CN107213419B - 一种治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药及其制备方法,所述的治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药,包括以下原料药物:红参8‑12g、白术14‑16g、炒山药14‑16g、补骨脂10‑14g、黄芪16‑20g、茯苓12‑16g、陈皮8‑12g、砂仁8‑12g、九香虫5‑7g、炙甘草5‑7g。本发明采用纯天然的原料中草药物制成,稳定可靠,治疗效果好,见效快,无毒副作用,在治疗脾虚型阳痿上,能明显改善患者勃起功能,减少脘腹饱闷、神疲乏力、便溏等症状,降低中医证候总评分及勃起功能IIEF‑5国际总评分,为脾虚型阳痿提供了良好的治疗条件,有效率达到92.73%,是中医药学上的一大创造,有实际的临床意义,是治疗脾虚型阳痿药物上的一大创新,有良好的社会和经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药,特别是一种治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药及其制备方法。
背景技术
阳痿是指男性除未发育成熟或已到性欲衰退时期,性交时阴茎不能勃起,或虽勃起但勃起不坚,或勃起不能维持,以致不能完成性交全过程的一种病证,有原发性和继发性两种。原发性阳痿表现为阴茎从未能坚硬勃起进入阴道而进行房事;而继发性阳痿表现为曾有过成功的同房,但后来同房障碍者。现代医学称之为“勃起功能障碍”,认为其发病机制错综复杂,目前较为公认的有血管内皮功能障碍、相关信号转导障碍、激素水平异常、心理因素、年龄因素等发病机制。祖国医学对于阳痿的研究起步较早,历代医家有较为全面的论述,本病又有“不起”、“阴痿”、“阴器不用”、“筋痿”、“阳事不用”、“阴茎不举”等名称。
本病是成年男子常见病,其发病率、就诊率逐年增高,严重困扰已婚男子的房事生活,同时也是造成患者家庭夫妻关系不和谐的一个潜在因素。近年来人们受到环境污染、膏粱厚味、精神压力、滥用补肾之法等的冲击,致使脾之功能受到损伤,脾失健运已成为阳痿的主要病理变化,临床医家从肝肾论治阳痿仍有部分患者疗效不佳,或为忽视了脾失健运亦常致痿这一重要原因。多种复杂的原因导致该病临床治疗难度的增大。
现代医学在治疗阳痿时多采用PDE5抑制剂口服、肾上腺受体拮抗剂口服、激素疗法、血管活性药物海绵体内注射、负压吸引缩窄装置、阴茎假体植入等方法,但因其疗法带来的不良反应、改善患者症状方面欠佳、具有一定操作技能要求等特点,直接影响了患者的接受度,临床推广具有一定难度。而本发明采用中医中药疗法,紧抓阳痿发病的主要病机,以健脾为主。现代药理研究表明,健脾类药物对于人体血流运行具有一定调节作用。本发明通过运用健脾药物改善阴茎勃起的血流变化,从而达到改善勃起的目的,具有满意的临床疗效。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药及其制备方法,可有效解决治疗脾虚型阳痿效果不佳的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药,包括以下原料药物:红参8-12g、白术14-16g、炒山药14-16g、补骨脂10-14g、黄芪16-20g、茯苓12-16g、陈皮8-12g、砂仁8-12g、九香虫5-7g、炙甘草5-7g。
一种治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药的制备方法,将各原料药物混合在一起,放入容器中,加水700-900ml浸泡20-30分钟,武火煎至沸腾后,改为文火煎煮15-25分钟,过滤,留滤液即得。
