CN113557888A

CN113557888A - Breeding device and breeding method for crop seeds

Info

Publication number: CN113557888A
Application number: CN202110933656.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史利霞; 魏炳刚; 李延峰; 成林广; 杨梅; 史波涛; 屠玲; 胡七一; 刘群松; 刘玉涛; 康同五; 杜俊勇; 张守伟; 孟淑婷
Original assignee: Henan Shunxin Dazhong Seed Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Henan Shunxin Dazhong Seed Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-15
Filing date: 2021-08-15
Publication date: 2021-10-29

Abstract

The application provides a breeding equipment and breeding method of crops seed, which comprises a water tank, seedling raising box and case lid, the inside of water tank is provided with irrigates the mechanism, irrigate the mechanism and include the inlet tube, immersible pump and raceway, seedling raising box fixes the top at the water tank, seedling raising box's both ends have all been seted up the ventilation hole, the inside in two ventilation holes all is provided with ventilation mechanism, the fixed electric heating net that has inlayed in the inside in one of them ventilation hole, ventilation mechanism includes the fixed orifices, scavenger fan and dust filter screen, seedling raising box's inside is provided with a plurality of partition mechanism, partition mechanism includes spacing groove and division board. The method can ensure that the humidity of the seedling culture base soil and the temperature of air are in the optimal humidity range of breeding; the device has realized that the same seed raising box is inside to carry out multiunit breeding experiment simultaneously, and the control to the variable will be more accurate like this, can shorten the breeding time simultaneously, has solved inaccurate and the longer problem of breeding time of control of variable among the prior art.

Description

Breeding device and breeding method for crop seeds

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of crop breeding, in particular to crop seed breeding equipment and a crop seed breeding method.

Background

The breeding is a technology for cultivating a new variety of excellent animals and plants by creating genetic variation and improving genetic characteristics. It is based on genetics as theory and applies many disciplinary knowledge of ecology, physiology, biochemistry, pathology and biology statistics. Has very important significance for developing animal husbandry and planting industry. Conventional breeding includes crossbreeding and distant hybridization; the unconventional breeding comprises mutation breeding, molecular breeding, in vitro culture technology and the like, wherein the mutation breeding is used more, the uncontrollable factors of the mutation breeding are more, and the operation is generally carried out by adopting a variable control method.

The first patent is as follows: the ultraviolet mutagenesis seed breeding box disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent (application number: CN201320541200.9) comprises a box body, ultraviolet lamp tubes are respectively arranged on four sides of the inner wall of the box body, a rotating roller driven by a motor is arranged in the center of the box body, a seed placing barrel is sleeved on the rotating roller at intervals, a plurality of pits for placing seeds are arranged on the wall of the seed placing barrel, and rubber mud is filled between the seed placing barrel and the rotating roller. The utility model discloses seed case is educated in ultraviolet ray mutagenesis through rotatory mode to make the seed embryo receive bigger ultraviolet irradiation volume, improved the quality and the efficiency of mutation breeding.

However, in the above patent, the temperature, humidity, ventilation and physical mutagenesis source are not precisely controlled during the specific implementation, which affects the breeding effect, and a plurality of breeding boxes are required to be operated simultaneously during the specific use, which makes the control of variables more inaccurate; or the breeding is carried out in batches by using the same breeding box, which undoubtedly prolongs the breeding time.

Patent II: according to the agricultural seed breeding box disclosed in the Chinese invention patent (application number: CN201720867943.3), the agricultural seed breeding box comprises a water collecting box, a filter screen, an overflow port, a liquid discharge pipe, a thin sheet, a connecting rod, a hollow cylinder, a fixed block, a fixed rod, a spring and a polygon prism, wherein the water collecting box is assembled on the upper end surface of a horizontal plate, the filter screen is assembled on the upper end surface of the water collecting box, the overflow port is arranged on the right end surface of the water collecting box, the left end of the liquid discharge pipe is arranged at the lower position of the right end surface of the water collecting box, the design increases the function of the agricultural seed breeding box for collecting rainwater, the lower end of the fixed rod is arranged at the middle position of the upper end surface of the fixed block, the lower end of the spring is fixed on the upper end surface of the fixed rod, the upper end of the spring is arranged at the middle position of the lower end surface of the hollow cylinder, the thin sheet is arranged at the middle position of the upper end surface of the hollow cylinder through the connecting rod, and the polygon prism is arranged on the annular side surface of the hollow cylinder, this design has increased the utility model discloses drive the bird function, the utility model discloses convenient to use, the function is various, and stability is good, and the reliability is high.

