CN106749071A - 一种芳香类1,2,4,5‑四嗪化合物的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种芳香类1,2,4,5‑四嗪化合物的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- -1 tetrazine compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical class [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical class [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004799 bromophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006501 nitrophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000004907 1,2,4,5-tetrazines Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002547 new drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- OVFJHQBWUUTRFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrotetrazine Chemical class C1=CNNNN1 OVFJHQBWUUTRFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000090 biomarker Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 68
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 17
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 5
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- HTJMXYRLEDBSLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrazine Chemical compound C1=NN=CN=N1 HTJMXYRLEDBSLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VOXKSAHNCGAIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,2-difluoroethenyl)-4-phenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC(C=C(F)F)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VOXKSAHNCGAIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical class N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003854 p-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 description 3
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N (1s,2s,3s,5r)-1-(carboxymethyl)-3,5-bis[(4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-propylcarbamoyl]cyclopentane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@](CC(O)=O)([C@H](C(=O)N(CCC)CC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)N(CCC)CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XYSKSDPTIZGCIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1C=CNN=N1 Chemical compound N1C=CNN=N1 XYSKSDPTIZGCIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940126543 compound 14 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- WCQOBLXWLRDEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanimidamide;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(N)=N WCQOBLXWLRDEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- AOSZTAHDEDLTLQ-AZKQZHLXSA-N (1S,2S,4R,8S,9S,11S,12R,13S,19S)-6-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-12,19-difluoro-11-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-9,13-dimethyl-6-azapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosa-14,17-dien-16-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1C[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4[C@@H](F)C3)C)(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@@]2([C@@]1(C1)C(=O)CO)C)N1CC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 AOSZTAHDEDLTLQ-AZKQZHLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLGNXYJARSMNGJ-VKTIVEEGSA-N (1s,2s,3r,4r)-3-[[5-chloro-2-[(1-ethyl-6-methoxy-2-oxo-4,5-dihydro-3h-1-benzazepin-7-yl)amino]pyrimidin-4-yl]amino]bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound CCN1C(=O)CCCC2=C(OC)C(NC=3N=C(C(=CN=3)Cl)N[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@]4([H])C[C@@]3(C=C4)[H])C(N)=O)=CC=C21 GLGNXYJARSMNGJ-VKTIVEEGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-3-(cyclopenten-1-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino]propanoyl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1(=CCCC1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[C@@]1(OC1)C)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)NC([C@H](C)NC(CN1CCOCC1)=O)=O)=O GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N (3S)-3-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[5-[(3aS,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoylamino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-[1-bis(4-chlorophenoxy)phosphorylbutylamino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CCCCC1SC[C@@H]2NC(=O)N[C@H]12)C(C)C)P(=O)(Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1)Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1 QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNWIOUYWQLSSJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,2-difluoroethenyl)-4-phenylmethoxybenzene Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)OC1=CC=C(C=C1)C=C(F)F QNWIOUYWQLSSJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 1-[2-[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 1-[6-[2-[3-[3-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-[2-[[(2r)-1-[[2-[[(2r)-1-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-(2-amino-2-oxoethoxy)acetyl]amino]propoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propylamino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-[(2r)-2,3-di(hexadecanoyloxy)propyl]sulfanyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl Chemical compound O=C1C(SCCC(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(=O)N[C@@H](CSC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(N)=O)CC(=O)N1CCNC(=O)CCCCCN\1C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2CC/1=C/C=C/C=C/C1=[N+](CC)C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C1 UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LXJISEJYMAHRKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-(2,2-difluoroethenyl)benzene Chemical group FC(F)=CC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 LXJISEJYMAHRKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULQQGOGMQRGFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobenzenecarboperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl ULQQGOGMQRGFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXDXXGXWFJCXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-furonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CO1 YXDXXGXWFJCXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLZXIIQVOZIAHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(c1cc2ccccc2cc1)c1nnc(CC2=CC3=CCCC=C3C=C2)nn1 Chemical compound C(c1cc2ccccc2cc1)c1nnc(CC2=CC3=CCCC=C3C=C2)nn1 KLZXIIQVOZIAHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GINRQJQYVSIGAP-NSCUHMNNSA-N C/C=C/C(F)=C(F)F Chemical compound C/C=C/C(F)=C(F)F GINRQJQYVSIGAP-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 CBrc1ccc(Cc2nnc(Cc3ccc(*Cc4ccccc4)cc3)nn2)cc1 Chemical compound CBrc1ccc(Cc2nnc(Cc3ccc(*Cc4ccccc4)cc3)nn2)cc1 0.000 description 1
- SJSKIHCEAZHSSG-AOVXEQMCSA-O Cc1ccc(CC(/N=N\C(Cc2cc([N+]([O-])=O)ccc2)=N)=[NH2+])cc1 Chemical compound Cc1ccc(CC(/N=N\C(Cc2cc([N+]([O-])=O)ccc2)=N)=[NH2+])cc1 SJSKIHCEAZHSSG-AOVXEQMCSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229940126657 Compound 17 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPOPAJRDYZGTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=N1 DPOPAJRDYZGTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125773 compound 10 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125797 compound 12 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125758 compound 15 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126142 compound 16 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006352 cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007877 drug screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005059 halophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N jdtic Chemical compound C1([C@]2(C)CCN(C[C@@H]2C)C[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]2NCC3=CC(O)=CC=C3C2)=CC=CC(O)=C1 ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- YCWSUKQGVSGXJO-NTUHNPAUSA-N