本发明采用纯天然的原料中草药物制成,各种药物之间有机配合,协同增效,配制合理,原料丰富,方法简单,服用方便,疗效佳,成本低,是治疗脾虚型阳痿药物上的一大创新。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
本发明治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药,包括以下原料药物:红参8g、白术14g、炒山药14g、补骨脂10g、黄芪16g、茯苓12g、陈皮8g、砂仁8g、九香虫5g、炙甘草5g。
所述的治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药的制备方法,将各原料药物混合在一起,放入容器中,加水700ml浸泡20分钟,武火煎至沸腾后,改为文火煎煮15分钟,过滤,留滤液即得。
实施例2
本发明治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药,包括以下原料药物:红参10g、白术15g、炒山药15g、补骨脂12g、黄芪18g、茯苓14g、陈皮10g、砂仁10g、九香虫6g、炙甘草6g。
所述的治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药的制备方法,将各原料药物混合在一起,放入容器中,加水800ml浸泡25分钟,武火煎至沸腾后,改为文火煎煮20分钟,过滤,留滤液即得。
实施例3
本发明治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药,包括以下原料药物:红参12g、白术16g、炒山药16g、补骨脂14g、黄芪20g、茯苓16g、陈皮12g、砂仁12g、九香虫7g、炙甘草7g。
所述的治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药的制备方法,将各原料药物混合在一起,放入容器中,加水900ml浸泡30分钟,武火煎至沸腾后,改为文火煎煮25分钟,过滤,留滤液即得。
本发明要指出的是,本发明请求保护的技术核心是组方(中药复方),凡是根据本复方中药制成的汤剂、丸剂、粉剂、胶囊剂、片剂,均属于本发明请求保护的范围。
在上述药物中,其中:
红参,系五加科植物人参的根经过蒸制后干燥而成,主要产于吉林、辽宁、黑龙江,以吉林抚松县产量最大,质量最好,称吉林参。本品味甘、微苦,性微温,归肺、脾、心经,有大补元气、补脾益肺、生津、安神益智等功效。《本草汇言》:“补气生血,助精养神之药也。”主治因大汗、大泻、大失血或大病、久病所致元气虚极欲脱,气短神疲,脉微欲绝的重危证候,也可治疗肺脾心肾气虚证、热病气虚津伤口渴及消渴等证。此外,本品还常与解表药、攻下药等祛邪药配伍,用于气虚外感或里实热结而邪实正虚之证,有扶正祛邪之效。现代研究表明,本品含多种人参皂苷、挥发油、氨基酸、微量元素及有机酸、糖类、维生素等成分。药理研究表明,本品具有强心、能兴奋垂体-肾上腺皮质系统、能增强神经活动过程、促进造血系统功能、调节胆固醇代谢、增强机体免疫功能、增强性腺机能、降低血糖、抗炎、抗过敏、抗休克、抗利尿及抗肿瘤等多种作用。
