CN214960933U - Straw returning, fertilizing and sowing integrated saline-alkali soil improvement agricultural machine - Google Patents
Straw returning, fertilizing and sowing integrated saline-alkali soil improvement agricultural machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN214960933U CN214960933U CN202120927297.1U CN202120927297U CN214960933U CN 214960933 U CN214960933 U CN 214960933U CN 202120927297 U CN202120927297 U CN 202120927297U CN 214960933 U CN214960933 U CN 214960933U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a straw is still field, is fertilizied, is sowed integration saline and alkaline land improvement agricultural machine, including the main frame that is connected with power draw gear to and install furrow opener, straw returning device and the fertile device of planting on the main frame in proper order after going to certainly, the straw returning device is including setting up straw container and the straw conveyer on the main frame, and in the conveyer belt upper end of straw conveyer extended to the straw container through the bottom surface of straw container, the lower extreme of straw conveyer inclined to extend backward, and the rear of straw conveyer is equipped with the covering device of installing on the main frame. The utility model realizes the continuous one-time completion of the operations of ditching, burying, fertilizing and seeding the straws in sequence, thereby saving labor force and time; the whole machine has complete technical functions, simple structure and easy installation and use, has the comprehensive effects of reducing salt return, promoting salt washing and increasing soil organic matters after the machine is used for operation in saline-alkali soil of crops such as corn, cotton and the like, and has high saline-alkali soil improvement efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, especially, relate to a straw is still field, fertilization, seeding integration saline and alkaline land improvement agricultural machine.
Background
Saline-alkali soil is a generic term for saline soil and alkaline earth due to natural and man-made factors. The salinization of soil causes a series of deterioration of soil physicochemical properties, such as poor soil air permeability, low saturated water conductivity, strong capillary action, weak cation exchange capacity, low organic matter content, poor activity of soil enzymes and aerobic microorganisms, and the like, which seriously hampers agricultural production and needs to be improved. The main purpose of saline-alkali soil improvement is to reduce the accumulation of underground salt on the surface layer of soil, promote the leaching of surface salt and achieve the effects of reducing salt and increasing yield. The straw returning is one of the main measures for improving the saline-alkali soil, and can play a role in increasing the content of organic matters and nutrients in the soil, enhancing the air permeability of the soil, promoting the formation of granular structures, increasing the water retention capacity of the soil, and achieving the comprehensive effects of reducing the upward movement of deep salt in the soil, increasing the leaching of surface salt and inhibiting the salt accumulation on the surface layer of the soil. At present, the saline-alkali soil straw returning improvement mode mainly comprises ground surface broadcasting, agricultural machinery smashing and turning, and the like, has certain effects on reducing evaporation, improving soil and improving yield, but does not achieve ideal effects on salt control and salt washing, and particularly needs improvement measures on the cultivation of crops with large row spacing of corn and cotton so as to achieve better improvement effects.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses to prior art not enough, provide a straw is still field, fertilization, seeding integration saline and alkaline land improvement agricultural machine, be applicable to the improvement in crop saline and alkaline land such as maize, cotton, once only accomplish the field operation of still field, fertilization and seeding moreover, improved the operating efficiency.
The utility model discloses a through following technical scheme realizes, provides a straw is still field, fertilization, seeding integration saline and alkaline land improvement agricultural machine, including being connected with power draw gear's total frame to and install furrow opener, straw still field device and the fertile device of planting on total frame in proper order after going to, the straw is still field the device and is including setting up straw container and the straw conveyer on total frame, and in the conveyer belt upper end of straw conveyer extended to the straw container through the bottom surface of straw container, the lower extreme of straw conveyer inclined to extend backward, and the rear of straw conveyer is equipped with the covering device of installing on total frame.
This scheme drives the complete machine through power draw gear and removes, the wholeness of each part has been improved through the total frame that sets up, the complete machine removes the in-process, ditching in the field through the furrow opener, carry the ditch of seting up to the furrow opener through the straw conveyer with the straw in the straw container, the soil that turns over out when will ditching through the covering device covers in the straw top, sow and fertilize through the fertile applying device of seed that sets up, it is still field to have realized once only accomplishing the straw, sow and fertilize.