However, the above patent only controls humidity, and controls humidity manually, which cannot achieve precise automatic control, and does not control temperature and ventilation precisely, which affects breeding effect, and the above patent can only perform ordinary seed seedling raising operation. Therefore, the improvement is made, and the breeding equipment and the breeding method of the crop seeds are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: temperature, humidity, ventilation volume, physical mutagenesis source and the like are not accurately controlled, so that the breeding effect is influenced, and a plurality of breeding boxes are required to be operated simultaneously when the breeding box is used specifically, so that the control on variables is more inaccurate; or the breeding is carried out in batches by using the same breeding box, which undoubtedly prolongs the breeding time.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the above object of the invention, the present invention provides:

a breeding device for crop seeds comprises a water tank, a seedling raising box and a box cover, wherein an irrigation mechanism is arranged inside the water tank, the irrigation mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe, a submersible pump and a water delivery pipe, the seedling raising box is fixed at the top end of the water tank, ventilation holes are formed in two ends of the seedling raising box, a ventilation mechanism is arranged inside each of the two ventilation holes, an electric heating net is fixedly embedded inside one of the ventilation holes, the ventilation mechanism comprises a fixed hole, a ventilation fan and a dust filtering net, a plurality of separation mechanisms are arranged inside the seedling raising box, each separation mechanism comprises a limiting groove and a separation plate, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are fixedly arranged on two sides of one end of an inner cavity of the seedling raising box respectively, the box cover is clamped at the top end of the seedling raising box, a plurality of ultraviolet lamp tubes are arranged on the top end of the inner cavity of the box cover, and a control mechanism is fixedly arranged on one side of the seedling raising box, the control mechanism comprises a control box, a box cover, a display screen, a control panel and a PLC.

As a preferred technical scheme of this application, the inlet tube is fixed to be pegged graft in one of them edge of water tank one end bottom, the immersible pump is fixed in the bottom of water tank inner chamber, the fixed another edge that runs through water tank one end bottom of one end of raceway, the fixed bottom that runs through seedling raising box one end of the other end of raceway extends to seedling raising box inside.

As a preferred technical scheme of this application, the inside raceway of seedling raising box is S-shaped distribution, and is located inside the seedling raising box a plurality of hole of exposing to the sun is seted up on the surface of raceway.

As an preferred technical scheme of this application, the one end in the ventilation hole near the seedling raising box outside is seted up to the fixed orifices, the scavenger fan is fixed to be inlayed inside the fixed orifices, two the scavenger fan air inlet direction is unanimous, electric heating net fixes and is used for the air inlet at one of them the air outlet department of scavenger fan, the dust filter screen is located the tip of scavenger fan, just the surface at the seedling raising box tip is fixed to the dust filter screen.

As an optimal technical scheme of this application, the spacing groove has a plurality of, a plurality of the both ends at seedling raising box inner chamber are seted up respectively to the spacing groove, just a plurality of spacing groove one-to-one at seedling raising box both ends, the division board also has a plurality of, a plurality of the both ends of division board are the activity respectively and are pegged graft in two corresponding spacing inslots, just the bottom of division board is located the bottom of ventilation hole bottom.

As an optimal technical scheme of this application, a plurality of ultraviolet tube on case lid top transversely is equidistant to be distributed, and adjacent two all there is a division board between the ultraviolet tube, the internal surface and a plurality of seedling raising box and case lid ultraviolet protection coating has all been paintd on the surface of division board.

As an optimal technical scheme of this application, one side at seedling raising box is fixed to the control box, the PLC controller is fixed inside the control box, the front at the control box is fixed to the lid, the display screen is fixed to be inlayed and is established in the positive one end of lid, control panel is fixed to be inlayed and is established and inlay at the positive other end of lid.

As an preferred technical scheme of this application, the card slot has been seted up to the edge on seedling raising box top, the fixed surface in card slot has sealed the pad, the top of sealed pad closely laminates with the edge of case lid bottom.

As an optimal technical scheme of this application, the catching groove has all been seted up at the middle part at case lid both ends, two the surface of catching groove all is fixed the parcel and is had sweat-absorbing foam.

As an optimal technical scheme of this application, seedling growing base soil has still been laid to the bottom of seedling raising box inner chamber, raceway, temperature sensor and humidity transducer all bury underground in seedling growing base soil's inside, a plurality of the bottom of division board all buries underground in seedling growing base soil's inside.