白术,系菊科植物白术的根茎,主产于浙江、湖北、湖南等地,以浙江于潜产者最佳,称“于术”。本品甘苦性温,主归脾胃经,以益气健脾、燥湿利水为主要作用,还可止汗、安胎。《本草通玄》:“补脾胃之药,更无出其右者。土旺则能健运,故不能食者,食停滞者,有痞积者,皆用之也。土旺则能胜湿,故患痰饮者,肿满者,湿痹者,皆赖之也。土旺则清气善升,而精微上奉,浊气善除,而糟粕下输,故吐泻者,不可阙也。”主治脾气虚证、气虚自汗及脾虚胎动不安等证。现代研究表明,本品含挥发油、果糖、菊糖、白术多糖、多种氨基酸及维生素A类成分等。药理研究表明,本品具有促进小肠蛋白质的合成、促进细胞免疫功能、提升白细胞、保肝、利尿、降血糖、抗血凝、抗菌、抗肿瘤、双向调节肠管活动等多种作用。本品多煎服,炒用可增强补气健脾止泻作用。
炒山药,系薯蓣科植物薯蓣的根茎经过麸炒加工而成,主产于河南、湖南、江南等地,以河南怀庆府所产者品质最佳,称“怀山药”。本品性味甘平,归脾、肺、肾经,具有益气养阴、补脾肺肾、固精止带等功效。《神农本草经》:“补中,益气力,长肌肉。”主治脾虚证、肺虚证、肾虚证以及消渴气阴两虚等证。现代研究表明,本品含薯蓣皂苷元、黏液质、胆碱、淀粉、糖蛋白、游离氨基酸、维生素C、淀粉酶等成分。药理研究表明,本品具有促进小鼠细胞免疫和体液免疫功能、降血糖、抗氧化、双向调节肠管运动等作用。本品多煎服,麸炒可增强补脾止泻作用。
补骨脂,系豆科植物补骨脂的成熟果实,主产于陕西、河南、山西、江西、安徽、广东、四川、云南等地,秋季果实成熟时采收,晒干。本品苦辛温燥,归肾、脾经,具有补肾壮阳、温脾止泻、纳气平喘等功效。《药性论》:“治男子腰疼、膝冷、囊湿,逐诸冷顽痹,止小便利,腹中冷。”主治腰膝冷痛、五更泄泻、虚寒喘咳、阳痿、遗精、遗尿等。现代研究表明,本品含香豆素类、黄酮类及单萜酚类,具有调节神经和血液系统、增强免疫和内分泌功能、抗衰老等作用。
黄芪,系豆科植物蒙古黄芪或膜荚黄芪的根,主产于内蒙古、山西、黑龙江等地,春秋二季采挖,除去须根及根头,晒干,切片。本品甘温,归脾、肺经,具有补气健脾、益气固表、利尿消肿等功效。《本草汇言》:“补肺健脾,实卫敛汗,驱风运毒之药也。”主治脾气虚证、肺气虚证、气虚自汗、气血亏虚或疮疡难溃难腐等证。现代研究表明,本品含苷类、多糖、黄酮、氨基酸、微量元素等成分,具有促进机体代谢、抗疲劳、利尿、兴奋呼吸、增强和调节机体免疫功能、抗菌、抗衰老、抗缺氧、抗辐射、降血脂、保肝等多种作用。
茯苓,系多孔菌科真菌茯苓的干燥菌核,主产于云南、安徽、湖北、河南、四川等地,以云南所产者质较优,称“云苓”。本品味甘而淡,性平,归心、脾、肾经,具有健脾、宁心、利水渗湿等功效。《神农本草经》:“主胸胁逆气,忧奎惊邪恐悸,心下结痛,寒热,烦满,咳逆,口焦舌干,利小便。久服安魂、养神、不饥、延年。”主治脾虚泄泻、失眠、水肿、痰饮等证。现代研究表明,本品含β-茯苓聚糖、茯苓酸、蛋白质、脂肪、卵磷脂、胆碱、组氨酸、麦角淄醇等成分,具有利尿、镇静、抗肿瘤、降血糖、增加心肌收缩能力、增强免疫功能、护肝等多种作用。
陈皮,系芸香科植物橘及其栽培变种的干燥成熟果皮,主产于广东、福建、四川、浙江、江西等地,以陈久者为佳,故称陈皮。本品辛行温通,归脾、肺经,具有理气健脾、燥湿化痰等功效。《神农本草经》:“主胸中瘕热,逆气,利水谷,久服去臭,下气。”主治脾胃气滞证、呕吐、呃逆、湿痰、寒痰咳嗽、胸痹等。现代研究表明,本品含川陈皮素、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、橙皮素、对羟福林、黄酮化合物等,具有增强心脏收缩力、清除氧自由基、抗脂质过氧化、扩张气管、利胆、降低血清胆固醇等作用。
