CN107182776A - A kind of cross breeding method of strawberry - Google Patents
A kind of cross breeding method of strawberry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107182776A CN107182776A CN201710500417.8A CN201710500417A CN107182776A CN 107182776 A CN107182776 A CN 107182776A CN 201710500417 A CN201710500417 A CN 201710500417A CN 107182776 A CN107182776 A CN 107182776A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- seedling
- bud
- hybridizing
- strawberry
- breeding
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
- A01H1/027—Apparatus for pollination
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cross breeding method of strawberry, and it is cross-breeding with American-European kind (♀) × Japanese kind (♂) or Japanese kind (♀) × America and Europe's kind (♂), specifically includes following steps：After the pollen of collection male parent, maternal bud emasculation, pollination, seed collection, sowing, the cultivation by hybridizing seedling, the primary election for hybridizing seedling, the final election for hybridizing seedling, the final election of hybridization seedling, final final election goes out the steps such as target strain.The first familiar generation that this method is cultivated is by American-European kind together with the sets of advantages of Japanese kind, and the new varieties selected have the advantages that quality is excellent, yield is high, hardness is big, disease resistance is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, more particularly to a kind of cross breeding method of strawberry.
Background technology
Strawberry belongs to rose family Fragaria herbaceos perennial, and fruit colour is gorgeous, is of high nutritive value, is referred to as in fruit
Queen, is well received by consumers.Strawberry occupies critical role in Fruits production, and Strawberry industry turns into China's fruit industry to be sent out
One of exhibition most fast industry, more than 2,000,000 mu of current China strawberry area, the t of annual production more than 200 ten thousand, the first in the world, wherein 85%
For facility cultivation.Wherein protecting field forcing culture (shallow dormancy kind) Strawberry ripening morning, price are high, from field planting to maturation normally only
The time of 3 first quarter moons is needed, the time of fruit maturation typically starts from mid-December, can be largely ripe to New Year's Day and the Spring Festival,
Now strawberry is the unique fresh fruit of in the market, and price is unusual in 40 yuan/kilogram to 160 yuan/kilogram, economy effect according to area
Benefit is very notable.
The shallow dormancy main breed of the suitable forcing culture of current China mainly includes American-European kind " sweet tea Charlie " and Japanese product
Plant " a chapter Ji " and " beauty " etc..The American-European general hardness of kind is big, better resistance, yield are high, and fresh food quality difference is not by Consumption of China
Person welcomes；Japanese variety and quality is excellent, but fruit is soft, disease resistance is poor, numerous seedling difficult, seriously constrains the health of China's strawberry industry
Development.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the defect for solving above-mentioned prior art presence, there is provided a kind of quality is excellent, yield is high, hardness
Greatly, the cross breeding method of the strong strawberry of disease resistance.
A kind of cross breeding method of strawberry, it is characterised in that with American-European kind (♀) × Japanese kind (♂) or Japanese product
Plant (♀) × American-European kind (♂) to be cross-breeding, specifically include following steps：
Step 1：Gather the pollen of male parent；
Step 2：Maternal bud emasculation, pollination；
When being pollinated, pollination contact head uses the solid paper web that newspaper is rolled into, and paper web one end is whittled into cone with knife,
The one end cut dips pollen, and contact head gently contacts epiclinal column cap and completes pollination；Then newspaper bag is put, and report
Paper bag stitch is real；
Step 3：Seed collection；
Strawberry fruit is picked when fruit is fully ripe and seed is collected with beater, is dried in the shade in room temperature and room temperature is deposited
Put 10d；
Step 4：Sowing；
Step 5：Grow directly from seeds by the cultivation for hybridizing seedling, the primary election for hybridizing seedling, the final election for hybridizing seedling, hybridization
After the final election of seedling, final final election goes out target strain.
Further, method as described above, including：The pollen of male parent is gathered described in step 1 to be included：From paternal plant
Just budding, healthy and strong bud is taken, the petal on bud is peeled off with the pincet of tip, the stamen inside bud
Take off, stamen is placed on clean template, make its natural loose powder.
