CN106718286A - Plant cultivation basin and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant cultivation basin and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718286A CN106718286A CN201710007638.1A CN201710007638A CN106718286A CN 106718286 A CN106718286 A CN 106718286A CN 201710007638 A CN201710007638 A CN 201710007638A CN 106718286 A CN106718286 A CN 106718286A
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- main body
- cultivation
- bowl main
- hydrogel
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0291—Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/60—Apparatus for preparing growth substrates or culture media
Abstract
The invention discloses plant cultivation basin and preparation method thereof, including cultivation bowl main body, cultivation bowl main body is one end open, the column of other end closing, blind end internal diameter is less than openend internal diameter, and the separation layer of flexible connection is provided near blind end, and chamber is formed with blind end, the built-in nutrient solution for being mixed with composite microbial bacteria of chamber, separation layer is provided with some through holes;Cultivation bowl main body is formed by bentonite, dry cow dung, stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid, starch compacting, and separation layer is coated with hydrogel with upper bit, outer layer in cultivation bowl main body, and degradation plastic is coated with outside the hydrogel of cultivation bowl main body outer layer.And there is provided the preparation method of the plant cultivation basin.The present invention can degrade and in alms bowl plant plant provide nutrition, with water resistance, water-retaining property is strong the characteristics of, moreover it is possible to improve the disease resistance ability of plant.It is particularly well-suited to the alkaline land improvement in arid area or salt-soda soil area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant cultivating device field, and in particular to plant cultivation basin and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In agricultural or forestry planting process, often due to weather arid or during alkaline land improving, crop or plant
Thing is sowed or transplants relatively difficult, it is necessary to substantial amounts of manpower and water source carry out manual watering.Arid area can pour major part
The water entered is sponged or evaporated, and salt-soda soil then needs the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or keeps apart saline-alkali soil, had a strong impact on plant into
Motility rate and growth, very big difficulty is brought to production.
China is large agricultural country, while a large amount of production crops, the agricultural crop straw for also largely going out of use, in order to and
When plant later stage crop, friend peasant have it is direct discarded agricultural crop straw is burnt in Tanaka, it is this not only to cause environment
Pollution, also results in the damage in farmland, and what is also had is deposited in elsewhere discarded agricultural crop straw, last still when bavin standing grain is burnt,
Therefore, the agricultural crop straw for largely going out of use is in without utilization state.The aquaculture of China is also very flourishing simultaneously, has piled up a large amount of
The excrement such as ox, sheep, pig, these excrement contain substantial amounts of nutrient, are fertilizers.
General polypots can bring white pollution to environment.The vinyon alms bowl of Europe limitation production is just made to the earth
Into very serious white pollution, if the severe part of this white pollution is to let go unchecked, it can exist on the ground greatly it is several
It is century-old and can not be degradable, if the gas that treatment of being burnt to it is released can also cause secondary pollution to environment, recycle
Expenses Cost is too high and loses more than gain.At present, the white garbage for abandoning everywhere not only causes the in poor quality in soil, even more to agricultural
Production, water generating, earth environment produces very negative impact.Increasingly focus on today of quality of life, the material of alms bowl in people
Material also must be considered that the influence to environment, so just there is the disposable degradable in addition to ceramic alms bowl, wooden alms bowl, polypots
Alms bowl.
The production of existing degradable alms bowl mainly uses following several ways:1st, it is compressing using stalk and starch;2nd, make
It is compressing with string;3rd, with municipal sludge mixing PVA productions etc..Although the alms bowl that above several ways are produced also can
Meet that degradable, environment-adapting ability is good and advantage of low cost, but water resistance, the water-retaining property of alms bowl that prior art is produced
Not enough, and degradation process is larger with environmental change.
The content of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention be:Plant cultivation basin is provided, can be degraded and be planted in alms bowl
Thing provides nutrition, and water resistance, water-retaining property are strong.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention be:The preparation method that plant cultivation basin is provided.
