that the situation of robbing nutrient substances due to different growth periods is avoided; meanwhile, in the culture area, the inventor is provided with a plurality of culture ports, one seed is planted in one culture port, a planting mode of imitating hill-drop is adopted, a batch of seedlings are transplanted in a maturing mode, mutual interference of seedlings cannot be caused in the growth and transplanting processes, nutrient solution is replaced and added regularly, the situation that nutrients are robbed due to different growth periods is avoided, and sprouting of all sweet potato real seeds is guaranteed to the greatest extent; the culture solution is also prepared according to germination and growth conditions of the solid seeds, and sterile water, indoleacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid and aloe extract are adopted for compounding, so that the functions of promoting rooting and germination, sterilizing the seeds and inhibiting growth of harmful bacteria are achieved.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a carbon dioxide reaction cassette according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. an LED lamp group; 2. a carbon dioxide gas generator; 3. an incubator body; 4. an oxygen transfer port; 5. a culturing port; 6. a substrate storage tank; 7. a door panel; 8. a viewing mirror; 9. a refrigerator; 10. a spraying device; 21. a gas distribution area; a gear; 211. a gas distribution plate is arranged; 212. a lower gas distribution plate; 213. air holes are distributed; 214. an opening; 22. a carbon dioxide reaction cassette; 221. a cover plate; 222. a solids storage area; 223. a scraper; 224. a weighing plate; 225. a reaction zone; 226. a carbon dioxide outlet; 227. a side plate; 228. a discharge port; 229. and a slideway.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Examples:
in the breeding method of the sweet potato seedlings of the embodiment, breeding is performed through a sweet potato incubator, as shown in fig. 1, the sweet potato incubator comprises:
the incubator body 3 is a cuboid and is also provided with a door plate 7 which can be opened and closed;
a carbon dioxide gas generator 2 which is positioned at the upper part of the incubator body 3 and has a size and shape corresponding to those of the inside of the incubator body 3; comprising a gas distribution area 21 for distributing gas and a carbon dioxide reaction box 22 for generating carbon dioxide gas; the gas distribution area 21 comprises an upper gas distribution plate 211 and a lower gas distribution plate 212, and gas distribution holes 213 are uniformly formed in the upper gas distribution plate 211 and the lower gas distribution plate 212; the upper gas distribution plate 211 is also provided with an opening 214 for accommodating the carbon dioxide reaction box 22 to pass through; the carbon dioxide reaction box 22 is fixed on the upper gas distribution plate 211 through an opening 214; the carbon dioxide reaction cassette 22 includes a cover plate 221 for covering the entire carbon dioxide reaction cassette 22, a solid storage area 222 for storing solid reactants, a scraper 223 for scraping the solid reactants, a weighing plate 224 for weighing the solid reactants, and a reaction area 225 for reacting to generate carbon dioxide; the size and shape of the cover plate 221 correspond to those of the carbon dioxide reaction box 22, and a plurality of carbon dioxide air outlets 226 are formed in the cover plate 221; the solid storage area 222 is composed of a bottom plate and a side plate 227 and the inner wall of the carbon dioxide reaction box 22, and occupies 1/3 of the volume of the carbon dioxide reaction box 22 (this embodiment only provides a best mode, which is unfavorable for storing solid reactants when the solid storage area 222 occupies less than 1/4 of the volume of the carbon dioxide reaction box 22 and unfavorable for discharging carbon dioxide gas when the solid storage area 222 occupies more than 1/2 of the volume of the carbon dioxide reaction box 22), and the bottom plate is located above the bottom of the carbon dioxide reaction box 22; the upper end face of the side plate 227 is flush with the upper end face of the carbon dioxide reaction box 22, the lower end face is connected with the bottom plate, the front end face and the rear end face are respectively and correspondingly connected with the inner wall of the carbon dioxide reaction box 22, the side plate 227 is vertical to the bottom plate, and a discharge hole 228 is further formed in any side plate 227; the scraper 223 is fixed on the inner wall of the carbon dioxide reaction box 22 and is parallel to the side plate 227 of the storage area, and the scraper 223 can also move away from or close to the direction of a discharge hole 228 arranged on the side plate 227 through a slideway 229; the weighing plate 224 is positioned behind the discharge direction of the discharge hole 228 of the side plate 227, an electronic weighing device is further arranged at the bottom of the weighing plate 224, and the weighing plate 224 can be turned downwards; the reaction zone 225 is located below the weighing plate 224;
the culture area is positioned at the lower part of the carbon dioxide gas generator 2, the bottom of the culture area is provided with a substrate storage box 6 for storing culture solution, the substrate storage box 6 is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of culture ports 5 are uniformly formed on the upper surface of the substrate storage box 6; the lower part of the side surface is provided with an oxygen ventilation port 4;
a spraying device 10 located at the upper part of the culture area, above the substrate storage tank 6;
a refrigerator 9 located at the upper part of the culture section above the substrate storage tank 6;
