CN106937538B - Orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole-applying machine - Google Patents
Orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole-applying machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106937538B CN106937538B CN201710191125.0A CN201710191125A CN106937538B CN 106937538 B CN106937538 B CN 106937538B CN 201710191125 A CN201710191125 A CN 201710191125A CN 106937538 B CN106937538 B CN 106937538B
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- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- opening
- hole
- guide pipe
- auger
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/005—Undercarriages, tanks, hoppers, stirrers specially adapted for seeders or fertiliser distributors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/16—Fertiliser distributors with means for pushing out the fertiliser, e.g. by a roller
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole applicator which comprises a frame, and a hole opening device, a fertilizer feeding device and a soil covering device which are arranged on the frame, wherein the hole opening device is arranged on the frame; the fertilizer feeding device comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer guide pipe which are fixed on the frame, wherein a feed inlet of the fertilizer guide pipe is communicated with a discharge outlet of the fertilizer box; two opening plates are arranged in the fertilizer guide pipe at intervals; a knife roll is arranged in the fertilizer box; the hole opening device consists of a hole opening auger vertically arranged at the discharge hole of the fertilizer guide pipe, and a conical drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the hole opening auger; the earthing device is composed of a pair of semicircular arc earthing plates symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hole-opening auger, and the earthing plates can move in a reciprocating manner through driving of a hydraulic cylinder; the device also comprises a control device, and a height sensor connected with the control device is arranged on the hole opening auger. The hole-fertilizing machine is simple in anti-blocking structure, accurate in quantification during fertilization and convenient in earthing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole-applying machine, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
Background
In the planting and management of orchards, fertilization is an important operation link and plays an important role in the quality and yield of fruits and the growth of fruit trees. The fertilization mechanization level of fruit trees in China is low, the fruit trees are just started, manual ditching and fertilizer spreading modes are adopted for fertilization of fruit trees in some places, the work is heavy, the efficiency is low, the corrosiveness of the fertilizer can cause great harm to human bodies, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted. The high-efficiency standard production technology of fruit trees requires that holes are drilled around the fruit trees, and organic fertilizers are applied in a precise quantity. The fertilizing machine used at present can only finish mechanical drilling and manual auxiliary fertilization, and has low mechanization degree.
The applicant searches and finds that a miniature remote control orchard ditcher is suitable for ditching and fertilizing in orchards planted in a traditional mode in China in the prior art; but the fertilizing mode of the strip-shaped holes is adopted, so that the root systems of the fruit trees are easily damaged and even cut off, manual auxiliary fertilization is needed, and the operation efficiency is low; in addition, the orchard pit digging fertilizer distributor is powered by a tractor to drive a chain with a chain knife to rotate, pit digging operation is realized, and a singlechip is used for controlling a stepping motor to drive a fertilizer distributor to work, so that quantitative fertilization is realized; but the fertilizer application machine still adopts a strip-shaped fertilizer application mode, so that the utilization rate of the fertilizer is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides an orchard fertilizer hole distributor with simple anti-blocking structure, accurate quantitative and convenient earthing during fertilization.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: an orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole applicator comprises a frame, and a hole opening device, a fertilizer feeding device and a soil covering device which are arranged on the frame;
the fertilizer feeding device comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer guide pipe which are fixed on the frame, wherein a feed inlet of the fertilizer guide pipe is communicated with a discharge outlet of the fertilizer box; the first opening and closing plates and the second opening and closing plates are arranged in the fertilizer guide pipe at intervals, and the first opening and closing plates are closer to a feed inlet of the fertilizer guide pipe than the second opening and closing plates; the fertilizer box is internally provided with a knife roller, the knife roller comprises a knife shaft horizontally arranged on the fertilizer box and a plurality of blades uniformly distributed on the knife shaft, and the knife shaft is driven to rotate by a motor arranged on a frame;
the hole opening device consists of a hole opening auger vertically arranged at the discharge hole of the fertilizer guide pipe, and a conical drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the hole opening auger;
the earthing device is composed of a pair of semicircular arc earthing plates symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hole-opening auger, and the earthing plates can move in a reciprocating manner through driving of a hydraulic cylinder;
the device also comprises a control device, wherein the hole opening auger is provided with a height sensor connected with the control device;
when the height value acquired by the height sensor is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, the control device controls the first opening and closing plate to be closed so as to block the fertilizer guide pipe above, and the second opening and closing plate is opened so as to open the fertilizer guide pipe below; when the height value acquired by the height sensor is smaller than a preset threshold value, the control device controls the first opening and closing plate to open the fertilizer guide pipe above, and the second opening and closing plate is closed to seal the fertilizer guide pipe below.
