CN106717781A - A kind of corn and the cultural method of watermelon interplanting - Google Patents

A kind of corn and the cultural method of watermelon interplanting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106717781A
CN106717781A CN201611036662.XA CN201611036662A CN106717781A CN 106717781 A CN106717781 A CN 106717781A CN 201611036662 A CN201611036662 A CN 201611036662A CN 106717781 A CN106717781 A CN 106717781A
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watermelon
corn
parts
cultural method
interplanted
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何新霞
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Guangxi University
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Guangxi University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the cultural method that a kind of corn and watermelon are interplanted, mainly including ditching, ridging, temperature, moisture management, training, pest management and step etc. final-period management, wherein corn is colonized in ditch, watermelon is colonized in the ridge back of the body, the corn florescence is the growth period of watermelon later, now removing corn some leaf makes watermelon obtain the illumination of abundance, and watermelon is prior to corn harvest.The present invention dexterously interplants watermelon in milpa, once input two kinds of crops of fertilizer are benefited simultaneously, liquid manure is reduced to be lost in, the harvest of two kinds of crops is all greatly improved, take full advantage of the space in greenhouse and resource, the multiple crop index of land utilization ratio and crops can be largely improved, good economic benefit is obtained, is worth promoting.

Description

A kind of corn and the cultural method of watermelon interplanting
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of corn and the cultural method of watermelon interplanting.
Background technology
Corn (ZeamaysL.) is not only important cereal crops, forage crop, and is important energy crop, Status in China's grain-production will be more and more important.Can accelerate to exclude internal poison containing substantial amounts of plant cellulose in corn Element, wherein natural VE have and promote cell division, anti-aging, reduce serum cholesterol, the function that prevents cutaneous lesions, A kind of popular health food is turned into.
Watermelon, a kind of dicotyledonous flowering plant, shape is in featheriness as tendril, leaf, and the fruit that it is born is pseudocarp, And belong to a class of botanist's referred to as false berry.Fruit rinds are smooth, have decorative pattern in green or yellow, and fruit flesh succulence is red Or yellow.
In the plantation of agricultural product, the mostly monocrop continuous cropping of regional corn and watermelon is harvested for one time each year, more than a year cultivated land area The mostly planting type of crop rotation.Long-term continuous cropping causes soil physical and chemical property to run down due to allelopathy, is unfavorable for work of the same race The growth of thing, and different crop interplantings, can to a certain extent overcome continuous cropping obstacle, reduce the generation of pest and disease damage.Continuous cropping band The exacerbation of the obstacles come, such as pest and disease damage, soil secondary salinization and acidifying, plant Auto toxicity cause the life of crop-planting State environment constantly deteriorates, and also governs the raising of yield, and land utilization ratio is very low.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to:For above-mentioned deficiency, interplanted the invention provides a kind of corn and watermelon Cultural method.The present invention dexterously interplants watermelon in milpa, once puts into two kinds of crops of fertilizer and is benefited simultaneously, reduces liquid manure It is lost in, the harvest of two kinds of crops is all greatly improved, and takes full advantage of the space in greenhouse and resource, can largely improve soil Ground utilization rate and the multiple crop index of crops, obtain good economic benefit, are worth promoting.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of corn and the cultural method of watermelon interplanting, comprise the steps of:
(1)Ditching, ridging:Spring is spaced 90~100cm ditching, ridgings, the ditch that formation is parallel to each other in greenhouse along North and South direction 40~50cm of bottom width, ditch 85~100cm of top width, depth are that 55~60cm cross sections are trapezoidal ditch, in bottom of trench organic fertilizer, With the spacing in the rows maize planting of 95~100cm in ditch, corn imposes urea and farm manure after growing 6 ± 1 leaves, after 35~40d, Before the corn florescence, watermelon seedlings are colonized with the spacing of 85~95cm and in the middle of two plants of corns in ridge back;
(2)Temperature, moisture management:Canopy temperature daytime is 25~35 DEG C, night is 15~20 DEG C, relative air humidity 85~ 90%;
(3)Training:Removing corn staminiferous plant and milpa grow the leaf below corn position, the too intensive place of corn leaf Break-off portion maize leaves, allow watermelon seedling to obtain the light application time of abundance;By the every plant of main stem of watermelon pinching repeatedly, growing way compared with Vigorous watermelon seedling life, using how climing pruning method, in addition to main stem is retained, will also stay 1~2 robust growth in main stem base portion, The essentially identical lateral bine of growth potential, remaining lateral bine is wiped out;
(4)Pest management:Strengthen draining and remove weeds in field, while removing the watermelon seedling of morbid state in time, watermelon is carried out Flower and fruit protecting, artificial pollination;
(5)Final-period management:Watermelon is ripe prior to corn, and Watermelon Fruit harvesting will in time remove melon after terminating climing, can emergency burial As green manure, for the growth of the crops of autumn plantation provides good condition;Corn is harvested after corn maturation.
