CN109076882A - A kind of mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom and its application - Google Patents
A kind of mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom and its application Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical fields of edible mushroom culture and application, and in particular to a kind of mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom and its application.The mycelial cultural method of the selenium-enriched edible mushroom, comprising the following steps: (1) culture of edible fungi liquid strain；(2) culture of organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution；(3) preparation of selenium-rich raw material；(4) culture of selenium-rich solid medium.Cultural method of the invention uses liquid fermentation and culture combination solid medium culture, substantially reduce the incubation time of edible mushroom mycelium, its production cycle only has the 1/2-1/3 of solid medium, production cost is low, and it is easy to carry out industrialized production, and the own metabolism for passing through edible fungus species, convert inorganic selenium to the culture for carrying out selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelia after the more absorbent organic selenium of human body again, the mycelial Se content of obtained selenium-enriched edible mushroom is high, it is easier to be absorbed by the body, there is better nutritive value and health value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of edible mushroom culture and application, and in particular to a kind of mycelial training of selenium-enriched edible mushroom
Support method and its application.
Background technique
Selenium is required microelement in human life activity, there is the laudatory title of " kindling material of life ", though content in human body
It is micro-, but it cuts much ice to the regulation of human physiological functions and maintenance human body best nutritional state.Selenium have remove free radical,
Anti-aging improves the functions such as immunity.Human body mainly obtains the absorption of selenium from food, and the Se content in food determines
The effect of selenium-supply, in nature, some biologies have selenium-rich function, and the Se content of food can be improved.
It is more real than son that edible and medical fungi mycelium contains the identical nutriment of fructification and medicinal ingredient, especially polyoses content
Body is richer.So the rarity that edible and medical fungi hypha powder, especially selenium-rich organic edible and medical fungi hypha powder are big health industry, is
Health care product, the important source material of functional food are worth Devoting Major Efforts To Developing.Edible mushroom is exactly one of selenium-rich mushroom (referring to " Agriculture In Hubei Province section
Learn " paper " influence of the hypha of edible fungus such as sodium selenite growth " of the He Donglan that delivers of the 4th phase in 2005, the 3rd phase in 1999
The paper " comparison of four kinds of edible mushroom selenium rich abilities " for the Shang Dejing that " edible mushroom journal " is delivered).
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome shortcoming and defect existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of selenium-enriched edible mushrooms
Mycelial cultural method, using liquid fermentation and culture and solid medium culture, cultivation cycle is short, at low cost, and Se content is high.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of mycelial applications of selenium-enriched edible mushroom, and production is simple, at low cost,
Obtained selenium-enriched edible mushroom hypha powder is full of nutrition.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a kind of mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom, including
Following steps:
(1) culture of edible fungi liquid strain: by edible mushroom parent species successively pass through PDA culture medium culture, shaking flask culture and
Fermentor air-charging incubation obtains edible fungi liquid strain；
(2) culture of organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution: inorganic seleno culture medium is prepared, and will be obtained in the step (1)
Divide edible fungi liquid strain to be seeded in inorganic seleno culture medium to be cultivated, obtains organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution；
(3) preparation of selenium-rich raw material: the mixture of soybean, corn and wheat is had using obtained in the step (2)
Machine selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution impregnates certain time, then dries, obtains selenium-rich raw material；
(4) culture of selenium-rich solid medium: by soybean, corn and the wheat in the selenium-rich raw material prepared in step (3)
It is prepared into selenium-rich solid medium after being mixed in a certain ratio sterilizing, cooling, the residue being then inoculated in the step (1) is edible
Bacteria liquid strain is simultaneously cultivated, and selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium is obtained.
