CN106699305A - Culture medium for promoting high yield of selenium-rich oyster mushroom and preparation method of culture medium - Google Patents
Culture medium for promoting high yield of selenium-rich oyster mushroom and preparation method of culture medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN106699305A CN106699305A CN201710048066.1A CN201710048066A CN106699305A CN 106699305 A CN106699305 A CN 106699305A CN 201710048066 A CN201710048066 A CN 201710048066A CN 106699305 A CN106699305 A CN 106699305A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of edible mushrooms, and particularly relates to a culture medium for promoting high yield of a selenium-rich oyster mushroom and a preparation method of the culture medium. The culture medium of the oyster mushroom is mainly improved, the culture medium is prepared from a substrate material, a nutrition additive, traditional Chinese medicine residues and a microelement solution at the weight ratio of (40-50):(7-11):(21-27):(2-5), the oyster mushroom reaches the optimal growth state by changing the composition of the substrate material and the formula, meanwhile, the selenium sulfite and the kieselguhr are also added and matched in use, so that the oyster mushroom is enriched with selenium; meanwhile, various wastes are also reasonably utilized, particularly, the organic matters and microorganisms in the wastes of a cassava alcohol residue, a needle mushroom waste and the traditional Chinese medicine residues are fully utilized, then the wastes are utilized in an energy-saving and environment-protecting way, the rich organic matters are also provided for the oyster mushroom, and the culture medium is an economical and scientific selenium-rich culture medium.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, more particularly to a kind of culture medium for promoting mushroom with abundant selenium high yield and its
Preparation method.
【Background technology】
Selenium is the essential trace elements of the human body, and human body selenium deficiency can cause Keshan disease, cancer, cataract, cardiovascular disease, glycosuria
The selenium-supplies such as disease, AIDS can eliminate internal free radical, reduce whole blood viscosity and Plasma Viscosity；Because selenium contains in natural environment
Amount is little, therefore, research and development selenium-enriched food is into the new direction of current agricultural development.
Flat mushroom delicious flavour, nutritious, cultivation is simple, yield is high, price is high good in economic efficiency, also contains abundant egg
White polysaccharide body has very strong inhibitory action to cancer cell, can strengthen body's immunity, is the food being widely popular, but flat
Mushroom also has very strong selenium rich ability, is natural selenium carrier, and it is a kind of simple effective method that mushroom with abundant selenium is produced with flat mushroom,
At present, the culture medium in mushroom with abundant selenium mainly adds inorganic selenium in the medium, but because cultivated area is different, each department
Temperature has larger difference, and mushroom growth is fast, it will causes the utilization rate of selenium during selenium-enriching cultivation not high, and then does not reach
Preferable concentration effect, mushroom growth also results in flat mushroom that the nutriment enrichment such as protein, amino acid is unhappy soon, causes to put down
The nutritive value of mushroom can not play maximum effect.Therefore, the present invention needs to enter culture medium in the incubation of mushroom with abundant selenium
Row is improved, and can be produced mushroom with abundant selenium and not resulted in selenium excess again；Simultaneously, moreover it is possible to promote the enrichment of nutriment in flat mushroom, carry
The nutritive value of flat mushroom high.
【The content of the invention】
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a kind of culture medium of promotion mushroom with abundant selenium high yield and preparation method thereof, can
Production mushroom with abundant selenium does not result in selenium excess again；Simultaneously, moreover it is possible to promote the enrichment of nutriment in flat mushroom, the nutrition of flat mushroom is improved
Value.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of culture medium of promotion mushroom with abundant selenium high yield, including substrate material, nourishing additive agent, Chinese medicine residue and trace element
Solution, the weight ratio of the substrate material, nourishing additive agent, Chinese medicine residue and trace element solution is：40-50:7-11:21-27：
2-5；
The substrate material is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
12 parts -22 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts -17 parts of cassava alcohol slag, 16 parts -27 parts of rice straw, 13 parts -26 parts of gold
Pin mushroom waste material, 7 parts of -15 parts of density are 1.53 × 103kg/m3Calcium lime powder, 7 parts -18 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of -10 parts of quality
Concentration is sodium selenite solution, 10 parts -17 parts of tapioca and 7 parts -14 parts of the starch from sweet potato of 5%-8%；
The nourishing additive agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
12 parts -17 parts of spirulina, 41 parts -49 parts of orange peel, 3 parts -5 parts of isoleucine, 14 parts -34 parts of pine needle
Leaf extract and 3 parts -5 parts of glutamic acid；
The Chinese medicine residue is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
26 parts -33 parts of Radix Isatidis, 17 parts -26 parts of folium cortex eucommiae, 8 parts -17 parts of Chinese coriaria leaf, 11 parts -34 parts of ramulus mori
Kapok leaf with 7 parts -18 parts；
The trace element solution is obtained by the soluble-salt composition configuration of trace element；The trace element solution contains
The material of following mass percent：The calcium ion of 2%-5%, the magnesium ion of 1%-3%, the 6 valency sulphions of 3%-5%, 4%-
7% 5 valency phosphonium ions, the potassium ion of 2%-5%, the sodium ion of 3%-6%, the zinc ion of 1%-3%.
