CN213280653U

CN213280653U - Traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader

Info

Publication number: CN213280653U
Application number: CN202021199071.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱新华; 伏胜康; 赵伟; 魏玉强
Original assignee: Northwest A&F University
Current assignee: Northwest A&F University
Priority date: 2020-06-25
Filing date: 2020-06-25
Publication date: 2021-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double spiral organic fertilizer spreader of towed belongs to the agricultural machine field. The fertilizer distributor at least comprises a fertilizer distributor body, double-row spiral fertilizer conveying devices, a transmission gear set, a fertilizer discharging device and a hydraulic system; the fertilizer application vehicle body at least comprises a traction rod, a traveling wheel mechanism, a carriage, a fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel and a fertilizer limiting plate; the double-row spiral device at least comprises a plurality of large spirals at the lower row and a plurality of small spirals at the upper row; the transmission gear set at least comprises a plurality of lower-row large gears, a plurality of lower-row small gears and a plurality of upper-row gears; the fertilizer applying device at least comprises a frame, a chain plate mechanism, a transverse slide rail and a fertilizer applying groove baffle; the hydraulic system at least comprises a duplex pump, a fertilizer feeding motor, a fertilizer discharging motor and an oil tank. This fertilizer distributor's double spiral send fertile device to be the screw mechanism of two rows of opposite propelling movement directions about, plays to cut off and tear the effect to fertilizer, avoids fertilizer to make somebody a mere figurehead to lead to send fertile not smooth scheduling problem, and specially adapted mixes the while fertilization operation to stable manure fertilization or multiple fertilizer.

Description

Traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader

Technical Field

The utility model discloses a double spiral organic fertilizer spreader of towed belongs to the agricultural machine field, in particular to orchard organic fertilizer uses mechanical equipment.

Background

In recent years, the production of green organic food is a new direction pursued by people, green fruits can greatly improve the added value, people pay more attention to health and prefer green, safe and pollution-free healthy food, the requirement on the quality of crops is higher and higher, and the demand of organic fertilizer is increased. The organic fertilizer applied to the orchard accords with the green development concept, and the construction of the organic orchard is also trendy. The organic fertilizer mainly comprises compost, stable manure, straws, bacterial residues, green manure, mud manure and the like, if the wastes are not effectively utilized, the environment can be greatly polluted, but the wastes can be applied to the field as the organic fertilizer, so that the soil structure can be improved, the soil fertility can be improved, the output rate of cultivated land can be improved, the pollution of various wastes such as livestock manure, crop straws, domestic organic garbage and the like to the environment can be reduced, and the method is an effective method for realizing sustainable development of agriculture.

In production, the organic fertilizer is applied in a mode that ditches are firstly dug on two sides of a fruit tree, and then the organic fertilizer is manually filled into the ditches for earthing, so that the manual fertilization has low efficiency, high labor intensity and high cost, a large amount of labor force is bound, the fertilization uniformity is poor, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is low; with the continuous enlargement of the planting area of the orchard and the continuous improvement of the modern planting management technology, the requirements of people on the technology of mechanically applying the organic fertilizer to the fruit trees are higher and higher, the orchard fertilizing machinery in China is still imperfect, and especially because the mechanical technical difficulty of applying the organic fertilizer to the orchard is higher, the mechanical application of the organic fertilizer to the orchard is more limited, and the technical requirements of the orchard on the fertilizing machinery can not be met far; in addition, in the aspect of machinery for applying fertilizers to both sides and applying fertilizer strips to one side of an orchard row in China, machinery for efficiently applying fertilizers to rural wastes such as stable manure, livestock manure, straw compost and biogas residues is still quite vacant, and therefore the fertilizer applying machinery is required to have certain adaptability and fragmenting performance to fertilizers such as stable manure.

In addition, with the unbalanced soil fertilizer in the orchard, a plurality of fertilizers are required to be mixed and applied, the problems that manual fertilizer mixing is difficult, the fertilizer utilization rate is low due to fertilizer mixing and applying segmentation and the like exist, operation machinery for mixing and applying fertilizers at the same time is lacked, and the fertilizer applying machinery is required to have the function of timely applying the fertilizers after the fertilizers are effectively mixed.

The utility model discloses a double spiral organic fertilizer spreader of towed, this fertilizer spreader not only can realize that the orchard is interplant mechanized fertilizer of using, solve fertilization and the problem of limit fertilizer application technique difficulty between the orchard is interplant, and can be to the mechanized fertilization of the organic fertilizer of different miscellaneous rates, moisture content and viscosity moreover, it is efficient to have a fertilization, strong adaptability, economical and practical's characteristics, this machine is applicable to the orchard and spreads fertilizer to throw in the ditch or the area and the formation strip under the fruit tree crown between the trunk in the ditch or the strip shop fertilization.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a double spiral organic fertilizer spreader of towed not only can realize that orchard intertillage mechanization is used organic fertilizer of different miscellaneous rates, moisture content and viscosity, solve the problem that orchard ditch was used organic fertilizer technique difficulty, and can realize controllable and fertilization strip width and position adjustable of fertilization rate, and the fertilization operation that the vehicle head falls can freely switch over to left side fertilization and right side fertilization in the orchard fertilization operation, it is efficient to have a fertilization, strong adaptability, economical and practical's characteristics, the machine is applicable to the orchard and spreads fertilizer in the ditch or the inter-plant region and the formation strip under the fruit tree crown to ditch or strip shop fertilization.