Further, a kind of described corn and the cultural method of watermelon interplanting, in the stage at watermelon florescence, use gemma bar Bacterium, humic acid, the mixed solution of extracts of Chinese herbal medicine composition, spray melon seedling 1~2 time weekly, and every 10~15d spreads one to melon seedling field Secondary plant ash.
Further, the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is composed of the following components by weight:25~35 parts of Radix Codonopsis, matrine 20 ~30 parts, 25~35 parts of Asiatic plantain, 30~35 parts of S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, 20~25 parts of black nightshade, 25~30 parts of gelsemium elegan, cordate houttuynia 15~20 Part, its preparation method is:By all raw materials 1.0~1.5h of ultrasonic extraction after 5~6h of soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol, natural filtration slagging-off Obtain final product.
Further, in watermelon fruiting period, dissolved in first adding warm water with polyvinyl alcohol pellet, be configured to concentration for 2%, Temperature is not higher than 45 DEG C of poly-vinyl alcohol solution, and disposable even application is carried out to just thanking to colored Watermelon Fruit, after 20~25d, The ratio of 450~500 times of pouring roots, bacillus subtilis and 75% Bravo is diluted to bacillus subtilis and 75% Bravo again Example is 1:1.
Further, in step(1), the farm manure is composed of the following components by weight:260~300 parts of cow dung, horse 165~195 parts of excrement, 105~125 parts of plant ash, 90~100 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 85~95 parts of composite fertilizer, 65~85 parts of ammonium molybdate, sulphur 60~80 parts of sour zinc powder.
Further, in step(3), remove corn branches and leaves will after the corn florescence 18~23d.
In sum, the present invention has the positive effect that as a result of such scheme:
(1)The present invention dexterously interplants watermelon in milpa, reduces the growth of corn ground weed, and saving of labor saves in production management Power, and once input two kinds of crops of fertilizer are benefited simultaneously, realize mulch film, agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer and share, and reduce liquid manure and are lost in, two kinds The harvest of crop is all greatly improved.
(2)The present invention plants in ditch corn, and watermelon is planted in the ridge back of the body, fully meets watermelon with corn to moisture and fertilizer The utilization condition of material, the watermelon growing phase after corn growing season, and watermelon the summit of growth phase by some leaf of corn Remove, it is to avoid the daylighting of watermelon is blocked by corn, takes full advantage of the space in greenhouse and resource, can largely be improved Land utilization ratio and the multiple crop index of crops, obtain good economic benefit, are worth promoting.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the cultural method that embodiment is interplanted to a kind of corn of the invention and watermelon, it is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of corn and the cultural method of watermelon interplanting, comprise the steps of:
(1)Ditching, ridging:Spring is spaced 90cm ditching, ridgings, the ditch bottom width that formation is parallel to each other in greenhouse along North and South direction 40cm, ditch top width 85cm, depth is trapezoidal ditch for 55cm cross sections, in bottom of trench organic fertilizer, with the spacing in the rows of 95cm in ditch Maize planting, corn imposes urea and farm manure after growing 6 ± 1 leaves, and after 35d, before the corn florescence, on ridge, back is with 85cm Spacing and be colonized watermelon seedlings in the middle of two plants of corns;The farm manure is composed of the following components by weight:Cow dung 260 Part, 165 parts of horsehit, 105 parts of plant ash, 90 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 85 parts of composite fertilizer, 65 parts of ammonium molybdate, 60 parts of sulfuric acid zinc powder;
(2)Temperature, moisture management:Canopy temperature daytime is 25 DEG C, night is 15 DEG C, relative air humidity 85%;
(3)Training:18d after the corn florescence, removing corn staminiferous plant and milpa grow the leaf below corn position, corn The too intensive local break-off portion maize leaves of leaf, allow watermelon seedling to obtain the light application time of abundance;By every plant of master of watermelon Climing pinching repeatedly, the more vigorous watermelon seedling life of growing way, using how climing pruning method, in addition to main stem is retained, will also be in main stem base portion 1 robust growth is stayed, the essentially identical lateral bine of growth potential wipes out remaining lateral bine;
(4)Pest management:Strengthen draining and remove weeds in field, while removing the watermelon seedling of morbid state in time, watermelon is carried out Flower and fruit protecting, artificial pollination;
(5)Final-period management:Watermelon is ripe prior to corn, and Watermelon Fruit harvesting will in time remove melon after terminating climing, can emergency burial As green manure, for the growth of the crops of autumn plantation provides good condition;Corn is harvested after corn maturation.