Further, the cassava alcohol slag be cassava through crushing, fermentation, distillation production alcohol obtain Distillers' grains after,
Distillers' grains are the cassava alcohol slag of 50%-60% by the content of organic matter after bio anaerobic and Aerobic Process for Treatment.
Further, the asparagus waste material is 3 batches -5 batches of Growth of Flammulina Velutipes waste mushroom packet afterwards by smashing, at sterilizing
Reason is obtained；It is described smash treatment method of smashing be：The bacterium bag of waste mushroom packet is removed, pulverizer was then placed in and is crushed, passed through
The screen cloth for crossing the mesh of 200 mesh -300 is obtained by screening；The sterilization treatment uses high pressure steam sterilization, and sterilization pressure is 0.2MPa-
0.3MPa, sterilising temp is 140 DEG C -180 DEG C, and sterilization time is：30min-50min.
Further, the orange peel is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：50 parts -70 parts of orange peel, 11 part -15
The silk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. and 10 parts -12 parts of oranges and tangerines seed of part；The preparation method of orange peel is：Weigh orange peel, the silk of the weight portion
The stalks of rice, wheat, etc. and oranges and tangerines seed uniformly mix, and are then placed in being crushed in pulverizer, are obtained by screening by the mesh sieve of 100 mesh -150.
Further, the extracting method of the pine needle leaf extract is：Be put into after pine needle is pulverized equal quality than body
Product percentage is 70% (v/v) -80% (v/v) alcohol solution dipping, is filtered after immersion 40min-50min, takes filtrate and enters
Row concentration, it is 1/2 times of stoste to be concentrated to the volume of concentrate, stops being concentrated to give extract from pine needles.
Further, the processing method of the Chinese medicine residue is：Weighed by the parts by weight dry Radix Isatidis, dry
Folium cortex eucommiae, fresh Chinese coriaria leaf, the ramulus mori for drying and the kapok leaf that dries mixed, be subsequently adding mixing traditional Chinese medicine quality
After 1-2 times of water is heated to boiling, infusion 2-4 times is carried out with small fire, each infusion is all filtered to remove liquid, finally takes filter residue and obtains
To Chinese medicine residue；The time that the small fire carries out infusion is 1-2h.
Further, the culture medium preparation method of described promotion mushroom with abundant selenium high yield comprises the following steps：
(1) substrate material pretreatment：Weigh cotton seed hulls in substrate material by weight, crushed after rice straw mixing, after crushing by
The screen cloth of the mesh of 100 mesh -150 is screened, cassava alcohol slag then with the weight portion, asparagus waste material, calcium lime powder, wood
Fermented after sweet potato starch and starch from sweet potato are well mixed, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, and fermentation time is 20d-30d；Fermentation
After the completion of add diatomite and sodium selenite solution to obtain precondition substrate material by the weight portion；
(2) batch mixing sterilizing：By Chinese medicine residue beat after powder with the precondition substrate material of step (1), nourishing additive agent and micro
Vaporium is sent into after element is well mixed carries out the prepared culture medium of high pressure steam sterilization, the sterilization pressure of the high pressure steam sterilization
It is 0.2MPa-0.3MPa, sterilising temp is 140 DEG C -180 DEG C, and sterilization time is 4h-6h.