The utility model discloses the technical problem who solves: the method is used for breaking the organic fertilizer with high impurity content and high viscosity, mixing the fertilizer and continuously and uniformly spreading the fertilizer under the row furrows or inter-plant areas of the orchard and the crown of the fruit tree to form strips, has certain capacity of effectively increasing the volume of the fertilizer box and preventing the fertilizer box from being overhead, and can realize the fertilization operation that the fertilization amount is controllable, the width and the position of the fertilization strips are adjustable, and the left fertilization and the right fertilization can be freely switched by a vehicle head dropping in the fertilization operation of the orchard.

In order to solve the technical problems, the following technical scheme is provided:

a traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader is characterized in that a fertilizer spreader 2 at least comprises a fertilizer spreading vehicle body 3, a double-row spiral fertilizer conveying device 6, a transmission gear set 4, a fertilizer discharging device 7 and a hydraulic system 5; the fertilizer distributor 2 works under the traction of the tractor 1, and inputs power to the hydraulic system 5 through a rear output shaft of the tractor 1 to provide power for the double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device 6 and the fertilizer discharging device 7; the fertilizing vehicle body 3 at least comprises a traction rod 8, a walking wheel mechanism 17, a carriage 16, a fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel 18 and a fertilizer limiting plate 19; the traction rod 8 is arranged at the front end of the fertilizing vehicle body 3, is connected with the tractor 1 during working, and drives the fertilizing vehicle body 3 to advance under the traction action of the tractor 1; the travelling wheel mechanism 17 is arranged below a carriage 16, the carriage 16 is rectangular, the rear part of the carriage is provided with a fertilizer limiting plate 19 and a fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel 18, and the size of a fertilizer feeding port 20 is adjusted by manually rotating the fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel 18.

The double-row spiral fertilizer conveying device 6 at least comprises a plurality of large spirals 24 at the lower row and a plurality of small spirals 25 at the upper row; the rotation directions of two adjacent large spiral blades 24 at the lower row are opposite; the plurality of lower-row large screws 24 are uniformly distributed and horizontally distributed at the bottom of the carriage 16, and when the device works, the rotating directions of two adjacent lower-row large screws 24 are opposite, but the pushing directions are the same, and the two lower-row large screws are pushed backwards; the number of the upper row small screw 25 is one less than that of the lower row large screw 24, the screw blade rotating directions of two adjacent upper row small screws 25 are opposite, and the plurality of upper row small screws 25 are uniformly arranged above the lower row large screw 24 and are axially parallel to the lower row large screw 24; each upper row of small spirals 25 is spatially centrally staggered with two lower rows of large spirals 24; the rotating directions of the screw shafts of the two adjacent small screws 25 at the upper row are opposite, but the pushing directions are the same, and the screw shafts are both pushed forwards and are opposite to the pushing direction of the large screw 24 at the lower row; the rotating speed of the upper row of small screws 25 is greater than that of the lower row of large screws 24, but the diameter of the blades of the upper row of small screws 25 is smaller than that of the blades of the lower row of large screws 24; the upper row of small screws 25 and the lower row of large screws 24 simultaneously push the fertilizer to different directions to form the effects of mixing, stirring and shredding the fertilizer layers, and the backward conveying capacity of the lower row of large screws 24 is greater than the forward conveying capacity of the upper row of small screws 25.

The transmission gear set 4 is installed at the bottom of the front end of the compartment 16 and at least comprises a plurality of lower-row large gears 21, a plurality of lower-row small gears 22 and a plurality of upper-row gears 23; the plurality of lower-row large gears 21 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the shafts of the plurality of lower-row large screws 24, and the shaft of one lower-row large screw 24 is connected with the fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor 12 through a coupler; the sizes of the large gears 21 in the lower row are the same, and the large gears in the lower row are meshed with each other for transmission to drive the large screws 24 in the lower row to rotate so as to push the fertilizer backwards; the lower row of small gears 22 and the upper row of gears 23 are the same as the upper row of small screws 25 in number, a plurality of lower row of small gears 22 are respectively arranged on the shafts of a plurality of adjacent lower row of large screws 24, and a plurality of upper row of gears 23 are respectively correspondingly arranged on the shafts of the upper row of small screws 25; the lower row of small gears 22 arranged on the shaft of the lower row of large screws 24 are respectively meshed with the upper row of gears 23 arranged on the shaft of the upper row of small screws 25 adjacent to the lower row of small screws; the diameter of the lower row of large spirals 24 is not smaller than that of the lower row of small gears 22, and the diameter of the lower row of small gears 22 is not smaller than that of the upper row of gears 23; when the fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor 12 works, the shaft of one lower-row large screw 24 and the lower-row large gear 21 and the lower-row small gear 22 which are arranged on the shaft are driven by the coupler, the lower-row large gear 21 drives the other lower-row large gear 21 which is meshed with the lower-row large gear, and the lower-row small gear 22 drives the upper-row gear 23 which is meshed with the lower-row small gear, so that the rotating speed of the upper-row small screw 25 is increased.

