CN107027663A - A kind of indoor cement pit cultural method of the cabezon fingerling of artificial breeding - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of indoor cement pit cultural method of the cabezon fingerling of artificial breeding, it is characterized in that annual 5~June, the cabezon juvenile fish specification of artificial breeding reaches 2 4cm, carry out the domestication of salinity and bait, salt reduction speed is 2 ‰/day, final breeding water salinity maintains 11 15 ‰, the tame and docile bait material of juvenile fish is eel material, more than 90% juvenile fish ingests mixed feed, and have the cultivation that yearlings is carried out when robbing food phenomenon, cultivate to 11 December, below 15 DEG C of water temperature, cabezon is transferred to indoor cement pit overwintering culture, Second Year spring breeding water water temperature rises to more than 15 DEG C, cabezon survives the winter fingerling into young fish of two years, fingerlings of two years cultivation stages, support to before surviving the winter.The survival rate of cabezon is up to 72% 82%, and overwintering survival rate is easy to operate more than 90%, it is easy to promote.

Description

A kind of indoor cement pit cultural method of the cabezon fingerling of artificial breeding

Technical field

The present invention relates to the indoor cement pit cultural technique of the cabezon fingerling of cabezon cultivation, especially artificial breeding.

Background technology

Cabezon (Sebastiscus marmoratus) belongs to Rockfish shape mesh, Rockfish suborders, Rockfish sections, Chang Rockfish category, to warm up warm nature bottom Layer fish, live in coastal waters cay area, and ovoviviparity, property is violent, and fine and tender taste is tasty, with higher economic value.At present, On the mainly cage culture of propagating artificially of cabezon, and seed is mainly caught from the trapping of natural waterses net cage, fishing or cage is captured , not yet there is the report that cement pit is cultivated in cabezon room, manually supported especially with the cabezon seed of artificial breeding Grow.

The content of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of indoor cement pit cultural method of the cabezon fingerling of artificial breeding.

Technical scheme includes the salinity of cabezon juvenile fish, bait domestication, the cultivation of yearlings, overwintering culture Four steps are cultivated with young fish of two years, fingerlings of two years, it is characterized in that annual 5~June, the cabezon juvenile fish specification of artificial breeding reaches 2- 4cm, proceeds by the domestication of salinity and bait, and indoor cement pit adds salinity 11-15 ‰ natural estuarine water to gradually reduce daily Salinity, salt reduction speed is 2 ‰/day, and final breeding water salinity is maintained after the completion of 11-15 ‰, salinity domestication, changes sea within every 2 days Once, quantity of exchanged water is 50%-70% to water, controls the temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C, salinity is poor≤and ± 0.5, every morning and afternoon feed two Secondary natural bait；The domestication of bait is carried out after the completion of salinity domestication, the tame and docile bait material of juvenile fish is eel material, by powdery eel when feeding Diameter about 1mm soft pellet diet is made in fish material, feeds, is being fed at a underwater 40-50cm in the intensive corner fixed point of fish Placing bait platform, the mesh of bait table mesh 30 accepts the bait do not ingested, attracts fish to pinpoint feed of ingesting, and each pond sets 1-3 It is individual to feed a little, frequency is fed 1 time a day, to suction out the feed and excrement impurity do not ingested, such as more than 90% juvenile fish in time daily Ingest mixed feed, and rob food phenomenon, cultivation pool water level is now lowered to 20cm, brown Chang is pulled out with the soft bolting silk net of 20 mesh Rockfish juvenile fish carries out the cultivation of yearlings, stops eating 1 day before moving pond；Cement pit cultivation breeding density 30-50 tails in yearlings room/ m², temperature is indoor nature temperature, and intensity of illumination is 500-800Lx, and air blower blowing aeration places 0.5-1/m of gas stone², support Grow with salinity water 10-15 ‰, dissolved oxygen ＞ 5mg/L, feed soft pellet diet, it is big to grow different phase adjustment particle according to fish Small, using the form of jettisoninging, below 25 DEG C of temperature, the feeding no longer to ingest with more than 95% cabezon of feed is stopped, and is thrown daily Feed twice, temperature more than 25 DEG C, as cabezon rob eat it is not violent or only no more than 5% fish ingest i.e. stop feed, daily Feed once, daily soil pick-up once, changes water for 3-5 days once, and quantity of exchanged water is 60-70%, control the temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C, salinity is poor ≤ ± 0.5, pond was fallen every 30-50 days once；Cultivation is to 11-12 months, and below 15 DEG C of water temperature, cabezon is transferred to indoor cement pit Overwintering culture, the overwintering culture of cabezon is carried out at room temperature, and water temperature is below 13 DEG C, and the intensity of feeding of cabezon substantially subtracts It is weak, less than 10 DEG C, do not ingest substantially, 1 diameter 3mm soft pellet diet is fed daily, more than 95% cabezon is not ingested It can stop feeding, air blower blowing aeration, place 0.5~1/m of gas stone², breeding water salinity 10-15 ‰, every 2 days soil pick-ups one It is secondary, to change within 7-10 days water once, quantity of exchanged water is 50-70%, control the temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C, salinity is poor≤and ± 0.5, every 40-60 My god, pond is once；Second Year spring breeding water water temperature rises to more than 15 DEG C, and cabezon fingerling of surviving the winter is cultivated into young fish of two years, fingerlings of two years Stage, air blower blowing aeration places 0.5~1/m of gas stone², breeding water salinity 10-15 ‰, the long 8- of fingerling body after surviving the winter 10cm, breeding density 20-30 tail/m², air blower blowing aeration, 0.5-1/m of gas stone density², powdery compound feed is watered system Soft particle into diameter 4mm is fed at the intensive place of fish, 2 times a day, is no longer ingested to 95% fish and is stopped feeding, summer water temperature is high In 25 DEG C, as cabezon rob eat it is not violent or only no more than 5% fish ingest i.e. stop feed, feed daily 1 time, daily inhale It is dirty once to change within 3-5 days water once, quantity of exchanged water 60-70%, the control temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C, salinity is poor≤and ± 0.5, every 30-50 It once, is so supported to before surviving the winter in pond.

