CN111316920A - Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry - Google Patents
Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN111316920A CN111316920A CN202010295529.6A CN202010295529A CN111316920A CN 111316920 A CN111316920 A CN 111316920A CN 202010295529 A CN202010295529 A CN 202010295529A CN 111316920 A CN111316920 A CN 111316920A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry, which is characterized in that a Japanese variety 'Fengxiang' is taken as a male parent, and an American variety 'all-star' is taken as a female parent for hybrid breeding, wherein the hybrid breeding method comprises the following steps: firstly, pollen of a male parent is collected, female parent flowers and bones are emasculated and pollinated, seeds are collected and sowed, and hybrid seedlings are screened according to fruit quality, fruit shape, fruit color, fruit hardness, plant yield and plant disease resistance to obtain the Fengxiang Quanmingxing hybrid strawberry. The strawberry provided by the invention has the advantages of strong tillering property, medium maturity, easiness in generation of stolons, strong seedling propagation capacity, small number of single inflorescence flowers and high natural fruit setting rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of strawberry planting, in particular to a Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry.
Background
At present, the main cultivated varieties of strawberry facility cultivation in China are more in Japan and European and American varieties. The Japanese variety has good quality and strong fragrance, but has poor storability and disease resistance; the European and American variety has large fruit size, high hardness, storage and transportation resistance, disease resistance, sour taste and light taste, and is not suitable for Chinese taste. The newly introduced new strawberry variety 'Hongyan' in recent years has excellent quality, but is not resistant to transportation and anthracnose, difficult in seedling culture and high in planting difficulty. In addition, diseases such as powdery mildew, anthracnose, gray mold and the like pose serious threats to the production of strawberries.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry which is resistant to powdery mildew, resistant to storage and transportation, novel in fruit type and resistant to high temperature.
The invention provides a Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry which is characterized in that a Japanese variety 'Fengxiang' is taken as a male parent, and an American variety 'all-star' is taken as a female parent for hybrid breeding, wherein the hybrid breeding method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting pollen of a male parent, emasculating and pollinating flowers and bones of a female parent, collecting seeds, sowing the seeds, and screening hybrid seedlings according to fruit quality, fruit shape, fruit color, fruit hardness, plant yield and plant disease resistance to obtain the Fengxiang Quanmingxing hybrid strawberry;
the cultivation method of the hybrid strawberry of rose and octopus comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting soil which is convenient to drain and irrigate and loose in texture, uniformly mixing the soil and fertilizer to obtain a mixture, loading the fermented mixture into a transparent box, exposing the transparent box to the sun for 5 days, keeping the temperature in the transparent box at 55-65 ℃, then performing film covering fermentation on the mixture for 30 days at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, adding a proper amount of nutrient solution every 10 days, and stirring once;
s2, selecting strong tissues to culture stolons and strong seedlings with high quality;
s3, planting in high-ridge double-row mode, wherein the row spacing is 25-30 cm, the planting spacing is 15-20 cm, and each 667m2Planting 7500-8000 plants;
s3, spraying pesticides, irrigating thoroughly, pollinating by bees, keeping the moisture in the field and cultivating by using a double-layer greenhouse;
in S1, the method of preparing the fertilizer includes the steps of: soaking the corn leaves in a baking soda solution for 10-15 hours, taking out the corn leaves and drying the water attached to the corn leaves; then crushing the corn leaves, wherein the crushed granularity is 1-3 mm; uniformly mixing the crushed corn leaves with plant ash, and standing for three days at the temperature of-35 to-20 ℃ after the mixing is finished.
Preferably, the arch back of the new strawberry stem faces the outer side of the ridge surface during planting.
Preferably, the initial flowering period is sprayed with 0.5% monopotassium phosphate for 5-7 times every 10 days for 1 time.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the crushed corn leaves to the plant ash is 1.5-2: 1.
Preferably, when the soil is mixed with the fertilizer, the mushroom bran is added, and the weight of the mushroom bran is 0.05 times of that of the soil.