The fertilizer applying device 7 at least comprises a frame 26, a chain plate mechanism 27, a transverse slide rail 28 and a fertilizer applying groove baffle 29; the frame 26 is fixed at the rear lower part of the fertilizing vehicle body 3; a chain plate mechanism 27 and a fertilizer discharging groove baffle 29 are arranged on the transverse sliding rail 28, the transverse sliding rail 28 can transversely and freely move above the rack 26, the blanking position is adjusted, and the transverse sliding rail is locked after being adjusted; the chain plate mechanism 27 at least comprises 2 shafts and chain wheels 31, a chain 30 and scrapers 32, wherein the shafts and the chain wheels 31 are symmetrically arranged at the left end and the right end and the front end and the rear end of the shafts and the chain wheels 31 and are fixed at the two ends of the transverse sliding rail 28, the shafts and the chain wheels 31 are meshed with the chain 30 to rotate, and the scrapers 32 are fixed on the chain 30.

The hydraulic system 5 at least comprises a duplex pump 9, a fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor 12, a fertilizer discharging hydraulic motor 15, an oil tank 13, an oil tank port 14, an oil outlet 10, an oil return port 11, a fertilizer feeding reversing valve 33, a fertilizer feeding speed regulating valve 34, a fertilizer discharging speed regulating valve 35 and a fertilizer discharging reversing valve 36; the duplex pump 9 is arranged on the traction rod 8, the input end of the duplex pump is connected with the rear output shaft of the tractor 1 to realize power input, and the duplex pump is connected with the oil outlet 10 and the oil return port 11 of the oil tank 13, the fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor 12 and the fertilizer discharging hydraulic motor 15 to form a closed loop; the fertilizer feeding reversing valve 33 is a two-position two-way manual reversing valve, the fertilizer feeding reversing valve 33 and the fertilizer feeding speed regulating valve 34 are connected in series to a closed loop where the fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor 12 is located, the fertilizer discharging reversing valve 36 is a three-position four-way manual reversing valve, and the fertilizer discharging reversing valve 36 and the fertilizer discharging speed regulating valve 35 are connected in series to a closed loop where the fertilizer discharging hydraulic motor 15 is located; the oil tank is arranged on the upper part of the front end surface of a carriage 16, the upper surface of the oil tank is provided with an oil tank port 14, and the upper part and the lower part of the left side surface of the oil tank are respectively provided with an oil return port 11 and an oil outlet 10; the fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor 12 is arranged below a front end surface oil tank 13 of a carriage 16 and is connected with a lower-row large spiral 24 shaft in the middle through a coupler to provide power for the double-row spiral fertilizer delivery device 6; the fertilizer application hydraulic motor 15 is fixedly mounted on the front surface of the transverse slide rail 28, is connected with a shaft and a chain wheel 31 at one end of the chain plate mechanism 27, and provides power for the chain plate mechanism 27 of the fertilizer application device 7.

The fertilizer distributor 2 is driven by a hydraulic system 5, the fertilizer distributor 2 works under the traction of the tractor 1, and power is output from the tractor 1 to the hydraulic system 5 to provide power for a double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device 6 and a fertilizer discharging device 7; the rotating speed and the rotating direction of a chain plate mechanism 27 of the fertilizer feeding device 7 are adjustable; the width and the position of the fertilizer bar application are adjusted by adjusting the lower fertilizer speed regulating valve 35 to change the rotating speed of the chain plate mechanism 27, and the free switching of the left side fertilization and the right side fertilization by the vehicle head dropping in the orchard fertilization operation is realized by adjusting the lower fertilizer reversing valve 36 to switch the steering of the chain plate mechanism 27.

The size of the fertilizer feeding port 20 and the fertilizer feeding speed are adjustable; wherein, the fertilizer limiting position of the fertilizer limiting plate 19 is changed by manually rotating the fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel 18 to adjust the size of the fertilizer feeding port 20, and the fertilizer feeding speed of the double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device 6 is adjusted by adjusting the fertilizer feeding speed regulating valve 34 to change the rotating speed of the fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor 12; the quantitative adjustment of the fertilizing amount is realized by changing the size of the fertilizer feeding port 20 and the fertilizer feeding speed.

The fertilizer discharging device 7 can transversely slide along the rack 26 along with the transverse slide rail 28, and the extension length of the fertilizer discharging device 7 is adjusted by manually adjusting, locking and positioning the transverse sliding distance, so that the precise fertilizer application to the ditch is realized.

The fertilizer distributor 2 is suitable for applying fertilizer to ditches or spreading the fertilizer in strips by organic fertilizer, agricultural waste and chemical fertilizer.

A traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader has the working principle as follows:

a double spiral organic fertilizer spreader of towed not only can realize that the orchard trunk mechanization is used different organic fertilizer that contain miscellaneous rate, moisture content and viscosity between the trunk, solve the problem that the organic fertilizer technique difficulty was used to orchard ditch, and can realize that the amount of fertilizer application is controllable and fertilize strip width and position are adjustable, and the fertilization operation that can freely switch over is fertilized left side and right side to vehicle head-off in the orchard fertilization operation, it is efficient to have the fertilization, strong adaptability, economical and practical's characteristics, be applicable to the orchard and fertilize to ditch or strip shop fertilizies and spill fertilizer in the ditch or the trunk regional and fruit tree form the strip under the hat.

The specific process and the working principle are expressed as follows:

when fertilizer application operation is carried out on organic fertilizer furrows or plants in an orchard, a hand wheel of a fertilizer limiting plate is manually adjusted according to the fertilizer application amount requirements of different operations so as to meet the fertilizer feeding opening size of the required fertilizer application amount; meanwhile, the extension length of the fertilizer discharging device is adjusted through manual sliding and positioning of the transverse sliding rails according to the fertilizing area requirements of different operations, and accurate ditch alignment is achieved. During the fertilization operation, two-layer fertilizer about organic fertilizer is arranged little spiral and the reverse propelling movement of big spiral down by row in the railway carriage and forms, produces shredding and cutting off action to fertilizer simultaneously, prevents that the fertilizer case from forming built on stilts phenomenon, and upper fertilizer is pushed to big spiral propelling movement head down and forms lower floor's fertilizer gradually, and lower floor's fertilizer is pushed to delivering fertilizer mouthful to and continuously evenly falls to the lower fertilizer inslot of fertilizer device down, is broadcast by chain trigger mechanism and is executed to strip ditch or the trunk region between the orchard row. The traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader can properly adjust the rotating speed of a fertilizer feeding spiral, the rotating speed of a fertilizer feeding chain plate and the rotating direction to adjust the fertilizing amount, the width and the position of a fertilizing strip according to the impurity content and the water content of different types of organic fertilizers, and can also adjust the fertilizing operation of freely switching left-side fertilization and right-side fertilization by a vehicle head dropping in the orchard fertilizing operation.

The beneficial technical effects are as follows:

the utility model discloses a double spiral organic fertilizer spreader of towed has following characteristics: (1) the organic fertilizer with high impurity content, high water content and high viscosity can be applied mechanically among the plants in the orchard, and the problem that the organic fertilizer is difficult to apply in the grooves of the orchard is solved; (2) the fertilizer box can effectively avoid the problems of fertilizer overhead phenomenon and material blockage, and meanwhile, the volume of the fertilizer box can be effectively increased due to the rectangular fertilizer box; (3) the integrated mixed fertilizer application operation of mixing and applying fertilizers simultaneously can be realized for various fertilizers; (4) adopt hydraulic system drive mode, drive gear group design benefit, whole quick-witted power supply is less, compact structure, and the driving speed is controllable, can realize controllable and fertilization strip width of fertilization volume and adjustable and the orchard fertilization operation that the vehicle head falls can freely switch over to left side fertilization and right side fertilization in the fertilization operation, have fertilization efficiency height, strong adaptability, economical and practical's characteristics. The machine is suitable for applying fertilizer to ditches or strip pavements of an orchard, and fertilizer is scattered in the strip ditches or in inter-plant areas and under fruit tree crowns to form strips.

Reference numerals:

1. the tractor 2, the fertilizer spreader 3, the fertilizer spreading vehicle body 4, the transmission gear set 5, the hydraulic system 6, the double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device 7, the fertilizer discharging device 8, the traction rod 9, the double-coupled pump 10, the oil outlet 11, the oil return port 12, the fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor 13, the oil tank 14, the oil tank port 15, the fertilizer discharging hydraulic motor 16, the carriage 17, the travelling wheel mechanism 18, the fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel 19, the fertilizer limiting plate 20, the fertilizer feeding port 21, the lower row large gear 22, the lower row small gear 23, the upper row small screw 24, the lower row large screw 25, the upper row small screw 26, the rack 27, the chain plate mechanism 28, the transverse slide rail 29, the fertilizer discharging groove baffle 30, the chain 31, the shaft and the chain wheel 32, the scraper 33, the fertilizer feeding reversing valve 34, the fertilizer feeding speed regulating valve 35, the fertilizer discharging speed regulating valve 36.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a drawing of a tractor drawing a double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader;

FIG. 2 is a general structure diagram of a traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a fertilizing vehicle body and a hydraulic system of a traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a fertilizer application vehicle body and a hydraulic system of a traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device and a transmission gear set of the traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader;

FIG. 6 is a left side view of a double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device and a transmission gear set of the traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a transmission gear set of a traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader;

FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a fertilizer feeding device of a traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader;

FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a chain plate mechanism of a traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader;

FIG. 10 is a hydraulic system diagram of a traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

in the embodiment, organic fertilizer with high impurity content and high water content is continuously and uniformly scattered in the inter-row furrows or inter-plant areas of the orchard and under the crowns of fruit trees to form strips.