Edible mushroom parent species are first successively passed through PDA culture medium culture, shaking flask culture and fermentor by cultural method of the invention
Air-charging incubation obtains edible fungi liquid strain, then cultivates obtained part edible fungi liquid strain in inorganic seleno culture medium
To mycelium is grown, during growth, by absorbing and being metabolized, the inorganic selenium in culture medium is turned for edible fungi liquid strain
Become organic selenium, finally obtain organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution, include in organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution at this time, is rich in organic selenium
Solids and the culture solution such as edible mushroom mycelium, can also contain a certain amount of selenium element in culture solution, including most organic
Selenium element and a small amount of inorganic selenium element, organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution soaking soybean, wheat and the corn reused make big
Beans, wheat and corn fully absorb the organic selenium in organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution, and by soybean, wheat and the jade after immersion
Meter Zuo Wei raw material prepares selenium-rich solid medium, is rich in organic selenium abundant in selenium-rich solid medium at this time, finally makes
Selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium is arrived to mycelium is grown with this selenium-rich solid medium culture edible fungi liquid strain.
Cultural method of the invention uses liquid fermentation and culture combination solid medium culture, substantially reduces edible fungi
The incubation time of filament, production cycle only have the 1/2-1/3 of solid medium, and production cost is low, and are easy to be industrialized
Production, and by the own metabolism of edible fungus species, it converts inorganic selenium to after the more absorbent organic selenium of human body and carries out again
The culture of selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelia, the mycelial Se content of obtained selenium-enriched edible mushroom is high, is easier to be absorbed by the body, and has more preferable
Nutritive value and health value.Se content reaches in the dry mycelium of edible mushroom of cultural method culture every 100g of the invention
45-80 microgram, wherein the content for the organic selenium being easily absorbed by the human body is greater than 85%.
Cultural method of the invention is absorbed by impregnating by edible mushroom by using soybean, wheat and corn as main body
The organic selenium that mycelium itself converts inorganic selenium, and selenium-rich solid medium is prepared into using the organic selenium of conversion to cultivate food
With bacteria liquid strain, edible mushroom is set directly to absorb the organic selenium of itself conversion as selenium source, absorptivity is higher, the edible mushroom of culture
Mycelial Se content is high, and organic selenium content therein is even more to greatly promote.
Preferably, in the step (1), the temperature of PDA culture medium culture is 20-25 DEG C, incubation time 7-9d；It is described
The preparation method of PDA culture medium includes the following steps: that the boiling for taking potato 100-300g that 1000ml is added is ripe, then filters,
Obtain filtrate, by filtrate sequentially add 10-30g glucose, 10-30g agar, 0.2-1g magnesium sulfate, 0.5-2g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate,
3-10g bean cake powder, 3-10g peptone and 1-5g yeast powder, are heated to dissolving, and moisturizing is to 1000ml, the culture solution that will be obtained
Sterilize 20-40min at a temperature of 115-130 DEG C, and PDA culture medium is obtained after being subsequently cooled to 20-30 DEG C.
The present invention configures PDA culture medium by using above-mentioned raw materials and method, and cooperates the above condition of culture, can be greatly
The culture efficiency and culture effect of the edible fungus species of raising.Specifically, the specific operation process of the preparation method of PDA culture medium
For, potato, glucose, agar, magnesium sulfate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, bean cake powder, peptone and yeast powder are weighed by above-mentioned quality,
First potato is diced, the boiling for being added 1L is ripe and keeps not rotten, then use filtered through gauze, the filtrate after worry with weigh up
Other raw materials boil together, until whole drugs dissolve, be uniformly mixed subject to, be finally dispensed into culture dish, and done using gauze
Then the culture dish for sealing mouth is placed in high-pressure steam sterilizing pan at 115-130 DEG C by good sealing treatment, sterilize 20-40min,
After sterilizing, used after cooling to get PDA culture medium is arrived.
Preferably, in the step (1), the temperature of shaking flask culture is 20-25 DEG C, incubation time 5-7d, every 1000ml
The raw material of Shake flask medium include: 1-6g beans foil powder, 20-60g white sugar, 0.5-1.5g yeast extract, 0.5-1.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
0.5-1.5g magnesium sulfate.
