CN106797805A - A kind of chestnut mushroom exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique - Google Patents
A kind of chestnut mushroom exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN106797805A CN106797805A CN201710159612.9A CN201710159612A CN106797805A CN 106797805 A CN106797805 A CN 106797805A CN 201710159612 A CN201710159612 A CN 201710159612A CN 106797805 A CN106797805 A CN 106797805A
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- bacterium bag
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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Abstract
Exempt from soil fruiting cultivation technique the invention provides a kind of chestnut mushroom, by preparing special planting material, soilless culture is carried out in bacterium bag, the temperature, humidity, oxygen and illumination subsequently after fruiting to mushroom house optimize management, soil fruiting cultivation is exempted to chestnut mushroom so as to reach.It is of the invention to exempt from soil fruiting cultivation technique and obtain the yield per unit area of chestnut mushroom production to improve more than 1 times than soil covering culture, and soil pollution is eliminated, it is saving of labor, water saving, efficient, it is a kind of chestnut mushroom cultivation technique of optimization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, especially, it is related to a kind of chestnut mushroom to exempt from soil fruiting cultivation technique.
Background technology
Chestnut mushroom is gained the name because of its naturally-occurring in chestnut root.Its fructification likeness in form lotus flower in full bloom, fan-shaped cap is heavy
It is folded folded, thus also known as grifola frondosus (Grifola frondosa)；Japanese thinks the dance skirt that chestnut mushroom is worn just as dancing girl, therefore named " dance
It is fine and soft "；Chestnut mushroom belongs to the Polyporaceae of Basidiomycotina, be formally named as polyporus frondosus (《The noun and title of fungi》).Alias
Also claim thousand Buddhist bacterium (Sichuan), weight mushroom (Fujian), lotus flower bacterium etc..Chestnut mushroom has peculiar fragrance and mouthfeel, nutritious, not still feast
On mountain delicacy, be precious edible and medicinal fungi also with health care and medical value.
Around the chestnut root that wild chestnut mushroom betides between summer and autumn and around the trunk and timber of the broad leaf tree such as oak, evergreen chinquapin,
Cause foxiness, be whiterot fungi.Wild chestnut mushroom is distributed in Hebei, Beijing, Heilungkiang, Jilin, Sichuan, Yunnan, wide in China
West, Fujian etc. save, and are distributed on Japan, Europe, North America and other places in addition.Chestnut mushroom food flavor delicate fragrance, meat is tender and crisp, taste such as shredded chicken, crisp
It is tasty like yulan.Eating method is varied, can fry, burns, rinses, stew；Soup can be done, filling, cold spelling is done；Cold and dressed with sauce quality is tender and crisp,
Stir-fry and eat delicate fragrance good to eat；Burn, stew have " one bubble i.e. use, length boil still crisp " the characteristics of, cook soup local flavor it is further preferred that, be rare in feast
Delicacies.Japan is prevailing with chestnut mushroom fresh goods mutton cooked in a chafing pot.After dry product foaming, still with peculiar flavour, therefore chestnut mushroom is to send in Japan
Gift good merchantable brand, sales volume is only second to mushroom and asparagus, occupies the 3rd.
Chestnut mushroom cultivation is presently mainly that wild soil covering culture is imitated in sylvan life, and a small amount of factory culture, it is also using in basket
Soil fruiting technology, there is not been reported to exempt from soil fruiting cultivation technique.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim at offer, to solve technical problem.
A kind of chestnut mushroom exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, comprises the following steps：
A, planting material is stirred according to formula after add water stirring, water content control is in 55-65%；
B, planting material is made by bacterium bag in polybag using special-purpose machinery or manual type；
C, bacterium bag is put into the special special sterilizing installation that is put into bacterium bag is sterilized；
D, the bacterium bag after sterilizing is put into special cooling chamber naturally cools to room temperature；
When E, bacterium bag are cooled to 30 DEG C of room temperature, into gnotobasis inoculation；
F, the bacterium bag that will be connected kind are cultivated 25-35 days in the environment of being put into 25 DEG C, and mycelia covers with bacterium bag, then proceed to cultivate
Make mycelia after-ripening within one week；
G, when mycelia is covered with, hair is saturating, and hand endures with all one's will solid by bacterium bag, high resilience, and surface has the faint yellow globule and former base to go out
It is existing, show that mycelia has reached physiological maturity, then until more than 80% bacterium bag has former base to occur, you can code wall or restocking go out
Mushroom；
During H, whole fruiting, in order to ensure humidity, should often spray water, water spray can daily 3-4 times, to ensure fructification
Relative air humidity needed for normal growth development is in 85-95%R.H.；Mushroom room will ensure enough oxygen, so frequent
Ventilation, injects fresh air；
I, after fructification grows to mounted blade, there is a small amount of bacterium hole at the back side of blade, that is, represent mushroom already close to maturation, this
When to harvest in time, during harvesting, gently the whole Duo Liangen of mushroom is extracted from compost, clear up bacterium bag charge level mushroom root, under adopting
Mushroom packs listing in time.