As shown in figure 1, the traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader is characterized in that a fertilizer spreader 2 is connected with a tractor 1, moves forward under the traction action of the tractor 1, and inputs power to the fertilizer spreader 2 through a rear output shaft of the tractor 1.

As shown in fig. 2, the fertilizer distributor 2 at least comprises a fertilizer distributor body 3, a double-row spiral fertilizer conveying device 6, a transmission gear set 4, a fertilizer discharging device 7 and a hydraulic system 5; the fertilizer distributor 2 works under the traction of the tractor 1, and inputs power to the hydraulic system 5 through a rear output shaft of the tractor 1 to provide power for the double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device 6 and the fertilizer discharging device 7.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the fertilizing vehicle body 3 at least comprises a traction rod 8, a road wheel mechanism 17, a carriage 16, a fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel 18 and a fertilizer limiting plate 19; the traction rod 8 is arranged at the front end of the fertilizing vehicle body 3, is connected with the tractor 1 during working, and drives the fertilizing vehicle body 3 to advance under the traction action of the tractor 1; the travelling wheel mechanism 17 is arranged below a carriage 16, the carriage 16 is rectangular, the rear part of the carriage is provided with a fertilizer limiting plate 19 and a fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel 18, and the size of a fertilizer feeding port 20 is adjusted by manually rotating the fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel 18.

As shown in fig. 3 and 10, the hydraulic system 5 at least includes a dual pump 9, a fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor 12, a fertilizer discharging hydraulic motor 15, an oil tank 13, an oil tank port 14, an oil outlet 10, an oil return port 11, a fertilizer feeding reversing valve 33, a fertilizer feeding speed regulating valve 34, a fertilizer discharging speed regulating valve 35, and a fertilizer discharging reversing valve 36; the duplex pump 9 is arranged on the traction rod 8, the input end of the duplex pump is connected with the rear output shaft of the tractor 1 to realize power input, and the duplex pump is connected with the oil outlet 10 and the oil return port 11 of the oil tank 13, the fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor 12 and the fertilizer discharging hydraulic motor 15 to form a closed loop; the fertilizer feeding reversing valve 33 is a two-position two-way manual reversing valve, the fertilizer feeding reversing valve 33 and the fertilizer feeding speed regulating valve 34 are connected in series to a closed loop where the fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor 12 is located, the fertilizer discharging reversing valve 36 is a three-position four-way manual reversing valve, and the fertilizer discharging reversing valve 36 and the fertilizer discharging speed regulating valve 35 are connected in series to a closed loop where the fertilizer discharging hydraulic motor 15 is located; the oil tank is arranged on the upper part of the front end surface of a carriage 16, the upper surface of the oil tank is provided with an oil tank port 14, and the upper part and the lower part of the left side surface of the oil tank are respectively provided with an oil return port 11 and an oil outlet 10; the fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor 12 is arranged below a front end surface oil tank 13 of a carriage 16 and is connected with a lower-row large spiral 24 shaft in the middle through a coupler to provide power for the double-row spiral fertilizer delivery device 6; the fertilizer application hydraulic motor 15 is fixedly mounted on the front surface of the transverse slide rail 28, is connected with a shaft and a chain wheel 31 at one end of the chain plate mechanism 27, and provides power for the chain plate mechanism 27 of the fertilizer application device 7.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the double-row spiral fertilizer conveying device 6 at least comprises a plurality of large screws 24 at the lower row and a plurality of small screws 25 at the upper row; the rotation directions of two adjacent large spiral blades 24 at the lower row are opposite; the plurality of lower-row large screws 24 are uniformly distributed and horizontally distributed at the bottom of the carriage 16, and when the device works, the rotating directions of two adjacent lower-row large screws 24 are opposite, but the pushing directions are the same, and the two lower-row large screws are pushed backwards; the number of the upper row small screw 25 is one less than that of the lower row large screw 24, the screw blade rotating directions of two adjacent upper row small screws 25 are opposite, and the plurality of upper row small screws 25 are uniformly arranged above the lower row large screw 24 and are axially parallel to the lower row large screw 24; each upper row of small spirals 25 is spatially centrally staggered with two lower rows of large spirals 24; the rotating directions of the screw shafts of the two adjacent small screws 25 at the upper row are opposite, but the pushing directions are the same, and the screw shafts are both pushed forwards and are opposite to the pushing direction of the large screw 24 at the lower row; the rotating speed of the upper row of small screws 25 is greater than that of the lower row of large screws 24, but the diameter of the blades of the upper row of small screws 25 is smaller than that of the blades of the lower row of large screws 24; the upper row of small screws 25 and the lower row of large screws 24 simultaneously push the fertilizer to different directions to form the effects of mixing, stirring and shredding the fertilizer layers, and the backward conveying capacity of the lower row of large screws 24 is greater than the forward conveying capacity of the upper row of small screws 25.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the transmission gear set 4 is installed at the bottom of the front end of the compartment 16 and at least includes a plurality of lower large gears 21, a plurality of lower small gears 22 and a plurality of upper gears 23; the plurality of lower-row large gears 21 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the shafts of the plurality of lower-row large screws 24, and the shaft of one lower-row large screw 24 is connected with the fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor 12 through a coupler; the sizes of the large gears 21 in the lower row are the same, and the large gears in the lower row are meshed with each other for transmission to drive the large screws 24 in the lower row to rotate so as to push the fertilizer backwards; the lower row of small gears 22 and the upper row of gears 23 are the same as the upper row of small screws 25 in number, a plurality of lower row of small gears 22 are respectively arranged on the shafts of a plurality of adjacent lower row of large screws 24, and a plurality of upper row of gears 23 are respectively correspondingly arranged on the shafts of the upper row of small screws 25; the lower row of small gears 22 arranged on the shaft of the lower row of large screws 24 are respectively meshed with the upper row of gears 23 arranged on the shaft of the upper row of small screws 25 adjacent to the lower row of small screws; the diameter of the lower row of large spirals 24 is not smaller than that of the lower row of small gears 22, and the diameter of the lower row of small gears 22 is not smaller than that of the upper row of gears 23; when the fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor 12 works, the shaft of one lower-row large screw 24 and the lower-row large gear 21 and the lower-row small gear 22 which are arranged on the shaft are driven by the coupler, the lower-row large gear 21 drives the other lower-row large gear 21 which is meshed with the lower-row large gear, and the lower-row small gear 22 drives the upper-row gear 23 which is meshed with the lower-row small gear, so that the rotating speed of the upper-row small screw 25 is increased.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the fertilizing device 7 at least comprises a frame 26, a chain plate mechanism 27, a transverse slide rail 28 and a fertilizing slot baffle 29; the frame 26 is fixed at the rear lower part of the fertilizing vehicle body 3; the transverse slide rail 28 is provided with a chain plate mechanism 27 and a fertilizer discharging groove baffle 29, and the transverse slide rail 28 can transversely and freely move above the rack 26, adjust the blanking position and lock after adjustment.