Preferably, the blades are uniformly arranged in four rows along the peripheral direction of the cutter shaft, namely, the adjacent two rows of blades form an included angle of 90 degrees. The cutter shaft which rotates drives the blade to crush the fertilizer more uniformly and the efficiency is higher.
Preferably, the opening and closing plate is composed of two symmetrical plates which can move relatively. In this way, feeding can be more convenient.
In the operation process, the hole fertilizer applicator is moved to the position under each fruit tree in sequence, and hole opening fertilization is carried out sequentially. In the fertilization process, when fertilizer is fed into a fertilizer box, a blade is driven by a rotary cutter shaft to crush the fertilizer and squeeze the fertilizer at the bottom to be fed into a fertilizer guide pipe, the crushed fertilizer slides along the fertilizer guide pipe, and the fertilizer is crushed and squeezed under the action of a cutter roller to prevent blockage.
According to the invention, the height sensor arranged on the hole-opening auger is used for controlling the opening and closing states of the two opening and closing plates on the fertilizer guide pipe to feed, and because the fruit trees of the same batch of varieties are basically the same in size, the holes with the same depth can be ensured to be fertilized, the fertilizer fed at the moment is quantitative fertilizer, and the fertilizer can not be scattered when the hole-opening auger is moved from fruit trees, so that unnecessary waste is avoided. When the fertilizer is applied to fruit trees of different batches, the fertilizer application amount can be adjusted by controlling different hole opening depths.
According to the invention, the height sensor is arranged on the vertical hole opening auger, and fertilization can be carried out according to the position of the hole opening auger in soil, so that quantitative fertilizer is fed into a designated position through the fertilizer guide pipe, and the hole opening auger is positioned at the discharge hole of the fertilizer guide pipe, so that the fertilizer can be mixed with the soil along with rotation of the auger, and finally buried in the soil under the fruit tree under the action of the earthing device. Therefore, the fertilizer can be uniformly distributed, and the roots of fruit trees scattered in the soil can be absorbed, so that the root at a certain position is prevented from being burnt out due to the concentrated fertilizer.
The invention utilizes the knife roller to crush and squeeze the fertilizer and the two opening and closing plates to realize fertilizer feeding, has simple structure and reasonable design, and can always rotate to cause certain stirring of the fertilizer in the fertilizer feeding process, thereby realizing the blocking phenomenon in the fertilizer feeding process.
The further improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the bottom of the fertilizer box is provided with a movable bottom plate for adjusting the outlet size of the discharge hole of the fertilizer box.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a left side view of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a hole opening device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fertilizer pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of a cutter roll in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an earthing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: the novel multifunctional fertilizer box comprises a fertilizer box 1, a motor 2, a motor output shaft 3, a frame 4, a fertilizer guide pipe 5, a first opening plate 5-1, a second opening plate 5-2, an opening auger 6, a helical blade 6-1, a drill bit 6-2, a soil covering plate 7, a bearing seat 8, a gearbox 9, a power input shaft 10, a hydraulic push rod 11, a bottom plate 12, a knife roll 13, a knife blade 13-1 and a knife shaft 13-2.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole applicator of the embodiment comprises a frame 4, and a hole opening device, a fertilizer feeding device and a soil covering device which are arranged on the frame.