Further, in method as described above, step 2 before being pollinated, including：The selection flower that a bud just ready to burst
Flower bud, bud is carefully peeled off with the tweezers of tip, removes the stamen inside bud, selects to be pollinated during calm, fine day 10 to 16.
Further, being sowed in method as described above, step 4 includes：Seed is encased with gauze in 30 DEG C of temperature before sowing
24h is soaked in water, the seed with gauze, which is put into 0 DEG C~7 DEG C refrigerator moisture keepings, afterwards refrigerates 7d, and treated seed point is sowed at
In hole tray, 2~4mm of program request depth.
Further, method as described above, the cultivation of the hybridization seedling includes：Cross hybrid seedling in seedlings nursing plate is grown to
During with 2~3 true leaves, plant and arrive seedling breeding garden, Routine Management.
Further, method as described above, after final election goes out target strain, in addition to：Regional testing：To what is filtered out
Target strain is in different eco-species growing areas, the regional testing of continuous 3 years of progress；It is steady that the strain of regional testing such as shows character
Determine, meet breeding objective, then new lines are authorized and named.
Beneficial effect：
The invention provides a kind of cross breeding method of strawberry, the first familiar generation that this method is cultivated is by American-European kind and day
Be kind sets of advantages together, the new varieties selected have the advantages that quality is excellent, yield is high, hardness is big, disease resistance is strong；
The present invention uses newspaper paper web to have the advantages that to injure pistil stigma small, saving pollen, uniform pollination as pollinating tool；This
Invention newspaper bag entangles allocarpy, can guarantee that the flower just pollinated not by the advantage of other pollen contaminations；The present invention uses report
Paper bag good permeability, can guarantee that the normal growth and development of allocarpy；The method of present invention beater harvest hybrid seed has
Advantage more than efficiency high, harvest seed；The type of seeding of the present invention has the advantages that emergence rate is high, it is neat to emerge.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below technical scheme in the present invention carry out it is clear
Chu, it is fully described by, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention provides a kind of cross breeding method of strawberry, comprise the following steps：
1st, it is cross-breeding with American-European kind (♀) × Japanese kind (♂) or Japanese kind (♀) × America and Europe's kind (♂).
2nd, the pollen of male parent is gathered：Take that a bud just ready to burst from paternal plant, healthy and strong bud, with the pincet of tip
The petal on bud is peeled off, carefully the stamen inside bud is taken off, stamen is placed on clean template, makes it
Natural loose powder.It is mounted in after pollen dispersed is good stand-by in medical vial.
3rd, female parent selection：Growth selection is healthy and strong, plant that is being endangered without disease pest is used as female parent.
4th, maternal bud emasculation, pollination：The selection bud that a bud just ready to burst, carefully peels off bud with the tweezers of tip, goes
Fall the stamen inside bud, select to be pollinated during calm, fine day 10 to 16, the solid paper that pollination contact head is rolled into using newspaper
Cylinder, paper web one end is whittled into cone with knife, and the one end cut is put into the medical vial of full blossom powder and dips pollen, contact head
Gently contact epiclinal column cap and complete pollination；Then put the newspaper bag pasted, fasten small label, and with nylon rope report
Paper bag stitch is real.
5th, seed collection：Strawberry fruit is picked when fruit is fully ripe and seed is collected with beater, in room temperature
Dry in the shade and room temperature storage 10d.
6th, sow：Seed being encased with gauze before sowing and 24h being soaked in 30 DEG C of warm water, the seed with gauze is put into afterwards
0 DEG C~7 DEG C refrigerator moisture keepings refrigerate 7d, treated seed point are sowed in hole tray, 2~4mm of program request depth.
7th, the cultivation of seedling is hybridized：When cross hybrid seedling in seedlings nursing plate is grown to 2~3 true leaves, plant and arrive seedling
Cultivate garden, Routine Management.
8th, the primary election of seedling is hybridized：The hybridization seedling direct planting cultivated to primary election garden, carried out according to breeding objective
The identification of character：Including fruit quality, fruit shapes, fruit color, the hardness of fruit, plant yield, plant disease resistance etc., so that
Tentatively select the excellent strain of target.
