CN106753720B - 半合成压缩机油组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

半合成压缩机油组合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106753720B
CN106753720B CN201611208043.4A CN201611208043A CN106753720B CN 106753720 B CN106753720 B CN 106753720B CN 201611208043 A CN201611208043 A CN 201611208043A CN 106753720 B CN106753720 B CN 106753720B
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oil composition
compressor oil
alkylnaphthalene
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CN106753720A (zh
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张世伟
鲍丹丹
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SHANGHAI SYNNEX LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了提供一种半合成压缩机油组合物，包括按重量百分比计的以下组分：60%～85%的三类矿物型基础油，5%～30%的烷基萘，0.5%～8%的抗氧剂，0.01%～1%的含硫或含磷极压抗磨剂，0.01%～1%的防锈剂，0.001%～0.5%的金属钝化剂，以及0.001%～0.5%的抗乳化剂。本发明还提供上述半合成压缩机油组合物的制备方法。本发明半合成压缩机油组合物具有优异的氧化安定性、热安定性，还具有优异的清净分散性、低积炭和油泥形成倾向，以及优秀的水解安定性和抗乳化性能，尤其适用于高温、高压的螺杆式空气压缩机的润滑。

Description

半合成压缩机油组合物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及工业用压缩机油技术领域，特别是涉及一种用于润滑螺杆式空气压缩机的半合成压缩机油组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
压缩机油一直以来被用于润滑压缩机轴承，密封转子，冷却压缩空气。由于空气压缩机一直处于高压、高温及有冷凝水存在的工况下，所以所需润滑油应具有优异的氧化安定性、热稳定性，水解安定性、低积炭和油泥形成倾向、良好的油水分离性以及优秀的防锈性能等。压缩机油的质量对压缩机使用可靠性及安全性有着很大的影响，并且好的油品能有效的减少换油周期，延长油品及设备的使用寿命。
目前市场上的压缩机油通常分为矿物型和合成型，矿物型压缩机油使用寿命短，除一些特殊工况外，压缩机油的温度始终在一定范围内波动，大多在80-105℃之间，研究表明矿物油在此环境中运行1000小时就开始有油泥生成，因此最长在4000小时必须换油。全合成型压缩机油的使用寿命长，具有节能、降低能耗等优点，但价格昂贵，使用成本高，且合成型压缩机油并不能满足螺杆式压缩机油的所有要求。如聚α烯烃（PAO）类基础油的润滑性和生物降解性较差；双酯类基础油粘度低，闪点低，且大多数合成酯类水解安定性差，遇水易分解；聚醚类基础油的抗乳化性能较差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种半合成压缩机油组合物及其制备方法，该半合成压缩机油组合物具有优异的氧化安定性、热安定性，还具有优异的清净分散性、低积炭和油泥形成倾向，以及优秀的水解安定性和抗乳化性能，尤其适用于高温、高压的螺杆式空气压缩机的润滑。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种半合成压缩机油组合物，包括按重量百分比计的以下组分：60%～85%的三类矿物型基础油，5%～30%的烷基萘，0.5%～8%的抗氧剂，0.01%～1%的含硫或含磷极压抗磨剂，0.01%～1%的防锈剂，0.001%～0.5%的金属钝化剂，以及0.001%～0.5%的抗乳化剂。