The fertilizer feeding device comprises a fertilizer box 1 and a fertilizer guide pipe 5 which are fixed on a frame 4. As shown in fig. 6, the fertilizer guide pipe 5 is arc-shaped along the length direction, and the feed inlet of the fertilizer guide pipe 5 is communicated with the discharge outlet of the fertilizer box 1; two first opening plates 5-1 and two second opening plates 5-2 which can be used for plugging or opening the fertilizer guide pipe 5 are arranged in the fertilizer guide pipe 5 at intervals, and the first opening plate 5-1 is closer to a feed inlet of the fertilizer guide pipe 5 than the second opening plate 5-2. Preferably, the first opening and closing plate and the second opening and closing plate are respectively composed of two symmetrical plates which can move relatively.
The inside of the fertilizer box 1 is provided with a knife roller 13, as shown in fig. 7, the knife roller 13 comprises a knife shaft 13-2 horizontally arranged in the fertilizer box 1 and a plurality of blades 13-1 uniformly distributed on the knife shaft 13-2, the knife shaft 13-2 is fixedly arranged on the frame 4 through a bearing seat 8, the blades 13-1 are uniformly arranged into four rows along the peripheral direction of the knife shaft 13-2, an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between every two adjacent rows of blades 13-1, and the knife shaft 13-2 is driven to rotate by a motor 2 arranged on the frame 4.
As shown in fig. 5, the hole opening device is composed of a hole opening auger 6 vertically arranged at the discharge hole of the fertilizer guide pipe 5, the hole opening auger 6 is provided with a helical blade 6-1, and the bottom of the hole opening auger 6 is provided with a conical drill bit 6-2.
As shown in fig. 8, the soil covering device is composed of a pair of semicircular arc-shaped soil covering plates 7 symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hole opening auger 6, and the soil covering plates 7 can reciprocate under the driving of a hydraulic cylinder 11, so that the soil covering function is realized.
The embodiment also comprises a control device (not shown in the figure), and the hole opening auger 6 is provided with a height sensor (not shown in the figure) connected with the control device;
in the fertilization process, when the height value acquired by the height sensor is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, the control device controls the first opening plate 5-1 to be closed so as to block the fertilizer guide pipe 5 above, and the second opening plate 5-2 is opened so as to open the fertilizer guide pipe 5 below; when the height value acquired by the height sensor is smaller than a preset threshold value, the control device controls the first opening plate 5-1 to be opened so as to open the fertilizer guide pipe 5 above, and the second opening plate 5-2 to be closed so as to block the fertilizer guide pipe 5 below, and the fertilizer to be fertilized is stored between the first opening plate 5-1 and the second opening plate 5-2. That is, when the opening of the pit is started, the first opening plate 5-1 is opened, the second opening plate 5-2 is closed, the pit opening auger 6 moves upwards after opening the pit downwards at the moment, when the pit opening auger 6 rises to a certain height, the first opening plate 5-1 is closed, the second opening plate 5-2 is opened for fertilizer feeding, at the moment, the fertilizer at the section between the two opening plates in the fertilizer guide pipe slides into the hole which is opened, and then the soil covering function is realized by the soil covering device. When another fruit tree is fertilized, the hole opening auger 6 repeatedly opens holes downwards and then the two opening and closing plates are reset, namely the first opening and closing plate is opened, and the second opening and closing plate is closed.
The control device controls the first opening plate 5-1 and the second opening plate 5-2 to be closed or opened in the prior art, and no description is repeated.
When the embodiment is used for fertilizing fruit trees of different batches, the fertilizing amount can be adjusted by controlling different hole opening depths. However, the adjustment of the hole opening depth alone does not necessarily fully satisfy the fertilizer application requirements, and therefore, the present embodiment can be modified as follows: the bottom of the fertilizer box 1 is embedded with a movable bottom plate 12 for adjusting the outlet size of the discharge outlet of the fertilizer box 1, so that the flow rate of fertilizer falling into the fertilizer guide pipe 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the movable bottom plate 12, thereby meeting the fertilizer application requirements of different fruit tree varieties. The bottom plate 12 can be directly provided with a chute in the fertilizer box, the bottom plate 12 is embedded into the chute, and the size of the outlet of the discharge hole of the fertilizer box is regulated by the movement of the bottom plate along the chute. Of course, other known arrangements may be used.
