CN1069745C - 返回行程改进的盘式制动器 - Google Patents

返回行程改进的盘式制动器 Download PDF

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CN1069745C
CN1069745C CN94194720A CN94194720A CN1069745C CN 1069745 C CN1069745 C CN 1069745C CN 94194720 A CN94194720 A CN 94194720A CN 94194720 A CN94194720 A CN 94194720A CN 1069745 C CN1069745 C CN 1069745C
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clamp
blind hole
brake
opening
directional post
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CN1142260A (zh
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布斯奎斯.J.鲁泽
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AlliedSignal Europe Services Techniques
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/228—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a separate actuating member for each side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
    • F16D55/22655—Constructional details of guide pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
    • F16D55/227—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing by two or more pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0004—Parts or details of disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0016—Brake calipers
    • F16D2055/0029—Retraction devices

Abstract

本发明涉及盘式制动器，包括：跨装在制动盘(2)上的卡钳(1)；固定在车辆上的叉(3)；与卡钳相连由一个活塞(5)闭合的制动缸(4)；至少一个导向柱(6、7)；一个导向柱在其中滑动的盲孔(8、9)及两个制动块(10、11)。
导向柱和盲孔相对于制动缸以如下方式配置，即：当制动器作用时，盲孔底部的空气被压缩，如此封闭的空气在制动器温度升高的作用下膨胀，可保证卡钳正常返回到其起始位置。

Description

返回行程改进的盘式制动器
本发明涉及机动车的盘式制动器，它包括：
-两个一个相对于另一个活动的制动件，其中一件是跨装在制动盘上的卡钳，另一件是固定在车辆上的叉；
-压紧装置，具有一个和卡钳相连的制动缸及一个与制动盘相对并由一个活塞闭合的开口；
-导向装置，在压紧装置动作时，使卡钳相对于叉滑动，上述导向装置至少包括一个固定在叉上的导向柱和一个在卡钳上钻的盲孔，导向柱在盲孔中滑动，一个可弹性变形的环形套筒套着盲孔的开口和导向柱；
-两个制动块，朝向制动盘的两个相对的面，夹在活塞和卡钳之间，在压紧装置动作时，压附在制动盘上；
这类制动器在现有技术中已为人所知，如文献FR-A-2 422864所述。
在这类称为“滑动卡钳”式制动器中存在的由来已久的问题是制动器作用后卡钳返回到其起始位置的问题。
实际上，与直接由制动液压油驱动的活塞相反，卡钳只靠制动块之一上的活塞在该制动块压在制动盘上时的机械反作用驱动，此外，卡钳须在一个或几个导向柱上滑动，以返回到初始位置，所以卡钳返程较困难。
在这种条件下，由于制动块朝向的制动盘的面与活塞朝向的面相反，所以经常发生制动块甚至在制动器不启动时也摩擦制动盘的现象，制动块过早磨损，使车辆不适宜地减速。
处在这种形势中，本发明旨在提出一种结构简单，但在制动器放松之后卡钳可正常返回起始位置的滑动卡钳型盘式制动器。
为此，符合上述内容的本发明的制动器具有如下主要特征：在卡钳上钻的盲孔的开口的朝向与制动缸的开口的朝向相反；可从盲孔中排出的空气至少有一部分封在所述套筒中。
在这种条件下，关闭在盲孔和/或套筒中的空气由于制动块摩擦制动盘、引起温度升高而膨胀，从而施加一个沿着一个或几个导向柱的轴线方向的力，将卡钳重新推回其起始位置。
本发明的其他特征和优点通过下面示意的、非局限性的说明并参照附图将更为清楚，附图中：
-图1为与本发明不相符的制动器的局部剖开的俯视图；
-图2为根据本发明的制动器的局部剖视示意图。
如图1所示，图1表示的只是本发明的一般领域，本发明涉及机动车的盘式制动器，该类混合式或非混合式制动器具有：
-两个一个相对另一个活动的制动件，其中一件是跨装在制动盘2上的卡钳1，另一件是固定在车上的叉3；
-压紧装置，具有一个与卡钳1相连的制动缸4和一个与制动盘相对由一个活塞5闭合的开口4a；
-导向装置，在压紧装置动作时可使卡钳1相对于叉3滑动，上述导向装置至少包括一个固定在两个制动件之一上的导向柱6、7和一个在另一个制动件上钻的盲孔8、9，各导向柱在盲孔中滑动；
-两个朝向制动盘的两个相对面2a、2b的制动块10、11，它们夹在活塞5和卡钳1的一个蹄片1a之间，当压紧装置作用时，贴附在制动盘上。
每个导向柱6或7和与之相对应的盲孔8、9分别构成第一和第二导向构件，其中每一个都有一个用符号“a”标记的前部和一个用符号“p”标记的后部。
更确切地说，每个导向柱6、7的前部由导向柱的自由端6a、7a构成，而每个导向柱6、7的后部由导向柱的连接端6p、7p构成。
每个盲孔8、9的前部由该盲孔的开口如8a构成，而每个盲孔8、9的后部由该盲孔的底部如8p构成。
此外，一个可弹性变形的环形套筒12、13采用例如波纹套型，最好完全密封，套在每个盲孔的开口8a和相应的导向柱6、7上。
更确切地说，本发明涉及的是如文献FR-A-2 422 864所述的盘式制动器，其中导向柱安装在叉上，且在钻在卡钳上的盲孔中滑动。
根据本发明，如图2所示，盲孔8的后部8p比该盲孔的前部8a离制动缸4的底部远，在此情况下，盲孔9也一样。
在这种条件下，钻在卡钳1上的盲孔8的开口8a的朝向与制动缸4的开口4a朝向的方向D相反，盲孔9也是如此。
借助于这种布置，当导向柱6进入例如盲孔8时，可从盲孔8中排出的空气至少有一部分封闭在套筒12中，在这里，导向柱7、盲孔9和套筒13的情况是一样的，这样，不管这部分空气在盲孔底部还是在套筒中，都可将卡钳重新推回到其起始位置。

