CN107171533B - 开关调节器 - Google Patents

开关调节器 Download PDF

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CN107171533B
CN107171533B CN201710129866.6A CN201710129866A CN107171533B CN 107171533 B CN107171533 B CN 107171533B CN 201710129866 A CN201710129866 A CN 201710129866A CN 107171533 B CN107171533 B CN 107171533B
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CN107171533A (zh
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河野明大
后藤克也
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Ablic Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1203—Circuits independent of the type of conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0032—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及开关调节器，构成为具备比较电路(20)、开关电路(21～23)以及开关控制电路(28)，并利用开关控制电路(28)的控制信号(S1～S3)来切换开关电路(21～23)，利用一个比较电路(20)来实现多个异常检测功能。由此，以低耗电来执行开关调节器的多个异常检测功能，并且减小半导体装置的占用面积。

Description

开关调节器
技术领域
本发明涉及开关调节器，特别涉及开关调节器的保护电路。
背景技术
开关调节器被用作各种各样的电子设备的电压供给源。从而，为了确保电子设备的安全性，各种保护功能成为重要的功能。
图2示出以往的开关调节器的电路图的一例。以往的开关调节器200具备反馈电阻6、基准电压电路12、比较电路10、R-S触发电路13、接通时间控制电路11、输出控制电路15、驱动电路16、驱动电路17、功率FET 2、功率FET 4、电感器3以及电容器5。另外，以往的开关调节器200具备电源电压监视电路30、过热保护电路40以及控制电路14作为保护电路。
以往的开关调节器200具备各种保护电路(例如，电源电压监视电路30、过热保护电路40)，而各自输出的检测信号输入到控制电路14。控制电路14接收各种保护电路的检测信号来控制比较电路10、输出控制电路15而从异常状态中保护电路。
电源电压监视电路30具备对电源电压进行检测的比较电路31(例如，参照专利文献1)。过热保护电路40具备对温度进行检测的比较电路41。
专利文献1：日本特开2009-296714号公报
在电源电压或温度等要监视的对象多的情况下，需要与这些对象相同数量的比较电路，导致半导体装置的面积增大。此外，由于消耗与比较电路的个数相应的电力，因此导致消耗电流增多。例如，即使以时分(时间分割)的方式使各比较电路进行动作，在比较电路的起动时，需要花费直到比较电路的动作稳定为止的时间，也会导致消耗掉不必要的电流。
发明内容
为了解决以往的课题，本发明的开关调节器如下构成。
一种开关调节器，其构成为具备比较电路、开关电路以及开关控制电路，并利用开关控制电路的控制信号来切换开关电路，利用一个比较电路来实现多个异常检测功能。
根据本发明的开关调节器，构成为仅仅设置一个比较电路，并且由开关电路来切换该比较电路的输入，由此获得多个检测功能，因此，能够减小半导体装置的占用面积，以低成本进行制造。另外，以时分的方式切换比较电路的输入，由此，与以时分的方式使多个比较电路交替地动作的情况相比，能够削减起动时间所需的消耗电流。
附图说明
图1是示出本实施方式的开关调节器的一例的电路图。
图2是示出以往的开关调节器的电路图。
标号说明
10、20：比较电路；11：接通时间控制电路；12、26、27：基准电压电路；13：R-S触发电路；15：输出控制电路；25：温度传感器；28：开关控制电路。
具体实施方式
图1是示出本实施方式的开关调节器的一例的电路图。
本实施方式的开关调节器100具备功率FET 2、功率FET 4、电感器3、电容器5、反馈电阻6、比较电路10、接通时间控制电路11、基准电压电路12、R-S触发电路13、输出控制电路15、驱动电路16、驱动电路17、比较电路20、开关电路21～23、分压电路24、温度传感器25、基准电压电路26、基准电压电路27以及开关控制电路28。
反馈电阻6连接于输出端子OUT与GND端子之间。比较电路10的输入端子连接于反馈电阻6的输出端子及基准电压电路12的输出端子。R-S触发电路13的置位端子S与比较电路10的输出端子连接，R-S触发电路13的复位端子R与接通时间控制电路11的输出端子连接，R-S触发电路13的输出端子Q连接于接通时间控制电路11的输入端子及输出控制电路15的输入端子。驱动电路16的输入端子与输出控制电路15的第一输出端子连接，驱动电路16的输出端子与功率FET 2的栅极连接。驱动电路17的输入端子与输出控制电路15的第二输出端子连接，驱动电路17的输出端子与功率FET 4的栅极连接。功率FET 2的源极与输入端子IN连接，功率FET 2的漏极连接于电感器3的一个端子及功率FET 4的漏极。输出端子OUT连接于电感器3的另一个端子及电容器5的一个端子。功率FET 4的源极与GND端子连接。电容器5的另一个端子与GND端子连接。
比较电路20的第一输入端子与开关电路21连接，比较电路20的第二输入端子与开关电路22连接，比较电路20的输出端子与开关电路23连接。关于开关电路21的输入端子，其数量仅仅是保护电路的数量，连接有例如电源电压检测用的分压电路24、过热保护用的温度传感器25。关于开关电路22的输入端子，其数量仅仅是保护电路的数量，连接有例如输出电压检测用的基准电压VREF1的基准电压电路26、输出过热保护用的基准电压VREF2的基准电压电路27。关于开关电路23的输出端子，其数量是多个，连接于例如比较电路10、输出控制电路15。开关控制电路28向开关电路21～23分别输出控制信号S1～S3，且向比较电路20输出控制信号SS。
上述开关调节器100如下那样进行动作而从异常状态中保护电路。
开关控制电路28以由输出控制电路15向驱动电路16输出的、使功率FET 2导通的信号为动机，向开关电路21～23输出使保护电路进行时分动作的控制信号S1～S3，且向比较电路20输出控制信号SS。
比较电路20在接收到控制信号SS时，例如因开关接通被供给工作电流，开始进行动作。
首先，控制信号S1使开关电路21与分压电路24连接，控制信号S2使开关电路22与基准电压电路26连接。从而，比较电路20对分压电路24输出的电压与基准电压VREF1进行比较，来执行对电源电压的下降进行检测的电源电压检测动作。此时，控制信号S3使开关电路23与输出控制电路15连接，在检测到电源电压的下降时，对输出控制电路15进行控制而使功率FET 2截止。
之后，开关控制电路28依次输出切换开关电路21及开关电路22的控制信号S1及控制信号S2，来切换异常检测功能。最后，控制信号S1使开关电路21与温度传感器25连接，控制信号S2使开关电路22与基准电压电路27连接。从而，比较电路20对温度传感器25输出的电压与基准电压VREF2进行比较，来执行对电路的过热进行检测的过热检测动作。此时，控制信号S3使开关电路23与输出控制电路15连接，在检测到电路的过热时，对输出控制电路15进行控制而使功率FET 2截止。
在此，开关控制电路28控制为通过控制信号SS使比较电路20的动作停止。
如以上说明那样，本实施方式的开关调节器100具备比较电路20、开关电路21～23以及开关控制电路28，并利用开关控制电路28的控制信号S1～S3来切换开关电路21～23，利用一个比较电路20来实现了多个异常检测功能，因此，能够减小半导体装置的占用面积，以低成本进行制造。另外，对一个比较电路20进行时分驱动来实现了多个异常检测功能，因此，能够降低半导体装置的消耗电流。
此外，本发明使用COT控制的同步整流型的电路进行了说明，但不限于该方式的开关调节器。
另外，用于实现保护功能的电路、监视项目或者开始监视的时机或顺序是一个示例，并不限于此。