The strawberry provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the method is characterized by being high in plant growth vigor, high in vertical growth, high in plant height of 12-15 cm, large in single plant expansion degree and 35cm in crown diameter of × 40cm, three compound leaves, approximately round in shape, without leaf ears, with 20-23 leaf edges and dark green leaves, good in inflorescence continuous reproduction, thick, long in stem, large and white in flower, 5-6 in number of amphoteric flowers and 25-30 in stamens;
(2) the fruit is in a cone shape, the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the fruit are 6cm × 4.5.5 cm, the average single fruit weight of the first-order fruit is 27.0g, the maximum single fruit weight is 51g, the seeds are flush with the fruit surface, the distribution is uniform, the color of the fruit is light red, the glossiness is good, the pulp is tough, the sour and sweet are moderate, and the fragrance is strong;
(3) growth result habit: the tillering performance is strong, the seedling propagation capacity is strong, the number of single inflorescence flowers is small, and the natural fruit setting rate is high;
(4) stress resistance: has moderate resistance to anthracnose and gray mold and strong resistance to powdery mildew.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry is crossbred by taking a Japanese variety Fengxiang as a male parent and an American variety 'all-star' as a female parent, and the crossbred method comprises the following steps: collecting pollen of a male parent, collecting strong bones and buds containing buds from a male parent plant, peeling petals on the bones and buds by using pointed small tweezers, carefully taking down the stamens on the inner sides of the bones and the buds, putting the stamens on clean parchment paper to naturally loose pollen, putting the scattered pollen in a medical small glass bottle for later use, emasculating and pollinating the female parent bones and the flowers, selecting the buds containing the buds, carefully peeling the buds by using the pointed tweezers, removing the stamens on the inner sides of the buds, selecting a windless and sunny day 10-16 for pollination, wherein a solid paper tube rolled by newspaper is adopted as a pollination contact head, one end of the paper tube is cut into a conical shape by a knife, the cut end of the paper tube is put in the medical small glass bottle containing the pollen for dipping, and the contact head lightly contacts with a stigma on a receptacle to finish the pollination; then, a pasted newspaper bag is sleeved, a small label is tied, the newspaper bag is bound with a nylon rope to be solid, seeds are collected and sowed, and the hybrid seedling is screened according to the fruit quality, the fruit shape, the fruit color, the fruit hardness, the plant yield and the plant disease resistance, so that the rose Chaoji hybrid strawberry is obtained.
The cultivation method of the hybrid strawberry of the hypsizigus rosea comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting soil with convenient drainage and irrigation and loose texture, mixing the soil and fertilizer uniformly to obtain a mixture, loading the fermented mixture into a transparent box, exposing the transparent box to sunlight for 5 days, keeping the temperature in the transparent box at 55-65 ℃, then performing film covering fermentation on the mixture for 30 days at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, adding a proper amount of nutrient solution every 10 days, and stirring once. The preparation method of the fertilizer comprises the following steps: soaking the corn leaves in a baking soda solution for 10-15 hours, taking out the corn leaves and drying the water attached to the corn leaves; then crushing the corn leaves, wherein the crushed granularity is 1-3 mm; uniformly mixing the crushed corn leaves with plant ash, and standing for three days at the temperature of-35 to-20 ℃ after the mixing is finished.
S2, selecting strong tissues to culture stolons with good quality and strong seedlings, wherein the standard of the good quality and strong seedlings is as follows: the plant is short and strong, the thickness of the rootstock is 1.2cm for short and strong, the thickness of the rootstock is more than 1.2cm, and the developed root system is more than 10.
S3, planting in high-ridge double-row mode, wherein the row spacing is 25-30 cm, the planting spacing is 15-20 cm, and each 667m27500-8000 plants are planted, and the arch back of the new stem of the strawberry faces the outer side of the ridge surface during planting.
And S3, keeping the field moisture, and spraying 0.5% monopotassium phosphate for 1 time every 10 days at the initial flowering stage for 5-7 times.
S4, spraying pesticides, irrigating thoroughly, pollinating by bees, keeping the moisture in the field and cultivating by using a double-layer greenhouse; the temperature rise starting period is that the differentiation of terminal inflorescence buds is completed, the differentiation of lateral inflorescence buds is started, the temperature of the temperature rise initial stage is controlled to be 25-28 ℃ in the daytime and 13-15 ℃ in the nighttime, the temperature of the flowering phase is controlled to be 22-24 ℃ in the daytime and 7-10 ℃ in the nighttime, the temperature of the fruit expansion phase is controlled to be 17-20 ℃ in the daytime and 5-10 ℃ in the nighttime, and the temperature of the harvesting phase is controlled to be 15-20 ℃ in the daytime and 3-.