The present invention configures Shake flask medium culture edible fungi liquid strain by using above-mentioned raw materials and method, and cooperate with
Upper condition of culture, the breeding that can make edible fungus species more evenly, avoid edible fungus species from concentrating breeding Mr. Yu space, improve food
With the reproductive efficiency and reproductive effect of bacterium strain.Specifically, the preparation method of Shake flask medium of the invention the following steps are included:
1-6g beans foil powder, 20-60g white sugar, 0.5-1.5g yeast extract, 0.5-1.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-1.5g magnesium sulfate are weighed, and
Above-mentioned raw materials are successively dissolved in 1000ml water and are dissolved by heating, moisturizing adjusts pH value 6.9-7.5, so to 1000ml after dissolving completely
Sterilize at 115-135 DEG C 20-45min afterwards, is cooled to 20-30 DEG C to get Shake flask medium is arrived.It is another preferred, the step
Suddenly in (1), 3g beans foil powder, 30g white sugar, 0.83g yeast extract, 0.83g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.83g magnesium sulfate are weighed, and will be above-mentioned
Raw material, which is successively dissolved in 1000ml water, to be dissolved by heating, and moisturizing adjusts pH value 6.9-7.5, then exist to 1000ml after dissolving completely
Sterilize 35min at 124 DEG C, is cooled to 23 DEG C to get Shake flask medium is arrived.
Preferably, in the step (1), the temperature of fermentor air-charging incubation is 20-25 DEG C, and the air-charging incubation time is 4-
6d, inflation pressure are 0.01-0.03MPa, and the raw material of the culture medium of every 1000ml fermentor air-charging incubation includes: 1-6g beans foil
Powder, 20-60g white sugar, 0.5-3g magnesium sulfate, 0.5-3g peptone, 0.5-3g potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The present invention configures the culture medium culture edible fungus liquid of fermentor air-charging incubation by using above-mentioned raw materials and method
Strain, and cooperate the above condition of culture, can be shortened the growth time of edible fungus species, make the breedings of edible fungus species more evenly,
With good culture efficiency and culture effect.Specifically, the preparation method of the culture medium of fermentor air-charging incubation of the invention
Include the following steps, weighs 1-6g beans foil powder, 20-60g white sugar, 0.5-3g magnesium sulfate, 0.5-3g peptone, 0.5-3g di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium, and the above raw material is successively dissolved in 1000ml water and is dissolved by heating, moisturizing adjusts pH value to 1000ml after dissolving completely
6.9-7.5, then sterilize at 115-135 DEG C 20-45min, is cooled to 20-30 DEG C to get the training for arriving fermentor air-charging incubation
Support base.It is another preferred, in the step (1), weigh 3g beans foil powder, 30g white sugar, 1g magnesium sulfate, 1g peptone, 1g di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium, and the above raw material is successively dissolved in 1000ml water and is dissolved by heating, moisturizing adjusts pH value to 1000ml after dissolving completely
6.9-7.5, then sterilize at 124 DEG C 35min, is cooled to 23 DEG C to get the culture medium for arriving fermentor air-charging incubation.
Preferably, in the step (2), edible fungi liquid strain is seeded in inorganic seleno culture medium and is inflated training
It supports, cultivation temperature is 20-25 DEG C, incubation time 5-7d, and inflation pressure is 0.01-0.03MPa, every 1000ml inorganic selenium culture
The raw material of base includes: 1-6g beans foil powder, 20-60g white sugar, 0.5-1.5g peptone, 0.5-1.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-1.5g
Magnesium sulfate and 180-600mg inorganic selenium.
The present invention configures inorganic seleno culture medium culture edible fungi liquid strain by using above-mentioned raw materials and method, and cooperates
The above condition of culture can be shortened the growth time of edible fungus species, and the breeding for making edible fungus species more evenly, has good training
Efficiency and culture effect are supported, is conducive to enhance edible fungus species during the growth process to the ability of the absorption and conversion of inorganic selenium.