A breeding device and a breeding method of crop seeds comprise the following steps: firstly, clear water and nutrient solution are added into the water tank through a water inlet pipe, then the box cover is opened, the partition plates inside the seedling box are completely taken out, then seedling base soil is added into the seedling box, crop seeds are sowed into the seedling base soil, the uniform spacing of the crop seeds is ensured during sowing, the partition plates are positioned between every two adjacent partition plates, then the partition plates are sequentially inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves, the inside of the seedling box can be separated through the matching of the limiting grooves and the partition plates, the inside of the seedling box can be separated into a plurality of spaces, further, contrast breeding is conveniently carried out, the box cover is clamped at the top of the seedling box, a program edited in advance is input into the PLC through the matching of the control panel and the display screen, the display screen is preferably of a KQ type, and the program is the humidity of the optimal growth environment of the crop seeds, The temperature and ventilation volume interval, and the ultraviolet irradiation duration and irradiation power of a plurality of ultraviolet lamp tubes, the ultraviolet lamp tubes are preferably GPHTL type, a PLC controller is used for uniformly controlling a plurality of electric appliances, the PLC controller is preferably TPC-TD type, the operation is convenient, and meanwhile, various data in the seedling box can be conveniently observed from a display screen, the operation and the recording are convenient for operators, the breeding work can be started after the preparation work is done, the ultraviolet lamp tubes can carry out ultraviolet irradiation mutagenesis on seedlings in a plurality of spaces in the seedling box, and a plurality of groups of seedlings can be operated simultaneously, so that the comparison can be conveniently carried out, and the time can be saved; in the breeding process, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor can feed back the temperature inside the seedling box and the humidity of the seedling base soil, the temperature sensor is preferably TS-FTW type, the humidity sensor is preferably TC-B type, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are fed back to a PLC controller inside the control box in real time, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are buried inside the seedling base soil to ensure that measured data are real data inside the seedling base soil and ensure that the seedling base soil used by a plurality of groups of seed seedlings is consistent, the PLC controller can judge according to a program input in advance, if the temperature is low, the PLC controller can control the electric heating net to heat, the electric heating net is preferably XF type, the ventilating fan at one end of the electric heating net can convey external air to the inside of the seedling box, the electric heating net can heat the conveyed air, and the ventilating fan at the other end can convey the air inside the seedling box outwards, the temperature rise work is carried out until the temperature inside the seedling raising box reaches a set temperature range, if the temperature is high, the PLC controller controls the electric heating net to stop heating, the ventilating fan at one end of the seedling raising box can accelerate the conveying of external air to the inside of the seedling raising box, the ventilating fan at the other end can synchronously convey the air inside the seedling raising box outwards, the temperature reduction work is carried out, meanwhile, the ventilation work is carried out, the circulation work is carried out, until the temperature inside the seedling raising box reaches the set temperature range, the two ventilating fans are respectively positioned at the two ends of the seedling raising box, one ventilating fan conveys the air to the inside of the seedling raising box, the other ventilating fan discharges the air to the outside of the seedling raising box, the circulation of the air inside the seedling raising box can be ensured, meanwhile, the dust filter screen can filter dust in the air, and the electric heating net can heat the entering air, the temperature in the seedling raising box is guaranteed, if the humidity of the seedling raising base soil is low, the PLC can control the submersible pump to work, the submersible pump extracts the solution in the water tank and conveys the solution into the water pipe, at the moment, the water pipe can convey the solution into the seedling raising box and discharge the solution through the aeration holes to humidify the seedling raising base soil, after the humidity of the seedling raising base soil meets the requirement, the PLC controls the submersible pump to stop working, the water pipe is distributed in an S shape, and the aeration holes are formed in the surface of the water pipe, so that the solution in the water pipe can be uniformly sprayed out, and irrigation is more uniform; because the ultraviolet irradiation duration and the irradiation power of a plurality of ultraviolet lamp tubes are different, only the bred seedlings need to be transplanted and planted in the later period, the yield of crops, the taste of fruits and the content of nutrient components of the fruits can be recorded, the optimal mutation breeding data of the crop seeds can be obtained by comparing different experimental results, compared with the traditional breeding device, the breeding equipment of the crop seeds uses a PLC controller to control a submersible pump, a ventilator and an electric heating net, the submersible pump is preferably an LY-JLM type, and meanwhile, the humidity of the seedling raising base soil and the temperature of air in the seedling raising box are accurately monitored by using a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, so that the humidity of the seedling raising base soil and the temperature of the air are in the optimal humidity range of breeding, and the accurate control of the humidity, the temperature and the ventilation volume in mutation breeding is further ensured, the unification of humidity, ventilation and temperature of a plurality of groups of seedlings is realized, and the experiment is ensured; the ultraviolet-proof plates are coated on the surfaces of the plurality of partition plates, so that the mutual influence of seedlings in adjacent experimental areas under ultraviolet irradiation can be reduced to the maximum extent; the device has realized that the same seed raising box is inside to carry out multiunit breeding experiment simultaneously, and the control to the variable will be more accurate like this, can shorten the breeding time simultaneously, has solved inaccurate and the longer problem of breeding time of control of variable among the prior art.

