CN107182318B - Multifunctional peanut seeder and method for summer peanut disaster-reducing and efficiency-increasing cultivation by using multifunctional peanut seeder - Google Patents
Multifunctional peanut seeder and method for summer peanut disaster-reducing and efficiency-increasing cultivation by using multifunctional peanut seeder Download PDFInfo
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- CN107182318B CN107182318B CN201710342489.4A CN201710342489A CN107182318B CN 107182318 B CN107182318 B CN 107182318B CN 201710342489 A CN201710342489 A CN 201710342489A CN 107182318 B CN107182318 B CN 107182318B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
- A01B49/025—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven about a substantially vertical axis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional peanut seeder and a method for carrying out summer peanut disaster-reducing and efficiency-increasing cultivation by using the same. The summer peanut disaster-reducing and efficiency-improving cultivation method comprises the steps of time-saving stubble cleaning, soil loosening, fertilizer arrangement, ridging, sowing, seed coating agent spraying, seed burying, water tape laying, herbicide spraying, film covering, punching, soil covering and under-film drip irrigation watering. The multifunctional peanut seeder and the method for summer peanut disaster-reducing and efficiency-increasing cultivation by using the multifunctional peanut seeder have the characteristics of automatic punching, reduction of labor input and reduction of labor intensity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional peanut seeder and a method for disaster-reducing and efficiency-increasing cultivation of summer peanuts by using the multifunctional peanut seeder.
Background
In rural planting field, peanut seeding is a comparatively troublesome operation, traditional method is through the artifical back that levels of milling ridging with iron, in the same direction as ridge manual seeding again, in recent years, along with the development of agricultural mechanization, automatic punching formula peanut seeder through tractor traction use has appeared in the market, though can carry out the ridging simultaneously, level, fertilize and sow, but behind the summer direct seeding peanut ridging tectorial membrane, unable automation is perforated on the membrane, be unfavorable for reducing the earth's surface temperature, burn the seedling easily during seeding in summer, rainwater that can not in time absorb water, need the manual work to perforate on the tectorial membrane, a large amount of human input has been increased.
The patent with publication number CN105706553A applied by the inventor before discloses an automatic punching type peanut seeder, which comprises a frame, a fertilizer box, a seed box, a ridging coulter, a ditching coulter and an earth covering coulter, wherein the fertilizer box and the seed box are respectively arranged on the upper part of the frame, the ridging coulter, the ditching coulter and the earth covering coulter are respectively arranged on the lower part of the frame, the lower part of the seed box is provided with a seed sowing device, a compaction wheel is arranged between the ditching coulter and the earth covering coulter, the rear part of the frame is provided with a film covering frame, walking wheels are arranged on two sides of the frame, two walking wheels are connected through a walking wheel shaft, a walking wheel gear is arranged on the walking wheel shaft, and the walking wheel gear is connected with an input gear on an input shaft of a gearbox through a rack, be provided with output gear on the output shaft of gearbox, output gear passes through the rack and links to each other with the kind of gear that falls on the kind of seed case, and the frame lower part at tectorial membrane frame rear portion is provided with the press mold wheel, and the rear portion of press mold wheel is provided with the press wheel that punches, the press wheel that punches include the wheel body and set up the protruding stand on the wheel body outer periphery, the press wheel that punches pass through connecting device and link to each other with the frame, connecting device include axis of rotation, left end plate, right end plate, connecting plate and connecting rod, the wheel body setting of the press wheel that punches in the axis of rotation, the both ends of axis of rotation are provided with left end plate and right end plate respectively, link to each other through the connecting plate between left end plate and the right end plate, connecting plate upper portion is passed through the connecting rod and is linked to each other with the frame. The automatic drilling machine has the characteristics of automatic drilling, reduction of labor input, reduction of labor intensity, contribution to reduction of ground surface temperature, prevention of seedling sowing and burning in summer, timely absorption of rainwater, breaking of hardening of covering soil on a film and the like.
The inventor finds in practice that the automatic punching type peanut seeder is adopted to solve problems in peanut seeding operation, and the problems mainly comprise: the field required by the device is a very flat field, and for a light and thin object such as a plastic film, the field is slightly fluctuated, and the plastic film is easily scratched by film covering and punching, so that the sowing is seriously influenced; when the ridging coulter, the ditching coulter and the earth covering coulter are used for ridging, ditching and earth covering, the depth of the ridging, the ditching and the earth covering is difficult to master, the ridging, the ditching and the earth covering efficiency are low, particularly when earth is covered on the surface of a plastic film, a uniform optimal earth covering layer of 3-4cm cannot be formed, the earth covering is not uniform, the thickness of a thick place is easy to harden, sunlight is injected into the local part of the thin place in summer to heat up, and the seedling emergence of peanuts is not facilitated; after wheat is harvested in summer, summer peanut seeding needs to be sowed in a time-saving mode, in the high-temperature weather, soil moisture is difficult to preserve in soil, and the seeding by adopting the device has the defect of low emergence rate.
Disclosure of Invention
The multifunctional peanut seeder has the characteristics of automatic punching, reduction of manpower input and reduction of labor intensity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
The utility model provides a multifunctional peanut seeder, includes the tractor and installs the frame in the tractor rear end, be equipped with in the frame in the past backward in proper order and loosen soil the device, fertilizer lays the device, ridging device, seeder, seed coating agent sprinkler, seed bury device, hosepipe laying device, herbicide sprinkler, tectorial membrane device, perforating device, earthing device.