Specifically, the preparation method of inorganic seleno culture medium of the invention the following steps are included: weigh 1-6g beans foil powder, 20-60g white sugar,
0.5-1.5g peptone, 0.5-1.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-1.5g magnesium sulfate, 180-400mg inorganic selenium, and by above-mentioned raw materials
It is successively dissolved in 1000ml water and dissolving by heating, moisturizing adjusts pH value 6.9-7.5, then in 115- to 1000ml after dissolving completely
Sterilize 20-45min at 135 DEG C, is cooled to 20-30 DEG C to get inorganic seleno culture medium is arrived.It is another preferred, the step (2)
In, 3g beans foil powder, 30g white sugar, 0.83g peptone, 0.83g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.83g magnesium sulfate and 400mg inorganic selenium are weighed,
And above-mentioned raw materials are successively dissolved in 1000ml water and are dissolved by heating, pH value 6.9-7.5 is adjusted in the completely rear moisturizing of dissolution to 1000ml,
Then sterilize 35min at 124 DEG C, is cooled to 23 DEG C to get inorganic seleno culture medium is arrived.
Preferably, in the step (3), the mixing of the soybean, corn, wheat and the formation of organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution of addition
The initial liquid content of object is 38%-50%, and is dipped to the liquid in mixture and is completely absorbed, soaking temperature 35-50
DEG C, soybean, corn and the wheat is the particle that partial size is 4-8mm.
Cultural method of the invention is absorbed by impregnating by edible mushroom by using soybean, wheat and corn as main body
The organic selenium that mycelium itself converts inorganic selenium, and selenium-rich solid medium is prepared into cultivate edible fungi liquid strain, change
Having become must be by the traditional concept of wooden culture basal growth as the hedgehog hydnum of domestomycetes, and the edible mushroom mycelium cultivated
Organic selenium content is higher, and it is micro- to reach 45-80 for Se content in the dry mycelium of edible mushroom of cultural method culture every 100g of the invention
Gram, wherein the content for the organic selenium being easily absorbed by the human body is greater than 85%.In the present invention, add into organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution
Adding partial size is soybean particle, corn particle, the wheat grain of 4-8mm, until the liquid hold-up of entire hybrid system is 38%-
50%, it is then impregnated at a temperature of 35-50 DEG C again, until the liquid in mixed system is completely absorbed, at this point, soybean
The water content of grain, corn particle and wheat grain is 38%-50%, and then soybean particle, wheat grain and corn particle dry in the air
It is dry, soybean particle, wheat grain and the corn particle rich in organic selenium are obtained, it is edible to prepare solid medium culture using them
Bacteria liquid strain, edible fungi liquid strain directly absorb organic selenium, and it is mycelial organic to considerably increase selenium-enriched edible mushroom
The content of selenium element.It is another preferred, in the step (3), soybean, corn, wheat and the organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution of addition
The initial liquid content of the mixture of formation is 43%-45%, and is dipped to the liquid in mixture and is completely absorbed, and impregnates temperature
Degree is 35-50 DEG C, and the soybean, corn and wheat are the particle that partial size is 5-6mm, soybean after immersion, corn and wheat
Water content is 40%-45%.
Preferably, before immersion, first the organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution that step (2) obtains is shaken up, makes organic selenium edible fungi
Edible mushroom mycelium in liquid is dispersed in bacterium solution.
Before immersion, first organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution is shaken up, is dispersed in edible mushroom mycelium in bacterium solution, makes to eat
Organic selenium in bacterium mycelium also can be more evenly dispersed in bacterium solution, make bacterium solution and edible mushroom mycelium together as organic selenium
Source provides organic selenium to impregnate soybean, wheat and corn therein, improves the organic of soybean after impregnating, wheat and corn
Se content.
Preferably, in the step (4), the raw material of selenium-rich solid medium includes: 3-7% soybean according to mass percent
With 20-30% wheat, surplus is corn.