The present invention outstanding feature be：1) cultivation density can be improved using indoor cement pit cultivation cabezon, saves cultivation Space；2) cement pit is carried out indoors for cabezon cultivation, it is easy to O＆E, is added the controllability of cabezon cultivation, is carried High aquaculture management level；3) indoor ingesting for cement pit cultivation cabezon is easy to observation, can be fed according to actual conditions, And residual bait is removed in time, the waste of feed is reduced, cultivation water is improved；4) indoor cement pit cultivates the survival rate of cabezon Up to 72%-82%, overwintering survival rate is more than 90%, higher than the 67.1%-72.8% of net cage monoculture survival rate；5) cultivate Cabezon wild nature weakens, and has well adapted to indoor cement pit environment, more more high-quality are provided for the full artificial breeding of cabezon Parent.The present invention is easy to operate, it is easy to is accepted and promotes.

Embodiment

The embodiment of the present invention is tamed by the salinity of juvenile fish, bait, the cultivation of yearlings, overwintering culture and two Age fingerling cultivates four step compositions, specifically carries out according to the following steps：

The salinity of juvenile fish, bait domestication：5~June, the cabezon juvenile fish specification of artificial breeding reaches 2-4cm, using room Interior cement pit 20-30m², breeding density 200-300 tails/m², 0.5-1/m of gas stone², ingest and activity it is normal in the case of, The domestication of salinity and bait is proceeded by, adds salinity 11-15 ‰ natural estuarine water to gradually reduce salinity daily, salt reduction speed is 2 ‰/day, final breeding water salinity maintains 11-15 ‰, and salinity domestication is completed for general 3-5 days, afterwards, changes seawater one within every 2 days Secondary, quantity of exchanged water is 50%-70%, controls the temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C, salinity is poor≤and ± 0.5, every morning and afternoon feed day twice Right bait (such as Copepods, cladocera, oppossum shrimp)；The domestication of bait is carried out after the completion of salinity domestication, the tame and docile bait material of juvenile fish is Eel material (powdery), is made soft pellet diet when feeding, preparation method is divided into making by hand makes two kinds with granulator, by hand system The method for making soft pellet diet is the water for taking appropriate eel material (powdery), plus the 80-100% of eel material weight, and stirring by hand is rubbed Be twisted into the agreeable to the taste soft particle of fish, the method flexible and convenient, the starting stage of convenient bait domestication, now fish ingest less, treat The increase of fish food ration can make soft pellet diet using granulator, and method is to take appropriate eel material (powdery), plus eel material weight 10-20% water, and stir by hand, held with feed agglomerating, one is touched to dissipate and is advisable, and feed then is put into granulator Be squeezed into small-sized soft particle, the soft pellet diet specification that the method makes is uniform, can batch making, and can be changed according to fish size Panel, produces different size of feed, it is adaptable to large-scale cultivation, and juvenile fish tames and dociles the soft particle diameter 1mm left sides made in the food stage The right side, now with now doing, takes a small amount of multiple, the mode of jettisoninging is fed, and is fed in the intensive corner fixed point of fish, can feed a underwater The square bait table that the length of side is 45cm is placed at 40-50cm, the mesh of bait table mesh 30 is accepted the bait do not ingested, also can use In attracting fish to pinpoint feed of ingesting, each pond sets 1-3 to feed a little, and initially feeding should not feed excessively, when ingesting According to circumstances can throw more, at the same reduce living body bait feed frequency for 1 time a day, suction out in time daily the feed do not ingested with The impurity such as excrement, after such 2 days, part juvenile fish ingests mixed feed, is ingested mixed feed after more than 5-7 days, 90% juvenile fish, And food phenomenon is robbed, now cultivation pool water level can be lowered to 20cm, pulling cabezon juvenile fish out with the soft bolting silk net of 20 mesh is carried out The cultivation of yearlings, stops eating 1 day before moving pond.

