CN100506030C - Artificial breeding method for schizothorax - Google Patents
Artificial breeding method for schizothorax Download PDFInfo
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- CN100506030C CN100506030C CNB2004100221797A CN200410022179A CN100506030C CN 100506030 C CN100506030 C CN 100506030C CN B2004100221797 A CNB2004100221797 A CN B2004100221797A CN 200410022179 A CN200410022179 A CN 200410022179A CN 100506030 C CN100506030 C CN 100506030C
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- schizothoracin
- schizothorax
- water
- insemination
- artificial
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- 241001275867 Schizothorax Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000384 rearing Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004209 Hair Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000015475 Schizothorax kozlovi Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003856 Spermatozoa Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001850 reproductive Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000003203 everyday Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004681 Ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drugs Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002196 ecbolic Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- YREISLCRUMOYAY-IIPCNOPRSA-N ergometrine maleate Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.C1=CC(C=2[C@H](N(C)C[C@@H](C=2)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)C)C2)=C3C2=CNC3=C1 YREISLCRUMOYAY-IIPCNOPRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002969 Egg Yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007842 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001275923 Gymnocypris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001290771 Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 Milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 241000015479 Schizothorax intermedius Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 culture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
An artificial reproduction method for schizothorax includes choosing parents fish, culturing, fertilization, incubation and culturing fry.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of schizothoracin artificial propagation method, particularly relate to the method for wild cold water schizothoracin artificial propagation.
Background technology
Schizothoracin is famous and precious economic fish, and China mainly is distributed in the Changjiang river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches streams such as black cloth river, Dadu River, peaceful river, sees many especially in the river, valley with Jia Lingjiang River, Ming River, a small bay in a river River Drainage.The schizothoracin fine and tender taste, the meat flavour deliciousness, nutritious, be high-grade composite food.The schizothoracin market price reaches 80-100 yuan/kilograms at present, is more than 10 times of traditional product, and market prospects are considerable, and economic benefit is abundant, the rate of return on investment height.But because cruel fishing excessively captures, alien species its fish-egg of eating in a large number causes the destruction Of resources extremely serious, and endangered at present, the artificial propagation schizothoracin has become a kind of inevitable.
Present research about schizothoracin class reproductive habit and reproductive population, (1962) such as domestic rarely seen Cao's propagandas, Hu An (1975) and cold intelligence forever (1984) are to several schizothoracins in west, river, Gymnocypris prezewalskii, the report of China's schizothoracin, Sunder etc. (1979 is abroad arranged, 1984,1985) to several India schizothoracin and Ycmahba (1982) report to Schizothorax intermedius, schizothoracin reproductive population and reproductive habit aspect about the Sichuan product, relevant report is also arranged, such as Chen Yongxiang, Luo Quansheng, Sichuan schizothoracin breeding ecology biological study, Bijie teachers training school journal, 1997, the first phase, but because the physiological habit of schizothoracin, the aspects such as influence factor of extraneous natural environment have determined the difficulty of artificial propagation schizothoracin, still do not have the report of artificial breed schizothoracin at present.
Summary of the invention
Technical scheme to be solved by this invention provides a kind of schizothoracin artificial propagation method, particularly relates to the method for peaceful river wild cold water schizothoracin artificial propagation.
Schizothoracin artificial propagation method comprises parent population source, parent population cultivation, artificial insemination, hatching, five steps of fry rearing, it is characterized in that:
A, parent population source: derive from Cyprinidae, Schizothorax, comprise: long filament schizothoracin Schizothorax (schizothorax.) dolichonema Herzenstein, short hairs schizothoracin Schizothorax (schizothorax.) Wangchiachii (Fang), thin squama schizothoracin Schizothorax (schizothorax.) chongi (Fang), Sichuan schizothoracin Schizothorax kozlovi Nikolsky, neat mouthful of schizothoracin Schizothorax (schizothorax.) prenanti.;
B, parent fish rearing: environment is better in water quality, and water velocity is bigger, has in the cold water environment of grit substrate to cultivate, and antenatally uses conventional oxytocic drug to hasten parturition.
C, insemination: 14 ℃～20 ℃ of water temperatures, adopt artificial insemination, its fertilization rate can reach 90%;
D, hatching: water temperature: 14 ℃～20 ℃, the time: 4～10 days, its incubation rate reached 80%;
E, fry rearing: water temperature is 15 ℃～20 ℃;
The artificial propagation of the schizothoracin described in above-mentioned steps a, b, d, the e is carried out in flowing water.
Wherein, artificial insemination is adopted in the insemination of c step, the parent population that a step is selected for use is that kind is good, good, the property of growing resembles better ripe, and the schizothoracin of suitable local water quality, water temperature growth, derive from Jinsha jiang River, the Yalongjiang River in the west and south, Sichuan, the wild seedling that catch peaceful korneforos, middle part, state, the Liangshan Mountain is cultivated through 3～4 years artificial domestications and forms; The b step is carried out at the product first trimester the cultivation of parent population, and especially at antenatal 1 month, the water velocity of parent fish rearing is 80 meters/minute, and the flow velocity of fertilization water the last week is 15 meters/minute; The water flow velocity of d step when the artificial insemination ovum is hatched is 12～18 meters/minute, and water temperature is 15 ℃～20 ℃; After e step fertilized egg is hatched demoulding, it is 15 meters～20 meters/minute at the flow velocity of seedling culture phase water; C, d, e step keep the oxygen content amount of water body at 5mg/～10mg/L.