The present invention has the advantages that：
(1) substrate material of the invention is mainly made up of the raw material of following weight portion：12 parts -22 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 part -17
Part cassava alcohol slag, 16 parts -27 parts of rice straw, 13 parts -26 parts of asparagus waste material, 7 parts of -15 parts of density be 1.53 ×
103kg/m3Calcium lime powder, 7 parts -18 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of -10 parts of mass concentrations be sodium selenite solution, 10 of 5%-8%
The tapioca and 7 parts -14 parts of starch from sweet potato of -17 parts of part；It is rotten as flat mushroom that cotton seed hulls contains native Down Fiber in substrate material
The good composition of raw substrate material, but the protein content of cotton seed hulls is not high, accordingly, it would be desirable to add the auxiliary materials such as rice straw, tapioca
To improve the protein content of substrate material, because in substrate material fermentation process, growth of microorganism needs inverted sugar, invention human hair
It is existing, sugar is contained in starch from sweet potato, substantial amounts of microorganism, and asparagus waste material are contained in asparagus waste material and cassava alcohol slag
In also contain substantial amounts of protein, so the fermentation in order to accelerate substrate material, strengthen twice laid, inventor is by adding acupuncture needle
Mushroom waste material and cassava alcohol slag accelerate the fermentation of substrate material, and the present invention makes flat mushroom rich by adding the inorganic selenium solution of sodium selenite
Collection selenium element reaches selenium-rich, but because mushroom growth is rapid, only addition sodium selenite solution will not make inorganic selenium fast enriching,
Inventor has found that the diatomite of 3-5 parts of addition can accelerate enrichment of the flat mushroom to selenium element, diatom in the medium by research
Contain a large amount of micropores in soil, there is adsorption sustained-release to act on, enrichment of the flat mushroom to selenium in base-material can be accelerated, inorganic selenium is converted into organic
Selenium；
(2) nourishing additive agent of the invention is mainly made up of the raw material of following weight portion：12 parts -17 parts of spirulina, 41
Orange peel, 3 parts -5 parts of isoleucine, 14 parts -34 parts of the pine needle leaf extract and 3 parts -5 parts of glutamic acid of -49 parts of part；Battalion
Contain rich in protein and vitamin in the spirulina of foster additive, the content of flat mushroom free amino acid can be improved, nutrition adds
Plus can improve the Vitamin C content of flat mushroom containing abundant vitamin C in the orange peel of agent；Isoleucine and glutamic acid are flat
Mushroom grows essential vitamin, in the case where substrate material is by inorganic selenium, can promote the formation of albumen selenium；Pine needle is extracted
Containing Flavonoid substances, the multivitamin for enriching, amino acid and mineral matter in thing, the immunity and nutriture value of flat mushroom can be improved
Value；
(3) Chinese medicine residue of the invention is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：26 parts -33 parts of Radix Isatidis, 17 parts -26 parts
Folium cortex eucommiae, 8 parts -17 parts of Chinese coriaria leaf, 11 parts -34 parts of ramulus mori and 7 parts -18 parts of kapok leaf；Radix Isatidis derives from horse
Blue (Classification system:Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Brem.) rhizome and root；Folium cortex eucommiae is the Eucommiaceae plant bark of eucommia
(Classification system：Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.) leaf；Chinese coriaria leaf derives from Coriaria sinica (Classification system:HCoriarifa
Nepalensis Wall.C.sinica Maxim) leaf；Ramulus mori (Classification system：Morus alba L) from the branch of mulberry tree
Leaf；Kapok leaf derives from silk cotton tree (Classification system：Gossampinus malabarica (DC.) Merr) leaf, the present invention
Chinese medicine dispelled by being fabricated to Chinese medicine residue, drug effect after infusion, but wherein also contain substantial amounts of organic matter, can promote
The growth of flat mushroom, at the same can also economize on resources, science environmental protection.
【Specific embodiment】
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine by any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary), unless specifically stated otherwise, each
Feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1：
1st, the formula composition of embodiment：
The oyster mushroom culture medium formula of the present embodiment includes：Substrate material, nourishing additive agent, Chinese medicine residue and trace element are molten
Liquid, wherein, the weight ratio of substrate material, nourishing additive agent, Chinese medicine residue and trace element solution is：40:7::21：2；
Wherein, (1) substrate material is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：12 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of cassava alcohol slag, 16
The rice straw of part, 13 parts of asparagus waste material, 7 parts of density are 1.53 × 103kg/m3Calcium lime powder, 7 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of matter
Amount concentration is 5% sodium selenite solution, 10 parts of tapioca and 7 parts of starch from sweet potato.
Wherein, the cassava alcohol slag of the present embodiment is that cassava obtains Distillers' grains by production alcohol of crushing, ferment, distill
Afterwards, Distillers' grains are by cassava alcohol slag that the content of organic matter after bio anaerobic and Aerobic Process for Treatment is 50%.