Preferably, the seed and fertilizer applying device comprises a seeder and a fertilizer applicator which are arranged side by side along the left-right direction, and a wheel type compactor which is positioned behind the seeder and the fertilizer applicator, and the fertilizing pipe leg of the fertilizer applicator is positioned on one side of the seeding pipe leg of the seeder. This optimization scheme arranges disseminator and fertilizer applicator along left right direction, is favorable to shortening complete machine length, improves the flexibility that the complete machine removed and turned in the field, lies in the seeding tube leg one side of disseminator with the fertilization tube leg of fertilizer applicator, is convenient for control to apply fertilizer position and the reasonable distance of seeding position to conveniently carry out the compaction to the soil after seeding and fertilizing simultaneously through wheeled compactor.
Preferably, the wheel type compactor comprises a compaction rack and a compaction wheel arranged at the lower end of the compaction rack, the upper end of the compaction rack is hinged with the main rack through a first threaded shaft, and a first fastening nut is connected to the first threaded shaft in a threaded manner. This wheeled compactor of optimization scheme simple structure carries out the compaction through the compaction wheel to soil, and is fixed with compaction frame and total frame through first fastening nut, and not hard up behind the first fastening nut, can adjust the inclination of compaction frame to satisfy different requirements.
The soil covering device comprises a soil covering rack and a soil covering rod fixedly connected to the lower end of the soil covering rack, two soil covering plates opposite to each other in the left-right direction are fixedly connected to the soil covering rod, and the distance between the front ends of the two soil covering plates is larger than the distance between the rear ends of the two soil covering plates; the upper end of the soil covering rack is hinged with the main rack through a second threaded shaft, and a second fastening nut is connected to the second threaded shaft in a threaded manner. The soil covering device of the optimized scheme utilizes the two soil covering plates which are inclined in the front-back direction to form a structure with a large front part and a small back part, and covers the soil turned out by ditching on the straws in the ditch in the forward moving process, so that the structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low.
As optimization, a plurality of material shifting teeth are arranged on the outer surface of a conveying belt of the straw conveyor, and the height of each material shifting tooth is 15-20 cm. According to the optimized scheme, the stirring teeth are arranged, so that the stirring effect can be achieved on the straws in the straw container, the continuity of straw conveying is improved, the setting of the height of the stirring teeth ensures the stirring effect, and the phenomenon that the opening in the bottom surface of the straw container is too large due to the too large height of the stirring teeth is avoided.
The utility model has the advantages that: the field operations of ditching, burying, fertilizing and sowing the straws are continuously completed in sequence at one time, so that the labor force and the time are saved; the whole machine has complete technical functions, simple structure and easy installation and use, has the comprehensive effects of reducing salt return, promoting salt washing and increasing soil organic matters after the machine is used for operation in saline-alkali soil of crops such as corn, cotton and the like, has high saline-alkali soil improvement efficiency, is easy to accept by farmers, and is more beneficial to the acceptance and popularization of the farmers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
shown in the figure:
1. ditching adjusting device, 2, furrow opener, 3, straw container, 4, straw conveyer, 5, covering device, 6, fertilizer case, 7, seed case, 8, fertilization tube leg, 9, seeding tube leg, 10, wheeled compactor, 11, power draw gear, 12, final frame.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is explained below by way of specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the integrated saline-alkali soil improvement agricultural machine for straw returning, fertilization and seeding comprises a main frame 12 connected with a power traction device 11, and a furrow opener 2, a straw returning device and a seed manure applying device which are sequentially installed on the main frame from front to back, wherein the power traction device of the embodiment is a tractor, the tractor is connected to the front end of the main frame, and the driving force is not less than 90 horsepower. The furrow opener adopts spiral structure, adjusts the depth of fall of furrow opener through ditching adjusting device 1 to and the inclination of furrow opener, in order to satisfy different ditching requirements, make the ditching more laborsaving. The regulation and control button of the ditching and adjusting device is arranged in a tractor cab, so that the operation is convenient. The ditching part of the ditcher is made of 65Mn steel, the steel is subjected to surface treatment, so that the ditcher has high wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the diameter of the ditching part is 60cm, the height of the ditching part is 80cm, the ditching deep ploughing depth is 30-40 cm, and the ditch width is 35 cm.