Claims (1)

1.机动车的盘式制动器，它包括：
-两个一个相对于另一个活动的制动件，其中一件是跨装在制动盘(2)上的卡钳(1)，另一件是固定在车辆上的叉(3)；
-压紧装置，具有一个与卡钳相连的制动缸(4)以及一个由活塞(5)闭合的开口(4a)；
-导向装置，在压紧装置动作时使卡钳相对于叉滑动，上述导向装置至少包括一个固定在叉(3)上的导向柱(6、7)和一个开在卡钳(1)上的盲孔(8、9)，导向柱在盲孔中滑动，一个可弹性变形的环形套筒(12、13)套在盲孔的开口(8a)和导向柱(6)上；
-两个朝向制动盘(2)的两个相对面(2a、2b)的制动块(10、11)，夹在活塞和卡钳之间，当压紧装置作用时贴附在制动盘上；
其特征是：钻在卡钳上的盲孔的开口(8a)的朝向与制动缸的开口(4a)的朝向(D)相反；可从盲孔(8)中排出的空气至少有一部分封闭在所述套筒(12)中。
CN94194720A 1994-01-07 1994-12-22 返回行程改进的盘式制动器 Expired - Fee Related CN1069745C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9400125A FR2714945B1 (fr) 1994-01-07 1994-01-07 Frein à disque à recul amélioré.
FR93/00125 1994-01-07

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CN1142260A CN1142260A (zh) 1997-02-05
CN1069745C true CN1069745C (zh) 2001-08-15

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US (1) US5749445A (zh)
EP (1) EP0719391B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH09507286A (zh)
CN (1) CN1069745C (zh)
BR (1) BR9408486A (zh)
CO (1) CO4370793A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE69406301T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2109085T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2714945B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2124658C1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1995018928A1 (zh)

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JPH09250572A (ja) * 1996-03-15 1997-09-22 Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd ディスクブレーキ
US6454056B1 (en) 2001-05-31 2002-09-24 Robert Bosch Corporation Disc brake with anti-caming and constant bearing length for guide pins
FR2874412B1 (fr) * 2004-08-19 2007-12-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gmbh Frein a disque muni d'une chappe de taille reduite
US20060283671A1 (en) * 2005-06-21 2006-12-21 Robert Bosch Corporation A Disc Brake
US7337881B1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2008-03-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Full float multi-force caliper assembly
DE102006053183A1 (de) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-15 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Scheibenbremse, insbesondere für ein Nutzfahrzeug
DE102011115213A1 (de) * 2011-09-28 2013-03-28 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Scheibenbremse, insbesondere für ein Nutzfahrzeug, sowie Bremsbelag für eine Scheibenbremse
WO2013153643A1 (ja) * 2012-04-11 2013-10-17 トヨタ自動車株式会社 ディスクブレーキ
US20150001010A1 (en) * 2013-06-26 2015-01-01 Chih-Hsien Liao Electric parking caliper
DE102015105712A1 (de) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Vorrichtung zum Befestigen eines Bremssattels
EP3779226B1 (en) * 2019-08-16 2022-07-06 Meritor Heavy Vehicle Braking Systems (UK) Limited A guide assembly for a disc brake
EP3835081B1 (de) * 2019-12-10 2023-02-08 ZF CV Systems Europe BV Nutzfahrzeugachse mit einer scheibenbremse

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GB2019968A (en) * 1978-04-15 1979-11-07 Tokico Ltd Disc brake
GB1572451A (en) * 1976-06-01 1980-07-30 Girling Ltd Sliding caliper disc brake
US4305483A (en) * 1978-09-09 1981-12-15 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Sliding caliper disc brake
GB2202287A (en) * 1987-03-20 1988-09-21 Automotive Products Plc Disc brake
JPH05272562A (ja) * 1992-03-24 1993-10-19 Nissin Kogyo Kk ピンスライド型車両用ディスクブレーキのキャリパ支持構造

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GB1572451A (en) * 1976-06-01 1980-07-30 Girling Ltd Sliding caliper disc brake
GB2019968A (en) * 1978-04-15 1979-11-07 Tokico Ltd Disc brake
US4305483A (en) * 1978-09-09 1981-12-15 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Sliding caliper disc brake
GB2202287A (en) * 1987-03-20 1988-09-21 Automotive Products Plc Disc brake
JPH05272562A (ja) * 1992-03-24 1993-10-19 Nissin Kogyo Kk ピンスライド型車両用ディスクブレーキのキャリパ支持構造

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US5749445A (en) 1998-05-12
RU2124658C1 (ru) 1999-01-10
ES2109085T3 (es) 1998-01-01
CN1142260A (zh) 1997-02-05
CO4370793A1 (es) 1996-10-07
DE69406301T2 (de) 1998-02-26
EP0719391B1 (fr) 1997-10-15
DE69406301D1 (de) 1997-11-20
JPH09507286A (ja) 1997-07-22
WO1995018928A1 (fr) 1995-07-13
FR2714945A1 (fr) 1995-07-13
EP0719391A1 (fr) 1996-07-03
FR2714945B1 (fr) 1996-03-01
BR9408486A (pt) 1997-08-26

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