Wherein, the asparagus waste material of the present embodiment be 3 batches of Growth of Flammulina Velutipes waste mushroom packet afterwards by smashing, sterilization treatment
It is obtained；It is above-mentioned smash treatment method of smashing be：The bacterium bag of waste mushroom packet is removed, pulverizer was then placed in and is crushed, passed through
The screen cloth of 200 mesh is obtained by screening；Wherein, sterilization treatment uses high pressure steam sterilization, and sterilization pressure is 0.2MPa, and sterilising temp is
140 DEG C, sterilization time is：30min.
(2) nourishing additive agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：12 parts of spirulina, 41 parts of orange peel, 3 parts different
Leucine, 14 parts of pine needle leaf extract and 3 parts of glutamic acid；
Wherein, the orange peel of the present embodiment is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：50 parts of orange peel, 11 parts of the silk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.
Oranges and tangerines seed with 10 parts；The preparation method of orange peel is：Orange peel, the silk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. and the oranges and tangerines seed for weighing above-mentioned weight portion are equal
Even mixing, is then placed in being crushed in pulverizer, is obtained by screening by 100 mesh sieves.
The extracting method of the present embodiment pine needle leaf extract is：Be put into after pine needle is pulverized equal quality than volume basis
Number is 70% (v/v) alcohol solution dipping, is filtered after immersion 40min, takes filtrate and is concentrated, and is concentrated to the body of concentrate
Product is 1/2 times of stoste, stops being concentrated to give extract from pine needles.
(3) Chinese medicine residue is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：26 parts of Radix Isatidis, 17 parts of folium cortex eucommiae, 8 parts of Coriaria sinica
Leaf, 11 parts of ramulus mori and 7 parts of kapok leaf；
Wherein, the processing method of the Chinese medicine residue of the present embodiment is：Radix Isatidis, the solarization dried are weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight
Dry folium cortex eucommiae, fresh Chinese coriaria leaf, the ramulus mori for drying and the kapok leaf for drying are mixed, and are subsequently adding mixing Chinese medicine matter
After the water of 1 times of amount is heated to boiling, infusion 2 times is carried out with small fire, each infusion is all filtered to remove liquid, finally takes filter residue and obtains
Chinese medicine residue；The time that above-mentioned small fire carries out infusion is 1h.
(4) trace element solution is obtained by the soluble-salt composition configuration of trace element；Wherein, trace element solution contains
The material of following mass percent：2% calcium ion, 1% magnesium ion, 3% 6 valency sulphions, 4% 5 valency phosphonium ions,
2% potassium ion, 3% sodium ion, 1% zinc ion.
2nd, the processing method of the present embodiment oyster mushroom culture medium is：
(1) substrate material pretreatment：Weigh cotton seed hulls in substrate material by weight, crushed after rice straw mixing, after crushing by
The screen cloth of 100 mesh is screened, cassava alcohol slag then with above-mentioned weight portion, asparagus waste material, calcium lime powder, tapioca
Fermented after well mixed with starch from sweet potato, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C, and fermentation time is 20d；By above-mentioned heavy after the completion of fermentation
Amount part adds diatomite and sodium selenite solution to obtain precondition substrate material；
(2) batch mixing sterilizing：By Chinese medicine residue beat after powder with the precondition substrate material of step (1), nourishing additive agent and micro
Vaporium is sent into after element is well mixed carries out the prepared culture medium of high pressure steam sterilization, wherein, the sterilizing pressure of high pressure steam sterilization
Power is 0.2MPa, and sterilising temp is 140 DEG C, and sterilization time is 4h.
Embodiment 2：
1st, the formula composition of embodiment：
The oyster mushroom culture medium formula of the present embodiment includes：Substrate material, nourishing additive agent, Chinese medicine residue and trace element are molten
Liquid, wherein, the weight ratio of substrate material, nourishing additive agent, Chinese medicine residue and trace element solution is：50:11:27：5；
Wherein, (1) substrate material is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：22 parts of cotton seed hulls, 17 parts of cassava alcohol slag, 27
The rice straw of part, 26 parts of asparagus waste material, 15 parts of density are 1.53 × 103kg/m3Calcium lime powder, 18 parts of diatomite, 10 parts
Mass concentration is 8% sodium selenite solution, 17 parts of tapioca and 14 parts of starch from sweet potato.