the LED lamp group 1 is positioned on the side wall of the culture area, above the substrate storage box 6 and consists of a plurality of LED lamp tubes;
the sensing device comprises an oxygen detector, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide detector and a photosensitive sensor, wherein the oxygen detector is arranged below the carbon dioxide gas generator 2 at the upper part of the culture area and used for measuring the oxygen concentration, the temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the culture area, the humidity sensor is used for measuring the humidity of the culture area, the carbon dioxide detector is arranged above the substrate storage box 6 at the lower part of the culture area and used for measuring the carbon dioxide concentration, and the photosensitive sensor is used for measuring the illumination intensity;
the control module consists of a singlechip controller and a control circuit; the singlechip controller is connected with the control circuit;
the method for breeding the sweet potato seedlings by using the sweet potato incubator comprises the following steps:
(1) Presetting a critical value of carbon dioxide concentration, a critical value of temperature, a critical value of humidity, a critical value of oxygen concentration and illumination intensity parameters in a singlechip according to growth conditions of sweet potato seeds; then sowing the solid seeds of the sweet potatoes into the culture openings 5 of the matrix storage box 6, and sowing 1 seed in one culture opening 5;
(2) Starting the incubator, and calculating the required amount of the solid reactant by the singlechip controller according to the difference between the measured value and the critical value when the carbon dioxide concentration in the culture area does not exceed the critical value; then the singlechip controls the scraper 223 to move towards the direction of the discharge hole 228 through the control circuit, solid reactants are added to the weighing plate 224, when the solid reactants reach a calculated value, the weighing plate 224 is turned down, the solid reactants drop into the reaction zone 225 of the carbon dioxide to react to generate carbon dioxide gas, the carbon dioxide gas is flushed out of the carbon dioxide reaction box 22 through the carbon dioxide gas outlet 226, and then downward gas distribution is performed through the gas distribution zone 21; (because the pressure in the reaction box is increased when the carbon dioxide reaction is carried out, the reaction box can flow out of the channel through the air outlet to the outside air pressure to be reduced, and because the carbon dioxide gas is heavier than air and oxygen, the reaction box can move downwards through the air distribution holes to reach the culture area)
(3) When the oxygen concentration in the culture area exceeds a critical value, the singlechip controller opens the oxygen ventilation port 4 through the control circuit to discharge oxygen, and when the oxygen concentration in the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller closes the oxygen ventilation port 4 through the control circuit;
(4) When the humidity of the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller turns on the spraying device 10 through the control circuit to spray and increase the humidity to the culture area; when the humidity of the culture area exceeds a critical value, the singlechip controller turns off the spraying device 10 through a control circuit; when the temperature of the culture area exceeds a critical value, the singlechip controller turns on the refrigerator 9 through the control circuit so as to reduce the temperature of the culture area; when the temperature of the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller turns off the refrigerator 9 through the control circuit;
(5) When the illumination intensity of the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller turns on the LED lamp tube through the control circuit, and when the illumination intensity of the culture area is higher than the critical value, the singlechip controller turns off the LED lamp tube through the control circuit.
(in the breeding process, seedlings are ripe and transplanted in a batch, the seedlings are not interfered with each other, and nutrient solution is replaced and added periodically, so that the situation of robbing nutrient substances due to different growth periods is avoided, and the sprouting of all sweet potato seedling seeds is ensured to the greatest extent).
For effective reaction to form carbon dioxide, the solid reactant stored in the solid storage area 222 of the carbon dioxide reaction cassette 22 is sodium bicarbonate; the reaction zone 225 of carbon dioxide contains a liquid reactant, which is acetic acid.
In order to effectively match the germination conditions of the sweet potato seedlings, the sweet potato seedlings can effectively sprout, the critical value of the carbon dioxide concentration in the reactor is 21%, the critical value of the temperature is 25 ℃, the critical value of the humidity is 12%, the critical value of the oxygen concentration is 12%, and the critical value of the illumination intensity is 700Lx. (in the germination and growth process of the sweet potato seedlings, the carbon dioxide concentration cannot be higher than 21%, the oxygen concentration cannot be higher than 12%, the temperature cannot be higher than 25 ℃, the humidity cannot be higher than 12%, the illumination intensity cannot be higher than 700Lx, otherwise, the growth of the sweet potato seedlings is inhibited).
In order to effectively utilize the illumination to reflect light, a reflector is further arranged in the culture area.
In order to meet the requirements of sweet potato growth on different illumination, the LED lamp group 1 of the embodiment is composed of a red LED lamp, a blue LED lamp and a white LED lamp 1.
