CN115067239A - Limulus gigas rapid fattening breeding method for blood extraction - Google Patents
Limulus gigas rapid fattening breeding method for blood extraction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine organism culture, and particularly relates to a tachypleus amebocyte lysate rapid fattening culture method for blood extraction, which comprises the following specific steps: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting and constructing a culture place: selecting a coastal region as a culture place, building a culture pond at a position which is close to the sea area and is 100-150 meters, building the culture pond, wherein the area of the culture pond is 1000-1500 square meters, the excavation depth is 2-3 meters, after the culture pond is built, carrying out area separation on the culture pond by using an asbestos plate, ensuring that the area of each culture unit is 1-2 square meters, installing a water inlet, water outlet and purification device inside the culture pond, arranging an aerator inside each culture unit, feeding different foods to tachypleus amebockii of different ages, feeding more and more foods according to the increase of the body size of the tachypleus amebockii, reducing the activity range of the tachypleus amebockii after the adult, reducing the consumption of nutrition and increasing the feeding amount of the foods, so that the tachypleus amebockii grows quickly in a short time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine organism culture, in particular to a rapid fattening culture method for horseshoe crab fish for blood extraction.
Background
The horseshoe crab is an ancient marine organism, has been developed for 4.5 hundred million years to date, is called as 'bioactivator', and is an indispensable important member of coastal wetlands and marine ecosystems. The tachypleus sinensis belongs to the order Campholes of the phylum Arthropoda, and lives on the sandy seabed of the shallow sea, and is a carnivorous animal, a feeding link animal, a mollusk and the like, and sometimes also feeds on the submarine algae. The growth cycle of the Tachypleus tridentatus is long, and the growth of the Tachypleus tridentatus can be completed in nearly 13 years, and the northern gulf of Guangxi is one of the most important habitats of the Tachypleus tridentatus.
In the last 50 th century, the blood of horseshoe crab can be made into an important bacteria detection reagent, namely horseshoe crab reagent, which can detect bacteria quickly and accurately. The use of limulus reagents has been penetrated into various fields of testing biology, medical research, food processing, and the like. Van lin and other researches find that the limulus reagent dynamic turbidity method can accurately detect the recombinant human coagulation factor VIII bacterial endotoxin. Solano et al found that limulus reagents can be used to detect endotoxin content of antivenin.
The number of limulus populations continues to decline due to the tremendous demand for limulus reagents from the market. According to investigation, in nearly 30 years, the number of tachypleus tridentatus populations in the northern gulf of Guangxi has been reduced by more than 90%, and at present, the number of tachypleus tridentatus is still sharply reduced every year, and the shoot at a risk.
In order to provide a large amount of horseshoe crabs for medical research in a short time, the horseshoe crab breeding is carried out by an artificial breeding method at present, but when the horseshoe crab breeding is carried out by the existing breeding method, corresponding food cannot be provided according to the growth stage of the horseshoe crab fishes, so that the horseshoe crab fishes are slow in growth, weak in body size and incapable of growing fat quickly, and the growth cycle of the horseshoe crab fishes is greatly prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tachypleus amebocyte lysate culture method for blood extraction, and aims to solve the problems that when tachypleus amebocyte lysate is cultured by the conventional culture method in the background art, corresponding food cannot be provided according to the growth stage of the tachypleus amebocyte lysate, so that the tachypleus amebocyte lysate grows slower, is weak in body size, cannot grow fat quickly, and greatly prolongs the growth cycle of the tachypleus amebocyte lysate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the horseshoe crab rapid fattening breeding method for blood extraction comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting and constructing culture places: selecting a coastal region as a culture place, constructing a culture pond at a position close to the sea area of 100-150 meters, wherein the area of the culture pond is 1500-sq.m, the excavation depth is 2-3 m, after the culture pond is constructed, carrying out region separation on the culture pond by using an asbestos plate to ensure that the area of each culture unit is 1-2 sq.m, installing a water inlet, drainage and purification device inside the culture pond, and arranging an aerator inside each culture unit;