Plant cultivation basin, including cultivation bowl main body, cultivation bowl main body are one end open, the column of other end closing, envelope
Closed end internal diameter is less than openend internal diameter, and the separation layer of flexible connection is provided near blind end, and chamber, chamber are formed with blind end
The built-in nutrient solution for being mixed with composite microbial bacteria, separation layer is provided with some through holes;Cultivation bowl main body by bentonite, dry cow dung,
Stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid, starch compacting are formed, and separation layer is coated with hydrogel with upper bit, outer layer in cultivation bowl main body, plants
Degradation plastic is coated with outside the hydrogel for training alms bowl main body outer layer.
Preferably, described cultivation bowl main body is 20~25 by mass percent:25~30:25~30:7~10:7~
10:6~10 bentonite, dry cow dung, stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid, starch compacting are formed.Starch plays nutritional ingredient and bonding
The double action of agent.
Preferably, described cultivation bowl main body is 24 by mass percent:28:28:8:8:8 bentonite, dry cow dung, straw
Stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid, starch compacting are formed.
Preferably, described stalk is wheat stalk, maize straw, broomcorn straw after soybean stalk, and ensiling, after ensiling
Stalk drying after it is standby.
Preferably, the described nutrient solution for being mixed with composite microbial bacteria is that mass ratio is 3:97 composite microbial bacteria and nothing
The cooperation of machine solution is formed, and wherein composite microbial bacteria is that mass ratio is 2:2:2:2:1:1:1:1 azotobacter chroococcum, healthy and free from worry wood
Mould, Neuraspora crassa, bacillus licheniformis, streptomyces fradiae, bacillus thuringiensis, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria.
Preferably, described inorganic solution is that thousand points of contents of quality are potassium nitrate 0.588, calcium nitrate 0.720, ammonium phosphate
0.152nd, magnesium sulfate 0.294, iron chloride 0.142, KI 0.003, boric acid 0.000 56, zinc sulfate 0.000 56, manganese sulfate
0.000 56。
Preferably, described hydrogel is Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Films.
Preferably, described cultivation bowl body openings end top is designed with the top cover of central concave, and top cover is symmetrical two
Part constitutes, and top cap central after composition is circular implantation hole, center to being provided with some air-vents that catchment between cap edge,
Cap edge shape matches with cultivation bowl main body, and slightly larger than cultivation bowl body rim.The constituent and cultivation bowl of top cover
Main body is identical.
Preferably, described insolated layer materials are identical with cultivation bowl main body, but outer layer does not scribble hydrogel.
The preparation method of plant cultivation basin, comprises the following steps:
A. ensiling stalks, dry standby after 20 days or so by straw ensiling;
B. bentonite, dry cow dung, stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid are pulverized and sieved, and is in mass ratio 20~25:25~30:
25~30:7~10:7~10 ratios mix with the starch that mass ratio is 6~10, standby;
C. add water raw material in blend step b, and it is 20~25% to dry to water content;
D. the material after combination drying is poured into Auto molding to be molded, hydraulic power press hot pressing, hot pressing temperature is 100
~160 DEG C, hot pressing time is 40~150s, and hot pressing pressure is 2~15Mpa;
E. after the blank demoulding being made will be molded, the hydrogel with composite microbial bacteria is coated in the inside and outside layer of blank;
F. in the outer side covers last layer degredation plastic of cultivation bowl main body outer layer hydrogel;
G. top cover and separation layer are made by above-mentioned steps a to d, and hydrogel is coated in the bottom of top cover after being pressed into blank.
Preferably, the mould oil that the demoulding is used in described step e is silicone oil.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, directly make the nutritious cultivation bowl of degradable band and carry out planting plants, the straw nutrition loss after ensiling is few,
Other materials are coordinated to constitute the nutrition system of comparatively perfect;Can be added to interior Nutrition Soil when cultivation bowl main body and plantation, can be with
Ensure the nutrition of plant, it is therefore prevented that the destructiveness to soil is used, the infringement for causing of such as excessively applying fertilizer.
The combination of the 2nd, effect of cultivation bowl main body because the microorganism for adding is degraded with help, and these microbial bacterias
With certain diseases prevention insect resistance capacity, therefore the disease resistance ability of plant can be improved;Hydrogel has water retention;Can drop
Solution plastics can guarantee that isolates with the surrounding environment short time;Cultivation bowl is placed directly in different environment, you can form one solely
Vertical subenvironment, directly plantation harvests plant.