In order to enable the culture solution to rapidly enter and exit the culture plate to be matched for culture, the culture plate is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and fresh culture solution flows into the liquid inlet through a liquid inlet pipe; the liquid outlet is used for discharging the waste culture solution through a liquid outlet pipe.
In order to facilitate the rapid in-out of the culture medium, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are both provided with valves.
The blade 223 is also connected to a motor in order to allow flexible movement of the blade.
In order to facilitate observation of the growth condition of seedlings in the incubator, the door plate 7 is also provided with a viewing mirror 8.
In the above examples, in order to increase germination rate of sweet potato seeds, the culture solution in the culture zone was prepared from sterile water, indoleacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid and aloe extract;
the aloe extract is extracted by the following steps: peeling aloe, adding alcohol with the same mass part, grinding, and then placing into a microwave extractor for extraction for 30min with the extraction power of 500w; then the aloe extract is put into a freezer with the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for quick freezing for 8 hours, then the aloe extract is put into an oven for quick heating to 120 ℃ for extraction for 5 minutes, then the aloe extract is obtained after filtering, taking filtrate and carrying out rotary evaporation concentration until the water content of the extract is 5%, and the aloe polysaccharide content of the extract is 21.22% and the aloe glycoside content of the extract is 11.88%.
And (3) verifying and comparing the formula of the culture solution:
the inventors cultured sweet potato seedlings according to the culture solution formulas of test examples 1-3, control group 1 and control group 2, and compared the germination rates, and the specific results are shown in table 1:
test example 1:40 parts of sterile water, 1 part of indoleacetic acid, 1 part of naphthylacetic acid and 5 parts of aloe extract; use of the example apparatus;
test example 2:50 parts of sterile water, 3 parts of indoleacetic acid, 3 parts of naphthylacetic acid and 10 parts of aloe extract; use of the example apparatus;
test example 3:45 parts of sterile water, 2 parts of indoleacetic acid, 2 parts of naphthylacetic acid and 7 parts of aloe extract; use of the example apparatus;
control group 1:40 parts of sterile water, 1 part of indoleacetic acid and 1 part of naphthylacetic acid; use of the example apparatus;
control group 2:40 parts of sterile water; use of the example apparatus;
control group 3:40 parts of sterile water, 1 part of indoleacetic acid, 1 part of naphthylacetic acid and 5 parts of aloe extract, and seeding seedlings outdoors without using the device of the example
TABLE 1
| Test item | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Control group 1 | |
|
| |
100％ | 99％ | 100％ | 87％ | 66％ | 43％ |
As can be seen from the above table, in the formula of the culture solution, the aloe extract can effectively improve the germination rate of the sweet potato seedlings, and the sweet potato seedlings growing device of the embodiment can furthest improve the germination rate of the sweet potato seedlings by compounding the indoleacetic acid, the naphthylacetic acid and the aloe extract.
In conclusion, the germination rate of the sweet potato seedlings can be improved to the greatest extent by using the method for cultivating the sweet potato seedlings.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be assessed as that of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for breeding a sweet potato seedling, the method comprising breeding through a sweet potato incubator comprising: the incubator body is cuboid and is also provided with a door plate which can be opened and closed;
the carbon dioxide gas generator is positioned at the upper part of the incubator body, and the size and the shape of the carbon dioxide gas generator correspond to those of the inside of the incubator body; the device comprises a gas distribution area for distributing gas and a carbon dioxide reaction box for generating carbon dioxide gas; the gas distribution area comprises an upper gas distribution plate and a lower gas distribution plate, and gas distribution holes are uniformly formed in the upper gas distribution plate and the lower gas distribution plate; the upper gas distribution plate is also provided with an opening which can accommodate the carbon dioxide reaction box to pass through; the carbon dioxide reaction box is fixed on the upper gas distribution plate through an opening; the carbon dioxide reaction box comprises a cover plate for covering the whole carbon dioxide reaction box, a solid storage area for storing solid reactants, a scraper for scraping the solid reactants, a weighing plate for weighing the solid reactants and a reaction area for generating carbon dioxide by reaction; the size and the shape of the cover plate correspond to those of the carbon dioxide reaction box, and a plurality of carbon dioxide air outlets are formed in the cover plate; the solid storage area consists of a bottom plate, side plates and the inner wall of the carbon dioxide reaction box, and occupies 1/4-1/2 of the volume of the carbon dioxide reaction box, and the bottom plate is positioned above the bottom of the carbon dioxide reaction box; the upper end face of the side plate is flush with the upper end face of the carbon dioxide reaction box, the lower end face of the side plate is connected with the bottom plate, the front end face and the rear end face of the side plate are respectively connected with the inner wall of the carbon dioxide reaction box correspondingly, the side plate is vertical to the bottom plate, and a discharge hole is further formed in any side plate; the scraper is fixed on the inner wall of the carbon dioxide reaction box and parallel to the side plate of the storage area, and can move away from or close to the direction of a discharge hole arranged on the side plate through a slideway; the weighing plate is positioned behind the discharging direction of the discharging hole of the side plate, an electronic weighing device is further arranged at the bottom of the weighing plate, and the weighing plate can be turned downwards; the reaction zone is positioned below the weighing plate;