The hybrid strawberry of rosette and agaricus has the following advantages:
(1) the plant growth vigor is strong, the plant grows vertically, the plant is high in height of 12-15 cm, the single plant has large opening degree, the crown diameter is 35cm and × 40cm, the leaf diameter of three compound leaves is approximately circular, the leaf is free of leaf ears, the leaf margin of each leaf is 20-23 teeth, the color of each leaf is dark green, the inflorescence is good in continuous germination, the flower is thick and strong, the stem is long, the flower is large, white, the flower is amphoteric, the number of the flower is 5-6, and the stamens are 25-30 (see table 1).
TABLE 1 strawberry variety morphological characteristics questionnaire
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry is characterized in that a Japanese variety 'Fengxiang' is taken as a male parent, and an American variety 'all-star' is taken as a female parent for hybrid breeding, and the hybrid breeding method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting pollen of a male parent, emasculating and pollinating flowers and bones of a female parent, collecting seeds, sowing the seeds, and screening hybrid seedlings according to fruit quality, fruit shape, fruit color, fruit hardness, plant yield and plant disease resistance to obtain the Fengxiang Quanmingxing hybrid strawberry;
the cultivation method of the hybrid strawberry of rose and octopus comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting soil which is convenient to drain and irrigate and loose in texture, uniformly mixing the soil and fertilizer to obtain a mixture, loading the fermented mixture into a transparent box, exposing the transparent box to the sun for 5 days, keeping the temperature in the transparent box at 55-65 ℃, then performing film covering fermentation on the mixture for 30 days at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, adding a proper amount of nutrient solution every 10 days, and stirring once;
s2, selecting strong tissues to culture stolons and strong seedlings with high quality;
s3, performing field planting in a high-ridge double-row mode, wherein the row spacing is 25-30 cm, the plant spacing is 15-20 cm, and 7500-8000 plant field planting per 667m is performed;
s3, spraying pesticides, irrigating thoroughly, pollinating by bees, keeping the moisture in the field and cultivating by using a double-layer greenhouse;
in S1, the method of preparing the fertilizer includes the steps of: soaking the corn leaves in a baking soda solution for 10-15 hours, taking out the corn leaves and drying the water attached to the corn leaves; then crushing the corn leaves, wherein the crushed granularity is 1-3 mm; and uniformly mixing the crushed corn leaves with plant ash, and standing for three days at the temperature of minus 35 to minus 20 ℃ after the mixture is completely mixed.
2. The Fengxiang Quanmingxing hybrid strawberry of claim 1, wherein the arch back of the new stem of the strawberry faces the outside of the ridge surface during planting.
3. The Fengxiang Quanxing hybrid strawberry of claim 1, wherein the initial flowering stage is sprayed with 0.5% monopotassium phosphate 1 time every 10 days for 5-7 times.
4. The Fengxiang Quanmingxing hybrid strawberry of claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the crushed corn leaves to plant ash is 1.5-2: 1.
5. The Fengxiang Quanmingxing hybrid strawberry of claim 1, wherein mushroom bran is added when the soil is mixed with fertilizer, the weight of mushroom bran is 0.05 times the weight of soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010295529.6A CN111316920A (en) | 2020-04-15 | 2020-04-15 | Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010295529.6A CN111316920A (en) | 2020-04-15 | 2020-04-15 | Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry |
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| CN111316920A true CN111316920A (en) | 2020-06-23 |
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| CN202010295529.6A Pending CN111316920A (en) | 2020-04-15 | 2020-04-15 | Fengxiang all-star hybrid strawberry |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080256672P1 (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-10-16 | State Of Israel, Ministry Of Agriculture & Rural Development, Agricultural Research Organization | Strawberry plant named 'Tamir' |
| CN107182776A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-22 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | A kind of cross breeding method of strawberry |
| CN110839487A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-28 | 合肥市都宝利农业科技有限公司 | Strawberry planting method |
-
2020
- 2020-04-15 CN CN202010295529.6A patent/CN111316920A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080256672P1 (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-10-16 | State Of Israel, Ministry Of Agriculture & Rural Development, Agricultural Research Organization | Strawberry plant named 'Tamir' |
| CN107182776A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-22 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | A kind of cross breeding method of strawberry |
| CN110839487A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-28 | 合肥市都宝利农业科技有限公司 | Strawberry planting method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王桂霞 等: "草莓品种‘星都2号’", 《园艺学报》 * |
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Application publication date: 20200623 |