CN106982642B - Asexual propagation method of Qinling mountain bergenia - Google Patents
Asexual propagation method of Qinling mountain bergenia Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A vegetative propagation method of Qinling mountain bergenia crassifolia comprises the steps of conducting rooting cultivation on sprouts with the height exceeding 5cm, reserving 0.1-1 cm root and stem bases of the sprouts, trimming and flattening the roots and the stem bases, soaking the root and stem bases for 15-50 seconds by 0.1-2.0 mg.L-1 IBA, and then planting the root and stem bases in a mixed matrix. And (3) keeping the bud seedlings with the height less than 5cm on the original rootstocks, carrying out rootstock scion cuttage, pruning the length of the rootstock scions to be 1-6 cm, and carrying out cuttage in the mixed matrix in 3-7 months or 9-11 months. The mixed matrix consists of perlite, turfy soil and humus, the water is poured before the seeds are planted, the moisture is preserved, the illumination intensity is kept at 20001 x-30001 x, the illumination time is 10-14 h every day, the temperature in the greenhouse is 20-28 ℃, fertilizer and water are applied for management, and the cultivation lasts for 2-3 months. The method has the advantages of strong operation feasibility, simple management and low cost, and makes large-area artificial cultivation of the Qinling mountain bergenia possible.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of biology, and relates to Qinling mountain bergenia, in particular to a vegetative propagation method of Qinling mountain bergenia.
Background art:
the Qinling mountain Bergenia crassifolia T.P.Wang is a perennial herb of Bergenia of Saxifragaceae, 10 plants exist all over the world, 7 plants are produced in China, and the rhizome of the Qinling mountain Bergenia crassifolia is called as Panlongqi in the Mei county in Shaanxi and the mountain area in Qinling, not only is one of 3 special species in China, but also is the most original species of the genus. Domestic wild species are mostly distributed in Shaanxi, Sichuan and southeast of Gansu, and in winter, people are withered and fallen leaves in the original production area, but flowers are pink and have high ornamental value. The whole herb contains bergenin, the rhizome has higher drug content, is accepted by Chinese materia medica and Chinese herbal medicine in Shanxi, is a common medicine in Shanxi folk, and is astringent, bitter and mild in taste; has effects in invigorating spleen and stomach, astringing, consolidating intestine, eliminating dampness, promoting diuresis, and promoting blood circulation; it is used mainly for treating acute and chronic gastroenteritis, edema, alopecia, scabies, etc. and is a specific medicine for treating respiratory system diseases. In recent years, scholars analyze and research flowering characteristics, pollination adaptability and reproduction systems of the hybrid rice, and think that the hybrid rice has a selfing degeneration phenomenon, so that the natural fructification rate is extremely low, the seed germination rate is not high, and the growth is slow.
The subject group establishes a rapid propagation technical system of Qinling mountain bergenia purpurascens in 2012, realizes standardized production in China at first, protects wild resources, and produces high-quality seedlings which are subjected to demonstration planting in Xinjiang, Henan, Fujian, Zhejiang and the like, thereby achieving good social and ecological benefits. In recent years, the material cost and the labor cost are continuously increased, so that the cost for tissue culture seedling production is high, in order to save the production cost and provide high-quality seedlings, a subject group carries out systematic culture on Qinling mountain bergenia and counts the number of the branch seedlings of annual tissue culture seedlings, and large-area artificial culture and industrial development are possible by utilizing vegetative propagation modes such as root culture and rootstock cutting with buds of the branch seedlings.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a asexual propagation method of Qinling mountain bergenia, which aims to solve the technical problem of low propagation rate of wild Qinling mountain bergenia in the prior art, reduce the current situation of overhigh cost in tissue culture production and enable large-area artificial cultivation and industrial development to be possible.