The present invention provides properly by using the soybean of the above ratio, wheat and corn for the growth of edible mushroom mycelium
Nutritive proportion, be conducive to the culture efficiency and culture effect of hypha of edible fungus.It is another preferred, in the step (4), selenium-rich
The raw material of solid medium includes: 5% soybean and 25% wheat according to mass percent, and surplus is corn.
Preferably, the specific cultural method of the step (4) will connect the following steps are included: in hundred grades of purification culture rooms
The edible fungi liquid strain of kind first at a temperature of 20-25 DEG C, cultivates 10-15d, then aseptically by selenium-rich solid culture
After the edible mushroom mycelium of primary surface growth rubs scattered, continue at a temperature of 20-25 DEG C, 10-15d is cultivated, again in aseptic condition
After the lower edible mushroom mycelium by the growth of selenium-rich solid culture primary surface rubs scattered, continues at a temperature of 20-25 DEG C, cultivate 10-
15d obtains selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium.
The yield of edible mushroom mycelium can be improved by culture three times by the present invention, to greatly improve edible mushroom mycelium
The content of middle polysaccharide and other effective components.
Preferably, the edible mushroom is cordyceps sinensis, grifola frondosus, Agricus blazei, Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin, hickory chick, bolete, elegant treasure
One of mushroom, mushroom, agaric, ganoderma lucidum, Antrodia camphorata bacterium.
Using cultural method of the invention, the above selenium-enriched edible mushroom of culture, organic selenium content with higher is conducive to people
Body absorbs, and has great health value.
Another object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of mycelial application of selenium-enriched edible mushroom, by institute
After edible mushroom mycelium is stated together with selenium-rich solid medium drying, it is ground into 80-100 targeted fine powder, it is edible to obtain selenium-rich
Bacterium hypha powder.
Selenium-enriched edible mushroom hypha powder organic selenium rich in of the invention is conducive to absorption of human body, has great
Health value.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: cultural method of the invention is trained using liquid fermentation and culture combination solid medium
It supports, substantially reduces the incubation time of edible mushroom mycelium, the production cycle only has the 1/2-1/3 of solid medium, is produced into
This is low, and is easy to carry out industrialized production, and by the own metabolism of edible fungus species, convert human body for inorganic selenium and more can
The culture of selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelia is carried out after the organic selenium of absorption again, the mycelial Se content of obtained selenium-enriched edible mushroom is high, more
It is easily absorbed by the body, there is better nutritive value and health value.The edible mushroom of cultural method culture every 100g of the invention
Se content reaches 45-80 microgram in dry mycelium, wherein the content for the organic selenium being easily absorbed by the human body is greater than 85%.
Cultural method of the invention is absorbed by impregnating by edible mushroom by using soybean, wheat and corn as main body
The organic selenium that mycelium itself converts inorganic selenium, and selenium-rich solid medium is prepared into cultivate edible fungi liquid strain, change
Having become must be by the traditional concept of wooden culture basal growth as the hedgehog hydnum of domestomycetes.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, real
The content that the mode of applying refers to not is limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture of edible fungi liquid strain: by edible mushroom parent species successively pass through PDA culture medium culture, shaking flask culture and
Fermentor air-charging incubation obtains edible fungi liquid strain；
(2) culture of organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution: inorganic seleno culture medium is prepared, and will be obtained in the step (1)
Divide edible fungi liquid strain to be seeded in inorganic seleno culture medium to be cultivated, obtains organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution；
(3) preparation of selenium-rich raw material: the mixture of soybean, corn and wheat is had using obtained in the step (2)
Machine selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution impregnates certain time, then dries, obtains selenium-rich raw material；
(4) culture of selenium-rich solid medium: by soybean, corn and the wheat in the selenium-rich raw material prepared in step (3)
It is prepared into selenium-rich solid medium after being mixed in a certain ratio sterilizing, cooling, the residue being then inoculated in the step (1) is edible
Bacteria liquid strain is simultaneously cultivated, and selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium is obtained.