Wherein, the cassava alcohol slag of the present embodiment is that cassava obtains Distillers' grains by production alcohol of crushing, ferment, distill
Afterwards, Distillers' grains are by cassava alcohol slag that the content of organic matter after bio anaerobic and Aerobic Process for Treatment is 60%.
Wherein, the asparagus waste material of the present embodiment be 5 batches of Growth of Flammulina Velutipes waste mushroom packet afterwards by smashing, sterilization treatment
It is obtained；It is above-mentioned smash treatment method of smashing be：The bacterium bag of waste mushroom packet is removed, pulverizer was then placed in and is crushed, passed through
The screen cloth of 300 mesh is obtained by screening；Wherein, sterilization treatment uses high pressure steam sterilization, and sterilization pressure is 0.3MPa, and sterilising temp is
180 DEG C, sterilization time is：50min.
(4) nourishing additive agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：17 parts of spirulina, 49 parts of orange peel, 5 parts different
Leucine, 34 parts of pine needle leaf extract and 5 parts of glutamic acid；
Wherein, the orange peel of the present embodiment is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：70 parts of orange peel, 15 parts of the silk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.
Oranges and tangerines seed with 12 parts；The preparation method of orange peel is：Orange peel, the silk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. and the oranges and tangerines seed for weighing above-mentioned weight portion are equal
Even mixing, is then placed in being crushed in pulverizer, is obtained by screening by 150 mesh sieves.
The extracting method of the present embodiment pine needle leaf extract is：Equal quality specific volume percentage is put into after pine needle is pulverized
It is the alcohol solution dipping of 80% (v/v), is filtered after immersion 50min, take filtrate and concentrated, is concentrated to the body of concentrate
Product is 1/2 times of stoste, stops being concentrated to give extract from pine needles.
(5) Chinese medicine residue is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：33 parts of Radix Isatidis, 26 parts of folium cortex eucommiae, 17 parts of horse
Mulberry leaf, 34 parts of ramulus mori and 18 parts of kapok leaf；
Wherein, the processing method of the Chinese medicine residue of the present embodiment is：Radix Isatidis, the solarization dried are weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight
Dry folium cortex eucommiae, fresh Chinese coriaria leaf, the ramulus mori for drying and the kapok leaf for drying are mixed, and are subsequently adding mixing Chinese medicine matter
After the water of 2 times of amount is heated to boiling, infusion 4 times is carried out with small fire, each infusion is all filtered to remove liquid, finally takes filter residue and obtains
Chinese medicine residue；The time that above-mentioned small fire carries out infusion is 2h.
(4) trace element solution is obtained by the soluble-salt composition configuration of trace element；Wherein, trace element solution contains
The material of following mass percent：5% calcium ion, 3% magnesium ion, 5% 6 valency sulphions, 7% 5 valency phosphonium ions,
5% potassium ion, 6% sodium ion, 3% zinc ion.
2nd, the processing method of the present embodiment oyster mushroom culture medium is：
(1) substrate material pretreatment：Weigh cotton seed hulls in substrate material by weight, crushed after rice straw mixing, after crushing by
The screen cloth of 150 mesh is screened, cassava alcohol slag then with above-mentioned weight portion, asparagus waste material, calcium lime powder, tapioca
Fermented after well mixed with starch from sweet potato, fermentation temperature is 28 DEG C, and fermentation time is 30d；By above-mentioned heavy after the completion of fermentation
Amount part adds diatomite and sodium selenite solution to obtain precondition substrate material；
(2) batch mixing sterilizing：By Chinese medicine residue beat after powder with the precondition substrate material of step (1), nourishing additive agent and micro
Vaporium is sent into after element is well mixed carries out the prepared culture medium of high pressure steam sterilization, wherein, the sterilizing pressure of high pressure steam sterilization
Power is 0.3MPa, and sterilising temp is 180 DEG C, and sterilization time is 6h.
Embodiment 3：
1st, the formula composition of embodiment：
The oyster mushroom culture medium formula of the present embodiment includes：Substrate material, nourishing additive agent, Chinese medicine residue and trace element are molten
Liquid, wherein, the weight ratio of substrate material, nourishing additive agent, Chinese medicine residue and trace element solution is：45:9:24：3；
Wherein, (1) substrate material is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：18 parts of cotton seed hulls, 14 parts of cassava alcohol slag, 20
The rice straw of part, 20 parts of asparagus waste material, 10 parts of density are 1.53 × 103kg/m3Calcium lime powder, 10 parts of diatomite, 7 parts
Mass concentration is 7% sodium selenite solution, 14 parts of tapioca and 10 parts of starch from sweet potato.