3rd, melted after use in nature, on environment without influence, do not destroyed;Degraded early stage can be temporarily isolating with environment, protect
Card alms bowl implants are grown up healthy and sound, because root system is flourishing after growth, are adapted to poor environment, and poor environment is entered
Row improvement, therefore planted suitable for salt-soda soil or arid area, without seedling-slowing stage, planting season shortens, and effect is obvious.
4th, the top cover in cultivation bowl can play a part of to catchment, water conservation, therefore the design is particularly well-suited to arid area.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention one, two, three;
In figure, 1- cultivation bowl main bodys;2- top covers;3- implantation holes;4- catchments air-vent;5- separation layers.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment one
1. the preparation of ensiling stalks
Maize straw, broomcorn straw etc. are prescinded and fills out cellar for storing things, sealed after filling, taken out after being fermented through 20 days, stalk is carried out
Preliminary decomposition, is conducive to nutrition to keep and later degraded, and is conducive to the making of operation below, and drying is standby.
2. bentonite, dry cow dung, stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid powder are broken to 10~150 mesh, sieved, and be in mass ratio
20:25:25:10:10 ratios mix with the starch that mass ratio is 10,
3. add water raw material in blend step 2, and it is 20~25% to dry to water content;
4. the material after combination drying is poured into Auto molding to be molded, mould oil (silicon is coated in mould before molding
Oil), hot pressing temperature is 100 DEG C, and hot pressing time is 150s, and hot pressing pressure is 5Mpa;
5. after the blank demoulding being made will be molded, separation layer 5 coats hydrogel with upper bit, outer layer in blank, first will
Hydrogel is made liquid, is then sprayed onto on blank by glue sprayer;
6. in the outer side covers last layer degredation plastic of the outer layer hydrogel of cultivation bowl main body 1;
7. top cover 2 and separation layer 5 are made by above-mentioned steps 1 to 4, and hydrogel is coated in the bottom of top cover 2 after being pressed into blank.
When actually used:It is full of in the separate cavities room in cultivation bowl main body 1 that will have been manufactured and is mixed with composite microbial bacteria
Nutrient solution, is then separated with separation layer 5, fills in Nutrition Soil, and the plant of plantation is needed in plantation, is watered in drenched whole cultivation bowl
, then be embedded in cultivation bowl main body 1 in the soil that need to be planted by Nutrition Soil, and two parts of top cover 2 are merged, and covers cultivation bowl main body
1, plant is basseted by implantation hole 3, because top cover 2 is depression, and is provided with some air-vents 4 that catchment, so
Arid area can play catchment, water conservation, ventilative effect, the design also as cultivation bowl main body 1 outside be also covered with it is degradable
Plastics, can isolate within a certain period of time with surrounding soil, form a subenvironment, therefore be equally applicable to the improvement in salt-soda soil
In.
Embodiment two
1. the preparation of ensiling stalks
Maize straw, broomcorn straw etc. are prescinded and fills out cellar for storing things, sealed after filling, taken out after being fermented through 20 days, stalk is carried out
Preliminary decomposition, is conducive to nutrition to keep and later degraded, and is conducive to the making of operation below, and drying is standby.
2. bentonite, dry cow dung, stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid powder are broken to 10~150 mesh, sieved, and be in mass ratio
23:25:30:8:8 ratios mix with the starch that mass ratio is 6,
3. add water raw material in blend step 2, and it is 20~25% to dry to water content;
4. the material after combination drying is poured into Auto molding to be molded, mould oil (silicon is coated in mould before molding
Oil), hot pressing temperature is 160 DEG C, and hot pressing time is 40s, and hot pressing pressure is 10Mpa;
5. after the blank demoulding being made will be molded, separation layer 5 coats hydrogel with upper bit, outer layer in blank, first will
Hydrogel is made liquid, is then sprayed onto on blank by glue sprayer;
6. in the outer side covers last layer degredation plastic of the outer layer hydrogel of cultivation bowl main body 1;
7. top cover 2 and separation layer 5 are made by above-mentioned steps 1 to 4, and hydrogel is coated in the bottom of top cover 2 after being pressed into blank.