Claims (2)

1.一种开关调节器，其特征在于，该开关调节器具备：
第一比较电路，其对第一基准电压和反馈电压进行比较；
输出控制电路，其根据所述第一比较电路的输出信号，输出导通截止控制信号；
功率FET，其被所述导通截止控制信号控制；
多个监视电路，它们用于实现多个保护功能；
第二比较电路；
第一开关电路及第二开关电路，它们切换所述多个监视电路与所述第二比较电路的第一输入端子及第二输入端子之间的连接，其中，所述多个监视电路的每一个的第一输出端子通过所述第一开关电路与所述第二比较电路的所述第一输入端子连接，所述多个监视电路的每一个的第二输出端子通过所述第二开关电路与所述第二比较电路的所述第二输入端子连接；
第三开关电路，其切换所述第二比较电路的输出端子与所述第一比较电路及所述输出控制电路的控制端子之间的连接；以及
开关控制电路，其向所述第一开关电路、所述第二开关电路及所述第三开关电路输出第一控制信号、第二控制信号及第三控制信号，
所述开关控制电路通过切换所述第一开关电路、所述第二开关电路及所述第三开关电路，使所述第二比较电路以时分的方式检测多个异常。
2.根据权利要求1所述的开关调节器，其特征在于，
所述开关控制电路通过向所述第二比较电路输出控制信号，使所述第二比较电路仅在检测所述多个异常时进行动作。
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