(III) advantageous effects

The breeding equipment for crop seeds provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the device realizes that a plurality of groups of breeding experiments are carried out simultaneously in the same breeding box, so that the control on the variable is more accurate, the breeding time is shortened, and the problems of inaccurate control on the variable and longer breeding time in the prior art are solved;

2. through the arranged irrigation mechanism, the PLC is used for controlling the submersible pump, and meanwhile, the humidity sensor is used for accurately monitoring the humidity of the seedling raising base soil in the seedling raising box, so that the humidity of the seedling raising base soil can be ensured to be in the optimal humidity range of breeding, the accurate control of the humidity in mutation breeding is further ensured, the uniformity of the humidity of multiple groups of seedlings is realized, and the accuracy of experiments is ensured;

3. through the arranged ventilation mechanism and the electric heating net, the PLC is used for controlling the ventilation fan and the electric heating net, and meanwhile, the temperature sensor is used for accurately monitoring the temperature of the air in the seedling box, so that the temperature in the seedling box can be ensured to be in the optimal range of breeding, the accurate control of the temperature and the ventilation in mutation breeding is further ensured, the uniformity of the ventilation and the temperature of a plurality of groups of seedlings is realized, and the accuracy of an experiment is ensured;

4. ultraviolet protection is smeared on the inner surfaces of the seedling box and the box cover, so that damage to the environment outside the seedling box caused by ultraviolet can be reduced, and the ultraviolet protection is smeared on the surface of the partition plate, so that the mutual influence of ultraviolet irradiation on seedlings in adjacent experimental areas can be reduced to the greatest extent.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for breeding crop seeds provided herein;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partially disassembled structure of a breeding apparatus for crop seeds provided herein;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view, in cross-section, of an apparatus for breeding crop seeds provided herein;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a top view cross-sectional structure of a water tank of an apparatus for breeding crop seeds provided herein;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a nursery box of an apparatus for breeding crop seeds according to the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view cross-sectional view of a vent of an apparatus for breeding crop seeds provided herein;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a top partially enlarged structure of a seedling box of the crop seed breeding apparatus provided in the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional enlarged structure of a box cover of the apparatus for breeding seeds of agricultural crops according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the inside cutting structure of the control box of the crop seed breeding device provided by the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic top-view cross-sectional enlarged structure view of a vent of a crop seed breeding apparatus provided in the present application.

Icon: 1. a water tank; 2. a seedling raising box; 3. a box cover; 4. a water inlet pipe; 5. a submersible pump; 6. a water delivery pipe; 7. a vent hole; 8. a fixing hole; 9. a ventilator; 10. a dust filter screen; 11. a limiting groove; 12. a partition plate; 13. a temperature sensor; 14. a humidity sensor; 15. an ultraviolet lamp tube; 16. a control box; 17. a box cover; 18. a display screen; 19. a control panel; 20. a PLC controller; 21. a clamping groove; 22. a gasket; 23. buckling grooves; 24. an electric heating net.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is made with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, the present application provides a crop seed breeding device, which comprises a water tank 1, a seedling raising box 2 and a box cover 3, wherein an irrigation mechanism is arranged inside the water tank 1, the irrigation mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe 4, a submersible pump 5 and a water pipe 6, the seedling raising box 2 is fixed at the top end of the water tank 1, vent holes 7 are respectively arranged at both ends of the seedling raising box 2, a ventilation mechanism is respectively arranged inside the two vent holes 7, an electric heating net 24 is fixedly embedded inside one vent hole 7, the ventilation mechanism comprises a fixed hole 8, a ventilation fan 9 and a dust filter net 10, a plurality of separation mechanisms are arranged inside the seedling raising box 2, each separation mechanism comprises a limiting groove 11 and a separation plate 12, a temperature sensor 13 and a humidity sensor 14 are respectively fixedly arranged at both sides of one end of an inner cavity of the seedling raising box 2, the box cover 3 is clamped at the top end of the seedling box 2, a plurality of ultraviolet lamp tubes 15 are arranged at the top end of an inner cavity of the box cover 3, a control mechanism is fixedly arranged on one side of the seedling box 2 and comprises a control box 16, a box cover 17, a display screen 18, a control panel 19 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) 20, the submersible pump 5, the ventilating fan 9 and the electric heating net 24 are controlled by the PLC 20, and meanwhile, the humidity of the seedling-growing base soil and the temperature of air in the seedling box 2 are accurately monitored by the temperature sensor 13 and the humidity sensor 14, so that the humidity of the seedling-growing base soil and the temperature of the air can be ensured to be in the optimal humidity range of breeding, the accurate control of the humidity, the temperature and the ventilation quantity in mutation breeding is further ensured, the uniformity of the humidity, the ventilation quantity and the temperature of a plurality of groups of seedlings is realized, and the experiment is ensured; the inner surfaces of the seedling raising box 2 and the box cover 3 are coated with ultraviolet-proof layers, so that damage of ultraviolet rays to the environment outside the seedling raising box 2 can be reduced, and meanwhile, the surfaces of the plurality of partition plates 12 are coated with ultraviolet-proof layers, so that mutual influence of ultraviolet irradiation on seedlings in adjacent experimental areas can be reduced to the maximum extent; the device has realized that the same seed raising box is inside to carry out multiunit breeding experiment simultaneously, and the control to the variable will be more accurate like this, can shorten the breeding time simultaneously, has solved inaccurate and the longer problem of breeding time of control of variable among the prior art.