The invention provides a vegetative propagation method of Qinling mountain bergenia, which comprises a step of selecting sprouts, wherein if the height of the sprouts exceeds 5cm, 0.1-1 cm of root and stem base parts are reserved and cut flatly, and the root and stem base parts are 0.1-2.0 mg.L-1Soaking IBA for 15-50 s, and then planting in a mixed matrix for cultivation; if the height of the bud seedling is less than 5cm, keeping the bud seedling on the original root stem, performing root-stem scion cuttage, trimming the length of the root-stem scion to 1-6 cm, and cuttage in the mixed matrix in 3-7 months or 9-11 months; the mixed matrix consists of perlite, turfy soil and humus, the water is poured before planting, then an arched shed is built by using a plastic film for sealing and moisturizing, the illumination intensity is kept at 20001 x-30001 x, the illumination time is 10-14 h every day, the temperature in the shed is 20-28 ℃, fertilizer and water are applied for management, and the cultivation lasts for 2-3 months.
Further, the root and stem base of the bud seedling can be kept at any length within the range of 0.1-1 cm; IBA can be 0.1-2.0 mg.L-1Any concentration in the interval; the IBA soaking time can be 15-50 sAt any one time.
Further, the length of the root-stem ear strips can be trimmed to any length within the range of 1-6 cm; the cuttage can be carried out in any month in the interval of 3-7 months or 9-11 months.
Furthermore, before the mixed matrix is used, the mixed matrix is thoroughly watered with water, 1500x carbendazim is watered after the mixed matrix is planted, water is replenished after the mixed matrix is planted and before the seedlings are released, the mixed matrix is thoroughly watered after the seedlings are released, the illumination is prolonged to cultivate robust seedlings, the fertilizer application principle is that clear water is added between two times of fertilizer water, the EC is controlled to be 250-500 um/cm, and the bactericide is applied once in 5-7 days.
Further, the fertilizer consists of Baolifeng and ammonium calcium magnesium, and the mass ratio of Baolifeng to ammonium calcium magnesium is 7: 3.
Furthermore, the illuminance in the arched shed can be kept at any intensity between the interval of 20001 x and 30001 x; the illumination time can be kept at any time within a range of 10-14 h, and the temperature can be kept at any temperature within a range of 20-128 ℃.
Further, when the root of the seedling forms a soil ball and the height is 10cm, the seedling is transplanted into a small pot with the caliber of 8cm for secondary cultivation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the technical progress is positive and obvious. In rooting cultivation, the rooting rate can reach 100 percent at most. In the cuttage cultivation, the survival rate can reach 90 percent at most. The method utilizes the vegetative propagation modes of rooting cultivation of the bud seedlings or cutting of the rootstock cuttings and the like to cultivate the Qinling rock Chinese cabbage, reduces the cost of the seedlings, makes large-area artificial cultivation and industrialized development possible, and protects wild resources.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a photograph of the total number of seedlings of 10 annual tissue culture seedlings of Qinling mountain bergenia purpurascens.
FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the rooting of the sprout of bergenia purpurascens.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the rhizome of bergenia purpurascens.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of rhizome cuttings of bergenia Qinling mountain.
FIG. 5 is a photograph of a live seedling of a rhizome of bergenia purpurascens after cutting.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in the case of the statistical data of the following embodiment, 20 were investigated for each treatment, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. And (5) counting the rooting rate of the bud seedlings and the survival rate of rootstock cuttage. The rooting rate of the bud seedling is the number of rooted plants/inoculation number, and the survival rate of rootstock cutting is the survival number/cutting number.
Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Excel2003 and DPS 14.5 data processing systems. Analysis of variance and multiple comparisons (α ═ 0.05) were performed using a completely random one-factor test statistical method and an LSD method
Example 1
Rooting cultivation of bud seedlings
1.1 gradient design
When the bud seedling is rooted and cultivated, NAA and IBA are adopted for processing, and 6 concentration gradients are calculated as 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0; the soaking time is set to six gradients of 10s, 15s, 20s, 30s, 40s and 50 s; the base of the bud seedling is cut into five lengths of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 cm.