The device that loosens the soil includes the axis of rotation of the horizontal setting of the below of the front end of frame, and the axis of rotation links to each other with the device gearbox that loosens the soil that sets up the axis of rotation top on the frame, and the device gearbox that loosens the soil links to each other with the gearbox of tractor through first universal joint transmission shaft. And a plurality of soil loosening cutters are arranged on the radial peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and soil loosening operation is realized through the soil loosening cutters.
The ridging device is walking wheels arranged on the right side and the left side of the middle of the frame, and the central connecting line of the two walking wheels is parallel to the central axis of the rotating shaft. The width of the walking wheels is 30-40cm, and the distance between the two walking wheels is 50-60cm. The radius of the road wheel is not less than 20cm. The length of the rotating shaft is not less than the distance between the right side surface of the walking wheel on the right side of the rack and the left side surface of the walking wheel on the left side of the rack. When the tractor moves forwards, the soil loosened by the soil loosening cutter is pressed into a ridge shape by the two walking wheels, and the ridging operation is completed.
The seeding device is a seeder, the seeder is provided with two seed falling ports, and the two seed falling ports are respectively close to the right side and the left side of the rack and close to the rear end of the travelling wheel.
The seed burying device comprises upright rods positioned behind various seed falling ports, and the two upright rods are positioned in the same plane and the plane where the two upright rods are positioned is parallel to the central axis of the rotating shaft. The height of the bottom surface of the vertical rod from the top surface of the rack is smaller than the height of the bottom surface of the walking wheel from the top surface of the rack. The distance between the two upright posts is slightly smaller than the distance between the two walking wheels. When the two walking wheels roll backwards, the two vertical rods push soil on two sides of the top surface of the ridge formed by the ridge forming device to the center of the ridge, so that the seeds under sowing are buried.
The water hose laying device comprises a water hose support, a water hose transverse shaft and a water hose disc, wherein the water hose transverse shaft is mounted on the water hose support, the water hose disc capable of rotating along the central axis of the water hose transverse shaft is mounted on the water hose transverse shaft, and the water hose with holes is wound on the water hose disc. The rotating wheels which can rotate along the central axis of the water belt cross shaft are arranged right below the middle part of the water belt cross shaft, the diameters of the two ends of the rotating wheels are larger than that of the middle part of the rotating wheels, and the central axis of the rotating wheels is parallel to the central axis of the water belt cross shaft. A limiting sleeve is arranged below the rotating wheel, the front end of the limiting sleeve is connected with a limiting connecting rod, and the front end of the limiting connecting rod is hinged with the front end of the rack through a first connecting hinge.
The film covering device comprises a plastic film transverse shaft and a plastic film pressing device, wherein the plastic film transverse shaft is positioned below the bottom surface of the rack and behind the two vertical rods, a plastic film rotating disc capable of rotating along the central axis of the plastic film transverse shaft is installed on the plastic film transverse shaft, and a plastic film is wound on the plastic film rotating disc. The plastic film pressing device comprises two first stand columns which are respectively arranged on the right side and the left side behind a transverse shaft of a plastic film on the frame body, the bottom end of each first stand column is hinged with a first lever, a first pressing wheel is arranged on the bottom end of each first lever, and the top end of each first lever is connected with the first stand column through a first tension spring.
The punching device comprises two second stand columns which are respectively arranged between the two first stand columns on the frame body, the bottom end of each second stand column is hinged with a second lever, and the top end of each second lever is connected with the second stand column through a second tension spring. A rotary cross shaft is installed between the bottom ends of the two second levers, a punching tool used for punching is arranged on the radial peripheral surface of the rotary cross shaft, and the punching tool is a punching column or a punching cone.
The soil covering device comprises two third stand columns which are respectively arranged on the right side and the left side of the rear end of the frame, a cage soil spade is fixed at the bottom end of each third stand column, and the cage soil spade is in a spade shape or a bowl shape which is narrow at the rear and wide at the front. A soil spreading cylinder cross shaft is arranged between the two cages of soil shovels at the rear end of the rack, two mounting bearings are sleeved on the soil spreading cylinder cross shaft, and soil spreading devices are respectively mounted at two ends of the soil spreading cylinder cross shaft. The soil spreading device comprises a plurality of rollers which are positioned on the outer peripheral surface of a cross shaft of the soil spreading barrel and are perpendicular to the central axis of the cross shaft of the soil spreading barrel, the rollers are connected to the outer peripheral surface of the cross shaft of the soil spreading barrel through a plurality of first connecting rods, the left side surface of the roller on the left side of the cross shaft of the soil spreading barrel and the right side surface of the roller on the right side of the cross shaft of the soil spreading barrel are respectively connected with the soil spreading barrel through second connecting rods, and the central axes of the rollers, the soil spreading barrel and the cross shaft of the soil spreading barrel are overlapped. The inner side surface of the wall of the soil scattering cylinder is provided with a plurality of convex edges which are arrayed along the central axis of the soil scattering cylinder in an annular mode. The wall of the soil spreading cylinder is provided with a plurality of holes.