Wherein, inlet tube 4 is fixed to be pegged graft in one of them edge of 1 one end bottom of water tank, immersible pump 5 is fixed in the bottom of 1 inner chamber of water tank, the fixed another edge that runs through 1 one end bottom of water tank of one end of raceway 6, the fixed bottom that runs through 2 one ends of seedling raising box of the other end of raceway 6 extends to seedling raising box 2 inside, can add clear water and nutrient solution to the inside of water tank 1 through inlet tube 4, immersible pump 5 can take out the solution of 1 inside of water tank simultaneously, and carry seedling raising box 2 inside through raceway 6.

Wherein, the raceway 6 of seedling raising box 2 inside is S-shaped and distributes, and the surface that is located the raceway 6 of seedling raising box 2 inside has seted up a plurality of hole of exposing to the sun, and raceway 6 is S-shaped and distributes and set up the hole of exposing to the sun on its surface, can let the even spraying of the inside solution of raceway 6 like this for irrigate more even.

Wherein, the one end that is close to seedling raising box 2 outside in ventilation hole 7 is seted up to fixed orifices 8, scavenger fan 9 is fixed to be inlayed and is established inside fixed orifices 8, two scavenger fan 9 air inlet directions are unanimous, electric heating net 24 is fixed in the air outlet department of one of them scavenger fan 9 that is used for the air inlet, dust filter screen 10 is located the tip of scavenger fan 9, and dust filter screen 10 is fixed on the surface at seedling raising box 2 tip, two scavenger fan 9 are located seedling raising box 2's both ends respectively, one of them scavenger fan 9 is to the inside air of carrying of seedling raising box 2, another scavenger fan 9 is to the outside discharge air of seedling raising box 2, can guarantee like this that the inside air of seedling raising box 2 circulates, dust filter screen 10 can filter the dust in the air simultaneously, electric heating net 24 can heat the air that gets into, guarantee the inside temperature of seedling raising box 2.

Wherein, spacing groove 11 has a plurality of, the both ends at 2 inner chambers of seedling raising box are seted up respectively to a plurality of

spacing groove

11, and 11 one-to-one in a plurality of spacing groove at 2 both ends of seedling raising box, division board 12 also has a plurality of, the both ends of a plurality of division board 12 are the activity respectively and are pegged graft in two corresponding spacing grooves 11 insides, and division board 12's bottom is located the bottom in ventilation hole 7 bottom, can separate seedling raising box 2's inside through spacing groove 11 and division board 12's cooperation, can be with the internal partitioning of seedling raising box 2 to a plurality of space like this, and then conveniently carry out contrast breeding.

Wherein, the horizontal equidistant distribution of a plurality of ultraviolet tube 15 on 3 tops of case lid, and all have a division board 12 between two adjacent ultraviolet tube 15, the internal surface of seedling raising box 2 and case lid 3 and the surface of a plurality of division board 12 have all been paintd anti ultraviolet coating, a plurality of ultraviolet tube 15 can carry out the ultraviolet irradiation mutagenesis for the seedling in the inside a plurality of space of seedling raising box 2, and can the multiunit seedling operate simultaneously, so both can conveniently contrast, can save time simultaneously.

Wherein, control box 16 is fixed in the one side of seedling raising box 2, PLC controller 20 is fixed inside control box 16, lid 17 is fixed in control box 16's front, display screen 18 is fixed to inlay and is established in the positive one end of

lid

17, 19 fixed inlays of control panel establishes and inlays the positive other end of establishing at lid 17, carry out unified control to multiple electrical apparatus through PLC controller 20, convenient operation, also conveniently observe each item data of seedling raising box 2 inside from display screen 18 simultaneously, make things convenient for operating personnel to take notes.

Wherein, the edge on 2 tops of seedling raising box has seted up block groove 21, and the fixed surface in block groove 21 has sealed the pad 22, and the top of sealed pad 22 closely laminates with the edge of case lid 3 bottom, and sealed pad 22 can guarantee the seal between 2 and the case lid 3 of seedling raising box, and then can block impurity such as outside dust.

Wherein, catching grooves 23 have all been seted up at the middle part at 3 both ends of case lid, and the surface of two catching grooves 23 all is fixed the parcel and is had the sweat-absorbing bubble cotton, sets up catching grooves 23 at the both ends of case lid 3, can make things convenient for operating personnel to open case lid 3.