When actually used:It is full of in the separate cavities room in cultivation bowl main body 1 that will have been manufactured and is mixed with composite microbial bacteria
Nutrient solution, is then separated with separation layer 5, fills in Nutrition Soil, and the plant of plantation is needed in plantation, is watered in drenched whole cultivation bowl
, then be embedded in cultivation bowl main body 1 in the soil that need to be planted by Nutrition Soil, and two parts of top cover 2 are merged, and covers cultivation bowl main body
1, plant is basseted by implantation hole 3, because top cover 2 is depression, and is provided with some air-vents 4 that catchment, so
Arid area can play catchment, water conservation, ventilative effect, the design also as cultivation bowl main body 1 outside be also covered with it is degradable
Plastics, can isolate within a certain period of time with surrounding soil, form a subenvironment, therefore be equally applicable to the improvement in salt-soda soil
In.
Embodiment three
1. the preparation of ensiling stalks
Maize straw, broomcorn straw etc. are prescinded and fills out cellar for storing things, sealed after filling, taken out after being fermented through 20 days, stalk is carried out
Preliminary decomposition, is conducive to nutrition to keep and later degraded, and is conducive to the making of operation below, and drying is standby;
2. bentonite, dry cow dung, stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid powder are broken to 10~150 mesh, sieved, and be in mass ratio
25:30:25:7:7 ratios mix with the starch that mass ratio is 6;
3. the material plus in the appropriate uniform blend step 2 of water, and it is 20~25% to dry to water content;
4. the material after combination drying is poured into Auto molding to be molded, mould oil (silicon is coated in mould before molding
Oil), hot pressing temperature is 130 DEG C, and hot pressing time is 100s, and hot pressing pressure is 15Mpa;
5. after the blank demoulding being made will be molded, separation layer 5 coats hydrogel with upper bit, outer layer in blank, first will
Hydrogel is made liquid, is then sprayed onto on blank by glue sprayer;
6. in the outer side covers last layer degredation plastic of the outer layer hydrogel of cultivation bowl main body 1;
7. top cover 2 and separation layer 5 are made by above-mentioned steps 1 to 4, and hydrogel is coated in the bottom of top cover 2 after being pressed into blank.
When actually used:It is full of in the separate cavities room in cultivation bowl main body 1 that will have been manufactured and is mixed with composite microbial bacteria
Nutrient solution, is then separated with separation layer 5, fills in Nutrition Soil, and the plant of plantation is needed in plantation, is watered in drenched whole cultivation bowl
, then be embedded in cultivation bowl main body 1 in the soil that need to be planted by Nutrition Soil, and two parts of top cover 2 are merged, and covers cultivation bowl main body
1, plant is basseted by implantation hole 3, because top cover 2 is depression, and is provided with some air-vents 4 that catchment, so
Arid area can play catchment, water conservation, ventilative effect, the design also as cultivation bowl main body 1 outside be also covered with it is degradable
Plastics, can isolate within a certain period of time with surrounding soil, form a subenvironment, therefore be equally applicable to the improvement in salt-soda soil
In.
Related experiment of the example IV on cultivation bowl
1. after tested:Nitrogen of the invention, phosphorus, potassium are respectively 0.16%, 0.28% and 0.10%;Degradation results are:It is different
Formula fills soil in the case of cultivation bowl material condition of equivalent thickness 5mm, and the water content about 60% of soil observes its degradation time,
Damaged to flowerpot is boundary, now thinks that flowerpot has been degraded to cannot use.204 days (notebook data is laboratory data, crop field according to
Concrete condition, degradation results are widely different).And tested by hardness, water absorption rate etc., it is found that hardness of the present invention is higher, water suction
Rate is higher, and with certain water holding capacity.
2. plant culture experiment
Select a salt-soda soil, northwest arid area to select a forest land to test in the coastal region in east China, respectively take the alms bowl 20 of forming
It is individual, fill one planting of transplanting in soil and each alms bowl and wherein, 10 alms bowls are arbitrarily respectively placed on an outdoor environment
In, respectively 10 are embedded in soil alms bowl in addition, while identical plot each it is outdoor plantation 10 plants, after six months see
Examine the growing way of plant, it can be seen that the growth of alms bowl implants is most luxuriant in soil, the outer alms bowl implants growth of soil is taken second place.And also
It was found that, the speed of outdoor cultivation bowl degraded is higher than the cultivation bowl degradation speed being embedded in soil.