nifuroxazide Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)N\N=C\C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 YCWSUKQGVSGXJO-NTUHNPAUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Substances [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012450 pharmaceutical intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006257 total synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D257/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D257/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D257/08—Six-membered rings
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种芳香类1,2,4,5‑四嗪化合物的制备方法,该方法是将芳基偕二氟烯烃与水合肼反应后,反应液采用饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭,所得反应产物采用乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸钾溶液溶解后,置于空气中反应,即得芳香类1,2,4,5‑四嗪化合物;该方法操作简单、反应条件温和、成本低、副产物少、收率高,可以得到对称或不对称的芳香类1,2,4,5‑四嗪化合物,不受底物局限,以便建立芳香类1,2,4,5‑四嗪化合物库,为生物标记、新药创制和功能材料等提供原料来源。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的制备方法,特别涉及以芳基偕二氟烯烃为原料制备芳香1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的方法,属于绿色化学和药物中间体合成技术领域。
背景技术
近年来,1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物因其高效的反应速率,优秀的选择性,产物专一,无须催化剂、无有毒副产物生成的特点,在天然产物全合成、细胞分子化学、杂环化学、药物化学等领域都具有很广泛的应用。
早在1900年,Hantzsch和Lehmann就率先合成了1,2,4,5-四嗪,但是产率很低,且不稳定,但作为二烯体,在环加成反应中具有很高的反应活性。
在1958年,Lindsey,R.V.,Jr.和Carboni,R.A就使用了四氟乙烯与水合肼反应生成1,2-二氢四嗪,再用硝酸等强氧化剂将其氧化成四嗪;该方法需要用到复杂的季铵盐作为催化剂以及采用无机硝酸作为氧化剂,会产生废酸水,造成环境污染。
1986年,Pavlov,P.A.和Kul'nevich,V.G.使用了氰基呋喃在硫的催化下与水合肼反应生成了1,2-二氢四嗪,并用高纯硫酸铜氧化成1,2,4,5-四嗪;该方法需要用到氰类化合物作为底物,毒性大,且需采用金属氧化剂,造成环境污染。
1988年,Sun,Xicheng and Ren,Guodu在有机化学杂志上发表了用乙脒盐酸盐与氰类化合物在水合肼的作用下反应生成相应不同基团交叉的1,2,4,5-四嗪;该方法同样用到氰类化合物,毒性大,且乙脒盐酸盐成本高。
后来人们的工作大都是在底物拓展,氧化条件的优化上展开,而通过芳香类偕二氟烯烃为原料与水合肼反应再经过空气氧化生成芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪的路线还未有人报道。
发明内容
针对现有的1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的合成过程中所用的催化剂存在金属或非金属试剂的污染,且大都使用具有毒性的氰类化合物为原料,且后处理较为复杂、反应条件苛刻等缺陷,本发明的另一个目的是在于提供一种无需采用金属催化或高成本氧化试剂、原料易得、反应条件温和、产物收率高、副产物少的制备具有双芳基类取代结构1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的方法,该方法设计合成具有全新结构的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物,为药物筛选和新药合成提供原料来源。
本发明公开了一种芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的制备方法,该方法是将式1芳基偕二氟烯烃与水合肼反应后,反应液采用饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭,所得反应产物采用乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸钾溶液溶解后,置于空气中反应,即得式4芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物;
或者,将式2芳基偕二氟烯烃和式3芳基偕二氟烯烃分别与水合肼反应,得到反应液I和反应液II,所述反应液I和反应液II混合后,采用饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭,所得反应产物采用乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸钾溶液溶解后,置于空气中反应,即得式5芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物;
其中,
Ar、Ar1和Ar2独立选自芳基。
优选的方案,式1~式5中Ar、Ar1和Ar2独立选自苯基、取代苯基或奈基。较优选的方案,Ar、Ar1和Ar2独立选自萘基、联苯基、苄氧基苯基、硝基苯基、烷基苯基、卤代苯基。更优选的方案,Ar选自联苯基、α萘基、β萘基或苄氧基苯基;Ar1和Ar2独立选自苄氧基苯基、溴代苯基、联苯基、溴代苯基、α萘基、β萘基、甲基苯基或硝基苯基。
优选的方案,式1芳基偕二氟烯烃、式2芳基偕二氟烯烃或式3芳基偕二氟烯烃与水合肼的反应摩尔比为1:5~20。
较优选的方案,式1芳基偕二氟烯烃、式2芳基偕二氟烯烃或式3芳基偕二氟烯烃与水合肼反应的时间为2~4h。
优选的方案,置于空气中反应的时间为18~30h。
最优选的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物如下1~17:
本发明的芳基偕二氟代烯烃可以参考文献(S.-A.-Fuqua1,W.-G.Duncan and R.-M.-Silverstein,Organic Syntheses,1967,47,49)简单合成:
本发明的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的制备方法是采用芳基偕二氟代烯烃先与水合肼反应,经过后处理在饱和碳酸钾溶液与乙酸乙酯混合溶液中,利用空气氧化,得到芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物。通过本发明的方法不但可以合成对称的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物,也可以合成不对称的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物,不受底物局限。
相对现有技术,本发明的技术方案带来以下技术优势:
1)本发明制备芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的过程操作简单、条件温和,整个反应过程可以在常温及空气条件下进行。
2)本发明制备芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物采用的芳基偕二氟代烯烃原料来源广,可以采用现有的成熟工艺简单合成,且安全性高,避免了氰类化合物的使用。
3)本发明制备芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物过程中无需采用昂贵的催化剂及金属氧化剂,降低了生产成本,有利于环保。