Further, in the stage at watermelon florescence, the mixed solution constituted with bacillus, humic acid, extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, Sprinkling melon seedling 1 time, a plant ash is spread per 10d to melon seedling field weekly;The extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is by weight by following components Composition:25 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 20 parts of matrine, 25 parts of Asiatic plantain, 30 parts of S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, 20 parts of black nightshade, 25 parts of gelsemium elegan, cordate houttuynia 15 Part, its preparation method is:All raw materials ultrasonic extraction 1.0h after soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol 5h, natural filtration slagging-off are obtained final product;
In watermelon fruiting period, dissolved in first adding warm water with polyvinyl alcohol pellet, be configured to concentration for 2%, temperature is not higher than 45 DEG C poly-vinyl alcohol solution, carry out disposable even application to just thanking to colored Watermelon Fruit, after 20d, then use bacillus subtilis 450 times of pouring roots are diluted to 75% Bravo, the ratio of bacillus subtilis and 75% Bravo is 1:1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of corn and the cultural method of watermelon interplanting, comprise the steps of:
(1)Ditching, ridging:Spring is spaced 100cm ditching, ridgings, the ditch bottom width that formation is parallel to each other in greenhouse along North and South direction 50cm, ditch top width 100cm, depth is trapezoidal ditch for 60cm cross sections, in bottom of trench organic fertilizer, with the strain of 100cm in ditch Away from maize planting, corn imposes urea and farm manure after growing 6 ± 1 leaves, after 40d, before the corn florescence, on ridge back with The spacing of 95cm and it is colonized watermelon seedlings in the middle of two plants of corns;The farm manure is composed of the following components by weight:Cow dung 300 parts, 195 parts of horsehit, 125 parts of plant ash, 100 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 95 parts of composite fertilizer, 85 parts of ammonium molybdate, 80 parts of sulfuric acid zinc powder;
(2)Temperature, moisture management:Canopy temperature daytime is 35 DEG C, night is 20 DEG C, relative air humidity 90%;
(3)Training:23d after the corn florescence, removing corn staminiferous plant and milpa grow the leaf below corn position, corn The too intensive local break-off portion maize leaves of leaf, allow watermelon seedling to obtain the light application time of abundance;By every plant of master of watermelon Climing pinching repeatedly, the more vigorous watermelon seedling life of growing way, using how climing pruning method, in addition to main stem is retained, will also be in main stem base portion 2 robust growths are stayed, the essentially identical lateral bine of growth potential wipes out remaining lateral bine;
(4)Pest management:Strengthen draining and remove weeds in field, while removing the watermelon seedling of morbid state in time, watermelon is carried out Flower and fruit protecting, artificial pollination;
(5)Final-period management:Watermelon is ripe prior to corn, and Watermelon Fruit harvesting will in time remove melon after terminating climing, can emergency burial As green manure, for the growth of the crops of autumn plantation provides good condition;Corn is harvested after corn maturation.