A cross rod is arranged right above a cross shaft of the soil scattering barrel at the rear end of the rack, the front end of the middle part of the cross rod is connected with two longitudinal rods, and the front ends of the longitudinal rods are hinged with the rack through second connecting hinges. The middle part of the longitudinal rod is connected with the lower position of the second connecting hinge on the machine frame through a third tension spring. The cross rod is respectively connected with the mounting bearing right below the cross rod through two vertical connecting rods, and the right end and the left end of the cross rod are placed on the rack. A soil spreading device gearbox capable of driving the soil spreading cylinder to rotate is arranged between two mounting bearings on the soil spreading cylinder cross shaft. The soil scattering device gearbox is connected with the soil scattering device gearbox driving device through a second universal joint transmission shaft. The second connecting hinge and the soil scattering device gearbox driving device are both located below the water hose support, and the height from the second connecting hinge to the ground is larger than the height from the soil scattering device gearbox driving device to the ground.
As a preferred technical scheme, a plurality of fifth mounting holes are formed in the vertical connecting rod, and the vertical connecting rod is connected with the cross rod through fifth screws in the fifth mounting holes. By adopting the technical scheme, the gap between the soil spreading device and the plastic film can be adjusted, and the adaptability of the device to uneven ground is improved.
As the preferred technical scheme, be equipped with on the front end of frame and be triangle-shaped's stores pylon, first connecting hinge sets up on the top of stores pylon, and the left and right both ends of the top of stores pylon and bottom all link to each other through the rear end of connecting plate with the tractor. By adopting the technical scheme, the position of the rack can be finely adjusted conveniently. The connecting plate is provided with a plurality of connecting holes and is connected with the hanging rack through screws.
And a plurality of fourth mounting holes are longitudinally formed in the vertical rod, and the vertical rod is connected with the frame through fourth screws in the fourth mounting holes. By adopting the technical scheme, the depth of the ridge-entering surface of the vertical rod can be adjusted.
As preferred technical scheme, vertically be equipped with a plurality of first mounting holes on the first stand, first stand passes through first screw and frame screw connection on the first mounting hole. By adopting the technical scheme, the pressing force of the first pressing wheel can be adjusted, and the manual operation of a human can be simulated.
As preferred technical scheme, a plurality of second mounting holes are longitudinally formed in the second upright post, and the second upright post is connected with the machine frame through second screws in the second mounting holes. By adopting the technical scheme, the pressing force of the rotary transverse shaft can be adjusted, and the manual operation of a human can be simulated.
As a preferred technical scheme, a plurality of third mounting holes are longitudinally formed in the third upright column, and the third upright column is connected with the rack through third screws in the third mounting holes. By adopting the technical scheme, the soil penetration depth of the cage soil shovel can be adjusted.
As preferred technical scheme, weedicide sprinkler includes that weedicide holds bucket, weedicide shower nozzle, and the weedicide holds the bucket and passes through the weedicide pipeline and be connected with the weedicide shower nozzle. The seed coating agent spraying device comprises a seed coating agent containing barrel and a seed coating agent spray head, wherein the seed coating agent containing barrel is connected with the seed coating agent spray head through a seed coating agent pipeline, and the seed coating agent spray head is close to a seed dropping opening.
As the preferred technical scheme, the fertilizer distributing device comprises a fertilizer box and a blanking port, wherein the blanking port is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box and is positioned above the soil loosening cutter.
As the preferred technical scheme, be equipped with vertical shelves pole on the horizontal pole, the bottom of vertical shelves pole contacts with the trailing flank of cage soil spade.
The method for carrying out disaster-reducing and efficiency-increasing cultivation on summer peanuts by adopting the multifunctional peanut seeder adopting any scheme comprises the following steps:
step 1: after wheat is harvested in summer, a stubble cleaner is adopted to rush in the field for stubble cleaning, and residual straws and stubble piles in the field harvested by the harvester are ploughed and buried down by the stubble cleaner.
Step 2: the multifunctional peanut seeder adopting any one of the schemes loosens soil, lays fertilizers, ridging, sowing, sprays seed coating agents, buries seeds, lays water hoses, sprays herbicides, coats films, punches and covers soil.
And step 3: drip irrigation under the film through water band.
Further, the thickness of the covering soil is 3-4cm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
scarification device, fertilizer laying device, ridging device, seeding device, seed coating agent spraying device, seed burying device, water belt laying device, herbicide spraying device, film covering device, punching device and soil covering device
1. The frame passes through the stores pylon and installs on the tractor, acquires power from the tractor through first universal joint transmission shaft (5), and the position of frame is adjusted in convenient fine setting, can bring the power of great horsepower for the cutter that loosens the soil simultaneously, and it is efficient to loosen the soil, has created good condition for follow-up ridging.
2. The ridging machine has the advantages that a method of ridging by adopting a ridging coulter in the prior art is abandoned, the width and the height of the walking wheels are increased, the walking wheels are adopted for direct ridging, and the walking wheels are not provided with a driving device independently due to the fact that the machine frame is pulled by a tractor, so that the ridging effect is good.
3. The seed coating agent spraying device sprays the seed coating agent on the seeds and the seeds are used for germination; when sowing, the seeds are buried by the seed burying device with a simple structure, so that the herbicide is not directly sprayed on the seeds, and the emergence rate is improved.
4. Tectorial membrane device, perforating device adopt the mode and the perforating device of flexible suppression to be located in the middle of the tectorial membrane device, can adjust tectorial membrane, the dynamics of punching, even the place is not very level, can not cut the plastic film yet, has effectively improved tectorial membrane, the quality of punching.