4)本发明的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物制备具有副反应少,收率高的特点,收率达到64~87%。
5)本发明的方法可以制备对称或不对称的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物,不受底物局限,以便建立芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物库,为药物筛选和新药合成提供原料来源。
附图说明
【图1】为实施例10产物的单晶结构图。
具体实施方式
下列实施例旨在进一步说明本发明内容,而不是限制本发明权利要求的保护范围。
下列实施案例中所用原料芳基偕二氟烯烃按照如下合成路线(Ar为间位硝基苯或者4-苄氧基苯基、4-甲基苯基、4-氯苯基、4-溴苯基、联苯基、α萘或β萘结构:(S.-A.-Fuqua1,W.-G.Duncan and R.-M.-Silverstein,Organic Syntheses,1967,47,49)。
以下实施1~5按照以下合成路线制备,可以制备化合物1~5:
实施例1
将4-(2,2-二氟乙烯基)-1,1'-联苯(50mg,0.27mmol,1equiv)溶于DMF溶液(3mL),加入水合肼(80%,35mg,1.35mmol,5equiv)搅拌2-4小时。之后加入3mL饱和氯化铵淬灭,再用5mL二氯甲烷萃取三次,分液得到有机相;将有机相用无水硫酸镁干燥,抽滤,旋干有机相得到白色或紫色固体,将其用乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸钾溶液溶解,在空气中敞口反应24小时,反应结束之后直接分液得到有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压蒸馏后经硅胶快速柱层析分离,滤液减压蒸馏后经硅胶快速柱层析分离,即得目标产物化合物1(41mg,0.22mmol,产率为83%)。此外,我们还尝试使用了别的氧化剂和溶剂体系:
对比实施例1
按实施例1步骤,在水合肼与4-(2,2-二氟乙烯基)-1,1'-联苯反应结束处理完得到的白色固体中加入盐酸(浓度为1mol/L)3mL和亚硝酸钠(3equiv,0.81mmol,55mg),反应24小时,之后用二氯甲烷萃取,用无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,过滤,滤液减压蒸馏后经硅胶快速柱层析分离,滤液减压蒸馏后经硅胶快速柱层析分离,即得目标产物化合物1(4mg,0.018mmol,产率为7%);
对比实施例2
按实施例1步骤,在水合肼与4-(2,2-二氟乙烯基)-1,1'-联苯反应结束处理完得到的白色固体中加入硫酸(浓度为0.5mol/L)3mL和亚硝酸钠(3equiv,0.81mmol,55mg),反应24小时,之后用二氯甲烷萃取,用无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,过滤,滤液减压蒸馏后经硅胶快速柱层析分离,滤液减压蒸馏后经硅胶快速柱层析分离,即得目标产物化合1(28mg,0.15mmol,产率为56%);
对比实施例3
按实施例1步骤,在水合肼与4-(2,2-二氟乙烯基)-1,1'-联苯反应结束处理完得到的白色固体中间氯过氧苯甲酸(5equiv,1.35mmol,232mg),用氯仿溶解并反应24小时,之后用二氯甲烷萃取,用无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,过滤,滤液减压蒸馏后经硅胶快速柱层析分离,滤液减压蒸馏后经硅胶快速柱层析分离,即得目标产物化合1(28mg,0.15mmol,产率为56%);
化合物1:m.p.200-202℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2924,2850,1488,1451,1432,1388,851,750;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.55-7.33(m,18H),4.65(s,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.2,140.6,140.4,134.8,129.7,128.8,127.6,127.4,127.1,40.9;HRMS(ESI):calcd.for C28H22N4[M+H]+415.19172,found415.19124。
实施例2
底物:α萘基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物2:(88mg,64%);m.p.151℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2924,2853,1596,1511,1397,1377,784,766;.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)8.20-7.37(m,14H),4.94(s,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.2,134.0,132.2,131.8,128.8,128.4,128.4,126.6,125.9,125.6,124.0,38.7;HRMS(ESI):calcd.for C24H18N4[M+H]+363.16003,found 363.16042。
实施例3
底物:4-苄氧基苯基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物3:(39mg,77%).purple solid.m.p.164℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2926,2905,1614,1513,1470,1454,1432,1383,1298,1178,1013,840,697;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)7.41-6.90(m,18H),5.02(s,4H),4.52(s,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.3,158.1,136.9,130.4,128.6,128.2,128.0,127.4,115.3,70.0,40.4;HRMS(ESI):calcd.for C30H26N4O2[M+H]+475.21285,found 475.21242。
实施例4
底物:β萘偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物4:m.p.191℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2924,2853,1599,1508,1430,1380,836,747;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)7.87-7.43(m,14H),4.74(s,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.2,133.5,133.2,132.5,128.7,128.1,127.7,127.7,127.1,126.3,126.0,41.4;HRMS(ESI):calcd.for C24H18N4[M+H]+363.16024,found363.15997。
实施例5
底物:间硝基苯基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物5:(26mg,69%).purple solid.m.p.167℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2922,2851,1525,1470,1381,1346,726;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)8.30-7.51(m,8H),4.75(s,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ168.6,148.6,137.2,135.5,129.9,124.4,127.7,40.4;HRMS(ESI):calcd.for C16H12N6O4[M+H]+,355.11493,found355.11458。
以下实施例6~17按照以下合成路线制备,制备化合物6~17:
实施例6