Wherein, the bottom of 2 inner chambers of seedling raising box has still laid the foundation soil of growing seedlings, and raceway 6, temperature sensor 13 and humidity transducer 14 all bury in the inside of the foundation soil of growing seedlings, and the bottom of a plurality of division board 12 all buries in the inside of the foundation soil of growing seedlings, and temperature sensor 13 and humidity transducer 14 bury in the inside of the foundation soil of growing seedlings and can guarantee that measured data is the inside true data of the foundation soil of growing seedlings to can guarantee that the foundation soil of growing seedlings that multiunit seed seedling used is unanimous.

Wherein, PLC controller 20 and external power supply electric connection, control panel 19 and PLC controller 20's control end electric connection, display screen 18 and PLC controller 20's output electric connection, immersible pump 5, dust filter screen 10 and ultraviolet tube 15 all with PLC controller 20's output electric connection, temperature sensor 13 and humidity transducer 14 and PLC controller 20's input electric connection.

When the device works, clear water and nutrient solution are added into the water tank 1 through the water inlet pipe 4, the box cover 3 is opened, the partition plates 12 inside the seedling box 2 are all taken out, seedling base soil is added into the seedling box 2, crop seeds are sown into the seedling base soil, the uniform spacing of the crop seeds is ensured during sowing and are positioned between two adjacent partition plates 12, the plurality of partition plates 12 are sequentially inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves 11, the inside of the seedling box 2 can be separated through the matching of the limiting grooves 11 and the partition plates 12, so that the inside of the seedling box 2 can be separated into a plurality of spaces, further, contrast breeding is convenient, the box cover 3 is clamped to the top of the seedling box 2, and then a program edited in advance is input into the PLC 20 through the matching of the control panel 19 and the display screen 18, the display screen 18 is preferably K104Q2 type, the program is the humidity, temperature and ventilation interval of the best growing environment of the crop seeds, the ultraviolet irradiation duration and irradiation power of the ultraviolet lamps 15, the ultraviolet lamps 15 are preferably GPH846T6L type, the PLC 20 is used for uniformly controlling various electric appliances, the PLC 20 is preferably TPC8-8TD type, the operation is convenient, meanwhile, various data in the seedling box 2 can be observed conveniently from the display screen 18, the operation and recording of operators are convenient, breeding work can be started after the preparation work is done, the ultraviolet lamps 15 can carry out ultraviolet irradiation mutagenesis on seedlings in a plurality of spaces in the seedling box 2, and a plurality of groups of seedlings can be operated simultaneously, so that the comparison can be conveniently carried out, and the time can be saved; in the breeding process, the temperature sensor 13 and the humidity sensor 14 feed back the temperature inside the seedling box 2 and the humidity of the seedling base soil, the temperature sensor 13 is preferably of a TS-FTW3 type, the humidity sensor 14 is preferably of a TC-05B type, the temperature sensor 13 and the humidity sensor 14 are buried inside the seedling base soil to ensure that the measured data are the real data inside the seedling base soil and ensure that the seedling base soil used by a plurality of groups of seed seedlings is consistent, the PLC 20 judges according to a program input in advance, if the temperature is low, the PLC 20 controls the electric heating net 24 to heat, the electric heating net is preferably of an XF902 type, at the moment, the ventilation fan 9 at one end of the electric heating net 24 conveys the outside air to the inside of the seedling box 2, and the electric heating net 24 heats the conveyed air, and the ventilating fans 9 at the other ends can convey the air inside the seedling raising box 2 outwards so as to carry out heating work until the temperature inside the seedling raising box 2 reaches a set temperature range, if the temperature is high, the PLC 20 can control the electric heating net 24 to stop heating, the ventilating fans 9 at one ends of the seedling raising box 2 can accelerate the conveying of the external air to the inside of the seedling raising box 2, the ventilating fans 9 at the other ends can synchronously convey the air inside the seedling raising box 2 outwards so as to carry out cooling work and ventilation work simultaneously, the circulation work is carried out in such a way until the temperature inside the seedling raising box 2 reaches the set temperature range, the two ventilating fans 9 are respectively positioned at the two ends of the seedling raising box 2, one