5. The earthing device is singly provided with power to rotate automatically, the height of the earthing device is adjustable, the earth spreading cylinder does not press the plastic film any more, even if the field is not very flat, the plastic film cannot be scratched, the earthing is uniform, an even covering soil layer is easy to form, and the problem that in the prior art, the earthing is not uniform, thick places are easy to harden, and the local heating is not beneficial to the emergence of peanuts when sunlight is injected into the thin places in summer is solved.
6. And pipelines are laid under the film immediately after the sowing is finished, so that the problems that the sowing of summer peanuts needs to be performed in a time-saving manner after the wheat is harvested in summer, and the soil moisture in the soil is difficult and the emergence rate is low in high-temperature weather at the time are solved thoroughly.
7. The ground surface temperature is favorably reduced, seeding and seedling burning are prevented in summer, rainwater can be absorbed in time, and hardening of earth covering on the film is broken; the coating of workers is changed into spraying of a machine, so that the seeds are prevented from peeling while diseases are prevented and the humidity is increased; the fertilizer is changed into ground application, the fertilizer application depth is reduced, and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a left side view of an embodiment 1 of the multifunctional peanut seeder of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a portion a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of part B of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the portion C of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a right side view of the multi-function peanut seeder embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a rear view of the multi-functional peanut seeder embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a portion D of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of part E of fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a portion F of fig. 6.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a portion G of fig. 6.
Fig. 11 is a left side view of the multi-functional peanut seeder embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a portion H of fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the portion I of fig. 11.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of portion J of fig. 11.
Fig. 15 is a rear view of the multi-function peanut seeder of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a portion K of fig. 15.
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the portion L of fig. 15.
Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a portion M of fig. 15.
Fig. 19 is a right side view of the multi-function peanut seeder embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Wherein: a frame-1; (ii) a A rotating shaft-2; a scarifier gearbox-3; a traveling wheel-4; a first universal joint transmission shaft-5; a soil loosening cutter-6; a seeder-7; a seed dropping opening is-8; a vertical rod-9; water band-10; a water band bracket-11; horizontal axis-12 of water belt; a water belt disc-13; an eyelet-14; a rotating wheel-15; a stop collar-16; a limit connecting rod-17; transverse axis-18 of plastic film; plastic film rotating disc-19; plastic film-20; a first upright-21; a first lever-22; a first pinch roller-23; a first tension spring-24; rotating the horizontal shaft-25; a punch-26; a second upright-27; a second lever-28; a second tension spring-29; a third upright-30; a cage shovel-31; a horizontal shaft-32 of the soil spreading cylinder; mounting a bearing-33; a drum-34; a first connecting rod-35; a second connecting rod-36; a soil spreading cylinder-37; a rib-38; -39; a hanging rack-40; a connecting plate-41; a fourth mounting hole-42; a fourth screw-43; a first mounting hole-44; a first screw-45; a second mounting hole-46; a second screw-47; a third mounting hole-48; a third screw-49; a herbicide holding barrel-50; herbicide spray-head-51; herbicide line-52; a seed coating agent holding barrel-53; seed coating agent spray head-54; seed coating pipeline-55; a fertilizer can-56; a blanking port-57; a cross-bar-58; a vertical connecting rod-59; a longitudinal bar-60; a second connecting hinge-61; a soil spreading device gearbox-62; a second cardan drive shaft-63; a third tension spring-64; a soil spreading device gearbox drive device-65; a first connecting hinge-66; a fifth mounting hole-67; a fifth screw-68; vertical stop-69.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Example 1. As shown in fig. 1 to 10, a multifunctional peanut seeder comprises a tractor and a frame 1 installed at the rear end of the tractor, wherein a soil loosening device, a fertilizer laying device, a ridging device, a seeding device, a seed coating agent spraying device, a seed burying device, a water band laying device, a herbicide spraying device, a film covering device, a punching device and a soil covering device are sequentially arranged on the frame 1 from front to back.
The device that loosens the soil includes the rotation axis 2 of the horizontal setting of the below of the front end of frame 1, and rotation axis 2 links to each other with the device gearbox 3 that loosens the soil that sets up 2 tops of rotation axis on the frame, and the device gearbox 3 that loosens the soil links to each other with the gearbox of tractor through first universal joint transmission shaft 5. The radial outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a plurality of soil loosening tools 6, and soil loosening operation is achieved through the soil loosening tools 6.
The ridging device is walking wheels 4 arranged on the right side and the left side of the middle part of the frame 1, and the central connecting line of the two walking wheels 4 is parallel to the central axis of the rotating shaft 2. The width of the walking wheels 4 is 30-40cm, and the distance between the two walking wheels 4 is 50-60cm. The radius of the road wheel 4 is not less than 20cm. The length of the rotating shaft 2 is not less than the distance between the right side surface of the travelling wheel 4 on the right side of the frame 1 and the left side surface of the travelling wheel 4 on the left side of the frame 1. When the tractor moves forwards, the soil loosened by the soil loosening cutter 6 is pressed into a ridge shape by the two travelling wheels 4, and the ridging operation is completed.
The seeding device is a seeder 7, the seeder 7 is provided with two seed falling ports 8, and the two seed falling ports 8 are respectively close to the right side and the left side of the frame 1 and close to the rear end of the walking wheel 4.