Wherein, the cassava alcohol slag of the present embodiment is that cassava obtains Distillers' grains by production alcohol of crushing, ferment, distill
Afterwards, Distillers' grains are by cassava alcohol slag that the content of organic matter after bio anaerobic and Aerobic Process for Treatment is 55%.
Wherein, the asparagus waste material of the present embodiment be 4 batches of Growth of Flammulina Velutipes waste mushroom packet afterwards by smashing, sterilization treatment
It is obtained；It is above-mentioned smash treatment method of smashing be：The bacterium bag of waste mushroom packet is removed, pulverizer was then placed in and is crushed, passed through
The screen cloth of 250 mesh is obtained by screening；Wherein, sterilization treatment uses high pressure steam sterilization, and sterilization pressure is 0.3MPa, and sterilising temp is
160 DEG C, sterilization time is：40min.
(6) nourishing additive agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：15 parts of spirulina, 46 parts of orange peel, 4 parts different
Leucine, 24 parts of pine needle leaf extract and 4 parts of glutamic acid；
Wherein, the orange peel of the present embodiment is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：60 parts of orange peel, 14 parts of the silk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.
Oranges and tangerines seed with 11 parts；The preparation method of orange peel is：Orange peel, the silk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. and the oranges and tangerines seed for weighing above-mentioned weight portion are equal
Even mixing, is then placed in being crushed in pulverizer, is obtained by screening by 120 mesh sieves.
The extracting method of the present embodiment pine needle leaf extract is：Equal quality specific volume percentage is put into after pine needle is pulverized
It is the alcohol solution dipping of 75% (v/v), is filtered after immersion 45min, take filtrate and concentrated, is concentrated to the body of concentrate
Product is 1/2 times of stoste, stops being concentrated to give extract from pine needles.
(7) Chinese medicine residue is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：30 parts of Radix Isatidis, 22 parts of folium cortex eucommiae, 13 parts of horse
Mulberry leaf, 20 parts of ramulus mori and 14 parts of kapok leaf；
Wherein, the processing method of the Chinese medicine residue of the present embodiment is：Radix Isatidis, the solarization dried are weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight
Dry folium cortex eucommiae, fresh Chinese coriaria leaf, the ramulus mori for drying and the kapok leaf for drying are mixed, and are subsequently adding mixing Chinese medicine matter
After the water of 2 times of amount is heated to boiling, infusion 3 times is carried out with small fire, each infusion is all filtered to remove liquid, finally takes filter residue and obtains
Chinese medicine residue；The time that above-mentioned small fire carries out infusion is 1.5h.
(4) trace element solution is obtained by the soluble-salt composition configuration of trace element；Wherein, trace element solution contains
The material of following mass percent：4% calcium ion, 2% magnesium ion, 4% 6 valency sulphions, 5% 5 valency phosphonium ions,
3% potassium ion, 4% sodium ion, 2% zinc ion.
2nd, the processing method of the present embodiment oyster mushroom culture medium is：
(1) substrate material pretreatment：Weigh cotton seed hulls in substrate material by weight, crushed after rice straw mixing, after crushing by
The screen cloth of 130 mesh is screened, cassava alcohol slag then with above-mentioned weight portion, asparagus waste material, calcium lime powder, tapioca
Fermented after well mixed with starch from sweet potato, fermentation temperature is 26 DEG C, and fermentation time is 25d；By above-mentioned heavy after the completion of fermentation
Amount part adds diatomite and sodium selenite solution to obtain precondition substrate material；
(2) batch mixing sterilizing：By Chinese medicine residue beat after powder with the precondition substrate material of step (1), nourishing additive agent and micro
Vaporium is sent into after element is well mixed carries out the prepared culture medium of high pressure steam sterilization, wherein, the sterilizing pressure of high pressure steam sterilization
Power is 0.3MPa, and sterilising temp is 170 DEG C, and sterilization time is 5h.
Control group 1：
The substrate material of this control group is without diatomite, and other formulas are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 2：
Without sulfurous acid selenium in the substrate material of this control group, other formulas are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 3：
Without tapioca and starch from sweet potato in the substrate material of this control group, other formulas are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 4：
Without cassava alcohol slag and asparagus waste material in the substrate material of this control group, other formulas are complete with embodiment 1
It is identical.