As shown in fig. 9, the chain plate mechanism 27 at least includes 2 shafts and chain wheels 31, a chain 30 and scrapers 32, the shafts and chain wheels 31 are symmetrically arranged at left and right ends and front and back ends, and are fixed at two ends of the transverse slide rail 28, the shafts and chain wheels 31 are meshed with the chain 30 to rotate, and the scrapers 32 are fixed on the chain 30.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 10, the fertilizer distributor 2 is driven by a hydraulic system 5, and the fertilizer distributor 2 is driven by the tractor 1 to work, and outputs power from the tractor 1 to the hydraulic system 5 to provide power for a double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device 6 and a fertilizer discharging device 7; the rotating speed and the rotating direction of a chain plate mechanism 27 of the fertilizer feeding device 7 are adjustable; the width and the position of the fertilizer bar application are adjusted by adjusting the lower fertilizer speed regulating valve 35 to change the rotating speed of the chain plate mechanism 27, and the free switching of the left side fertilization and the right side fertilization by the vehicle head dropping in the orchard fertilization operation is realized by adjusting the lower fertilizer reversing valve 36 to switch the steering of the chain plate mechanism 27.

As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 10, the size of the fertilizer feeding port 20 and the fertilizer feeding speed are adjustable; wherein, the fertilizer limiting position of the fertilizer limiting plate 19 is changed by manually rotating the fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel 18 to adjust the size of the fertilizer feeding port 20, and the fertilizer feeding speed of the double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device 6 is adjusted by adjusting the fertilizer feeding speed regulating valve 34 to change the rotating speed of the fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor 12; the quantitative adjustment of the fertilizing amount is realized by changing the size of the fertilizer feeding port 20 and the fertilizer feeding speed.

As shown in fig. 8, the fertilizer discharging device 7 can slide along the transverse slide rail 28 along the rack 26, and the extension length of the fertilizer discharging device 7 can be adjusted by manually adjusting and locking the transverse sliding distance, so as to realize accurate fertilizer application to the ditch.

The traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader is suitable for applying fertilizer to ditches or spreading organic fertilizer, agricultural wastes and chemical fertilizer.

Further explaining the utility model discloses a double spiral organic fertilizer spreader of towed theory of operation:

a double spiral organic fertilizer spreader of towed not only can realize that the orchard trunk mechanization is used the organic fertilizer of different miscellaneous rates, moisture content and viscosity within a definite time, solve orchard ditch and use fertilizer and limit mixed fertilizer limit fertilization technical difficulty's problem, and can realize controllable and fertilization strip width of fertilization volume and position adjustable, and the fertilization operation that left side fertilization and right side fertilization can freely switch over, it is efficient to have a fertilization, strong adaptability, economical and practical's characteristics, be applicable to the orchard and spread fertilizer to ditch or strip shop and shed fertilizer in the ditch or the trunk regional and fruit tree crown down form the strip.