1.2 culture conditions
When the bud seedlings are rooted and cultivated, the bud seedlings are watered thoroughly in a greenhouse, then plastic films are used for building an arched shed for sealing and moisturizing, a grass curtain or a sunshade net is covered for shading and cooling in due time, the illumination intensity is kept at 20001 x-30001 x, the illumination time is 10-14 h every day, and the temperature in the shed is 20-28 ℃.
1.3 sprout cultivation
TABLE 1 Effect of different growth hormones and their concentrations on shoot rooting
Data in the table are mean ± standard error (n ═ 3), and different letters following the same column number indicate significance of 0.05 level differences (P < 0.05), as follows.
Rooting and cultivating the bud seedling with the height over 5cm, reserving the base part of 1cm, trimming, flattening, and growing with different concentrationsAfter the treatment of the hormones for 20s, the seedlings are planted in a prepared mixed matrix, fertilizer and water are applied for management, the rooting rate is counted after one month, and the influence difference of different hormones and the concentrations of the hormones on the rooting of the seedlings is obvious (Table 1). The rooting rate increases with the increase of hormone concentration, and the concentration is 1.0 mg.L for both NAA and IBA treatment-1When the rooting rate reaches the highest, 65 percent and 75 percent respectively, then the concentration of the auxin is increased, but the auxin has an inhibiting effect on rooting, and the rooting rate is reduced. Screening of IBA1.0mg. L-1The difference between the optimum treatment concentration and the other treatments was significant.
1.0 mg.L is used-1IBA soaks the bud seedling base, and the soaking time is set to six gradients of 10s, 15s, 20s, 30s, 40s and 50 s. The results show that the soaking time has obvious influence on the rooting rate, the short-time quick soaking is realized, the rooting rate is not high, the rooting rate is rapidly improved along with the prolonging of the soaking time, the rooting rate reaches 95 percent at the maximum when the soaking time is 30s (shown in the table 2), and the difference is obvious compared with other treatments. Screening out 1.0 mg.L by integrating the types, concentrations and soaking time of hormones-1IBA immersion for 30s is the best treatment.
TABLE 2 Effect of different soaking times on shoot rooting
1.0 mg.L is used-1The IBA soaks the bud seedling base for 30s, and the bud seedling base is cut into five lengths of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 cm. The results showed that the longer the root at the base of the sprout, the higher the rooting rate, which reached up to 100% when the length was 0.5cm, and the difference was significant compared to the two treatments below 0.5cm (table 3). According to the test result and consideration of saving rhizome medicinal materials, the optimal retention length of the bud seedling base is 0.5 cm.
TABLE 3 Effect of different sprout base lengths on sprout rooting
EXAMPLE 2 rootstock cuttage
The bud seedling with the height lower than 5cm is not easy to root and survive after being cut alone, and is suitable to be kept on the original root stem for rootstock cuttage to survive.
2.1 design of the experiment
When the rhizome is inserted, the rhizome is cut into six lengths of 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm and 6 cm; the cuttage time is set to be 1-12 months and other different months.
2.2 culture conditions
When the rhizome is inserted, the rhizome is poured into a greenhouse, water is permeated after operation, then an arched shed is built by using a plastic film for sealing and moisturizing, a grass curtain or a sunshade net is covered for shading and cooling at proper time, the illumination intensity is kept at about 2000-30001 x, the illumination time is 10-14 hours, and the temperature in the shed is about 20-28 ℃.
2.3 rhizome cutting
The rootstocks were cut at six lengths of 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm and 6cm, and it was found that when the rootstocks were cut at a length of less than 4cm, the effect on the cuttage was significant (Table 4). When the length of the rootstocks is 1cm, the cutting survival rate is only 15%, and when the length of the rootstocks reaches 4cm and above, the cutting survival rate can reach 100%, which is closely related to the accumulated nutrition of the rootstocks. In order to reduce the planting cost and improve the yield of the medicinal materials, the rhizome is taken for 4cm during cuttage.