Because the physiological habit of schizothoracin is special, adopt the method for artificial propagation to be subjected to the influence in natural environment, natural water body and waters bigger, strict controlled condition, can effectively improve the survival rate of breeding, hatching, fertilization rate can reach 90%, incubation rate reaches 80%, makes the artificial propagation of schizothoracin reach suitability for industrialized production, meets the need of market.
Obviously, according to foregoing of the present invention,,, can also make modification, replacement or the change of other various ways not breaking away under the above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the present invention prerequisite according to the ordinary skill knowledge and the customary means of this area.
The embodiment of form is described in further detail foregoing of the present invention again by the following examples.But this should be interpreted as that the scope instrument of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is limited to following example.All technology that realizes based on foregoing of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the artificial propagation flow chart of schizothoracin
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 schizothoracin artificial propagation method
Schizothoracin artificial propagation method comprises parent population source, parent population cultivation, artificial insemination, hatching, five steps of fry rearing, it is characterized in that:
A, parent population source: select Jinsha jiang River, the west and south, Sichuan, Yalongjiang River, the wild seedling that catch peaceful korneforos, middle part, state, the Liangshan Mountain is cultivated through 3～4 years artificial domestications and forms;
B, parent fish rearing: environment is better in water quality, and water velocity is bigger, has in the cold water environment of grit substrate to cultivate, and antenatal use can use conventional oxytocic drug to hasten parturition;
C, insemination: 14 ℃～20 ℃ of water temperatures, adopt artificial insemination, its fertilization rate can reach 90%;
D, hatching: water temperature: 14 ℃～20 ℃, the time: 4～10 days, its incubation rate reached 80%;
E, fry rearing: water temperature is 15 ℃～20 ℃;
The artificial propagation of the schizothoracin described in above-mentioned steps a, b, d, the e is carried out in flowing water.
Wherein, artificial insemination is adopted in the insemination of c step, the parent population that a step is selected for use is that kind is good, good, the property of growing resembles better ripe, and the schizothoracin of suitable local water quality, water temperature growth, the b step is carried out at the product first trimester the cultivation of parent population, especially at antenatal 1 month, the water velocity of parent fish rearing was 80 meters/minute, and the flow velocity of fertilization water the last week is 15 meters/minute; The water flow velocity of d step when the artificial insemination ovum is hatched is 12～18 meters/minute, and water temperature is 15 ℃～20 ℃; After e step fertilized egg is hatched demoulding, it is 15 meters～20 meters/minute at the flow velocity of seedling culture phase water.
In fertilization and hatching process, note the control of water temperature, the parent fish is carrying out after medicine hastens parturition, the water temperature of water body activity will be between 15 ℃～20 ℃, being beneficial in the parent fish-egg grows normally, when fish hatched after by artificial insemination, water temperature was controlled at 15 ℃～18 ℃, and water volume flow rate is controlled at 12 meters～18 meters/minute, and to immediately select out those downright bad fertilized eggs, reduce consumption nutrient; Can not see that by the fertilized egg of artificial insemination high light promptly will carry out the lucifuge hatching in 48 hours; To keep the oxygen content amount of water body reaching 10mg/L during hatching.
Fry rearing should be noted that: water temperature is controlled at 14 ℃～20 ℃, and water flow velocity is at 8～12 meters/minute, fry about 10 days behind demoulding fully, with the disposable egg yolk of throwing something and feeding of per ten thousand tail seedling, threw something and fed in 1st 6～8 times, a week changes the soya-bean milk of throwing something and feeding later, three weeks back input opening material Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri;
The growing state of fry:
Water temperature a week can grow to 1cm behind the complete demoulding of fry between 14 ℃～20 ℃, and the back can be grown to 2～3cm in the water temperature appropriateness under the suitable situation of the bait of throwing something and feeding all around; Seedling forbids to enter mixed water in ten weeks with interior cultivation pond, and the oxygen content amount of cultivation water body will reach 10mg/L.
Cultural method behind the schizothoracin reproductive success notes:
Must under the environment of running water, culture, and water quality must be under pollution-free and limpid situation, and water temperature will be between 8 ℃～24 ℃, if be lower than 8 ℃ or be higher than 24 ℃ of fishes and will do not take food, time reaches all fish and death will occur, and the optimum water temperature of schizothoracin growth is 17 ℃～24 ℃; The water body exchange of using should be adopted circulating exchange, and water body can not be reused, and can not have the dead angle in the pond; Culture the pool inner water flow velocity and can not be lower than 15 meters/minute, the oxygen content amount of water body will be remained on more than the 5mg/L, could normal growth, in the water oxygen content amount be 7mg/L when above schizothoracin grow the fastest; Must keep culturing the sanitation and hygiene in pond, will clean every day to the pond, can not have excreta in the pond, floating whirlpool thing, and a week is carried out 1～2 sterilization according to the temperature situation to the pond; The pond depth of water will remain on 0.6～1.2 meter, and every square of stocking rate is 50-200 tail (deciding on its fry size and flow of inlet water); The number of times of throwing something and feeding of throwing something and feeding and will decide every day according to size and the water temperature of fry of bait generally is no less than 6 times at the seedling number of times of throwing something and feeding every day in period, and each feeding volume is not till fish connects food; The number of times of throwing something and feeding of big specification fry every day is no less than 4 times, and feeding volume is the same.