The straw returning device comprises a straw container 3 and a straw conveyor 4 which are arranged on a main frame, the frames of the straw container 3 and the straw conveyor are fixedly connected with the main frame 12, the upper end of a conveying belt of the straw conveyor extends into the straw container through the bottom surface of the straw container, the bottom of the straw container is provided with a hole matched with the straw conveyor, the lower end of the straw conveyor extends backwards, and the rear of the straw conveyor is provided with a soil covering device 5 which is arranged on the main frame.
Specifically, the straw container 3 is made of stainless steel plates and is subjected to anti-rusting treatment, and the length of the straw container is 3m and the width of the straw container is 2 m. The straw container is filled with crop straws which can be whole wheat straws or crop straws and weeds such as corns with the length not more than 20 cm. The opening is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the straw container and is rectangular, the length of the opening is 100cm, and the width of the opening is 50 cm. The conveying belt of the straw conveyor is a steel crawler belt with the bandwidth of 30cm, a plurality of material shifting teeth are arranged on the outer surface of the conveying belt of the straw conveyor, the height of the material shifting teeth is 15-20 cm, the material shifting teeth are arranged in two rows in a staggered mode, and two material shifting teeth in the same row are spaced by 20 cm. In actual operation, the conveyer belt of the straw conveyer rotates under the driving action to convey the straws in the straw container to the ditches formed by the ditcher, and the natural thickness of the straws in the ditches is about 20 cm.
The soil covering device comprises a soil covering rack and a soil covering rod fixedly connected to the lower end of the soil covering rack, two soil covering plates opposite to each other in the left-right direction are fixedly connected to the soil covering rod, and the distance between the front ends of the two soil covering plates is larger than the distance between the rear ends of the two soil covering plates; the upper end of the soil covering rack is hinged with the main rack through a second threaded shaft, and a second fastening nut is connected to the second threaded shaft in a threaded manner. In this embodiment, the soil covering plates are made of stainless steel plates, the soil covering plates are triangular, the front ends of the two triangular soil covering plates are separated by 70cm, the rear ends of the two triangular soil covering plates are separated by 35cm and 30cm, the rear ends of the two triangular soil covering plates are inclined inward by an angle of 60 degrees, that is, the included angle between the two soil covering plates is 120 degrees. As preferred scheme, the earthing rod adopts the billet structure, and the welding is in two earthing plate middle upper portions, and two earthing plate are right angled triangle, and the hypotenuse of earthing plate is the lower limb, and two right-angle sides are long 30cm, 40cm respectively. The soil excavated by the furrow opener is buried in the ditch and covered on the straws in the ditch when the soil moves forwards under the traction of a power traction tractor.
The seed manure applying device comprises a seeder and a fertilizer applicator which are arranged side by side along the left and right directions, and a wheel type compactor 10 which is arranged behind the seeder and the fertilizer applicator, wherein a fertilizing pipe leg 8 of the fertilizer applicator is arranged on one side of a seeding pipe leg 9 of the seeder, and a fertilizer box 6 of the fertilizer applicator and a seed box 7 of the seeder are both fixedly connected with a main frame. The wheeled compactor comprises a compaction rack and a compaction wheel arranged at the lower end of the compaction rack, the upper end of the compaction rack is hinged with the main frame through a first threaded shaft, a first fastening nut is connected to the first threaded shaft through a thread, the compaction wheel is a stainless steel wheel, the diameter and the width of the wheel of the compaction wheel are 20cm and 20cm, and the wheeled compactor is used for compacting soil after fertilization and sowing.
Specifically, the fertilizer box is a stainless steel box, the length and the height of the fertilizer box are both 50cm, the width of the fertilizer box is 100cm, a fertilizer outlet hole for adjusting the fertilizing speed is arranged at the bottom in the fertilizer box, and the fertilizer outlet hole is connected with a fertilizing pipe leg. The seed box is also a stainless steel box, the length and the height of the seed box are both 50cm, the width of the seed box is 100cm, a seed outlet hole for adjusting the seeding speed is arranged at the bottom in the seed box, and the seed outlet hole is connected with a seeding pipe leg. The fertilization tube leg is a stainless steel cylinder, the bottom end of the fertilization tube leg is provided with a front deep and back shallow inclined opening, and the fertilization depth is 15 cm-20 cm. The seeding tube leg is also a stainless steel cylinder, the bottom end of the seeding tube leg is provided with a front deep and back shallow inclined opening, and the seeding depth is 3-5 cm. The horizontal distance between the fertilization tube leg and the seeding tube leg is 5 cm-8 cm.