The present invention is not limited to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments, and other embodiments may be provided in addition to the above embodiments. All technical schemes formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. An orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole applicator comprises a frame, and a hole opening device, a fertilizer feeding device and a soil covering device which are arranged on the frame; the method is characterized in that:
the fertilizer feeding device comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer guide pipe which are fixed on the frame, wherein a feed inlet of the fertilizer guide pipe is communicated with a discharge outlet of the fertilizer box; the first opening and closing plates and the second opening and closing plates are arranged in the fertilizer guide pipe at intervals, and the first opening and closing plates are closer to a feed inlet of the fertilizer guide pipe than the second opening and closing plates; the fertilizer box is internally provided with a knife roller, the knife roller comprises a knife shaft horizontally arranged on the fertilizer box and a plurality of blades uniformly distributed on the knife shaft, and the knife shaft is driven to rotate by a motor arranged on a frame;
the hole opening device consists of a hole opening auger vertically arranged at the discharge hole of the fertilizer guide pipe, and a conical drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the hole opening auger;
the earthing device is composed of a pair of semicircular arc earthing plates symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hole-opening auger, and the earthing plates can move in a reciprocating manner through driving of a hydraulic cylinder;
the device also comprises a control device, wherein the hole opening auger is provided with a height sensor connected with the control device;
in the fertilization process, when the height value acquired by the height sensor is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, the control device controls the first opening and closing plate to be closed, and the second opening and closing plate to be opened; when the height value acquired by the height sensor is smaller than a preset threshold value, the control device controls the first opening and closing plate to be opened and the second opening and closing plate to be closed; the blades are uniformly arranged into four rows along the peripheral direction of the cutter shaft, namely, the adjacent two rows of blades form an included angle of 90 degrees; the first opening and closing plate and the second opening and closing plate are composed of two symmetrical plates which can move relatively.
2. The orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole applicator according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the fertilizer box is embedded with a movable bottom plate for adjusting the outlet size of the discharge hole of the fertilizer box.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201710191125.0A CN106937538B (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | Orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole-applying machine |
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CN201710191125.0A CN106937538B (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | Orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole-applying machine |
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CN106937538A CN106937538A (en) | 2017-07-11 |
CN106937538B true CN106937538B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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CN201710191125.0A Active CN106937538B (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | Orchard anti-blocking quantitative fertilizer hole-applying machine |
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Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107333501B (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2018-05-18 | 蒙城县育田机械有限公司 | One kind is used for subsoil application device |
CN107787651A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-13 | 吴世贵 | A kind of corn cultivates rake device |
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CN105144918A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-16 | 西北农林科技大学 | Device and method for trip-type ditching toward-target hole fertilization in orchard |
CN205232768U (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-18 | 芜湖禾沐农业科技有限公司 | A fertilizer injection unit for agricultural |
CN206658433U (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-11-24 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of anti-blocking quantitative application in the planting hole machine in orchard |
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2017
- 2017-03-28 CN CN201710191125.0A patent/CN106937538B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2010213584A (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-30 | Tanaka Koki Kk | Agricultural implement for manuring |
CN201888078U (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2011-07-06 | 山东农业大学 | Precision fruit tree fertilizing machine |
CN202503907U (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2012-10-31 | 宋德俊 | Auger type fruit tree fertilizer applicator |
CN202679965U (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2013-01-23 | 新疆农业大学 | Quantitative fertilizer application device of orchard fertilizer applicator |
CN103314689A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | Intelligent orchard ditching and fertilizing machine with automatic navigation function |
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CN105144918A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-16 | 西北农林科技大学 | Device and method for trip-type ditching toward-target hole fertilization in orchard |
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