The cultivation of yearlings：Using indoor cement pit 10-50m², breeding density 30-50 tails/m², temperature is Indoor Natural Temperature, intensity of illumination is 500-800Lx, and air blower blowing aeration places 0.5-1/m of gas stone², breeding water salinity 10- 15 ‰, when river mouth salinity water is less than 10 ‰, it need to can be used to >=10 ‰ sides with bittern regulation salinity, dissolved oxygen ＞ 5mg/L are fed Soft pellet diet, according to fish grow different phase adjustment granular size, body long 2-3cm, particle diameter 1mm, the long 3-4cm of body, Grain diameter 2mm, body long more than 4cm, particle diameter 3mm, using the form of jettisoninging, can observe the enthusiastically degree of ingesting of fish, be easy to Feedstuff feeding amount is controlled, and can reduce waste and prevent excessively remnants feeds, it is brown under the conditions of causing polluted water, proper temperature Chang Rockfish are ingested ferociousness, below 25 DEG C of temperature, and the feeding no longer to ingest with more than 95% cabezon of feed is stopped, and two are fed daily It is secondary, temperature more than 25 DEG C, as cabezon rob eat it is not violent or only no more than 5% fish ingest i.e. stop feed, feed daily Once, once, 3-5d changes water once to daily soil pick-up, and quantity of exchanged water is 60-70%, and pond was fallen every 30-50 days once；

Overwintering culture：Below 11-12 months, 15 DEG C of water temperature, cabezon is transferred to indoor cement pit overwintering culture, cabezon Overwintering culture is carried out at room temperature, and water temperature is below 13 DEG C, and the intensity of feeding of cabezon substantially weakens, less than 10 DEG C, substantially not Ingest, 1 mixed feed is fed daily, more than 95% cabezon, which is not ingested, can stop feeding, indoor cement pit 10-20m², Air blower blowing aeration, places 0.5~1/m of gas stone², breeding water salinity 10-15 ‰, every 2 days soil pick-ups once, 7-10 days Change water once, quantity of exchanged water is 50-70%, control the temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C, salinity is poor≤± 0.5, every 40-60 days, pond one It is secondary；Overwintering survival rate more than 90%.