The seed buries the device and includes the pole setting 9 that is located each kind of mouth 8 rear, coexistence pole 9 in the coplanar and the plane of place is on a parallel with the axis of rotation 2. The height from the bottom surface of the upright stanchion 9 to the top surface of the frame is less than the height from the bottom surface of the walking wheel 4 to the top surface of the frame. The distance between the two upright stanchions 9 is slightly smaller than the distance between the two travelling wheels 4. When the two traveling wheels 4 roll backwards, the two standing rods 9 push the soil on the two sides of the top surface of the ridge raised by the ridge forming device to the center of the ridge, so that the seeds sown are buried.
The water hose laying device comprises a water hose support 11, a water hose 10, a water hose transverse shaft 12 and a water hose disc 13, wherein the water hose transverse shaft 12 is installed on the water hose support 11, the water hose disc 13 capable of rotating along the central axis of the water hose transverse shaft 12 is installed on the water hose transverse shaft 12, and the water hose 10 with perforations 14 is wound on the water hose disc 13. The rotating wheels 15 capable of rotating along the central axis of the water belt transverse shaft 12 are arranged right below the middle of the water belt transverse shaft 12, the diameters of the two ends of the rotating wheels 15 are larger than that of the middle of the rotating wheels 15, and the central axis of the rotating wheels 15 is parallel to the central axis of the water belt transverse shaft 12. A limiting sleeve 16 is arranged below the rotating wheel 15, the front end of the limiting sleeve 16 is connected with a limiting connecting rod 17, and the front end of the limiting connecting rod 17 is hinged with the front end of the rack 1 through a first connecting hinge 66.
The film covering device comprises a plastic film transverse shaft 18 and a plastic film pressing device, wherein the plastic film transverse shaft 18 is positioned below the bottom surface of the rack and behind the two vertical rods 9, a plastic film rotating disc 19 capable of rotating along the central axis of the plastic film transverse shaft 18 is installed on the plastic film transverse shaft, and a plastic film 20 is wound on the plastic film rotating disc 19. The plastic film pressing device comprises two first upright posts 21 which are respectively arranged on the right side and the left side behind a transverse shaft 18 of a plastic film on the frame body, the bottom end of each first upright post 21 is hinged with a first lever 22, the bottom end of each first lever 22 is provided with a first pressing wheel 23, and the top end of each first lever 22 is connected with the first upright post 21 through a first tension spring 24. The first lever 22 and the second lever 28 are perpendicular to the central axis of the rotating shaft 2.
The punching device comprises two second upright columns 27 which are respectively arranged between the two first upright columns 21 on the frame body, the bottom ends of the second upright columns 27 are hinged with a second lever 28, and the top ends of the second levers 28 are connected with the second upright columns 27 through second tension springs 29. A rotary transverse shaft 25 is installed between the bottom ends of the two second levers 28, a punching tool 26 for punching is arranged on the radial outer peripheral surface of the rotary transverse shaft 25, and the punching tool 26 is a punching column or a punching cone.
The soil covering device comprises two third upright posts 30 which are respectively arranged on the right side and the left side of the rear end of the frame 1, a cage soil spade 31 is fixed at the bottom end of each third upright post 30, and the cage soil spade 31 is in a spade shape or a bowl shape which is narrow at the rear and wide at the front. A soil spreading cylinder transverse shaft 32 is arranged between two cages of soil shovels 31 at the rear end of the frame 1, two mounting bearings 33 are sleeved on the soil spreading cylinder transverse shaft 32, and soil spreading devices are respectively mounted at two ends of the soil spreading cylinder transverse shaft 32. The soil spreading device comprises a roller 34 which is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft 32 through a plurality of first connecting rods 35 which are positioned on the outer peripheral surface of the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft 32 and are perpendicular to the central axis of the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft 32, a soil spreading barrel 37 is connected to the left side surface of the roller on the left side of the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft 32 and the right side surface of the roller on the right side of the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft 32 through second connecting rods 36, and the central axes of the roller 34, the soil spreading barrel 37 and the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft 32 are overlapped. The inner side surface of the wall of the soil spreading cylinder 37 is provided with a plurality of convex edges 38, and the convex edges 38 are annularly arrayed along the central axis of the soil spreading cylinder 37. The wall of the soil spreading cylinder 37 is provided with a plurality of holes 39.
A cross rod 58 is arranged right above a transverse shaft 32 of the soil spreading barrel at the rear end of the rack 1, two longitudinal rods 60 are connected to the front end of the middle part of the cross rod 58, and the front ends of the longitudinal rods 60 are hinged to the rack 1 through second connecting hinges 61. The middle part of the longitudinal rod 60 is connected with the lower position of the second connecting hinge 61 on the machine frame 1 through a third tension spring 64. The cross bar 58 is connected with the mounting bearing 33 right below the cross bar through two vertical connecting rods 59, and the right end and the left end of the cross bar 58 are placed on the frame 1. A soil spreading device gearbox 62 which can drive the soil spreading cylinder transverse shaft 32 to rotate is arranged between the two mounting bearings 33 on the soil spreading cylinder transverse shaft 32. The soil spreading device gearbox 62 is connected to a soil spreading device gearbox drive 65 via a second cardan drive shaft 63. The second connecting hinge 61 and the soil spreading device gearbox driving device 65 are both located below the water hose support 11, and the height of the second connecting hinge 61 from the ground is larger than that of the soil spreading device gearbox driving device 65 from the ground.