Control above-mentioned condition by strictness, can effectively improve breeding, the hatching survival rate of schizothoracin, fertilization rate can reach 90%, and incubation rate reaches 80%, makes the artificial propagation of schizothoracin reach suitability for industrialized production, meets the need of market.
Claims (5)
1, schizothoracin artificial fecundation method comprises parent population source, parent population cultivation, insemination, hatching, five steps of fry rearing, it is characterized in that:
A, parent population source: derive from Cyprinidae, Schizothorax, comprise: long filament schizothoracin Schizothorax (schizothorax.) dolichonema Herzenstein, short hairs schizothoracin Schizothorax (schizothorax.) Wangchiachii (Fang), thin squama schizothoracin Schizothorax (schizothorax.) chongi (Fang), Sichuan schizothoracin Schizothorax kozlovi Nikolsky, neat mouthful of schizothoracin Schizothorax (schizothorax.) prenanti.;
B, parent fish rearing: parent population is cultivated in water bottom has the environment of grit, and antenatal 1 month water flow velocity is: 80 meters/minute;
C, insemination: 14 ℃～20 ℃ of water temperatures, the water flow velocity before the insemination is: 15 meters/minute;
D, hatching: 14 ℃～20 ℃ of water temperatures, the time: 4～10 days, the water flow velocity during hatching was 12～18 meters/minute;
E, fry rearing: water temperature is 15～20 ℃, and the water flow velocity of fry rearing is: 15～20 meters/minute.
2, schizothoracin artificial fecundation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: artificial insemination is adopted in the insemination of c step.
3, schizothoracin artificial fecundation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described parent population of a step derives from Jinsha jiang River, the Yalongjiang River in the west and south, Sichuan, and the wild seedling that catch peaceful korneforos, middle part, state, the Liangshan Mountain is cultivated through 3～4 years artificial domestications and forms.
4, schizothoracin artificial fecundation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the condition of c step insemination is: 18 ℃～20 ℃ of water temperatures, adopt the spermatozoa insemination method.
5, schizothoracin artificial fecundation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: c, d, e step keep the oxygen content amount of water body at 5mg/L～10mg/L.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100221797A CN100506030C (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | Artificial breeding method for schizothorax |
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| CNB2004100221797A CN100506030C (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | Artificial breeding method for schizothorax |
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| CN100506030C true CN100506030C (en) | 2009-07-01 |
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Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102077787B (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-09-05 | 贵州省毕节地区水产技术推广站 | Artificial propagation technology for schizothorax grahami |
| CN102484983A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-06-06 | 神农架林区楚源渔业有限公司 | Artificial propagation method of schizothorax prenanti |
| CN102599095B (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2014-05-21 | 玉龙县龙泉水产养殖科技有限责任公司 | Estrus and spawning induction method for increasing rate of artificial insemination of Schizothorax davidi (Sauvage) |
| CN103355230B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2014-09-24 | 巫溪县农业委员会 | Schizothorax intensified and quick breeding method |
| CN103409365B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-04-08 | 中国科学院昆明动物研究所 | Method for establishing schizothorax wangchiachii heart cell line and performing ultralow temperature cryopreservation on schizothorax wangchiachii heart cell line |
| CN103734044A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-23 | 华中农业大学 | Parturition hastening method for plateau-fish schizothorax oconnori |
| CN104855313A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-26 | 新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所 | Complete artificial propagation method for aspiorhynchus laticeps |
| CN105104263B (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2019-01-11 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | A kind of ash schizothoracin artificial fecundation method |
| CN105248335B (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-08-08 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | A kind of schizothoracin class method for incubating oosperm |
| CN105409845B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2018-09-11 | 中国科学院昆明动物研究所 | A kind of short hairs schizothoracin artificial fecundation method |
| CN106577389A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-04-26 | 四川省农业科学院水产研究所 | Artificial multiplication method of schizothorax prenati |
| CN108283152A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-07-17 | 武汉中科瑞华生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of long filament schizothoracin artificial fecundation method |
| CN109644902B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-05-07 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Artificial breeding method for schizothorax lasanensis |
| CN110537506B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-06-25 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院水产科学研究所 | Artificial propagation method for wild Lassa schizothorax |
| CN110839570B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-05-07 | 塔里木大学 | Schizothorax fish hatching egg collection device |
| CN111972324B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-02-22 | 四川律贝生物科技有限公司 | Breeding and artificial propagation method of schizothorax prenanti |
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