Present invention selection cell age is short, fast, the disease-resistant chestnut mushroom kind of hair bacterium, preferably celebrates ash 152 or safe ash 1.
Preferably, in described step A, described planting material, including following percentage by weight composition：Chestnut wood chip
45-55%, cotton seed hull 30-38%, wheat bran 12-18%, gypsum 0.5-2%.
It is further preferred that in described step A, described planting material, including following percentage by weight composition：Chestnut
Wood chip 50%, cotton seed hull 34%, wheat bran 15%, gypsum 1%.
Preferably, in described step B, bacterium bag is installed using the polypropylene plastics pocket of 170mm × 330mm × 5 thread specification
Bacterium bag format diameter and height be 120 × 150mm.
Preferably, in described step C, under normal pressure, when temperature reaches 100 DEG C, maintain 10 hours.
Preferably, in described step C, under the conditions of 0.113 MPa of high pressure, when temperature reaches 121 DEG C, maintain 4 hours.
Preferably, in described step H, mushroom room temperature control is at 15-30 DEG C.
It is further preferred that in described step H, mushroom room temperature control is at 20-23 DEG C.
Preferably, in described step H, when mycelia twists together to form former base, appropriate gives scattering illumination, intensity of illumination
Between 500-800LAX.
The invention has the advantages that：Chestnut mushroom of the invention exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, special by preparing
Planting material, carries out soilless culture in bacterium bag, and the temperature, humidity, oxygen and illumination subsequently after fruiting to mushroom house carry out excellent
Change management, soil fruiting cultivation is exempted to chestnut mushroom so as to reach.It is of the invention to exempt from the chestnut mushroom list that soil fruiting cultivation technique is obtained
Position area output improves more than 1 times than soil covering culture, and eliminates soil pollution, saving of labor, water saving, efficient, is a kind of optimization
Chestnut mushroom cultivation technique.
In addition to objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention also has other objects, features and advantages.
The present invention is further detailed explanation below.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below, but the present invention can be limited and covered according to claim
Multitude of different ways implement.
Embodiment 1
A kind of chestnut mushroom exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, comprises the following steps：
A, planting material is stirred according to formula after add water stirring, water content control is 60%；
B, planting material is made by bacterium bag in polybag using special-purpose machinery or manual type；
C, bacterium bag is put into the special special sterilizing installation that is put into bacterium bag is sterilized；
D, the bacterium bag after sterilizing is put into special cooling chamber naturally cools to room temperature；
When E, bacterium bag are cooled to 30 DEG C of room temperature, into gnotobasis inoculation；
F, the bacterium bag that will be connected kind are cultivated 28-30 days in the environment of being put into 25 DEG C, and mycelia covers with bacterium bag, then proceed to cultivate
Make mycelia after-ripening within one week；
G, when mycelia is covered with, hair is saturating, and hand endures with all one's will solid by bacterium bag, high resilience, and surface has the faint yellow globule and former base to go out
It is existing, show that mycelia has reached physiological maturity, then until more than 80% bacterium bag has former base to occur, you can code wall or restocking go out
Mushroom；
During H, whole fruiting, in order to ensure humidity, should often spray water, water spray can daily 3-4 times, to ensure fructification
Relative air humidity needed for normal growth development is in 85-95%R.H.；Mushroom room will ensure enough oxygen, so frequent
Ventilation, injects fresh air；
I, after fructification grows to mounted blade, there is a small amount of bacterium hole at the back side of blade, that is, represent mushroom already close to maturation, this
When to harvest in time, during harvesting, gently the whole Duo Liangen of mushroom is extracted from compost, clear up bacterium bag charge level mushroom root, under adopting
Mushroom packs listing in time.
Described chestnut mushroom kind is celebrating ash 152.
In described step A, described planting material, including following percentage by weight composition：Chestnut wood chip 50%, cottonseed
Skin 34%, wheat bran 15%, gypsum 1%.
In described step B, bacterium bag uses the polypropylene plastics pocket of 170mm × 330mm × 5 thread specification, the bacterium bag for installing
Format diameter and a height of 120 × 150mm.