砂仁,系姜科植物阳春砂、绿壳砂或海南砂的干燥成熟果实,主产于广东、广西、云南、福建、海南、雷州半岛等地,于夏、秋间果实成熟时采收,晒干或低温干燥。本品辛散温通,气味芬芳,具有化湿行气、温中止泻、安胎等功效。《药性论》:“主冷气腹痛,止休息气痢,劳损,消化水谷,温暖脾胃。”主治脾胃虚寒吐泻、湿阻中焦及脾胃气滞等证。现代研究表明,本品含右旋樟脑、龙脑、柠檬烯等挥发油成分,具有增强胃的功能、促进消化液的分泌等作用。
九香虫,系蝽科昆虫九香虫的干燥体,主产于云南、四川、贵州、广西等地。本品味咸性温,气香走窜,归肝、脾、肾经,具有理气止痛、温肾助阳等功效。《本草纲目》:“主治膈脘滞气,脾肾亏损,壮元阳。”主治脘腹胀痛、腰膝冷痛、尿频、阳痿等证。现代研究表明,本品含九香虫油等成分,具有抗菌、促进机体新陈代谢等作用。本品多生用或用文火微炒用。
炙甘草,系豆科植物甘草、胀果甘草或光果甘草的根及根茎,主产于内蒙古、新疆、甘肃等地,以秋采者为佳。本品味甘性平,归心、肺、脾、胃经,具有补脾益气、祛痰止咳、缓急止痛、清热解毒、调和诸药等功效。《本草汇言》:“和中益气,补虚解毒之药也。”主治脾气虚、咳喘、脘腹疼痛等证。现代研究表明,本品含三萜类、黄酮类、生物碱、多糖等成分,具有抑制胃酸分泌、抗菌、抗炎、抗病毒、抗过敏、抗利尿、降脂、保肝等作用。
上述药物中,红参性微温,归肺、脾、心经,有补脾益肺、生津、安神等功效。主治肺脾心肾气虚证、元气虚脱等。本品一可补益脾气,改善倦怠乏力、食少便溏等脾气虚衰症状;二可补益肾气,可益气助勃;三可补益心气,可改善胸闷、失眠、健忘、脉虚等虚衰症状,故为君药。白术甘苦性温,主归脾胃经,具有益气健脾、燥湿利水的功效,主治脾气虚损诸证,可助红参补益脾气,以固后天之本。炒山药性味甘平,能补脾益气,滋养脾阴,归脾、肺、肾经,主治脾虚、肾虚诸证,助红参健脾胃、益肾气。补骨脂苦辛温燥,归肾、脾经,具有补肾壮阳、温脾止泻之功,主治脾肾阳虚、阳痿、腰膝冷痛等证,可助红参培土暖脾,助长肾阳。三者共为臣药。黄芪甘温,善入脾胃,为补中益气要药,主治倦怠乏力、食少便溏、表虚自汗等。茯苓味甘而淡,甘则能补,淡则能渗,药性平和,既可祛邪,又可扶正,本品能健脾渗湿而止泻,补益心脾而安神。红参、茯苓、白术、炙甘草为四君子汤,主要作用健脾益气,为治疗脾胃虚弱第一方,可协同山药、补骨脂、黄芪益气健脾、增阳助勃。陈皮辛行温通,有行气止痛、健脾和中之功,主治脾胃气滞、呃逆等证。砂仁辛散温通,气味芬芳,为醒脾调胃要药,主治脾胃气滞、脾胃虚寒等证。九香虫气香走窜、温通利膈而有行气止痛之功,主治脘腹胀痛、腰膝冷痛等证。五药共为佐药,起健脾、益气、补肾、助阳之功。炙甘草为使药,调和诸药。全方选药精细、组方严谨、有效组合、配伍得当、协同增效,共奏益气健脾、增阳助勃之功。该方并经临床应用,取得了良好的效果,其有关资料如下。
1西医诊断标准
参照《AUA勃起功能障碍诊疗指南》和“勃起功能IIEF-5国际问卷”的相关诊断标准拟定:男子在性刺激下,不能持续地达到或维持足够硬度的阴茎勃起以完成满意性交,且病程在3个月以上,IIEF-5积分≤21分,诊断为阳痿。
2中医辨证标准
中医证候诊断标准参照秦国政主编的《中医男科学》拟定脾虚证标准:
主症:临房阴茎不举、举而不坚或坚而不久;
次症:纳食减少,脘腹饱闷,神疲乏力,便溏;
舌脉:舌淡苔薄,脉弱。
具备主症1项+次症2项+舌脉即可诊断。
3纳入标准
①符合上述诊断及辨证标准者;
②病程为3-24个月的患者;
③年龄为30-50岁男性患者;
④已婚同居或未婚同居,居住条件良好者;
⑤签署知情同意书的患者。
4排除标准
①阳痿其他证型者;
②确诊的严重器质性阳痿患者;
③药物性及外伤性阳痿患者;
④近期服用或正在服用对本研究有影响的药物者;
⑤配偶有全身严重器质性疾病,不能充分配合者;
⑥合并严重心血管、脑血管疾病,肝、肾功能不全、造血系统等严重原发性疾病,严重心理疾病,精神病患者;