The specific process and the working principle are expressed as follows:

when fertilizer application operation is carried out on organic fertilizer furrows or plants in an orchard, a hand wheel of a fertilizer limiting plate is manually adjusted according to the fertilizer application amount requirements of different operations so as to meet the fertilizer feeding opening size of the required fertilizer application amount; meanwhile, the extension length of the fertilizer discharging device is adjusted through manual sliding and positioning of the transverse sliding rails according to the fertilizing area requirements of different operations, and accurate ditch alignment is achieved. During the fertilization operation, two-layer fertilizer about organic fertilizer is arranged little spiral and the reverse propelling movement of big spiral down by row in the railway carriage and forms, produces shredding and cutting off action to fertilizer simultaneously, prevents that the fertilizer case from forming built on stilts phenomenon, and upper fertilizer is pushed to big spiral propelling movement head down and forms lower floor's fertilizer gradually, and lower floor's fertilizer is pushed to delivering fertilizer mouthful to and continuously evenly falls to the lower fertilizer inslot of fertilizer device down, is broadcast by chain trigger mechanism and is executed to strip ditch or the trunk region between the orchard row. The traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader can properly adjust the rotating speed of a fertilizer feeding spiral, the rotating speed of a fertilizer feeding chain plate and the rotating speed of a turning direction to adjust the crushing degree, the fertilizing amount, the width and the position of a fertilizing strip according to the impurity content and the moisture content of different types of organic fertilizers, and can freely switch the left-side fertilization and the right-side fertilization when a vehicle turns around in the orchard fertilization operation.

Claims

1. A traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader is characterized in that a fertilizer spreader (2) at least comprises a fertilizer spreading vehicle body (3), a double-row spiral fertilizer conveying device (6), a transmission gear set (4), a fertilizer discharging device (7) and a hydraulic system (5); the fertilizer distributor (2) operates under the traction of the tractor (1), and inputs power to the hydraulic system (5) through a rear output shaft of the tractor (1) to provide power for the double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device (6) and the fertilizer discharging device (7); the fertilizer application vehicle body (3) at least comprises a traction rod (8), a walking wheel mechanism (17), a carriage (16), a fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel (18) and a fertilizer limiting plate (19); the traction rod (8) is arranged at the front end of the fertilizing vehicle body (3), is connected with the tractor (1) during working, and drives the fertilizing vehicle body (3) to advance under the traction action of the tractor (1); the walking wheel mechanism (17) is arranged below the carriage (16), the carriage (16) is rectangular, the rear part of the carriage is provided with a fertilizer limiting plate (19) and a fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel (18), and the size of the fertilizer feeding port (20) is adjusted by manually rotating the fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel (18);

the double-row spiral fertilizer conveying device (6) at least comprises a plurality of large spirals (24) arranged at the lower row and a plurality of small spirals (25) arranged at the upper row; the rotation directions of the blades of two adjacent large spiral (24) at the lower row are opposite; the plurality of lower-row large screws (24) are uniformly distributed and horizontally distributed at the bottom of the carriage (16), and when the device works, the rotating directions of the screw shafts of two adjacent lower-row large screws (24) are opposite, but the pushing directions are the same, and the two screw shafts are pushed backwards; the number of the upper row of small spirals (25) is one less than that of the lower row of large spirals (24), the spiral blade turning directions of two adjacent upper row of small spirals (25) are opposite, and the plurality of upper row of small spirals (25) are uniformly arranged above the lower row of large spirals (24) and are axially parallel to the lower row of large spirals (24); each upper row of small screw threads (25) and two lower row of large screw threads (24) are arranged in a staggered way in the middle of the space; the rotating directions of the screw shafts of the two adjacent small screws (25) at the upper row are opposite, but the pushing directions are the same, and the screw shafts are both pushed forwards and are opposite to the pushing direction of the large screws (24) at the lower row; the rotating speed of the upper row of small screws (25) is greater than that of the lower row of large screws (24), but the diameter of the blades of the upper row of small screws (25) is less than that of the blades of the lower row of large screws (24); the upper row of small screws (25) and the lower row of large screws (24) push fertilizers to different directions simultaneously to form the effects of mixing, stirring and shredding the fertilizer layers, and the backward conveying capacity of the lower row of large screws (24) is greater than the forward conveying capacity of the upper row of small screws (25);

the transmission gear set (4) is arranged at the bottom of the front end of the carriage (16) and at least comprises a plurality of lower-row large gears (21), a plurality of lower-row small gears (22) and a plurality of upper-row gears (23); the lower-row large gears (21) are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the shafts of the lower-row large screws (24), and the shaft of one lower-row large screw (24) is connected with the fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor (12) through a coupling; the sizes of the plurality of lower-row large gears (21) are the same, and the plurality of lower-row large gears are meshed with each other for transmission to drive the plurality of lower-row large screws (24) to rotate so as to push the fertilizer backwards; the lower row of small gears (22) and the upper row of gears (23) have the same number with the upper row of small screws (25), a plurality of lower row of small gears (22) are respectively arranged on the shafts of a plurality of adjacent lower row of large screws (24), and a plurality of upper row of gears (23) are respectively correspondingly arranged on the shafts of the upper row of small screws (25); the lower row of small gears (22) arranged on the shaft of the lower row of large screws (24) are respectively meshed with the upper row of gears (23) arranged on the shaft of the upper row of small screws (25) adjacent to the lower row of small screws; the diameter of the lower row of large spirals (24) is not smaller than that of the lower row of small gears (22), and the diameter of the lower row of small gears (22) is not smaller than that of the upper row of gears (23); when the fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor works, the fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor (12) drives a shaft of a lower-row large spiral (24) and a lower-row large gear (21) and a lower-row small gear (22) which are arranged on the shaft through a coupler, the lower-row large gear (21) drives other lower-row large gears (21) which are meshed with the lower-row large gear, and the lower-row small gear (22) drives an upper-row gear (23) which is meshed with the lower-row small gear, so that the rotating speed of the upper-row small spiral (25);