将1-(苄氧基)-4-(2,2-二氟乙烯基)苯(27mg,0.11mmol,1equiv)溶于DMF溶液(3mL),加入水合肼(80%,19mg,0.55mmol,5equiv)搅拌2-4小时,再取1,1-二氟-2-(4-溴苯基)乙烯(206mg,1.1mmol,10equiv)于另一反应瓶中,加入DMF(3mL)溶解,再加入水合肼(80%,190mg,0.55mmol,50equiv)搅拌2-4小时;两者在反应结束之后直接混合,共同处理,加入3mL饱和氯化铵淬灭,再用5mL二氯甲烷萃取三次,分液得到有机相;将有机相用无水硫酸镁干燥,抽滤,旋干有机相得到白色或紫色固体,将其用乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸钾溶液溶解,在空气中敞口反应24小时,反应结束之后直接分液得到有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压蒸馏后经硅胶快速柱层析分离,滤液减压蒸馏后经硅胶快速柱层析分离,即得目标产物化合物14(18mg,0.05mmol)。
化合物6:(29mg,85%).purple solid.m.p.103℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2927,2855,1512,1379,1295,1251,787;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)7.45-6.91(m,13H),5.02(s,2H),4.54(s,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.5,168.7,158.1,136.9,134.7,132.0,131.0,130.4,128.6,128.0,128.0,127.4,127.4,121.5,115.3,70.0,40.6,40.4;HRMS(ESI):calcd.forC23H19BrN4O[M+H]+,447.08150,found 447.08101。
实施例7
底物:4-苄氧基苯基偕二氟烯烃,联苯基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物7:(17mg,79%).purple solid.m.p.131℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2925,2853,1514,1383,1245,1013,755;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)7.55-6.90(m,18H),5.02(s,2H),4.63(s,2H),4.54(s,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.4,169.1,130.4,129.7,128.8,128.6,128.0.,127.6,127.4,127.4,127.1,115.3,70.1,40.9,40.4;HRMS(ESI):calcd.forC29H24N4O[M+H]+,445.20229,found 445.20164。
实施例8
底物:4-苄氧基苯基偕二氟烯烃,4-氯苯基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物8:(26mg,84%).purple solid.m.p.98℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2924,2852,1514,1492,1382,1253,743;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.39-6.91(m,13H),5.02(s,2H),4.56(s,2H),4.54(s,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.5,168.8,158.1,136.9,134.2,133.4,130.6,130.4,129.0,128.6,128.0,127.4,115.3,70.0,40.5,40.4;HRMS(ESI):calcd.forC23H19ClN4O[M+H]+,403.13202,found 403.13133。实施例9
底物:4-苄氧基苯基偕二氟烯烃,β萘基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物9:(124mg,83%).purple solid.m.p.146℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2921,2849,1513,1383,1248,1014,836;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.86-6.89(m,17H),5.01(s,2H),4.75(s,2H),4.53(s,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.4,169.1,158.5,136.9,133.3,132.5,130.3,128.6.,128.6,128.1,128.0,127.7,127.7,127.4,127.1,126.3,126.0,115.3,70.0,41.4,40.4;HRMS(ESI):calcd.forC27H22N4O[M+H]+,419.18644,found419.18634
实施例10
底物:4-甲基苯基偕二氟烯烃,4-苄氧基苯基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物10:(35mg,87%)yield.purple solid.m.p.94℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-12922,2854,1529,1383,1248,1012,740;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.38-6.90(m,13H),5.02(s,2H),4.54(s,2H),4.52(s,2H),2.30(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.3,169.3,158.1,137.0,136.9,132.8,130.3,129.5,129.1,128.6,128.2,127.9,127.4,115.3,70.0,40.8,40.4,21.0;HRMS(ESI):calcd.for C24H22N4O[M+H]+,383.18664,found 383.18637
实施例11
底物:4-苄氧基苯基偕二氟烯烃,α萘基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物11:(18mg,80%).purple solid.m.p.106℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2923,2855,1513,1415,1377,1245,1046,786;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)8.27-8.24(m,1H),7.38-7.25(m,14H);6.90-6.88(d,J=8Hz,2H);5.03(s,2H),5.00(s,2H),4.49(s,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.3,169.2,158.1,136.9,134.0,132.2,130.4.,128.8,128.6,128.4,128.1,128.0,127.4,126.6,125.9,125.6,124.0,70.0,40.4,38.7;HRMS(ESI):calcd.forC27H22N4O[M+H]+,419.18644,found 419.18634
实施例12
底物:间硝基基苯基偕二氟烯烃,α萘基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物12:(18mg,78%).m.p.100℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2922,2850,1529,1463,1379,1351,790;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)purple solid.δ8.28-7.48(m,11H),5.07(s,2H),4.68(s,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.8,168.0,137.4,135.5,134.0,131.9,131.7,129.8,128.9,128.5,128.4,126.7,126.0,125.7,124.4,123.8,122.6,40.7,38.8;HRMS(ESI):calcd.for C20H15N5O2[M+H]+,358.12985,found 358.12971