It should be understood that these embodiments are only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.In addition, it is to be understood that
After the content for having read instruction of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, these
The equivalent form of value equally falls within the application appended claims limited range.
Claims (10)
1. plant cultivation basin, including cultivation bowl main body, it is characterised in that the cultivation bowl main body is that one end is openend, another
Hold the column for blind end, the blind end internal diameter to be less than the openend internal diameter, the blind end is provided with activity
The separation layer of connection, with the blind end formed chamber, the built-in nutrient solution for being mixed with composite microbial bacteria of the chamber, it is described every
Absciss layer is provided with some through holes;The cultivation bowl main body by bentonite, dry cow dung, stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid, starch compacting and
Into separation layer is coated with hydrogel, the hydrogel of the cultivation bowl main body outer layer with upper bit, outer layer in the cultivation bowl main body
It is coated with degradation plastic outward.
2. plant cultivation basin as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cultivation bowl main body by mass percent be 20~
25:25~30:25~30:7~10:7~10:6~10 bentonite, dry cow dung, stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid, starch compacting and
Into.
3. plant cultivation basin as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the cultivation bowl main body is 24 by mass percent:
28:28:8:8:8 bentonite, dry cow dung, stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid, starch compacting are formed.
4. plant cultivation basin as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the stalk is wheat stalk, soybean stalk, and blue or green
Maize straw, broomcorn straw after storage.
5. plant cultivation basin as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the nutrient solution for being mixed with composite microbial bacteria is matter
Amount is than being 3:97 composite microbial bacteria and the cooperation of inorganic solution are formed, and wherein composite microbial bacteria is that mass ratio is 2:2:2:2:
1:1:1:1 azotobacter chroococcum, trichodermaharzianum, Neuraspora crassa, bacillus licheniformis, streptomyces fradiae, Su Yun gold gemma bars
Bacterium, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria.
6. plant cultivation basin as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the inorganic solution is that thousand points of contents of quality are nitric acid
Potassium 0.588, calcium nitrate 0.720, ammonium phosphate 0.152, magnesium sulfate 0.294, iron chloride 0.142, KI 0.003, boric acid 0.000
56th, zinc sulfate 0.000 56, manganese sulfate 0.000 56.
7. plant cultivation basin as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the hydrogel is Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Films.
8. plant cultivation basin as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that during the cultivation bowl body openings end top is designed with
The top cover of heart depression, the top cover is symmetrical two parts composition, and the top cap central after composition is provided with circular implantation hole, described
Top cap central is to being provided with some air-vents that catchment, the cap edge shape and the cultivation bowl main body phase between cap edge
Matching, and slightly larger than the cultivation bowl body rim;The constituent of the top cover is identical with the cultivation bowl main body.
9. the preparation method of plant cultivation basin, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A. ensiling stalks, dry standby after 20 days or so by straw ensiling;
B. bentonite, dry cow dung, stalk, dregs of beans, humic acid are pulverized and sieved, and is in mass ratio 20~25:25~30:25~
30:7~10:7~10 ratios mix with the starch that mass ratio is 6~10, standby;
B. add water raw material in blend step b, and it is 20~25% to dry to water content;
D. the material after combination drying is poured into Auto molding to be molded, hydraulic power press hot pressing, hot pressing temperature be 100~
160 DEG C, hot pressing time is 40~150s, and hot pressing pressure is 2~15Mpa;
E. after the blank demoulding being made will be molded, the hydrogel with composite microbial bacteria is coated in the inside and outside layer of blank;
F. in the outer side covers last layer degredation plastic of cultivation bowl main body outer layer hydrogel;
G. top cover is made by above-mentioned steps a to d, and hydrogel is coated in bottom after being pressed into blank.
10. the preparation method of plant cultivation basin as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the demoulding is used in the step e
Mould oil is silicone oil.
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CN107409833A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-12-01 | 杭州市城市建设科学研究院 | A kind of preparation method of degradable planting container |
CN107602251A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-01-19 | 湖北旭舟林农科技有限公司 | A kind of compound biological bacterium organic fertilizer suitable for idesia Seedling Stage |
CN107810741A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-03-20 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Salt-soda soil plant nutrition bowl and its manufacture method based on coal-fired flue gas desulfurization gypsum |
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