Young fish of two years, fingerlings of two years is cultivated：Next year, breeding water water temperature rose to more than 15 DEG C by the end of March, and cabezon fingerling of surviving the winter is transferred to room Interior cement pit (10-20m²) in, into young fish of two years, fingerlings of two years cultivation stages, air blower blowing aeration places 0.5~1/m of gas stone², support Grow with salinity water 10-15 ‰, the long 8-10cm of fingerling body after surviving the winter, breeding density 20-30 tails/m², air blower blowing aeration, gas stone 0.5-1/m of density², powdery compound feed is watered and diameter 4mm soft particle is made feeds at the intensive place of fish, 2 times a day, extremely 95% fish, which no longer ingests, to stop feeding, and summer water temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, food is robbed such as cabezon not violent or only no more than 5% Fish ingest i.e. stop feed, feed daily 1 time, can stop feeding 1-2 days if necessary, normally feed afterwards, daily soil pick-up once, 3-5d changes water once, quantity of exchanged water 60-70%, controls the temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C, and salinity is poor≤± 0.5, the pond one every 30-50 days Secondary, before being survived the winter to November, two age cabezon bodies are up to 11-14cm, and body weight 35-70g, survival rate is 72%-82%.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of indoor cement pit cultural method of the cabezon fingerling of artificial breeding, includes salinity, the bait of cabezon juvenile fish Domestication, the cultivation of yearlings, overwintering culture and young fish of two years, fingerlings of two years cultivate four steps, it is characterized in that annual 5~June, manually The cabezon juvenile fish specification bred reaches 2-4cm, proceeds by the domestication of salinity and bait, and indoor cement pit adds salinity daily 11-15 ‰ natural estuarine water gradually reduces salinity, and salt reduction speed is 2 ‰/day, and final breeding water salinity maintains 11- 15 ‰, after the completion of salinity domestication, change seawater once within every 2 days, quantity of exchanged water is 50%-70%, control the temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C, salinity Difference≤± 0.5, every morning and afternoon feed natural bait twice；The domestication of bait is carried out after the completion of salinity domestication, juvenile fish It is eel material to tame and docile bait material, and powdery eel material is made to diameter 1mm soft pellet diet when feeding, in the corner fixed point that fish is intensive Feed, feeding placing bait platform at a underwater 40-50cm, the mesh of bait table mesh 30 accepts the bait do not ingested, attracts fish Feed of ingesting is pinpointed, each pond sets 1-3 to feed a little, feeds frequency 1 time a day, to suction out the feeding do not ingested in time daily Material and excrement impurity, such as more than 90% juvenile fish ingests mixed feed, and robs food phenomenon, is now lowered to cultivation pool water level 20cm, pulls the cultivation that cabezon juvenile fish carries out yearlings out with the soft bolting silk net of 20 mesh, stops eating 1 day before moving pond；Yearlings Indoor cement pit cultivation breeding density 30-50 tails/m², temperature is indoor nature temperature, and intensity of illumination is 500-800Lx, air blast Machine blowing aeration, places 0.5-1/m of gas stone², breeding water salinity 10-15 ‰, dissolved oxygen ＞ 5mg/L feed soft particle and raised Material, different phase adjustment granular size is grown according to fish, using the form of jettisoninging, below 25 DEG C of temperature, and feed is fed with 95% More than cabezon no longer ingest and stop, feed daily twice, temperature is more than 25 DEG C, and such as cabezon, to rob food not violent or only not Fish more than 5%, which ingests, to stop feeding, and feeds daily once, daily soil pick-up once, changes water for 3-5 days once, and quantity of exchanged water is 60- 70%, the temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C is controlled, salinity is poor≤± 0.5, pond was once every 30-50 days；Cultivate to 11-12 months, water temperature Less than 15 DEG C, cabezon is transferred to indoor cement pit overwintering culture, and the overwintering culture of cabezon is carried out at room temperature, and water temperature is at 13 DEG C Hereinafter, the intensity of feeding of cabezon substantially weakens, and less than 10 DEG C, does not ingest substantially, and 1 diameter 3mm soft particle is fed daily Feed, more than 95% cabezon, which is not ingested, can stop feeding, air blower blowing aeration, place 0.5~1/m of gas stone², cultivation With salinity water 10-15 ‰, every 2 days soil pick-ups once, change water for 7-10 days once, quantity of exchanged water is 50-70%, control the temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C, salinity was poor≤± 0.5, every 40-60 days, and pond is once；Second Year spring breeding water water temperature rises to more than 15 DEG C, brown Chang Rockfish survives the winter fingerling into young fish of two years, fingerlings of two years cultivation stages, and air blower blowing aeration places 0.5~1/m of gas stone², breeding water salt Spend 10-15 ‰, the long 8-10cm of fingerling body after surviving the winter, breeding density 20-30 tails/m², air blower blowing aeration, gas stone density 0.5- 1/m², powdery compound feed is watered and diameter 4mm soft particle is made feeds at the intensive place of fish, 2 times a day, to 95% fish not Ingest again and stop feeding, summer water temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, eat not violent or only ingested i.e. no more than 5% fish as cabezon is robbed Stopping is fed, and is fed daily 1 time, and daily soil pick-up once, changes water for 3-5 days once, quantity of exchanged water 60-70%, controls the temperature difference≤± 0.5 DEG C, salinity is poor≤± 0.5, fell pond every 30-50 days and once, so supports to before surviving the winter.