step two, artificial insemination of the horseshoe crab into 1 year horseshoe crab fish: mixing horseshoe crab eggs with body fluid containing sperms until insemination is performed, placing fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit, ensuring that the number of the fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit is 2-4, ensuring that the seawater temperature in each culture unit is 20-30 ℃, the salinity is 25-30, the pH is 8.0-8.2, incubating the horseshoe crab fish for 1 year, and taking edible yolk as a nutrient source in the process;
step three, 2-5 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the process of cultivating 2-year horseshoe crab and 5-year horseshoe crab, the temperature of the cultivated seawater is 25-28 ℃, seawater is filtered once in the morning each day, and 2-3 kg of shellfish and soft-shell crabs are added into the cultivated seawater at 8 o' clock in the morning and in the evening each day in the second stage cultivation process to provide nutrition for 2-5 year horseshoe crab;
step four, 6-15 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the 6-year and 15-year horseshoe crab fish culture process, keeping the daily culture seawater temperature at 28-32 ℃, delivering oxygen to the culture units through an oxygen increasing machine every 3-5 hours, placing oysters and conchs into a crushing device, crushing the oysters and the conchs into blocks, pouring 5-8 kilograms of food into each culture unit at 8 o' clock in the morning and evening every day, and providing nutrition for 6-15-year horseshoe crab fish;
step five, after 16 years, adult horseshoe crab fish: changing the original 1-2 square meters of each culture unit into less than 1 square meter, placing adult horseshoe crabs in the newly-built culture units, reducing the range of motion of the culture units, carrying out seawater treatment on seawater in the culture units by using a water purifying device in the morning, the noon and the evening every day, and adding the corpses and marine worms of marine fishes into the culture units for providing nutrition 1-2 hours every day.
Preferably, in the process of building the breeding site, a walking path channel is built between two adjacent breeding units, and the width of the walking path channel is 0.5-1 m.
Preferably, in the fifth step, when the corpses of marine fishes are fed, the corpses of marine fishes need to be cut into pieces, and the size of each piece is 2-3 square centimeters.
Preferably, the interior of the cultivation unit is disinfected every 1-3 months during the cultivation.
Preferably, in the fourth step, when the oxygen increasing machine is used for increasing the oxygen in the culture unit, the dissolved oxygen in the seawater of the culture unit is ensured to be 4-6 mg/L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
through the common cooperation of several steps of selecting and building breeding places, artificially inseminating horseshoe crab fish into 1 year horseshoe crab fish, 2-5 years horseshoe crab fish, 6-15 years horseshoe crab fish and 16 years later adult horseshoe crab fish, different foods are fed to the horseshoe crab fish of different ages, and according to the increase of the body type of the horseshoe crab fish, the fed foods are more and more, after the horseshoe crab fish grows up, the activity range of the horseshoe crab fish is reduced, the consumption of the horseshoe crab fish on nutrition is reduced, the food feeding amount is increased, the horseshoe crab fish grows up in a short time, and the body type grows more quickly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the cultivation method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a horseshoe crab rapid fattening cultivation method for blood extraction comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting and constructing culture places: selecting a coastal region as a culture place, constructing a culture pond at a position close to the sea area by 100-150 meters, wherein the area of the culture pond is 1000-1500 square meters, the digging depth is 2-3 meters, after the culture pond is constructed, performing region separation on the culture pond by using an asbestos plate to ensure that the area of each culture unit is 1-2 square meters, installing a water inlet, drainage and purification device inside the culture pond, and arranging an aerator inside each culture unit;
step two, artificially inseminating the horseshoe crab into the horseshoe crab fish of 1 year: mixing horseshoe crab eggs with body fluid containing sperms until insemination is performed, placing fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit, ensuring that the number of the fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit is 2-4, ensuring that the seawater temperature in each culture unit is 20-30 ℃, the salinity is 25-30, the pH is 8.0-8.2, incubating the horseshoe crab fish for 1 year, and taking edible yolk as a nutrient source in the process;