A plurality of fifth mounting holes 67 are formed in the vertical connecting rod 59, and the vertical connecting rod 59 is in screw connection with the cross rod 58 through fifth screws 68 arranged in the fifth mounting holes 67. By adopting the technical scheme, the gap between the soil spreading device and the plastic film can be adjusted, and the adaptability of the device to uneven ground is improved.
The front end of the rack 1 is provided with a triangular hanging rack 40, a first connecting hinge 66 is arranged on the top end of the hanging rack 40, and the left end and the right end of the top and the bottom of the hanging rack 40 are connected with the rear end of a tractor through a connecting plate 41. By adopting the technical scheme, the position of the rack can be finely adjusted conveniently. The connecting plate 41 is provided with a plurality of connecting holes, and the connecting plate is connected with the hanging rack 40 through screws.
A plurality of fourth mounting holes 42 are longitudinally arranged on the upright rod 9, and the upright rod 9 is in screw connection with the machine frame 1 through fourth screws 43 arranged on the fourth mounting holes 42. By adopting the technical scheme, the depth of the vertical rod in the ridge surface can be adjusted.
A plurality of first mounting holes 44 are longitudinally formed in the first upright post 21, and the first upright post 21 is in screw connection with the machine frame 1 through first screws 45 in the first mounting holes 44. By adopting the technical scheme, the pressing force of the first pressing wheel 23 can be adjusted, and the manual operation of a human can be simulated.
A plurality of second mounting holes 46 are longitudinally formed in the second upright post 27, and the second upright post 27 is in screw connection with the frame 1 through second screws 47 in the second mounting holes 46. By adopting the technical scheme, the pressing force of the rotary transverse shaft 25 can be adjusted, and the manual operation of a human can be simulated.
A plurality of third mounting holes 48 are longitudinally arranged on the third upright 30, and the third upright 30 is connected with the machine frame 1 through third screws 49 on the third mounting holes 48. By adopting the technical scheme, the soil penetration depth of the cage soil spade 31 can be adjusted.
The herbicide spraying device comprises a herbicide containing barrel 50 and a herbicide spray head 51, wherein the herbicide containing barrel 50 is connected with the herbicide spray head 51 through a herbicide pipeline 52. The seed coating agent spraying device comprises a seed coating agent containing barrel 53 and a seed coating agent spray head 54, the seed coating agent containing barrel 53 is connected with the seed coating agent spray head 54 through a seed coating agent pipeline 55, and the seed coating agent spray head 54 is close to the seed dropping opening 8
The fertilizer distributing device comprises a fertilizer box 56 and a blanking port 57, wherein the blanking port 57 is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box 56 and is positioned above the soil loosening cutter 6.
The travelling wheels 4 are iron wheels. The multifunctional peanut seeder is symmetrical left and right along the central axis of the bottom surface.
Example 2. As shown in fig. 11 to 19, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the cross bar 58 is provided with a vertical stop rod 69, and the bottom of the vertical stop rod 69 is contacted with the rear side surface of the cage soil spade 31.
Example 3. The summer peanut disaster-reducing and efficiency-increasing cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: after wheat is harvested in summer, a stubble cleaner is used for cutting the stubble in the field, and residual straws and stubble piles in the field harvested by the harvester are ploughed and buried by the stubble cleaner.
Step 2: the multifunctional peanut seeder of embodiment 1 or 2 is used for loosening soil, distributing fertilizer, ridging, sowing, spraying seed coating agent, burying seeds, paving water hoses, spraying herbicide, laminating, punching and covering soil.
And step 3: drip irrigation under the film through water band.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications based on the technical solutions described in the claims, and all equivalent changes or modifications should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention. The details of the present invention are not described in detail, but are known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. Multi-functional peanut seeder, including the tractor and install frame (1) at the tractor rear end, its characterized in that: the machine frame (1) is sequentially provided with a soil loosening device, a fertilizer laying device, a ridging device, a seeding device, a seed coating agent spraying device, a seed burying device, a water belt laying device, a herbicide spraying device, a film covering device, a punching device and a soil covering device from front to back;
the soil loosening device comprises a rotating shaft (2) transversely arranged below the front end of the rack (1), the rotating shaft (2) is connected with a soil loosening device gearbox (3) arranged above the rotating shaft (2) on the rack, and the soil loosening device gearbox (3) is connected with a gearbox of a tractor through a first universal joint transmission shaft (5); a plurality of soil loosening cutters (6) are arranged on the radial peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (2), and soil loosening operation is realized through the soil loosening cutters (6);
the ridging device is walking wheels (4) arranged on the right side and the left side of the middle of the rack (1), and the central connecting line of the two walking wheels (4) is parallel to the central axis of the rotating shaft (2); the width of the walking wheels (4) is 30-40cm, and the distance between the two walking wheels (4) is 50-60cm; the radius of the travelling wheel (4) is not less than 20cm; the length of the rotating shaft (2) is not less than the distance between the right side surface of the travelling wheel (4) on the right side of the rack (1) and the left side surface of the travelling wheel (4) on the left side of the rack (1); when the tractor moves forwards, the soil loosened by the soil loosening cutter (6) is pressed into a ridge shape by the two travelling wheels (4), and the ridging operation is completed;
the seeding device is a seeder (7), the seeder (7) is provided with two seed dropping ports (8), and the two seed dropping ports (8) are respectively close to the right side and the left side of the rack (1) and close to the rear end of the travelling wheel (4);
the seed burying device comprises upright rods (9) positioned behind the seed falling ports (8), the two upright rods (9) are positioned in the same plane, and the plane where the two upright rods are positioned is parallel to the central axis of the rotating shaft (2); the height from the bottom surface of the upright stanchion (9) to the top surface of the frame is less than the height from the bottom surface of the walking wheel (4) to the top surface of the frame; the distance between the two upright posts (9) is slightly smaller than the distance between the two travelling wheels (4);