In the step (1), the temperature of PDA culture medium culture is 20 DEG C, incubation time 9d；The PDA culture medium
Preparation method includes the following steps: that the boiling for taking potato 100g that 1000ml is added is ripe, then filters, obtains filtrate, by filtrate
It is separately added into 10g glucose, 10g agar, 0.2g magnesium sulfate, 0.5g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 3g bean cake powder, 3g peptone and 1g yeast
Powder is heated to dissolving, and moisturizing is to 1000ml, and obtained culture solution is sterilized 40min at a temperature of 115 DEG C, is subsequently cooled to
PDA culture medium is obtained after 20 DEG C.
In the step (1), the temperature of shaking flask culture is 20 DEG C, incubation time 7d, every 1000ml Shake flask medium
Raw material includes: 1g beans foil powder, 20g white sugar, 0.5g yeast extract, 0.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5g magnesium sulfate.
In the step (1), the temperature of fermentor air-charging incubation is 20 DEG C, and the air-charging incubation time is 6d, and inflation pressure is
0.01MPa, the raw material of the culture medium of every 1000ml fermentor air-charging incubation include: 1g beans foil powder, 20g white sugar, 0.5g magnesium sulfate,
0.5g peptone, 0.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the step (2), cultivation temperature is 20 DEG C, incubation time 7d, the raw material of every inorganic seleno culture medium of 1000ml
It include: 1g beans foil powder, 20g white sugar, 0.5g peptone, 0.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5g magnesium sulfate and 40 μ g inorganic seleniums.
In the step (3), mixture that the soybean of addition, corn, wheat and organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution are formed just
Beginning content liquid is 38%%, and is dipped to the liquid in mixture and is completely absorbed, and soaking temperature is 35 DEG C, and described is big
Beans, corn and wheat are the particle that partial size is 4mm.
Before immersion, first the organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution that step (2) obtains is shaken up, makes the food in organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution
It is dispersed in bacterium solution with bacterium mycelium.
In the step (4), the raw material of selenium-rich solid medium includes: that 3% soybean and 20% are small according to mass percent
Wheat, surplus are corn.
The specific cultural method of the step (4) in hundred grades of purifications the following steps are included: cultivate in rooms, by the edible of inoculation
Bacteria liquid strain first at a temperature of 20 DEG C, cultivates 15d, the food for then aseptically growing selenium-rich solid culture primary surface
After being rubbed scattered with bacterium mycelium, continue at a temperature of 20 DEG C, 15d is cultivated, again aseptically by selenium-rich solid culture base table
After long edible mushroom mycelium of looking unfamiliar rubs scattered, continue at a temperature of 20 DEG C, cultivates 15d, obtain selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium.
The edible mushroom is Antrodia camphorata bacterium.
Embodiment 2
A kind of mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture of edible fungi liquid strain: by edible mushroom parent species successively pass through PDA culture medium culture, shaking flask culture and
Fermentor air-charging incubation obtains edible fungi liquid strain；
(2) culture of organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution: inorganic seleno culture medium is prepared, and will be obtained in the step (1)
Divide edible fungi liquid strain to be seeded in inorganic seleno culture medium to be cultivated, obtains organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution；
(3) preparation of selenium-rich raw material: the mixture of soybean, corn and wheat is had using obtained in the step (2)
Machine selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution impregnates certain time, then dries, obtains selenium-rich raw material；
(4) culture of selenium-rich solid medium: by soybean, corn and the wheat in the selenium-rich raw material prepared in step (3)
It is prepared into selenium-rich solid medium after being mixed in a certain ratio sterilizing, cooling, the residue being then inoculated in the step (1) is edible
Bacteria liquid strain is simultaneously cultivated, and selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium is obtained.
In the step (1), the temperature of PDA culture medium culture is 25 DEG C, incubation time 7d；The PDA culture medium
Preparation method includes the following steps: that the boiling for taking potato 300g that 1000ml is added is ripe, then filters, obtains filtrate, by filtrate
It is separately added into 30g glucose, 30g agar, 1g magnesium sulfate, 2g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 10g bean cake powder, 10g peptone and 5g yeast
Powder is heated to dissolving, and moisturizing is to 1000ml, and obtained culture solution is sterilized 20min at a temperature of 130 DEG C, is subsequently cooled to
PDA culture medium is obtained after 30 DEG C.