the fertilizer applying device (7) at least comprises a rack (26), a chain plate mechanism (27), a transverse sliding rail (28) and a fertilizer applying groove baffle (29); the frame (26) is fixed at the rear lower part of the fertilizing vehicle body (3); a chain plate mechanism (27) and a fertilizer feeding groove baffle (29) are arranged on the transverse sliding rail (28), the transverse sliding rail (28) can transversely and freely move above the rack (26), the blanking position is adjusted, and the transverse sliding rail is locked after being adjusted; the chain plate mechanism (27) at least comprises 2 shafts, chain wheels (31), chains (30) and scrapers (32), the left ends and the right ends and the front ends and the rear ends of the shafts and the chain wheels (31) are symmetrically arranged and fixed at the two ends of the transverse sliding rail (28), the shafts and the chain wheels (31) are meshed with the chains (30) to rotate, and the scrapers (32) are fixed on the chains (30);

the hydraulic system (5) at least comprises a duplex pump (9), a fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor (12), a fertilizer discharging hydraulic motor (15), an oil tank (13), an oil tank opening (14), an oil outlet (10), an oil return opening (11), a fertilizer conveying reversing valve (33), a fertilizer conveying speed regulating valve (34), a fertilizer discharging speed regulating valve (35) and a fertilizer discharging reversing valve (36); the double pump (9) is arranged on the traction rod (8), the input end of the double pump is connected with the rear output shaft of the tractor (1) to realize power input, and the double pump is connected with the oil outlet (10) and the oil return port (11) of the oil tank (13), the fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor (12) and the fertilizer discharging hydraulic motor (15) to form a closed loop; the fertilizer feeding reversing valve (33) is a two-position two-way manual reversing valve, the fertilizer feeding reversing valve (33) and the fertilizer feeding speed regulating valve (34) are connected in series in a closed loop where the fertilizer feeding hydraulic motor (12) is located, the fertilizer discharging reversing valve (36) is a three-position four-way manual reversing valve, and the fertilizer discharging reversing valve (36) and the fertilizer discharging speed regulating valve (35) are connected in series in a closed loop where the fertilizer discharging hydraulic motor (15) is located; the oil tank is arranged on the upper part of the front end surface of a compartment (16), the upper surface of the oil tank is provided with an oil tank port (14), and the upper and lower parts of the left side surface are respectively provided with an oil return port (11) and an oil outlet (10); the fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor (12) is arranged below an oil tank (13) on the front end surface of a carriage (16) and is connected with a lower-row large spiral (24) shaft in the middle through a coupler to provide power for the double-row spiral fertilizer delivery device (6); the fertilizer application hydraulic motor (15) is fixedly arranged on the front surface of the transverse sliding rail (28), is connected with a shaft and a chain wheel (31) at one end of the chain plate mechanism (27), and provides power for the chain plate mechanism (27) of the fertilizer application device (7).

2. The traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spreader (2) is driven by a hydraulic system (5), the spreader (2) works under the traction of a tractor (1), and power is output from the tractor (1) to the hydraulic system (5) to provide power for a double-row spiral fertilizer feeding device (6) and a fertilizer discharging device (7); the rotating speed and the rotating direction of a chain plate mechanism (27) of the fertilizer applying device (7) are adjustable; the width and the position of the fertilizer bar application are adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the fertilizer discharging speed regulating valve (35) to change the rotating speed of the chain plate mechanism (27), and the free switching of the left side fertilization and the right side fertilization by the vehicle head dropping in the orchard fertilization operation is realized by adjusting the fertilizer discharging reversing valve (36) to switch the steering of the chain plate mechanism (27).

3. The traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of the fertilizer feeding port (20) and the fertilizer feeding speed are adjustable; the fertilizer conveying speed of the double-row spiral fertilizer conveying device (6) is adjusted by changing the fertilizer limiting position of the fertilizer limiting plate (19) through manually rotating the fertilizer limiting plate hand wheel (18) so as to adjust the size of the fertilizer conveying opening (20) and changing the rotating speed of the fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor (12) through adjusting the fertilizer conveying speed adjusting valve (34); the quantitative adjustment of the fertilizing amount is realized by changing the size of the fertilizer feeding port (20) and the fertilizer feeding speed.

4. The pull-type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer applicator (7) can slide along the rack (26) along the transverse slide rail (28) transversely, and the extension length of the fertilizer applicator (7) can be adjusted by manually adjusting and locking the transverse sliding distance to realize accurate fertilizing to the ditch.

5. The traction type double-row spiral organic fertilizer spreader as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spreader (2) is suitable for applying fertilizer, agricultural waste and chemical fertilizer to furrows or strip-spreading.