Further, in the stage at watermelon florescence, the mixed solution constituted with bacillus, humic acid, extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, Sprinkling melon seedling 2 times, a plant ash is spread per 15d to melon seedling field weekly;The extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is by weight by following components Composition:35 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 30 parts of matrine, 35 parts of Asiatic plantain, 35 parts of S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, 25 parts of black nightshade, 30 parts of gelsemium elegan, cordate houttuynia 20 Part, its preparation method is:All raw materials ultrasonic extraction 1.5h after soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol 6h, natural filtration slagging-off are obtained final product;
In watermelon fruiting period, dissolved in first adding warm water with polyvinyl alcohol pellet, be configured to concentration for 2%, temperature is not higher than 45 DEG C poly-vinyl alcohol solution, carry out disposable even application to just thanking to colored Watermelon Fruit, after 25d, then use bacillus subtilis 500 times of pouring roots are diluted to 75% Bravo, the ratio of bacillus subtilis and 75% Bravo is 1:1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of corn and the cultural method of watermelon interplanting, comprise the steps of:
(1)Ditching, ridging:Spring is spaced 95cm ditching, ridgings, the ditch bottom width that formation is parallel to each other in greenhouse along North and South direction 45cm, ditch top width 93cm, depth is trapezoidal ditch for 58cm cross sections, in bottom of trench organic fertilizer, with the spacing in the rows of 98cm in ditch Maize planting, corn imposes urea and farm manure after growing 6 ± 1 leaves, and after 37d, before the corn florescence, on ridge, back is with 90cm Spacing and be colonized watermelon seedlings in the middle of two plants of corns;The farm manure is composed of the following components by weight:Cow dung 280 Part, 180 parts of horsehit, 115 parts of plant ash, 95 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 90 parts of composite fertilizer, 75 parts of ammonium molybdate, 70 parts of sulfuric acid zinc powder;
(2)Temperature, moisture management:Canopy temperature daytime is 30 DEG C, night is 18 DEG C, relative air humidity 88%;
(3)Training:21d after the corn florescence, removing corn staminiferous plant and milpa grow the leaf below corn position, corn The too intensive local break-off portion maize leaves of leaf, allow watermelon seedling to obtain the light application time of abundance;By every plant of master of watermelon Climing pinching repeatedly, the more vigorous watermelon seedling life of growing way, using how climing pruning method, in addition to main stem is retained, will also be in main stem base portion 2 robust growths are stayed, the essentially identical lateral bine of growth potential wipes out remaining lateral bine;
(4)Pest management:Strengthen draining and remove weeds in field, while removing the watermelon seedling of morbid state in time, watermelon is carried out Flower and fruit protecting, artificial pollination;
(5)Final-period management:Watermelon is ripe prior to corn, and Watermelon Fruit harvesting will in time remove melon after terminating climing, can emergency burial As green manure, for the growth of the crops of autumn plantation provides good condition;Corn is harvested after corn maturation.
Further, in the stage at watermelon florescence, the mixed solution constituted with bacillus, humic acid, extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, Sprinkling melon seedling 2 times, a plant ash is spread per 12d to melon seedling field weekly;The extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is by weight by following components Composition:30 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 25 parts of matrine, 30 parts of Asiatic plantain, 32 parts of S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, 23 parts of black nightshade, 28 parts of gelsemium elegan, cordate houttuynia 18 Part, its preparation method is:All raw materials ultrasonic extraction 1.2h after soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol 5.5h, natural filtration slagging-off are obtained final product;
In watermelon fruiting period, dissolved in first adding warm water with polyvinyl alcohol pellet, be configured to concentration for 2%, temperature is not higher than 45 DEG C poly-vinyl alcohol solution, carry out disposable even application to just thanking to colored Watermelon Fruit, after 23d, then use bacillus subtilis 480 times of pouring roots are diluted to 75% Bravo, the ratio of bacillus subtilis and 75% Bravo is 1:1.
In sum, the present invention dexterously interplants watermelon in milpa, the growth of corn ground weed is reduced, in production pipe Saved labor in reason, and once input two kinds of crops of fertilizer are benefited simultaneously, realize mulch film, agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer and share, and reduce water Fertilizer is lost in, and the harvest of two kinds of crops is all greatly improved.The present invention plants in ditch corn, and watermelon is planted in the ridge back of the body, fully meets Watermelon with corn to moisture and the utilization condition of fertilizer, the watermelon growing phase after corn growing season, and in the growth of watermelon Peak period removes some leaf of corn, it is to avoid the daylighting of watermelon is blocked by corn, takes full advantage of the space in greenhouse With resource, the multiple crop index of land utilization ratio and crops can be largely improved, obtain good economic benefit, be worth big Push wide.