ventilating fan 9 conveys the air to the inside of the seedling raising box 2, the other ventilating fan 9 discharges the air to the outside of the seedling raising box 2, and therefore the circulation of the air inside the seedling raising box 2 can be ensured, meanwhile, the dust filter screen 10 can filter dust in the air, the electric heating net 24 can heat the entering air, the temperature inside the seedling raising box 2 is guaranteed, if the humidity of the seedling raising base soil is low, the PLC controller 20 can control the submersible pump 5 to work, the submersible pump 5 pumps out the solution inside the water tank 1 and conveys the solution into the water conveying pipe 6, at the moment, the water conveying pipe 6 can convey the solution into the seedling raising box 2 and discharge the solution through the aeration holes to humidify the seedling raising base soil, after the humidity of the seedling raising base soil meets the requirement, the PLC controller 20 controls the submersible pump 5 to stop working, the water conveying pipe 6 is distributed in an S shape, the aeration holes are formed in the surface of the water conveying pipe 6, and therefore the solution inside the water conveying pipe 6 can be uniformly sprayed out, and irrigation is more uniform; because the ultraviolet irradiation duration and the irradiation power of the ultraviolet lamp tubes 15 are different, only the bred seedlings need to be transplanted in the later period, the yield of crops, the taste of the fruits and the content of nutrient components of the fruits can be recorded, the optimal mutation breeding data of the crop seeds can be obtained by comparing different experimental results, compared with the traditional breeding device, the breeding device of the crop seeds uses the PLC (programmable logic controller) 20 to control the submersible pump 5, the ventilation fan 9 and the electric heating net 24, the submersible pump 5 is preferably of an LY-JLM type, and meanwhile, the temperature sensor 13 and the humidity sensor 14 are used for accurately monitoring the humidity of the seedling raising base soil and the temperature of the air in the seedling raising box 2, so that the humidity of the seedling raising base soil and the temperature of the air can be ensured to be in the optimal humidity range of breeding, and further the humidity in mutation breeding is ensured, The temperature and the ventilation quantity are accurately controlled, the unification of the humidity, the ventilation quantity and the temperature of a plurality of groups of seedlings is realized, and the experiment is ensured; the inner surfaces of the seedling raising box 2 and the box cover 3 are coated with ultraviolet-proof light, so that the damage of ultraviolet light to the environment outside the seedling raising box 2 can be reduced, and meanwhile, the surfaces of the plurality of partition plates 12 are coated with ultraviolet-proof light, so that the mutual influence of ultraviolet irradiation on seedlings in adjacent experimental areas can be reduced to the maximum extent; the device has realized that the same seed raising box is inside to carry out multiunit breeding experiment simultaneously, and the control to the variable will be more accurate like this, can shorten the breeding time simultaneously, has solved inaccurate and the longer problem of breeding time of control of variable among the prior art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a breeding equipment of crops seed, includes water tank (1), seedling raising box (2) and case lid (3), a serial communication port, the inside of water tank (1) is provided with irrigates the mechanism, irrigate the mechanism and include inlet tube (4), immersible pump (5) and raceway (6), seedling raising box (2) are fixed on the top of water tank (1), ventilation hole (7), two have all been seted up at the both ends of seedling raising box (2) the inside in ventilation hole (7) all is provided with ventilation mechanism, one of them the inside of ventilation hole (7) is fixed to be inlayed and is equipped with electric heating net (24), ventilation mechanism includes fixed orifices (8), scavenger fan (9) and dust filter screen (10), seedling raising box's (2) inside is provided with a plurality of and separates the mechanism, it includes spacing groove (11) and division board (12) to separate the mechanism, seedling raising box (2) inner chamber one end's both sides are fixed respectively and are equipped with temperature sensor (13) and humidity pass through temperature sensor (13), humidity Inductor (14), case lid (3) block is on the top of seedling raising box (2), the top of case lid (3) inner chamber is equipped with a plurality of ultraviolet tube (15), the fixed control mechanism that is equipped with in one side of seedling raising box (2), control mechanism includes control box (16), lid (17), display screen (18), control panel (19) and PLC controller (20).