step three, 2-5 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the process of culturing 2-year horseshoe crab and 5-year horseshoe crab, the temperature of culture seawater every day is ensured to be 25-28 ℃, seawater is filtered once every morning, and 2-3 kg of shellfish and soft-shell crabs are added into the culture seawater every morning and 8 o' clock evening in the process of culturing the second stage, so that nutrition is provided for 2-5-year horseshoe crab;
step four, 6-15 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the 6-year and 15-year horseshoe crab culturing process, keeping the temperature of culturing seawater every day at 28-32 ℃, conveying oxygen into the culturing units through an oxygen increasing machine every 3-5 hours, placing oysters and conchs into a crushing device, crushing the oysters and the conchs into blocks, pouring 5-8 kg of food into each culturing unit every morning and 8 o' clock evening, and providing nutrition for 6-15-year horseshoe crabs;
step five, after 16 years, adult horseshoe crab fish: changing the original 1-2 square meters of each culture unit into less than 1 square meter, placing adult horseshoe crabs in the newly-built culture units, reducing the range of motion of the culture units, carrying out seawater treatment on seawater in the culture units by using a water purifying device in the morning, the noon and the evening every day, and adding the corpses and marine worms of marine fishes into the culture units for providing nutrition 1-2 hours every day.
In the process of building a breeding place, a walking path channel is built between two adjacent breeding units, and the width of the walking path channel is 0.5-1 m.
In the fifth step, when the corpses of the marine fishes are fed, the corpses of the marine fishes need to be cut into pieces, and the size of each piece is 2-3 square centimeters.
In the cultivation process, the interior of the cultivation unit is disinfected every 1-3 months.
In the fourth step, when the interior of the culture unit is oxygenated by the oxygen-increasing machine, the dissolved oxygen in the seawater of the culture unit is ensured to be 4mg/L-6 mg/L.
Example 1:
the horseshoe crab rapid fattening breeding method for blood extraction comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting and constructing culture places: selecting a coastal region as a culture place, constructing a culture pond at a position 100 meters close to the sea, wherein the area of the culture pond is 1000 square meters, the excavation depth is 2 meters, after the culture pond is constructed, carrying out regional separation on the culture pond by using an asbestos plate to ensure that the area of each culture unit is 1 square meter, installing a water inlet, drainage and purification device inside the culture pond, and arranging an aerator inside each culture unit;
step two, artificial insemination of the horseshoe crab into 1 year horseshoe crab fish: mixing horseshoe crab eggs with body fluid containing sperms until insemination is performed, placing fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit, ensuring that the number of the fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit is 2, ensuring that the seawater temperature in each culture unit is 20 ℃, the salinity is 25, the Ph is 8.0, and incubating the horseshoe crab fish for 1 year, wherein the edible yolk is taken as a nutrient source in the process;
step three, 2-5 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the process of culturing 2-year horseshoe crab and 5-year horseshoe crab, the temperature of culture seawater every day is ensured to be 25 ℃, seawater is filtered once every morning, and 2 kilograms of shellfish and soft shell crabs are added into the culture seawater every morning and 8 o' clock evening in the process of second-stage culture to provide nutrition for 2-5-year horseshoe crab;
step four, 6-15 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the 6-year and 15-year horseshoe crab culture process, keeping the temperature of culture seawater every day at 28 ℃, conveying oxygen into the culture units through an oxygen increasing machine every 3 hours, placing oysters and conchs into a crushing device, crushing the oysters and the conchs into blocks, pouring 5 kilograms of food into each culture unit every morning and 8 o' clock every night, and providing nutrition for 6-15-year horseshoe crabs;
step five, adult horseshoe crab fish after 16 years: changing the original 1 square meter of each culture unit into within 1 square meter, placing adult horseshoe crabs in the newly-built culture units, reducing the range of motion of the culture units, carrying out seawater treatment on seawater in the culture units by using a water purifying device in the morning, the noon and the evening every day, and adding corpses and marine worms of marine fishes into the culture units for providing nutrition 1 hour every day;
example 2:
the horseshoe crab rapid fattening breeding method for blood extraction comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting and constructing culture places: selecting a coastal region as a culture place, constructing a culture pond at a position 125 meters away from the sea, wherein the area of the culture pond is 1250 square meters, the excavation depth is 2.5 meters, after the culture pond is constructed, carrying out region separation on the culture pond by using an asbestos plate to ensure that the area of each culture unit is 1.5 square meters, installing a water inlet, drainage and purification device inside the culture pond, and arranging an aerator inside each culture unit;