实施例13
底物:间硝基苯基偕二氟烯烃,4-溴苯基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物13:purple solid.m.p.80℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2920,2849,1529,1491,1380,1351 733;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.29-7.29(m,8H),4.72(s,2H),4.58(s,2H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.2,168.4,148.5,137.4,135.5,134.4,132.1,131.0,129.9,122.6,121.7,40.7,40.7;HRMS(ESI):calcd.for C16H12BrN5O2[M+H]+,386.02471,found386.02430
实施例14
底物:间硝基苯基偕二氟烯烃,4-氯苯基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物14:(31mg,76%).purple solid.m.p.75℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2920,2849,1529,1491,1380,1351,733;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.30-7.28(m,8H),4.72(s,2H),4.59(s,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.2,168.4,137.4,135.5,133.9,133.6,130.6,129.9,129.1,124.4,122.6,40.7,40.6;HRMS(ESI):calcd.forC16H12ClN5O2[M+H]+,342.07523,found 342.07474
实施例15
底物:间硝基苯基偕二氟烯烃,β萘基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物15:(19mg,83%).purple solid.m.p.113℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2922,2851,1529,1464,1380,1353,734;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.29-7.44(m,13H),4.78(s,2H),4.70(s,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ168.6,167.3,146.1,134.5,132.5,131.9,131.5,128.8,127.9,127.7,127.1,126.7,126.6,126.0,125.4,125.1,123.4,121.6,40.4,39.7;HRMS(ESI):calcd.for C20H15N5O2[M+H]+,358.12985,found 358.12924。
实施例16
底物:间硝基苯基偕二氟烯烃,4-甲基苯基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物16:(22mg,81%).purple solid.m.p.73℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2922,2851,1522,1426,1382,1345,730;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)8.30-7.28(m,8H),4.72(s,2H),4.59(s,2H),2.17(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.2,168.4,148.5,137.4,135.5,133.9,130.6,129.9,129.1,124.4,122.6,40.9,40.7,21.0;HRMS(ESI):calcd.for C17H15N5O2[M+H]+,322.12985,found 322.12946
实施例17
底物:间硝基苯基偕二氟烯烃,联苯基偕二氟烯烃;
产物:
化合物17:(24mg,78%).purple solid.m.p.92℃;IR(KBr)nmax/cm-1 2925,2853,1529,1488,1380,1350,759;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.31-7.26(m,13H),5.02(s,2H),4.72(s,2H),4.67(s,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.6,168.3,140.5,137.5,135.5,134.5,129.7,128.8,127.7,127.4,127.0,124.4,122.6,40.9,40.7;HRMS(ESI):calcd.forC22H17N5O2[M+H]+,384.14550,found 384.14503。
Claims (7)
1.一种芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:
将式1芳基偕二氟烯烃与水合肼反应后,反应液采用饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭,所得反应产物采用乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸钾溶液溶解后,置于空气中反应,即得式4芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物;
或者,
将式2芳基偕二氟烯烃和式3芳基偕二氟烯烃分别与水合肼反应,得到反应液I和反应液II,所述反应液I和反应液II混合后,采用饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭,所得反应产物采用乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸钾溶液溶解后,置于空气中反应,即得式5芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物;
其中,
Ar、Ar1和Ar2独立选自芳基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:Ar、Ar1和Ar2独立选自苯基、取代苯基或奈基。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:Ar、Ar1和Ar2独立选自萘基、联苯基、苄氧基苯基、硝基苯基、烷基苯基、卤代苯基。
4.根据权利要求3所述的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:Ar选自联苯基、α萘基、β萘基或苄氧基苯基;
Ar1和Ar2独立选自苄氧基苯基、溴代苯基、联苯基、溴代苯基、α萘基、β萘基、甲基苯基或硝基苯基。
5.根据权利要求1所述的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:式1芳基偕二氟烯烃、式2芳基偕二氟烯烃或式3芳基偕二氟烯烃与水合肼的反应摩尔比为1:5~20。
6.根据权利要求1或5所述的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:式1芳基偕二氟烯烃、式2芳基偕二氟烯烃或式3芳基偕二氟烯烃与水合肼反应的时间为2~4h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的芳香类1,2,4,5-四嗪化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:置于空气中反应的时间为18~30h。
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