The preferred embodiment of invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the cultural method that a kind of corn and watermelon are interplanted, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
(1)Ditching, ridging:Spring is spaced 90~100cm ditching, ridgings, the ditch that formation is parallel to each other in greenhouse along North and South direction 40~50cm of bottom width, ditch 85~100cm of top width, depth are that 55~60cm cross sections are trapezoidal ditch, in bottom of trench organic fertilizer, With the spacing in the rows maize planting of 95~100cm in ditch, corn imposes urea and farm manure after growing 6 ± 1 leaves, after 35~40d, Before the corn florescence, watermelon seedlings are colonized with the spacing of 85~95cm and in the middle of two plants of corns in ridge back;
(2)Temperature, moisture management:Canopy temperature daytime is 25~35 DEG C, night is 15~20 DEG C, relative air humidity 85~ 90%;
(3)Training:Removing corn staminiferous plant and milpa grow the leaf below corn position, the too intensive place of corn leaf Break-off portion maize leaves, allow watermelon seedling to obtain the light application time of abundance;By the every plant of main stem of watermelon pinching repeatedly, growing way compared with Vigorous watermelon seedling life, using how climing pruning method, in addition to main stem is retained, will also stay 1~2 robust growth in main stem base portion, The essentially identical lateral bine of growth potential, remaining lateral bine is wiped out;
(4)Pest management:Strengthen draining and remove weeds in field, while removing the watermelon seedling of morbid state in time, watermelon is carried out Flower and fruit protecting, artificial pollination;
(5)Final-period management:Watermelon is ripe prior to corn, and Watermelon Fruit harvesting will in time remove melon after terminating climing, can emergency burial As green manure, for the growth of the crops of autumn plantation provides good condition;Corn is harvested after corn maturation.
2. the cultural method that a kind of corn according to claim 1 and watermelon are interplanted, it is characterised in that:In watermelon florescence rank Section, the mixed solution constituted with bacillus, humic acid, extracts of Chinese herbal medicine sprays melon seedling 1~2 time, every 10~15d weekly A plant ash is spread to melon seedling field.
3. the cultural method that a kind of corn according to claim 2 and watermelon are interplanted, it is characterised in that:The Chinese herbal medicine is carried Take liquid composed of the following components by weight:25~35 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 20~30 parts of matrine, 25~35 parts of Asiatic plantain, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 30~35 parts, 20~25 parts of black nightshade, 25~30 parts of gelsemium elegan, 15~20 parts of cordate houttuynia, its preparation method is:All raw materials are used 1.0~1.5h of ultrasonic extraction after 5~6h of soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol, natural filtration slagging-off is obtained final product.
4. the cultural method that a kind of corn according to claim 1 and watermelon are interplanted, it is characterised in that:In watermelon result Phase, dissolved in first adding warm water with polyvinyl alcohol pellet, being configured to concentration, to be that 2%, temperature is not higher than 45 DEG C of polyvinyl alcohol molten Liquid, disposable even application is carried out to just thanking to colored Watermelon Fruit, after 20~25d, then with bacillus subtilis and 75,%00 bacterium Clear to be diluted to 450~500 times of pouring roots, the ratio of bacillus subtilis and 75% Bravo is 1:1.
5. the cultural method that a kind of corn according to claim 1 and watermelon are interplanted, it is characterised in that:In step(1), institute State farm manure composed of the following components by weight:260~300 parts of cow dung, 165~195 parts of horsehit, plant ash 105~125 Part, 90~100 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 85~95 parts of composite fertilizer, 65~85 parts of ammonium molybdate, 60~80 parts of sulfuric acid zinc powder.
6. the cultural method that a kind of corn according to claim 1 and watermelon are interplanted, it is characterised in that:In step(3), remove Go corn branches and leaves will after the corn florescence 18~23d.
CN201611036662.XA 2016-11-23 2016-11-23 A kind of corn and the cultural method of watermelon interplanting Pending CN106717781A (en)

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CN108739129A (en) * 2018-05-17 2018-11-06 句容市茂润苗木有限公司 A kind of method of melonry interplant of bean

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108739129A (en) * 2018-05-17 2018-11-06 句容市茂润苗木有限公司 A kind of method of melonry interplant of bean

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