Control group 5：
The nourishing additive agent of this control group is without orange peel, and other formulas are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 6：
The culture medium of this control group is without nourishing additive agent, and other formulas are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 7：
The culture medium of this control group is without Chinese medicine residue, and other formulas are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 8：
The culture medium of this control group is without trace element solution, and other formulas are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 9：
The culture medium of this control group is only cotton seed hulls, bagasse, Mai Pi and quick lime.
Checking test：
With the culture medium inoculated flat mushroom of embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-9, under equal conditions cultivated, determine and count
Calculate the Growth rate of embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-9；Determine and calculate the average Dan Duochong of flat mushroom after 50d；At random
Se content, protein content, Vc contents and free aminoacid content concrete condition after sampling measure 50d in flat mushroom are shown in Table 1：
The flat mushroom quality versus' table of table 1
As seen from the above table, the Growth rate of embodiment 1-3 is essentially identical with control group 1-2 and control group 4-5,
Apparently higher than control group 3, control group 7, control group 8-9, tapioca of the invention, starch from sweet potato, Chinese medicine residue and micro- are illustrated
Secondary element can influence the growth speed of mycelia；The average Dan Duochong and control group 1-2 and the basic phases of control group 5-6 of embodiment 1-3
Together, hence it is evident that higher than control group 3, control group 7, control group 8-9, illustrate tapioca of the invention, starch from sweet potato, Chinese medicine residue and
Trace element can influence the weight of flat mushroom, using culture medium of the invention than conventional formulation more high yield；The albumen of embodiment 1-3
Content is essentially identical with control group 1-2, control group 4-6, control group 8, hence it is evident that higher than control group 3, control group 7 and control group 9, say
Bright tapioca, starch from sweet potato and Chinese medicine residue can influence the protein content of flat mushroom；The Vc contents of embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-
4th, control group 7-8 is essentially identical, hence it is evident that higher than control group 5-6 and control group 9, illustrate the use of orange peel in nutrient solution of the present invention
The content of Vc in flat mushroom can be increased；The free aminoacid content of embodiment 1-3 is essentially identical with control group 1-3, slightly above right
According to a group 6-8, hence it is evident that apparently higher than control group 4 and control group 9, illustrate that cassava alcohol slag of the invention and asparagus waste material can be obvious
Improve the content of free amino acid in flat mushroom；The Se content of control group 1-3 is essentially identical with control group 3-8, hence it is evident that higher than control
Group 1-2 and control group 9, it was demonstrated that sulfurous acid selenium can improve the Se content in flat mushroom, and it is rich in flat mushroom body that diatomite can accelerate selenium
Collection.
In sum, can be reached using mushroom with abundant selenium culture medium of the invention makes flat mushroom selenium-rich, fast-growth while can also
Make the purpose that flat mushroom is nutritious；The present invention also rationally utilizes Various Wastes, particularly cassava alcohol slag, asparagus to give up simultaneously
Material, Chinese medicine residue make full use of organic matter and microorganism in waste material, can energy-conserving and environment-protective waste material is utilized, moreover it is possible to give
Flat mushroom provides abundant organic matter, is the selenium-rich culturing base of a kind of economy, science.