The agricultural machinery for improving saline-alkali soil by integrating straw returning, fertilization and sowing completes ditching, straw returning, sowing and fertilization at one time, and is suitable for soil improvement and crop planting of large-row-spacing crops such as corn, cotton and the like in saline-alkali soil. Before operation, the inclination angle and the descending depth of the furrow opener and the inclination angles of the soil covering device and the compacting machine frame are adjusted according to actual requirements; during operation, the whole machine is driven to advance by a tractor, the furrow opener is used for digging soil ditches with the depth of 30-40 cm and the width of 35cm, straws in the straw container are sowed in the soil ditches according to the set quantity by the straw conveyor, then the soil is covered on the straws in the ditches by the soil covering device, and then the sowing device and the fertilizer applicator are used for respectively sowing and fertilizing and are compacted by the compaction wheels.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and technical features of the present invention that are not described in the present application may be implemented by or using the prior art, and are not described herein again; the above embodiments and drawings are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the spirit of the present invention should also belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a straw returning, fertilization, seeding integration saline and alkaline land improvement agricultural machine which characterized in that: including being connected with main frame (12) of power draw gear (11) to and install furrow opener (2), straw returning device and the fertile device of planting in proper order in main frame after going to, straw returning device is including setting up straw container (3) and straw conveyer (4) on main frame, and in the conveyer belt upper end of straw conveyer extended to the straw container through the bottom surface of straw container, the lower extreme of straw conveyer inclined to the back and extended, and the rear of straw conveyer is equipped with covering native ware (5) of installing in main frame.
2. The agricultural machine for improving saline-alkali soil and integrating straw returning, fertilization and sowing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the seed and fertilizer applying device comprises a seeder and a fertilizer applicator which are arranged side by side along the left and right direction, and a wheel type compactor (10) which is arranged behind the seeder and the fertilizer applicator, wherein a fertilizing pipe leg (8) of the fertilizer applicator is arranged on one side of a seeding pipe leg (9) of the seeder.
3. The agricultural machine for improving saline-alkali soil by returning straws to fields, fertilizing and sowing as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the wheeled compactor comprises a compaction rack and a compaction wheel arranged at the lower end of the compaction rack, the upper end of the compaction rack is hinged with the main frame through a first threaded shaft, and a first fastening nut is connected to the first threaded shaft through threads.
4. The agricultural machine for improving saline-alkali soil and integrating straw returning, fertilization and sowing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the soil covering device comprises a soil covering rack and a soil covering rod fixedly connected to the lower end of the soil covering rack, two soil covering plates opposite to each other in the left-right direction are fixedly connected to the soil covering rod, and the distance between the front ends of the two soil covering plates is larger than the distance between the rear ends of the two soil covering plates; the upper end of the soil covering rack is hinged with the main rack through a second threaded shaft, and a second fastening nut is connected to the second threaded shaft in a threaded manner.
5. The agricultural machine for improving saline-alkali soil and integrating straw returning, fertilization and sowing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the outer surface of a conveying belt of the straw conveyor is provided with a plurality of material shifting teeth, and the height of each material shifting tooth is 15-20 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120927297.1U CN214960933U (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Straw returning, fertilizing and sowing integrated saline-alkali soil improvement agricultural machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120927297.1U CN214960933U (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Straw returning, fertilizing and sowing integrated saline-alkali soil improvement agricultural machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214960933U true CN214960933U (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202120927297.1U Expired - Fee Related CN214960933U (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Straw returning, fertilizing and sowing integrated saline-alkali soil improvement agricultural machine |
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| CN (1) | CN214960933U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766145A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-07-22 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Be applied to wheat seeder's maize straw reposition of redundant personnel guiding device |
-
2021
- 2021-04-30 CN CN202120927297.1U patent/CN214960933U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766145A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-07-22 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Be applied to wheat seeder's maize straw reposition of redundant personnel guiding device |
| CN114766145B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-05-09 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Corn straw split-flow guiding device applied to wheat seeder |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20211203 |