In the step (1), the temperature of shaking flask culture is 25 DEG C, incubation time 5d, every 1000ml Shake flask medium
Raw material includes: 6g beans foil powder, 60g white sugar, 1.5g yeast extract, 1.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5g magnesium sulfate.
In the step (1), the temperature of fermentor air-charging incubation is 25 DEG C, and the air-charging incubation time is 4d, and inflation pressure is
0.03MPa, the raw material of the culture medium of every 1000ml fermentor air-charging incubation include: 6g beans foil powder, 60g white sugar, 3g magnesium sulfate, 3g
Peptone, 3g potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the step (2), cultivation temperature is 25 DEG C, incubation time 5d, the raw material of every inorganic seleno culture medium of 1000ml
It include: 6g beans foil powder, 60g white sugar, 1.5g peptone, 1.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5g magnesium sulfate and 100 μ g inorganic seleniums.
In the step (3), mixture that the soybean of addition, corn, wheat and organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution are formed just
Beginning content liquid is 50%, and is dipped to the liquid in mixture and is completely absorbed, and soaking temperature is 50 DEG C, the soybean,
Corn and wheat are the particle that partial size is 8mm.
Before immersion, first the organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution that step (2) obtains is shaken up, makes the food in organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution
It is dispersed in bacterium solution with bacterium mycelium.
In the step (4), the raw material of selenium-rich solid medium includes: that 7% soybean and 30% are small according to mass percent
Wheat, surplus are corn.
The specific cultural method of the step (4) in hundred grades of purifications the following steps are included: cultivate in rooms, by the edible of inoculation
Bacteria liquid strain first at a temperature of 25 DEG C, cultivates 10d, the food for then aseptically growing selenium-rich solid culture primary surface
After being rubbed scattered with bacterium mycelium, continue at a temperature of 25 DEG C, 10d is cultivated, again aseptically by selenium-rich solid culture base table
After long edible mushroom mycelium of looking unfamiliar rubs scattered, continue at a temperature of 25 DEG C, cultivates 10d, obtain selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium.
The edible mushroom is ganoderma lucidum.
Embodiment 3
A kind of mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture of edible fungi liquid strain: by edible mushroom parent species successively pass through PDA culture medium culture, shaking flask culture and
Fermentor air-charging incubation obtains edible fungi liquid strain；
(2) culture of organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution: inorganic seleno culture medium is prepared, and will be obtained in the step (1)
Divide edible fungi liquid strain to be seeded in inorganic seleno culture medium to be cultivated, obtains organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution；
(3) preparation of selenium-rich raw material: the mixture of soybean, corn and wheat is had using obtained in the step (2)
Machine selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution impregnates certain time, then dries, obtains selenium-rich raw material；
(4) culture of selenium-rich solid medium: by soybean, corn and the wheat in the selenium-rich raw material prepared in step (3)
It is prepared into selenium-rich solid medium after being mixed in a certain ratio sterilizing, cooling, the residue being then inoculated in the step (1) is edible
Bacteria liquid strain is simultaneously cultivated, and selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium is obtained.
In the step (1), the temperature of PDA culture medium culture is 23 DEG C, incubation time 8d；The PDA culture medium
Preparation method includes the following steps: that the boiling for taking potato 200g that 1000ml is added is ripe, then filters, obtains filtrate, by filtrate
It is separately added into 20g glucose, 20g agar, 0.5g magnesium sulfate, 1g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5g bean cake powder, 5g peptone and 3g yeast
Powder is heated to dissolving, and moisturizing is to 1000ml, and obtained culture solution is sterilized 35min at a temperature of 124 DEG C, is subsequently cooled to
PDA culture medium is obtained after 23 DEG C.