step two, artificial insemination of the horseshoe crab into 1 year horseshoe crab fish: mixing horseshoe crab eggs with body fluid containing sperms until insemination is performed, placing fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit, ensuring that the number of the fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit is 3, ensuring that the seawater temperature in each culture unit is 25 ℃, the salinity is 27.5, the Ph is 8.1, and incubating the horseshoe crab fish for 1 year, wherein the edible yolk is taken as a nutrient source in the process;
step three, 2-5 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the process of cultivating 2-year horseshoe crab and 5-year horseshoe crab, the temperature of the cultivated seawater per day is guaranteed to be 26.5 ℃, seawater is filtered once in the morning, and 2.5 kilograms of shellfish and soft-shell crabs are added into the cultivation material at 8 o' clock in the morning and in the evening in the second-stage cultivation process to provide nutrition for 2-5-year horseshoe crab;
step four, 6-15 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the 6-year and 15-year horseshoe crab culture process, keeping the temperature of culture seawater every day at 30 ℃, conveying oxygen into the culture units through an oxygen increasing machine every 4 hours, placing oysters and conchs into a crushing device, crushing the oysters and the conchs into blocks, pouring 6.5 kilograms of food into each culture unit every morning and 8 o' clock every night, and providing nutrition for 6-15-year horseshoe crabs;
step five, after 16 years, adult horseshoe crab fish: changing the original 1.5 square meters of each culture unit into less than 1 square meter, placing adult horseshoe crabs in the newly-built culture units, reducing the activity range of the culture units, carrying out seawater treatment on seawater in the culture units by using a water purifying device in the morning, the noon and the evening every day, and adding corpses and marine worms of marine fishes into the culture units for providing nutrition 1.5 hours every day;
example 3:
the horseshoe crab rapid fattening breeding method for blood extraction comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting and constructing culture places: selecting a coastal region as a culture place, constructing a culture pond at a position close to 150 meters of the sea area, wherein the area of the culture pond is 1500 square meters, the excavation depth is 3 meters, after the culture pond is constructed, carrying out regional separation on the culture pond by using an asbestos plate to ensure that the area of each culture unit is 2 square meters, installing a water inlet, drainage and purification device inside the culture pond, and arranging an aerator inside each culture unit;
step two, artificial insemination of the horseshoe crab into 1 year horseshoe crab fish: mixing horseshoe crab eggs with body fluid containing sperms until insemination is performed, placing fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit, ensuring that the number of the fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit is 4, ensuring that the seawater temperature in each culture unit is 30 ℃, the salinity is 30 and the Ph is 8.2, and incubating the horseshoe crab fish for 1 year, wherein the edible yolk is taken as a nutrient source in the process;
step three, 2-5 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the process of culturing 2-year horseshoe crab and 5-year horseshoe crab, the temperature of culture seawater every day is ensured to be 28 ℃, seawater is filtered once every morning, and 3 kilograms of shellfish and soft-shell crabs are added into the culture solution every morning and 8 o' clock evening in the process of second-stage culture to provide nutrition for 2-5-year horseshoe crab;
step four, 6-15 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the 6-year and 15-year horseshoe crab culture process, keeping the temperature of culture seawater every day at 28-32 ℃, conveying oxygen into the culture units through an oxygen increasing machine every 5 hours, placing oysters and conchs into a crushing device, crushing the oysters and the conchs into blocks, pouring 8 kilograms of food into each culture unit every morning and 8 o' clock at night, and providing nutrition for 6-15-year horseshoe crabs;
step five, after 16 years, adult horseshoe crab fish: changing the original 2 square meters of each culture unit into less than 1 square meter, placing adult horseshoe crabs in the newly-built culture units, reducing the range of motion of the culture units, carrying out seawater treatment on seawater in the culture units by using a water purifying device in the morning, the noon and the evening every day, and adding corpses and marine worms of marine fishes into the culture units for providing nutrition 2 hours every day.