优选的，所述三类矿物型基础油的40℃运动粘度为32～100cSt。
优选的，所述烷基萘由10～20个C原子的烷基中间体烷基化而得；所述烷基萘的40℃运动粘度为22～220cSt。
优选的，所述抗氧剂选自酚类抗氧剂、胺类抗氧剂、磷酸酯型抗氧剂中的一种或几种；
所述酚类抗氧剂选自2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、2,6-二叔丁基酚、4,4'-亚甲基二(2,6-二叔丁基酚)、硫醚酚中的一种或几种；
所述胺类抗氧剂选自苯基-α-萘胺、二苯胺、烷基二苯胺中的一种或几种；
所述磷酸酯型抗氧剂为亚磷酸三酯。
优选的，所述含硫或含磷极压抗磨剂选自硫代氨基甲酸酯、磷酸酯铵盐、三苯硫代磷酸酯、二硫化磷酸盐、磷酸壬基胺盐混合物中的一种或几种。
优选的，所述防锈剂选自氨基酸衍生物、二壬基萘磺酸盐、磷酸壬基胺盐混合物中的一种或几种。
优选的，所述金属钝化剂选自苯三唑衍生物、噻二唑衍生物、专有杂环衍生物中的一种或几种。
优选的，所述抗乳化剂选自如下组分中的一种或两种：氨与环氧化合物缩合物，聚醚类高分子化合物。
本发明还提供上述半合成压缩机油组合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：按重量百分比计，将60%～85%的三类矿物型基础油与5%～30%的烷基萘加入带搅拌器的调和釜内，加热至60～70℃，调和0.5～1小时至均匀；然后再加入0.5%～8%的抗氧剂、0.01%～1%的含硫或含磷极压抗磨剂、0.01%～1%的防锈剂、0.001%～0.5%的金属钝化剂以及0.001%～0.5%的抗乳化剂，在60～70℃下调和2～4小时，至混合物均匀透明。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于：提供一种半合成压缩机油组合物及其制备方法，该半合成压缩机油组合物具有优异的氧化安定性、热安定性，还具有优异的清净分散性、低积炭和油泥形成倾向，以及优秀的水解安定性和抗乳化性能，尤其适用于高温、高压的螺杆式空气压缩机的润滑。
烷基萘结合了PAO的稳定性和合成酯的溶解性，具有出众的热氧化安定性、优异的添加剂溶解性，还表现出优异的水解稳定性；并且，烷基萘不含极性基团，其极性大大小于酯类油和多数添加剂，因而对金属表面的竞争力小，添加剂可以更加充分的覆盖在金属表面，从而使添加剂能更好的发挥其功效。本发明采用烷基奈和三类矿物型基础油调配，既具有高性价比，又弥补了合成油的某些方面的不足。
螺杆压缩机油失效的一个重要原因就是压缩机油被严重氧化引起粘度增大，抗老化性能是螺杆式压缩机油非常重要的特征。因此除选用优秀的基础油外，通常会在基础油中加入抗氧剂，同时还需加入抗磨剂、防锈剂、腐蚀抑制剂、金属钝化剂等添加剂，以满足螺杆式压缩机油的其他性能。
本发明采用半合成基础油，添加高性能的添加剂，具有优异的氧化安定性、热安定性，优异的清净分散性、低积炭和油泥形成倾向，以及优秀的水解安定性和抗乳化性能，尤其适用于高温、高压的螺杆式空气压缩机的润滑，既具有高性价比，又弥补了合成油的某些方面的不足。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明提供一种半合成压缩机油组合物，包括按重量百分比计的以下组分：60%～85%的三类矿物型基础油，5%～30%的烷基萘，0.5%～8%的抗氧剂，0.01%～1%的含硫或含磷极压抗磨剂，0.01%～1%的防锈剂，0.001%～0.5%的金属钝化剂，以及0.001%～0.5%的抗乳化剂。
所述三类矿物型基础油的40℃运动粘度为32～100cSt。
所述烷基萘由10～20个C原子的烷基中间体烷基化而得；所述烷基萘的40℃运动粘度为22～220cSt。