the culture area is positioned at the lower part of the carbon dioxide gas generator, the bottom of the culture area is provided with a substrate storage box for storing culture solution, the substrate storage box is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of culture ports are uniformly formed in the upper surface of the substrate storage box; the lower part of the side surface is provided with an oxygen ventilation port;
a spraying device which is positioned at the upper part of the culture area and above the substrate storage box;
a refrigerator located at the upper part of the culture area, above the substrate storage tank;
the LED lamp group is positioned on the side wall of the culture area, above the substrate storage box and consists of a plurality of LED lamp tubes;
the sensing device comprises an oxygen detector, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide detector and a photosensitive sensor, wherein the oxygen detector is arranged below a carbon dioxide gas generator at the upper part of the culture area and used for measuring the oxygen concentration, the temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the culture area, the humidity sensor is used for measuring the humidity of the culture area, the carbon dioxide detector is arranged above a substrate storage box at the lower part of the culture area and used for measuring the carbon dioxide concentration, and the photosensitive sensor is used for measuring the illumination intensity;
the control module consists of a singlechip controller and a control circuit; the singlechip controller is connected with the control circuit;
the method for breeding the sweet potato seedlings by using the sweet potato incubator comprises the following steps:
(1) Presetting a critical value of carbon dioxide concentration, a critical value of temperature, a critical value of humidity, a critical value of oxygen concentration and illumination intensity parameters in a singlechip according to growth conditions of sweet potato seeds; sowing the solid seeds of the sweet potatoes into a culture port of the matrix storage box, and sowing 1 seed at one culture port;
(2) Starting the incubator, and calculating the required amount of the solid reactant by the singlechip controller according to the difference between the measured value and the critical value when the carbon dioxide concentration in the culture area does not exceed the critical value; then the singlechip controls the scraper to move towards the direction of the discharge hole through the control circuit, solid reactants are added to the weighing plate, the weighing plate is turned downwards when the solid reactants reach a calculated value, the solid reactants drop into a carbon dioxide reaction zone for reaction to generate carbon dioxide gas, the carbon dioxide gas flows out of the carbon dioxide reaction box through a carbon dioxide gas outlet, and then downward gas distribution is performed through a gas distribution zone;
(3) When the oxygen concentration in the culture area exceeds a critical value, the singlechip controller opens the oxygen ventilation port through the control circuit to exhaust oxygen, and when the oxygen concentration in the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller closes the oxygen ventilation port through the control circuit;
(4) When the humidity of the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller turns on the spraying device through the control circuit to spray and increase the humidity to the culture area; when the humidity of the culture area exceeds a critical value, the singlechip controller turns off the spraying device through the control circuit; when the temperature of the culture area exceeds a critical value, the singlechip controller turns on the refrigerator through the control circuit so as to reduce the temperature of the culture area; when the temperature of the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller turns off the refrigerator through the control circuit;
(5) When the illumination intensity of the culture area does not reach the critical value, the singlechip controller turns on the LED lamp tube through the control circuit, and when the illumination intensity of the culture area is higher than the critical value, the singlechip controller turns off the LED lamp tube through the control circuit;
the culture solution in the culture area is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of sterile water, 1-3 parts of indoleacetic acid, 1-3 parts of naphthylacetic acid and 5-10 parts of aloe extract;
the critical value of the carbon dioxide concentration is 21%, the critical value of the temperature is 25 ℃, the critical value of the humidity is 12%, the critical value of the oxygen concentration is 12%, and the critical value of the illumination intensity is 700Lx.
2. The method for breeding sweet potato seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the solid reactant stored in the solid storage area of the carbon dioxide reaction box is sodium bicarbonate; the reaction zone of carbon dioxide contains a liquid reactant, which is acetic acid.
3. The method for breeding sweet potato seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the cultivation area is further provided with a reflecting plate.
4. The method for breeding sweet potato seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the LED lamp group is composed of a red LED lamp, a blue LED lamp and a white LED lamp.
5. The method for breeding sweet potato seedlings according to claim 1, wherein said scraper is further connected to a motor.
6. The method for breeding sweet potato seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the door panel is further provided with a sight glass.
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