TABLE 4 influence of different rhizome lengths on the survival rate of cuttings
When 4cm of rhizome is taken for cuttage, the seasons are different, the survival rate is also different, the cuttage discovery in different months (table 5), 3-7 months and 9-11 months, the cuttage survival rate is more than 90%, and the difference is obvious compared with other months; when the rainwater is more in 8 months, the rootstocks are partially rotten, and the survival rate is slightly reduced to 85%; during the period from 12 months to 2 months in the next year, the survival rate is even reduced to 55 percent, which is directly related to low temperature and slow generation of new roots of the rootstocks.
TABLE 5 Effect of cuttage in different months on survival
Example 3 substrate and management
The Qinling mountain bergenia herb bud seedling rooting culture and the rhizome ear cutting all adopt imported turf with good air permeability, the length of the turf is about 2mm, a mixed matrix is prepared by the proportion of perlite, turfy soil and humus in a ratio of 2:1:1, 2 days before planting are watered thoroughly, and 1500x carbendazim is watered after planting. After the seedlings are planted, small water is supplemented before the seedlings are revived, and where the small water is supplemented, the small water is preferably evaporated in the same day; after the seedlings are delayed, the seedlings are dried, thoroughly watered, and the illumination is properly prolonged to culture strong seedlings. The fertilizer application principle is that clear water is added once between two times of fertilizer water, the EC of the clear water is controlled to be 250-500 um/cm, and the fertilizer is prepared according to Baolifeng: mixing the ammonium, calcium and magnesium in a ratio of 7: 3. The sterilization medicine is applied once after 5-7 days, and root maggots are prevented and treated in time. When the seedlings are maintained for 2 months, no matter the seedlings are sprouts or rootstock cutting seedlings, soil balls are formed on the roots, the height is 10cm, and the seedlings can be sold as finished seedlings. The rooted seedlings of more than 2 months need to be transplanted into a small pot with the caliber of 8cm, so as to be beneficial to later growth.
And (4) conclusion:
the rooting culture or rhizome cutting of the bergenia crassifolia seedlings is low in cost and simple in management, so that a production chain for producing the female parent seedlings in the early stage through tissue culture and producing the female parent seedlings in the later stage through the rooting culture or rhizome cutting propagation of the bergenia crassifolia seedlings is formed, and guarantee and premise are provided for large-scale planting and development.
Claims (2)
1. A asexual propagation method of Qinling mountain bergenia herb is characterized in that: comprises a step of selecting a bud seedling,
if the height of the bud seedling exceeds 5cm, keeping a root base of 0.5cm, trimming and flattening, wherein the root base is 1.0 mg.L-1After IBA is soaked for 30s, planting the IBA in a mixed matrix for cultivation;
if the height of the bud seedling is less than 5cm, keeping the bud seedling on the original root stem, performing root-stem scion cuttage, cutting the length of the root-stem scion to 4cm, and cuttage in the mixed matrix in 3-7 months or 9-11 months;
the mixed matrix is composed of perlite, turfy soil and humus, the mass ratio of the perlite to the turfy soil to the humus is 2:1:1, the mixed matrix is firstly watered thoroughly with water two days before use, 1500x carbendazim is watered again after planting, water is replenished before seedling slow growth, the seedlings are watered thoroughly after slow growth and are watered thoroughly, then an arched shed is built with a plastic film for sealing and moisture preservation, the temperature in the shed is 25 ℃, illumination is prolonged to cultivate robust seedlings, the illumination is kept at 250001 x, the illumination time is 12 hours every day, fertilizer and water are applied for management, the fertilizer application principle is that clear water is added once between two fertilizer water times, the fertilizer is composed of Baofeng and ammonium calcium magnesium, the mass ratio of the Baofeng to the ammonium calcium magnesium is 7:3, the EC is controlled between 250-500 um/cm, the sterilization medicine is applied once every 5-7 days, and the seedlings are cultivated for 2-3 months, and the seedlings are obtained.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: when the root of the seedling forms a soil ball and the height of the seedling is 10cm, transplanting the seedling into a small pot with the caliber of 8cm for secondary cultivation.
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