In described step C, under normal pressure, when temperature reaches 100 DEG C, maintain 10 hours.
In described step H, mushroom room temperature control is at 20-23 DEG C.
In described step H, when mycelia twists together to form former base, appropriate gives scattering illumination, and intensity of illumination is in 600-
Between 700LAX.
Embodiment 2
A kind of chestnut mushroom exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, comprises the following steps：
A, planting material is stirred according to formula after add water stirring, water content control is 65%；
B, using special-purpose machinery or manual type by planting material in bacterium bag；
C, bacterium bag is put into the special special sterilizing installation that is put into bacterium bag is sterilized；
D, the bacterium bag after sterilizing is put into special cooling chamber naturally cools to room temperature；
When E, bacterium bag are cooled to 30 DEG C of room temperature, into gnotobasis inoculation；
F, the bacterium bag that will be connected kind are cultivated 25-27 days in the environment of being put into 25 DEG C, and mycelia covers with bacterium bag, then proceed to cultivate
Make mycelia after-ripening within one week；
G, when mycelia is covered with, hair is saturating, and hand endures with all one's will solid by bacterium bag, high resilience, and surface has the faint yellow globule and former base to go out
It is existing, show that mycelia has reached physiological maturity, then until more than 80% bacterium bag has former base to occur, you can code wall or restocking go out
Mushroom；
During H, whole fruiting, in order to ensure humidity, should often spray water, water spray can daily 3-4 times, to ensure fructification
Relative air humidity needed for normal growth development is in 85-95%R.H.；Mushroom room will ensure enough oxygen, so frequent
Ventilation, injects fresh air；
I, after fructification grows to mounted blade, there is a small amount of bacterium hole at the back side of blade, that is, represent mushroom already close to maturation, this
When to harvest in time, during harvesting, gently the whole Duo Liangen of mushroom is extracted from compost, clear up bacterium bag charge level mushroom root, under adopting
Mushroom packs listing in time.
Described chestnut mushroom kind is safe ash 1.
In described step A, described planting material, including following percentage by weight composition：Chestnut wood chip 55%, cottonseed
Skin 30%, wheat bran 13%, gypsum 2%.
In described step B, bacterium bag uses the polypropylene plastics pocket of 170mm × 330mm × 5 thread specification, the bacterium bag for installing
Format diameter and a height of 120 × 150mm.
In described step C, under the conditions of 0.113 MPa of high pressure, when temperature reaches 121 DEG C, maintain 4 hours.
In described step H, mushroom room temperature control is at 18-28 DEG C.
In described step H, when mycelia twists together to form former base, appropriate gives scattering illumination, and intensity of illumination is in 700-
Between 800LAX.
Embodiment 3
A kind of chestnut mushroom exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, comprises the following steps：
A, planting material is stirred according to formula after add water stirring, water content control is 55%；
B, using special-purpose machinery or manual type by planting material in bacterium bag；
C, bacterium bag is put into the special special sterilizing installation that is put into bacterium bag is sterilized；
D, the bacterium bag after sterilizing is put into special cooling chamber naturally cools to room temperature；
When E, bacterium bag are cooled to 30 DEG C of room temperature, into gnotobasis inoculation；
F, the bacterium bag that will be connected kind are cultivated 32-35 days in the environment of being put into 25 DEG C, and mycelia covers with bacterium bag, then proceed to cultivate
Make mycelia after-ripening within one week；
G, when mycelia is covered with, hair is saturating, and hand endures with all one's will solid by bacterium bag, high resilience, and surface has the faint yellow globule and former base to go out
It is existing, show that mycelia has reached physiological maturity, then until more than 80% bacterium bag has former base to occur, you can code wall or restocking go out
Mushroom；
During H, whole fruiting, in order to ensure humidity, should often spray water, water spray can daily 3-4 times, to ensure fructification
Relative air humidity needed for normal growth development is in 85-95%R.H.；Mushroom room will ensure enough oxygen, so frequent
Ventilation, injects fresh air；
I, after fructification grows to mounted blade, there is a small amount of bacterium hole at the back side of blade, that is, represent mushroom already close to maturation, this
When to harvest in time, during harvesting, gently the whole Duo Liangen of mushroom is extracted from compost, clear up bacterium bag charge level mushroom root, under adopting
Mushroom packs listing in time.
Described chestnut mushroom kind is celebrating ash 152.
In described step A, described planting material, including following percentage by weight composition：Chestnut wood chip 45%, cottonseed
Skin 38%, wheat bran 16.5%, gypsum 0.5%.