While there have been shown and described the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The horseshoe crab rapid fat-increasing cultivation method for blood extraction is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting and constructing a culture place: selecting a coastal region as a culture place, constructing a culture pond at a position close to the sea area of 100-150 meters, wherein the area of the culture pond is 1500-sq.m, the excavation depth is 2-3 m, after the culture pond is constructed, carrying out region separation on the culture pond by using an asbestos plate to ensure that the area of each culture unit is 1-2 sq.m, installing a water inlet, drainage and purification device inside the culture pond, and arranging an aerator inside each culture unit;
step two, artificial insemination of the horseshoe crab into 1 year horseshoe crab fish: mixing horseshoe crab eggs with body fluid containing sperms until insemination is performed, placing fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit, ensuring that the number of the fertilized egg seedlings in each culture unit is 2-4, ensuring that the seawater temperature in each culture unit is 20-30 ℃, the salinity is 25-30, the Ph is 8.0-8.2, incubating the horseshoe crab fish for 1 year, and taking edible yolk as a nutrient source in the process;
step three, 2-5 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the process of cultivating 2-year horseshoe crab and 5-year horseshoe crab, the temperature of the cultivated seawater is 25-28 ℃, seawater is filtered once in the morning each day, and 2-3 kg of shellfish and soft-shell crabs are added into the cultivated seawater at 8 o' clock in the morning and in the evening each day in the second stage cultivation process to provide nutrition for 2-5 year horseshoe crab;
step four, 6-15 years of horseshoe crab fish: in the 6-year and 15-year horseshoe crab culturing process, keeping the temperature of culturing seawater every day at 28-32 ℃, conveying oxygen into the culturing units through an oxygen increasing machine every 3-5 hours, placing oysters and conchs into a crushing device, crushing the oysters and the conchs into blocks, pouring 5-8 kg of food into each culturing unit every morning and 8 o' clock evening, and providing nutrition for 6-15-year horseshoe crabs;
step five, after 16 years, adult horseshoe crab fish: changing the original 1-2 square meters of each culture unit into less than 1 square meter, placing adult horseshoe crabs in the newly-built culture units, reducing the range of motion of the culture units, carrying out seawater treatment on seawater in the culture units by using a water purifying device in the morning, the noon and the evening every day, and adding the corpses and marine worms of marine fishes into the culture units for providing nutrition 1-2 hours every day.
2. The method for rapid fattening cultivation of horseshoe crab for blood extraction according to claim 1, wherein: in the process of building a breeding place, a walking path channel is built between two adjacent breeding units, and the width of the walking path channel is 0.5-1 m.
3. The method for rapid fattening cultivation of horseshoe crab for blood extraction according to claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, when the corpses of the marine fishes are fed, the corpses of the marine fishes need to be cut into blocks, and the size of each block is 2-3 square centimeters.
4. The method for rapid fattening cultivation of horseshoe crab for blood extraction according to claim 1, wherein: in the cultivation process, the interior of the cultivation unit is disinfected every 1-3 months.
5. The method for rapid fattening cultivation of horseshoe crab for blood extraction according to claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, when the interior of the culture unit is oxygenated by the oxygen-increasing machine, the dissolved oxygen in the seawater of the culture unit is ensured to be 4mg/L-6 mg/L.
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