Embodiment described above only expresses several embodiments of the invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore limitation of the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection model of the invention
Enclose.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of culture medium for promoting mushroom with abundant selenium high yield, including substrate material, nourishing additive agent, Chinese medicine residue and trace element be molten
Liquid, it is characterised in that the weight ratio of the substrate material, nourishing additive agent, Chinese medicine residue and trace element solution is：40-50:7-
11:21-27：2-5；
The substrate material is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
12 parts -22 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts -17 parts of cassava alcohol slag, 16 parts -27 parts of rice straw, 13 parts -26 parts of asparagus
Waste material, 7 parts of -15 parts of density are 1.53 × 103kg/m3Calcium lime powder, 7 parts -18 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of -10 parts of mass concentrations
It is the sodium selenite solution of 5%-8%, 10 parts -17 parts of tapioca and 7 parts -14 parts of starch from sweet potato；
The nourishing additive agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
12 parts -17 parts of spirulina, 41 parts -49 parts of orange peel, 3 parts -5 parts of isoleucine, 14 parts -34 parts of pine needle are carried
Take thing and 3 parts -5 parts of glutamic acid；
The Chinese medicine residue is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
26 parts -33 parts of Radix Isatidis, 17 parts -26 parts of folium cortex eucommiae, 8 parts -17 parts of Chinese coriaria leaf, 11 parts -34 parts of ramulus mori and 7
The kapok leaf of -18 parts of part；
The trace element solution is obtained by the soluble-salt composition configuration of trace element；The trace element solution contains as follows
The material of mass percent：The calcium ion of 2%-5%, the magnesium ion of 1%-3%, the 6 valency sulphions of 3%-5%, 4%-7%
5 valency phosphonium ions, the potassium ion of 2%-5%, the sodium ion of 3%-6%, the zinc ion of 1%-3%.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of promote mushroom with abundant selenium high yield culture medium, it is characterised in that the cassava alcohol
Slag be cassava through crushing, fermentation, distillation production alcohol obtain Distillers' grains after, Distillers' grains are by after bio anaerobic and Aerobic Process for Treatment
The content of organic matter is the cassava alcohol slag of 50%-60%.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of promote mushroom with abundant selenium high yield culture medium, it is characterised in that the asparagus give up
Expect for 3 batches -5 batches of Growth of Flammulina Velutipes waste mushroom packet afterwards by smashing, sterilization treatment is obtained；It is described smash treatment smash method
For：The bacterium bag of waste mushroom packet is removed, pulverizer was then placed in and is crushed, obtained by screening by the screen cloth of the mesh of 200 mesh -300；Institute
State sterilization treatment and use high pressure steam sterilization, sterilization pressure is 0.2MPa-0.3MPa, and sterilising temp is 140 DEG C -180 DEG C, sterilizing
Time is：30min-50min.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of promote mushroom with abundant selenium high yield culture medium, it is characterised in that the orange peel by
The raw material of following weight portion is made：50 parts -70 parts of orange peel, 11 parts -15 parts of the silk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. and 10 parts -12 parts of oranges and tangerines kind
Son；The preparation method of orange peel is：Orange peel, the silk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. and the oranges and tangerines seed for weighing the weight portion uniformly mix, Ran Houfang
To enter crushed in pulverizer, obtained by screening by the mesh sieve of 100 mesh -150.
5. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of promote mushroom with abundant selenium high yield culture medium, it is characterised in that the pine needle is carried
The extracting method for taking thing is：Be put into after pine needle is pulverized equal quality than percentage by volume be 70% (v/v) -80% (v/v)
Alcohol solution dipping, is filtered after immersion 40min-50min, is taken filtrate and is concentrated, and it is original to be concentrated to the volume of concentrate
1/2 times of liquid, stopping is concentrated to give extract from pine needles.
6. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of promote mushroom with abundant selenium high yield culture medium, it is characterised in that the Chinese medicine residue
Processing method be：The Radix Isatidis for drying, the folium cortex eucommiae for drying are weighed by the parts by weight, fresh Chinese coriaria leaf, dry
Ramulus mori and the kapok leaf for drying are mixed, and are subsequently adding after the water of 1-2 times of traditional Chinese medicine quality of mixing is heated to seething with excitement, and use small fire
Infusion 2-4 times is carried out, each infusion is all filtered to remove liquid, finally take filter residue and obtain Chinese medicine residue；The small fire carries out infusion
Time be 1-2h.
7. the culture medium preparation method of the promotion mushroom with abundant selenium high yield according to claim 1-6 any one, its feature exists
In methods described comprises the following steps：
(1) substrate material pretreatment：The cotton seed hulls in substrate material is weighed by weight, crushed after rice straw mixing, by 100 after crushing
The screen cloth of the mesh of mesh -150 is screened, cassava alcohol slag then with the weight portion, asparagus waste material, calcium lime powder, cassava
Fermented after starch and starch from sweet potato are well mixed, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, and fermentation time is 20d-30d；Ferment
Diatomite and sodium selenite solution is added to obtain precondition substrate material by the weight portion into rear；
(2) batch mixing sterilizing：By Chinese medicine residue beat after powder with the precondition substrate material of step (1), nourishing additive agent and trace element
Vaporium is sent into after well mixed carries out the prepared culture medium of high pressure steam sterilization, and the sterilization pressure of the high pressure steam sterilization is
0.2MPa-0.3MPa, sterilising temp is 140 DEG C -180 DEG C, and sterilization time is 4h-6h.
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| CN107021833A (en) * | 2017-05-20 | 2017-08-08 | 天津市宝坻区和泰丰食用菌有限公司 | A kind of selenium-rich gold needle mushroom culture medium |
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