when the two walking wheels (4) roll backwards, the two upright rods (9) push soil on two sides of the top surface of the ridge raised by the ridge forming device to the center of the ridge so as to bury the sown seeds;
the water hose laying device comprises a water hose support (11), a water hose (10), a water hose transverse shaft (12) and a water hose disc (13), wherein the water hose transverse shaft (12) is installed on the water hose support (11), the water hose disc (13) capable of rotating along the central axis of the water hose transverse shaft (12) is installed on the water hose transverse shaft (12), and the water hose (10) with a hole (14) is wound on the water hose disc (13); a rotating wheel (15) capable of rotating along the central axis of the water hose transverse shaft (12) is arranged right below the middle of the water hose transverse shaft, the diameters of two ends of the rotating wheel (15) are larger than the diameter of the middle of the water hose transverse shaft, and the central axis of the rotating wheel (15) is parallel to the central axis of the water hose transverse shaft (12); a limiting sleeve (16) is arranged below the rotating wheel (15), the front end of the limiting sleeve (16) is connected with a limiting connecting rod (17), and the front end of the limiting connecting rod (17) is hinged with the front end of the rack (1) through a first connecting hinge (66);
the film covering device comprises a plastic film transverse shaft (18) and a plastic film pressing device, wherein the plastic film transverse shaft (18) is positioned below the bottom surface of the rack and behind the two vertical rods (9), a plastic film rotating disc (19) capable of rotating along the central axis of the plastic film transverse shaft (18) is installed on the plastic film rotating disc (19), and a plastic film (20) is wound on the plastic film rotating disc (19); the plastic film pressing device comprises two first upright posts (21) which are respectively arranged on the right side and the left side behind a transverse plastic film shaft (18) on the frame body, the bottom end of each first upright post (21) is hinged with a first lever (22), the bottom end of each first lever (22) is provided with a first pressing wheel (23), and the top end of each first lever (22) is connected with the first upright post (21) through a first tension spring (24);
the punching device comprises two second upright columns (27) which are respectively arranged between the two first upright columns (21) on the frame body, the bottom end of each second upright column (27) is hinged with a second lever (28), and the top end of each second lever (28) is connected with the second upright column (27) through a second tension spring (29); a rotary transverse shaft (25) is mounted between the bottom ends of the two second levers (28), a punching tool (26) for punching is arranged on the radial outer peripheral surface of the rotary transverse shaft (25), and the punching tool (26) is a punching column or a punching cone;
the soil covering device comprises two third upright posts (30) which are respectively arranged on the right side and the left side of the rear end of the rack (1), a cage soil shovel (31) is fixed at the bottom end of each third upright post (30), and the cage soil shovel (31) is in a shovel shape or a bowl shape with a narrow back and a wide front; a soil spreading cylinder transverse shaft (32) is arranged between two cages of soil shovels (31) at the rear end of the frame (1), two mounting bearings (33) are sleeved on the soil spreading cylinder transverse shaft (32), and soil spreading devices are respectively mounted at two ends of the soil spreading cylinder transverse shaft (32); the soil spreading device comprises a roller (34) which is connected to the outer peripheral surface of a soil spreading barrel transverse shaft (32) through a plurality of first connecting rods (35) which are positioned on the outer peripheral surface of the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft (32) and are perpendicular to the central axis of the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft (32), soil spreading barrels (37) are respectively connected to the left side surface of the roller on the left side of the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft (32) and the right side surface of the roller on the right side of the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft (32) through second connecting rods (36), and the central axes of the roller (34), the soil spreading barrels (37) and the soil spreading barrel transverse shaft (32) are superposed; a plurality of convex edges (38) are arranged on the inner side surface of the wall of the soil spreading cylinder (37), and the convex edges (38) are arrayed in a ring shape along the central axis of the soil spreading cylinder (37); the wall of the soil spreading cylinder (37) is provided with a plurality of holes (39);
a cross rod (58) is arranged right above a transverse shaft (32) of the soil spreading barrel at the rear end of the rack (1), the front end of the middle part of the cross rod (58) is connected with two longitudinal rods (60), and the front ends of the longitudinal rods (60) are hinged with the rack (1) through second connecting hinges (61); the middle part of the longitudinal rod (60) is connected with the lower position of a second connecting hinge (61) on the rack (1) through a third tension spring (64); the cross rod (58) is respectively connected with the mounting bearing (33) right below the cross rod through two vertical connecting rods (59), and the right end and the left end of the cross rod (58) are placed on the rack (1); a soil scattering device gearbox (62) capable of driving the soil scattering cylinder transverse shaft (32) to rotate is arranged between the two mounting bearings (33) on the soil scattering cylinder transverse shaft (32); the soil spreading device gearbox (62) is connected with a soil spreading device gearbox driving device (65) through a second universal joint transmission shaft (63); the second connecting hinge (61) and the soil spreading device gearbox driving device (65) are both positioned below the water hose support (11), and the height of the second connecting hinge (61) from the ground is larger than the height of the soil spreading device gearbox driving device (65) from the ground;
a triangular hanging rack (40) is arranged at the front end of the rack (1), a first connecting hinge (66) is arranged at the top end of the hanging rack (40), and the left end and the right end of the top and the bottom of the hanging rack (40) are connected with the rear end of a tractor through a connecting plate (41); a plurality of fourth mounting holes (42) are longitudinally formed in the vertical rod (9), and the vertical rod (9) is in screw connection with the rack (1) through fourth screws (43) in the fourth mounting holes (42).