In described step B, bacterium bag uses the polypropylene plastics pocket of 170mm × 330mm × 5 thread specification, the bacterium bag for installing
Format diameter and a height of 120 × 150mm.
In described step C, under normal pressure, when temperature reaches 100 DEG C, maintain 10 hours.
In described step H, mushroom room temperature control is at 15-25 DEG C.
In described step H, when mycelia twists together to form former base, appropriate gives scattering illumination, and intensity of illumination is in 500-
Between 600LAX.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.It is all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made any repair
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of chestnut mushroom exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A, planting material is stirred according to formula rate after add water stirring, water content control is in 55-65%；
B, planting material is made by bacterium bag in polybag using special-purpose machinery or manual type；
C, bacterium bag is put into special sterilizing installation is sterilized；
D, the bacterium bag after sterilizing is put into special cooling chamber naturally cools to room temperature；
E, bacterium bag are cooled to when below 30 DEG C of room temperature, into gnotobasis inoculation；
F, the bacterium bag that will be connected kind are cultivated 25-35 days in the environment of being put into 25 DEG C, and mycelia covers with bacterium bag, then proceed to cultivate one week
Make mycelia after-ripening；
G, when mycelia is covered with, hair is saturating, and hand endures with all one's will solid by bacterium bag, high resilience, and surface has the faint yellow globule and former base to occur, table
Bright mycelia has reached physiological maturity, then until more than 80% bacterium bag has former base to occur, you can code wall or restocking fruiting；
During H, whole fruiting, in order to ensure humidity, should often spray water, water spray can daily 3-4 times, to ensure that fructification is normal
Relative air humidity needed for growing is in 85-95%R.H.；Mushroom room will ensure enough oxygen, so will be through normal open
Wind, injects fresh air；
I, after fructification grows to mounted blade, there is a small amount of bacterium hole at the back side of blade, that is, represent that mushroom already close to maturation, now will
Harvesting, mushroom whole Duo Liangen during harvesting, is gently extracted from compost in time, the mushroom root of cleaning bacterium bag charge level, mushroom under adopting and
When packaging listing.
2. chestnut mushroom as claimed in claim 1 exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, it is characterised in that described chestnut mushroom kind is celebrating ash
151 is safe grey No. 1.
3. chestnut mushroom as claimed in claim 1 exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, it is characterised in that described in described step A
Planting material, including following percentage by weight composition：Chestnut wood chip 45-55%, cotton seed hull 30-38%, wheat bran 12-18%, stone
Cream 0.5-2%.
4. chestnut mushroom as claimed in claim 3 exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, it is characterised in that described in described step A
Planting material, including following percentage by weight composition：Chestnut wood chip 50%, cotton seed hull 34%, wheat bran 15%, gypsum 1%.
5. chestnut mushroom as claimed in claim 1 exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, it is characterised in that in described step B, bacterium bag is adopted
With the polypropylene plastics pocket of 170mm × 330mm × 5 thread specification, the bacterium bag format diameter for installing and a height of 120 × 150mm.
6. chestnut mushroom as claimed in claim 1 exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, it is characterised in that in described step C, normal pressure
Under, when temperature reaches 100 DEG C, maintain 10 hours.
7. chestnut mushroom as claimed in claim 1 exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, it is characterised in that in described step C, high pressure
Under the conditions of 0.113 MPa, when temperature reaches 121 DEG C, maintain 4 hours.
8. chestnut mushroom as claimed in claim 1 exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, it is characterised in that in described step H, mushroom room
Temperature control is at 15-30 DEG C.
9. chestnut mushroom as claimed in claim 8 exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, it is characterised in that in described step H, mushroom room
Temperature control is at 20-23 DEG C.
10. chestnut mushroom as claimed in claim 1 exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique, it is characterised in that in described step H, in bacterium
When silk kink forms former base, appropriate gives scattering illumination, and intensity of illumination is between 500-800LAX.
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Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710159612.9A CN106797805A (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2017-03-17 | A kind of chestnut mushroom exempts from soil fruiting cultivation technique |
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ID=58987840
Family Applications (1)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107509530A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-26 | 迁西县林中宝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of big bacteria stick method that earthing fixed point fruiting does not cultivate chestnut mushroom |
| CN107864797A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-04-03 | 莆田市农业科学研究所 | A kind of Clitocybe maxima exempts from soil covering culture method |
| CN108546181A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-09-18 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | A kind of method of preparation and use of hickory chick sowing seed dressing increasing agent |
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| CN108546181A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-09-18 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | A kind of method of preparation and use of hickory chick sowing seed dressing increasing agent |
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