9th, the final election of seedling is hybridized：The identification of character is carried out according to breeding objective to the excellent strain selected, fruit product are included
Matter, fruit shapes, fruit color, the hardness of fruit, plant yield, plant disease resistance etc., so that final election goes out target major clique.
10th, the final election of seedling is hybridized：The major clique gone out to final election continues to carry out contrast screening according to breeding objective, final to determine
Select target strain.
11st, regional testing：To the target strain that filters out in different eco-species growing areas, the region examination of continuous 3 years is carried out
Test.
12nd, the authorization of new varieties：The strain of regional testing such as shows character stabilization, meets breeding objective, then to new product
It is to be authorized and named.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still may be used
To be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic；
And these modification or replace, do not make appropriate technical solution essence depart from various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme spirit and
Scope.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cross breeding method of strawberry, it is characterised in that with American-European kind (♀) × Japanese kind (♂) or Japanese kind
(♀) × American-European kind (♂) is cross-breeding, and specifically includes following steps：
Step 1：Gather the pollen of male parent；
Step 2：Maternal bud emasculation, pollination；
When being pollinated, pollination contact head uses the solid paper web that newspaper is rolled into, and paper web one end is whittled into cone with knife, cut
One end dip pollen, contact head gently contacts epiclinal column cap and completes pollination；Then newspaper bag is put, and newspaper bag
Stitch is real；
Step 3：Seed collection；
Strawberry fruit is picked when fruit is fully ripe and seed is collected with beater, dried in the shade and room temperature storage in room temperature
10d；
Step 4：Sowing；
Step 5：By the cultivation for hybridizing seedling, the primary election for hybridizing seedling, the final election for hybridizing seedling, hybridization seedling
After final election, final final election goes out target strain.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including：The pollen of male parent is gathered described in step 1 to be included：From
Take that a bud just ready to burst on paternal plant, healthy and strong bud, the petal on bud is peeled off with the pincet of tip, bud
The stamen of the inside is taken off, and stamen is placed on clean template, makes its natural loose powder.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2 before being pollinated, including：Selection is in bud
Bud to be put, bud is carefully peeled off with the tweezers of tip, removes the stamen inside bud, when selecting calm, fine day 10 to 16
Pollinated.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that sowing includes in step 4：Before sowing seed is encased with gauze
24h is soaked in 30 DEG C of warm water, the seed with gauze, which is put into 0 DEG C~7 DEG C refrigerator moisture keepings, afterwards refrigerates 7d, by treated kind
Son point is sowed in hole tray, 2~4mm of program request depth.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cultivation of the hybridization seedling includes：In seedlings nursing plate
When cross hybrid seedling is grown to 2~3 true leaves, plant and arrive seedling breeding garden, Routine Management.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that after final election goes out target strain, in addition to：
Regional testing：To the target strain that filters out in different eco-species growing areas, the regional testing of continuous 3 years is carried out；Region
The strain of experiment such as shows character stabilization, meets breeding objective, then new lines is authorized and named.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710500417.8A CN107182776A (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2017-06-27 | A kind of cross breeding method of strawberry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710500417.8A CN107182776A (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2017-06-27 | A kind of cross breeding method of strawberry |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107182776A true CN107182776A (en) | 2017-09-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710500417.8A Pending CN107182776A (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2017-06-27 | A kind of cross breeding method of strawberry |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111316920A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-06-23 | 蚌埠海上明珠农业科技发展有限公司 | Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry |
| CN111345238A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-06-30 | 蚌埠海上明珠农业科技发展有限公司 | Hybrid strawberry of rosette and agaricus blazei |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111316920A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-06-23 | 蚌埠海上明珠农业科技发展有限公司 | Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry |
| CN111345238A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-06-30 | 蚌埠海上明珠农业科技发展有限公司 | Hybrid strawberry of rosette and agaricus blazei |
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Application publication date: 20170922 |
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