⑦过敏体质者。
5脱落标准与剔除标准
5.1退出试验病例标准
①出现过敏反应或严重不良事件者,根据医生判断应该停止者;
②病程中病情恶化,根据医生判断应该停止者;
③患者在临床试验过程中依从性较差,不愿意继续进行治疗者。
5.2病例的脱落及处理
脱落的定义:纳入观察病例,进入随机分组者,无论何时何因退出,只要没有完成方案所规定的观察周期者,均称为脱落病例。未满1个疗程症状消失自行停药者,不作为脱落病例。当受试者脱落后,询问理由、记录最后一次服药时间、完成所能完成的评估项目。因过敏反应、不良反应、治疗无效而退出者,应根据受试者实际情况,采取相应的治疗措施。凡是入选并已使用编号的病人,无论是否脱落,均应记录和保留病例观察表,进行资料汇总、统计分析。脱落病人无需另补。
5.3病例的剔除
未按医嘱应用药物治疗者;在随机化之后没有任何数据者给予剔除。
6分组及研究方法
110例筛选合格进入随机化试验的受试者按随机数字表法随机均分为2组,治疗组采用本发明中药治疗,对照组采用健脾丸治疗。本研究采用随机、平行、对照的临床试验方法,研究方案报请医院伦理委员会审批后进行。
7治疗方法
治疗组采用本发明中药治疗,每日1剂,水煎取汁400ml,分早晚两次饭后温服。对照组采用健脾丸,每日2次,每次10丸(浓缩丸),口服。2组均4周为1个疗程,疗程结束后统计疗效。
8观察指标
8.1主要效应指标:总有效率、中医证候评分(见表1)、勃起功能IIEF-5国际评分(见表2)
表1阳痿中医证候评分表
表2勃起功能IIEF-5国际评分表
8.2安全性评价指标:血压、脉搏、心电图、血、尿常规化验,肝、肾功能检查。
9疗效评定标准
依据《中药新药临床研究指导原则》(1993版)进行评定。
痊愈:中医临床症状、体征消失或基本消失,证候总评分减少≥90%;
显效:中医临床症状、体征明显改善,60%≤证候总评分减少<90%;
有效:中医临床症状、体征均有好转,30%≤证候总评分减少<60%;
无效:中医临床症状、体征均无改善,甚至加重,证候总评分减少<30%。
积分变化公式(尼莫地平法)为:[(治疗前总评分-治疗后总评分)÷治疗前总评分]×100%
总有效率=(痊愈+显效+有效)/总例数×100%
10统计方法
①计量资料:先进行正态性检验,符合正态分布者进行t检验或方差分析,方差分析前进行方差齐性检验。两组间比较采用t检验,不符合正态性分布者则采用两组间秩和检验;组内治疗前后自身比较采用配对t检验(Paired-Samples T Test),不符合正态性分布者则采用配对秩和检验(2Related Samples,Wilcoxon法)。多组间两两比较符合正态性分布、方差齐者采用方差分析(one-way ANOVA),两两组间比较用LSD法;不符合正态分布或方差不齐者用Wilcoxon秩和检验。
②计数资料:采用秩和检验,两两比较用Wilcoxon秩和检验;两个以上组间比较用Kruskal-Wallis检验。两个总体率(或构成比)之间比较,用χ2检验或确切概率法,多个样本率或构成比之间比较,采用列联表χ2检验。
③等级资料:采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验。α取0.05标准,以P<α为有显著性差异。
11结果
11.1两组患者总体疗效比较(见表3)
表3两组患者总体疗效比较(%)
组别 | n(例) | 痊愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) |
治疗组 | 55 | 14 | 23 | 14 | 4 | 92.73 |