所述抗氧剂选自酚类抗氧剂、胺类抗氧剂、磷酸酯型抗氧剂中的一种或几种；
所述酚类抗氧剂选自2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、2,6-二叔丁基酚、4,4'-亚甲基二(2,6-二叔丁基酚)、硫醚酚中的一种或几种；
所述胺类抗氧剂选自苯基-α-萘胺、二苯胺、烷基二苯胺中的一种或几种；
所述磷酸酯型抗氧剂为亚磷酸三酯。
所述含硫或含磷极压抗磨剂选自硫代氨基甲酸酯、磷酸酯铵盐、三苯硫代磷酸酯、二硫化磷酸盐、磷酸壬基胺盐混合物中的一种或几种。
所述防锈剂选自氨基酸衍生物、二壬基萘磺酸盐、磷酸壬基胺盐混合物中的一种或几种。
所述金属钝化剂选自苯三唑衍生物、噻二唑衍生物、专有杂环衍生物中的一种或几种。
所述抗乳化剂选自如下组分中的一种或两种：氨与环氧化合物缩合物，聚醚类高分子化合物。
本发明还提供上述半合成压缩机油组合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：按重量百分比计，将60%～85%的三类矿物型基础油与5%～30%的烷基萘加入带搅拌器的调和釜内，加热至60～70℃，调和0.5～1小时至均匀；然后再加入0.5%～8%的抗氧剂、0.01%～1%的含硫或含磷极压抗磨剂、0.01%～1%的防锈剂、0.001%～0.5%的金属钝化剂以及0.001%～0.5%的抗乳化剂，在60～70℃下调和2～4小时，至混合物均匀透明。
本发明具体实施的技术方案是：
实施例1
一种半合成压缩机油组合物，其各组分按重量百分比分配如下：
三类矿物型基础油：64.86%、烷基奈：28%、胺类抗氧剂：5.0%、酚类抗氧剂：2.0%、抗磨剂：0.05%、二壬基萘磺酸盐：0.04%、苯三唑衍生物：0.03%、聚醚类抗乳化剂：0.02%。实施例1所得半合成压缩机油组合物的主要测试性能见表1。
实施例2
一种半合成压缩机油组合物，其各组分按重量百分比分配如下：
三类矿物型基础油：65.86%、烷基奈：28%、胺类抗氧剂：4.0%、酚类抗氧剂：2.0%、抗磨剂：0.05%、二壬基萘磺酸盐：0.04%、苯三唑衍生物：0.03%、聚醚类抗乳化剂：0.02%。实施例2所得半合成压缩机油组合物的主要测试性能见表1。
实施例3
一种聚半合成压缩机油组合物，其各组分按重量百分比分配如下：
三类矿物型基础油：73.86%、烷基奈：20%、胺类抗氧剂：4.0%、酚类抗氧剂：2.0%、抗磨剂：0.05%、二壬基萘磺酸盐：0.04%、苯三唑衍生物：0.03%、聚醚类抗乳化剂：0.02%。实施例3所得半合成压缩机油组合物的主要测试性能见表1。
表1 各实施例性能测试数据
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.半合成压缩机油组合物，其特征在于，包括按重量百分比计的以下组分：60%～85%的三类矿物型基础油，5%～30%的烷基萘，0.5%～8%的亚磷酸三酯，0.01%～1%的硫代氨基甲酸酯，0.01%～1%的磷酸壬基胺盐，0.001%～0.5%的噻二唑衍生物，以及0.001%～0.5%的聚醚类高分子化合物；
所述三类矿物型基础油的40℃运动粘度为32～100cSt；
所述烷基萘由10～20个C原子的烷基中间体烷基化而得；所述烷基萘的40℃运动粘度为22～220cSt。
2.权利要求1所述半合成压缩机油组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：按重量百分比计，将60%～85%的三类矿物型基础油与5%～30%的烷基萘加入带搅拌器的调和釜内，加热至60～70℃，调和0.5～1小时至均匀；然后再加入0.5%～8%的亚磷酸三酯、0.01%～1%的硫代氨基甲酸酯、0.01%～1%的磷酸壬基胺盐、0.001%～0.5%的噻二唑衍生物以及0.001%～0.5%的聚醚类高分子化合物，在60～70℃下调和2～4小时，至混合物均匀透明。
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