2. The crop seed breeding device according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet pipe (4) is fixedly inserted at one corner of the bottom of one end of the water tank (1), the submersible pump (5) is fixed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the water tank (1), one end of the water conveying pipe (6) fixedly penetrates through the other corner of the bottom of one end of the water tank (1), and the other end of the water conveying pipe (6) fixedly penetrates through the bottom of one end of the seedling raising box (2) and extends into the seedling raising box (2).

3. The crop seed breeding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water pipes (6) inside the seedling raising box (2) are distributed in an S shape, and a plurality of aeration holes are formed on the surface of the water pipes (6) inside the seedling raising box (2).

4. The crop seed breeding device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing hole (8) is formed in one end of the ventilation hole (7) close to the outer side of the seedling raising box (2), the ventilation fans (9) are fixedly embedded in the fixing hole (8), the air inlet directions of the two ventilation fans (9) are consistent, the electric heating net (24) is fixed at the air outlet of one ventilation fan (9) for air inlet, the dust filter screen (10) is located at the end of the ventilation fan (9), and the dust filter screen (10) is fixed on the surface of the end of the seedling raising box (2).

5. The crop seed breeding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein there are several limiting grooves (11), several limiting grooves (11) are respectively formed at two ends of the inner cavity of the seedling box (2), the limiting grooves (11) at two ends of the seedling box (2) are in one-to-one correspondence, several dividing plates (12) are also provided, two ends of several dividing plates (12) are respectively movably inserted into two corresponding limiting grooves (11), and the bottom ends of the dividing plates (12) are located at the bottom of the bottom ends of the ventilation holes (7).

6. A breeding apparatus for crop seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of ultraviolet lamps (15) are arranged at the top end of the box cover (3) and are transversely arranged at equal intervals, a partition plate (12) is arranged between two adjacent ultraviolet lamps (15), and ultraviolet-proof coatings are coated on the inner surfaces of the seedling box (2) and the box cover (3) and the surfaces of the plurality of partition plates (12).

7. A breeding device of crop seeds as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the control box (16) is fixed at one side of the seedling box (2), the PLC (20) is fixed inside the control box (16), the box cover (17) is fixed at the front of the control box (16), the display screen (18) is fixedly embedded at one end of the front of the box cover (17), and the control panel (19) is fixedly embedded at the other end of the front of the box cover (17).

8. The crop seed breeding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a clamping groove (21) is formed at the edge of the top end of the seedling box (2), a sealing gasket (22) is fixed on the surface of the clamping groove (21), and the top end of the sealing gasket (22) is tightly attached to the edge of the bottom end of the box cover (3).

9. The crop seed breeding device according to claim 1, wherein catching grooves (23) are formed in the middles of the two ends of the box cover (3), sweat-absorbent foam is fixedly wrapped on the surfaces of the two catching grooves (23), seedling raising base soil is further paved at the bottom of the inner cavity of the seedling raising box (2), the water conveying pipe (6), the temperature sensor (13) and the humidity sensor (14) are buried in the seedling raising base soil, and the bottom ends of the plurality of partition plates (12) are buried in the seedling raising base soil.

10. A method of using the apparatus of claim 9 for breeding crop seeds, comprising the steps of:

1. firstly, clear water and nutrient solution are added into a water tank (1) through a water inlet pipe (4), then a tank cover (3) is opened, partition plates (12) inside a seedling box (2) are all taken out, then seedling base soil is added into the seedling box (2), crop seeds are sowed into the seedling base soil, the uniform spacing of the crop seeds is ensured during sowing and are positioned between two adjacent partition plates (12), then a plurality of partition plates (12) are sequentially inserted into corresponding limiting grooves (11), the inside of the seedling box (2) can be separated through the matching of the limiting grooves (11) and the partition plates (12), so that the inside of the seedling box (2) can be separated into a plurality of spaces, and further comparative breeding is convenient;

2. the box cover (3) is clamped to the top of the seedling box (2), the ultraviolet lamp tubes (15) can perform ultraviolet irradiation mutagenesis on seedlings in a plurality of spaces in the seedling box (2), and a plurality of groups of seedlings can be operated simultaneously, so that comparison can be performed conveniently, and time can be saved;

3. in the breeding process, the temperature sensor (13) and the humidity sensor (14) can be used for judging the temperature inside the seedling box (2) and the humidity of seedling-raising base soil, the PLC (20) can be used for judging according to a program input in advance, if the temperature is low, the PLC (20) can be used for controlling the electric heating net (24) to heat, at the moment, the air inside the seedling box (2) can be conveyed to the inside of the seedling box (2) by the ventilating fan (9) at one end of the electric heating net (24), meanwhile, the conveyed air can be heated by the electric heating net (24), the ventilating fan (9) at the other end can be used for conveying the air inside the seedling box (2) outwards, the heating work is carried out, until the temperature inside the seedling box (2) reaches a set temperature range, if the temperature is high, the PLC (20) can be used for controlling the electric heating net (24) to stop heating, and the ventilating fan (9) at one end of the seedling box (2) can be used for accelerating the conveying the air outside to the inside of the seedling box (2) The ventilation fan (9) at the other end can synchronously convey the air in the seedling raising box (2) outwards so as to perform cooling work and ventilation work simultaneously, and the circulation work is performed until the temperature in the seedling raising box (2) reaches a set temperature range;

4. electric heating net (24) can heat the air that gets into, guarantee the inside temperature of seedling raising box (2), if the humidity of the basic soil of growing seedlings has been hanged down, immersible pump (5) work can be controlled in PLC controller (20), immersible pump (5) are taken the inside solution of water tank (1) out, and carry to in raceway (6), at this moment raceway (6) can carry the inside of seedling raising box (2) with solution, and discharge through the hole of exposing to the sun and carry out the humidification to the basic soil of growing seedlings, after the humidity of the basic soil of growing seedlings reaches the requirement, PLC controller (20) control immersible pump (5) stop work, raceway (6) are S-shaped distribution and set up the hole of exposing to the sun on its surface, can let the even spraying of the inside solution of raceway (6) like this, make the more even of irrigating.