2. The multifunctional peanut seeder of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of fifth mounting holes (67) are formed in the vertical connecting rod (59), and the vertical connecting rod (59) is in screw connection with the cross rod (58) through fifth screws (68) in the fifth mounting holes (67).
3. The multifunctional peanut seeder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of first mounting holes (44) are longitudinally formed in the first upright post (21), and the first upright post (21) is in screw connection with the rack (1) through first screws (45) in the first mounting holes (44).
4. The multifunctional peanut seeder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of second mounting holes (46) are longitudinally formed in the second upright post (27), and the second upright post (27) is in screw connection with the rack (1) through second screws (47) in the second mounting holes (46).
5. The multifunctional peanut seeder of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of third mounting holes (48) are longitudinally formed in the third upright post (30), and the third upright post (30) is in screw connection with the machine frame (1) through third screws (49) in the third mounting holes (48).
6. The multifunctional peanut seeder of claim 1, wherein: the herbicide spraying device comprises a herbicide containing barrel (50) and a herbicide spray head (51), wherein the herbicide containing barrel (50) is connected with the herbicide spray head (51) through a herbicide pipeline (52); the seed coating agent spraying device comprises a seed coating agent containing barrel (53) and a seed coating agent spray head (54), wherein the seed coating agent containing barrel (53) is connected with the seed coating agent spray head (54) through a seed coating agent pipeline (55), and the seed coating agent spray head (54) is close to the seed dropping opening (8); the fertilizer distributing device comprises a fertilizer box (56) and a blanking port (57), wherein the blanking port (57) is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box (56) and is positioned above the soil loosening cutter (6).
7. The multifunctional peanut seeder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a vertical stop rod (69) is arranged on the cross rod (58), and the bottom of the vertical stop rod (69) is in contact with the rear side surface of the cage soil shovel (31).
8. The summer peanut disaster-reducing and efficiency-improving cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: after wheat harvested in summer is harvested, a stubble cleaner is used for cutting stubble in time, and residual straws and stubble piles in a field harvested by a harvester are ploughed, buried and pressed down by the stubble cleaner;
step 2: loosening soil, distributing fertilizer, ridging, sowing, spraying seed coating agent, burying seeds, paving water belts, spraying herbicide, covering films, punching and covering soil by using the multifunctional peanut seeder as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7;
and 3, step 3: drip irrigation under the film through water band.
9. The summer flower disaster-reducing synergistic cultivation method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: the thickness of the covering soil is 3-4cm.
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| CN201710342489.4A CN107182318B (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2017-05-15 | Multifunctional peanut seeder and method for summer peanut disaster-reducing and efficiency-increasing cultivation by using multifunctional peanut seeder |
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| CN108521914B (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2023-11-03 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Fertilizing, seeding, film covering and soil covering machine |
| CN109005703A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 田秀丽 | A kind of planting after plastic covered all-in-one machine |
| CN109275536A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-29 | 吉林省农业科学院 | One cultural method for cultivating peanut full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle |
| CN109041621A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2018-12-21 | 郑州市双丰机械制造有限公司 | A kind of high-efficiency multi-function peanut tectorial seeder |
| CN110214484A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-10 | 辽宁艾科农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Multifunctional seeder |
| CN115004906B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2024-02-06 | 华中农业大学 | Film cutting and punching type rape film laying and punching seeder |
| CN115486238B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2024-03-29 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Combined spraying and film covering seeding vehicle |
| CN115669336B (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Artemisia selengensis drill earthing planter |
| CN116420451B (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-11-24 | 山东常林机械集团股份有限公司 | Multifunctional seeder |
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| JP2007312727A (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-06 | Minoru Industrial Co Ltd | Sowing and mulching machine |
| JP4948043B2 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2012-06-06 | アグリテクノ矢崎株式会社 | Vertical seeding machine |
| CN201995317U (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2011-10-05 | 胡茂民 | Multifunctional sowing machine |
| CN202979639U (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2013-06-12 | 青海互丰农业科技集团有限公司 | Mulching film punch planter special for seed production of hybrid rape |
| CN203575033U (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-05-07 | 黑龙江省伽禾农业科技开发有限公司 | Multifunctional planter for plastic film mulching dry cultivation of paddy rice |
| CN105706553B (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-12-22 | 高唐县农业局 | Automatic punching formula groundnut planter |
| CN207201253U (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-04-10 | 高唐县润丰粮食种植专业合作社 | Multi-functional peanut seeder |
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