对照组 | 55 | 6 | 17 | 19 | 13 | 76.36 |
注:两组总有效率比较,对照组为76.36%,治疗组为92.73%,χ2=5.636,P<0.05,有统计学意义。
11.2两组患者治疗前后中医证候总评分比较(见表4)
组别 | n(例) | 治疗前 | 治疗后 |
治疗组 | 55 | 13.2±5.2 | 4.11±2.85 |
对照组 | 55 | 12.8±5.1 | 8.47±2.36 |
注:两组于治疗前中医症候总评分比较无显著性差异,t=0.459,P=0.647>0.50;治疗后两组中医症候积分比较,t=0.145,P=0.021<0.05,故治疗后两组差别有统计学意义。
11.3两组患者治疗前后勃起功能IIEF-5国际总评分比较(见表5)
组别 | n(例) | 治疗前 | 治疗后 |
治疗组 | 55 | 9.56±2.88 | 22.1±2.85 |
对照组 | 55 | 9.60±2.65 | 16.47±2.36 |
注:两组于治疗前中医症候总评分比较无显著性差异,t=-0.641,P=0.924>0.50;治疗后两组中医症候积分比较,t=4.077,P<0.05,故治疗后两组差别有统计学意义。
11.4安全性指标异常率情况
经统计学处理,治疗组和对照组各项安全性指标血压、脉搏、心电图、血、尿常规化验,肝、肾功能,治疗前后比较均无显著差异(P>0.05)。
11.5不良反应
在服药的不同阶段,两组患者均无明显不良反应发生。血压、脉搏、心电图、血、尿常规化验,肝、肾功能未见明显异常。
六、结论
由上述表明,本发明中药稳定可靠,治疗效果好,见效快,无毒副作用,在治疗脾虚型阳痿上,能明显改善患者勃起功能,减少脘腹饱闷、神疲乏力、便溏等症状,降低中医证候总评分及勃起功能IIEF-5国际总评分,为脾虚型阳痿提供了良好的治疗条件,有效率达到92.73%,是中医药学上的一大创造,有实际的临床意义,是治疗脾虚型阳痿药物上的一大创新,有良好的社会和经济效益。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药,其特征在于,由以下原料药物:红参8-12g、白术14-16g、炒山药14-16g、补骨脂10-14g、黄芪16-20g、茯苓12-16g、陈皮8-12g、砂仁8-12g、九香虫5-7g和炙甘草5-7g制成,将各原料药物混合在一起,放入容器中,加水700-900ml浸泡20-30分钟,武火煎至沸腾后,改为文火煎煮15-25分钟,过滤,留滤液即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药,其特征在于,由以下原料药物:红参8g、白术14g、炒山药14g、补骨脂10g、黄芪16g、茯苓12g、陈皮8g、砂仁8g、九香虫5g和炙甘草5g制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药,其特征在于,由以下原料药物:红参10g、白术15g、炒山药15g、补骨脂12g、黄芪18g、茯苓14g、陈皮10g、砂仁10g、九香虫6g和炙甘草6g制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的治疗脾虚型阳痿的中药,其特征在于,由以下原料药物:红参12g、白术16g、炒山药16g、补骨脂14g、黄芪20g、茯苓16g、陈皮12g、砂仁12g、九香虫7g和炙甘草7g制成。
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