In the step (1), the temperature of shaking flask culture is 23 DEG C, incubation time 6d, every 1000ml Shake flask medium
Raw material includes: 3g beans foil powder, 30g white sugar, 0.83g yeast extract, 0.83g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.83g magnesium sulfate.
In the step (1), the temperature of fermentor air-charging incubation is 23 DEG C, and the air-charging incubation time is 5d, and inflation pressure is
0.02MPa, the raw material of the culture medium of every 1000ml fermentor air-charging incubation include: 3g beans foil powder, 30g white sugar, 1g magnesium sulfate, 1g
Peptone, 1g potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the step (2), cultivation temperature is 23 DEG C, incubation time 6d, the raw material of every inorganic seleno culture medium of 1000ml
It include: 3g beans foil powder, 30g white sugar, 0.83g peptone, 0.83g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.83g magnesium sulfate and 60 μ g inorganic seleniums.
In the step (3), mixture that the soybean of addition, corn, wheat and organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution are formed just
Beginning content liquid is 43%, and is dipped to the liquid in mixture and is completely absorbed, and soaking temperature is 40 DEG C, the soybean,
Corn and wheat are the particle that partial size is 5mm.
Before immersion, first the organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution that step (2) obtains is shaken up, makes the food in organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution
It is dispersed in bacterium solution with bacterium mycelium.
In the step (4), the raw material of selenium-rich solid medium includes: that 5% soybean and 25% are small according to mass percent
Wheat, surplus are corn.
The specific cultural method of the step (4) in hundred grades of purifications the following steps are included: cultivate in rooms, by the edible of inoculation
Bacteria liquid strain first at a temperature of 23 DEG C, cultivates 12d, the food for then aseptically growing selenium-rich solid culture primary surface
After being rubbed scattered with bacterium mycelium, continue at a temperature of 23 DEG C, 12d is cultivated, again aseptically by selenium-rich solid culture base table
After long edible mushroom mycelium of looking unfamiliar rubs scattered, continue at a temperature of 23 DEG C, cultivates 12d, obtain selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium.
The edible mushroom is cordyceps sinensis.
Embodiment 4
A kind of mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture of edible fungi liquid strain: by edible mushroom parent species successively pass through PDA culture medium culture, shaking flask culture and
Fermentor air-charging incubation obtains edible fungi liquid strain；
(2) culture of organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution: inorganic seleno culture medium is prepared, and will be obtained in the step (1)
Divide edible fungi liquid strain to be seeded in inorganic seleno culture medium to be cultivated, obtains organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution；
(3) preparation of selenium-rich raw material: the mixture of soybean, corn and wheat is had using obtained in the step (2)
Machine selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution impregnates certain time, then dries, obtains selenium-rich raw material；
(4) culture of selenium-rich solid medium: by soybean, corn and the wheat in the selenium-rich raw material prepared in step (3)
It is prepared into selenium-rich solid medium after being mixed in a certain ratio sterilizing, cooling, the residue being then inoculated in the step (1) is edible
Bacteria liquid strain is simultaneously cultivated, and selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium is obtained.
In the step (1), the temperature of PDA culture medium culture is 22 DEG C, incubation time 8d；The PDA culture medium
Preparation method includes the following steps: that the boiling for taking potato 250g that 1000ml is added is ripe, then filters, obtains filtrate, by filtrate
It is separately added into 25g glucose, 25g agar, 0.8g magnesium sulfate, 1.5g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 7g bean cake powder, 7g peptone and 2.5g ferment
Female powder is heated to dissolving, and moisturizing is to 1000ml, and obtained culture solution is sterilized 30min at a temperature of 120 DEG C, is then cooled down
PDA culture medium is obtained after to 22 DEG C.
In the step (1), the temperature of shaking flask culture is 22 DEG C, incubation time 6d, every 1000ml Shake flask medium
Raw material includes: 4g beans foil powder, 40g white sugar, 1.2g yeast extract, 1.2g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2 magnesium sulfate.
In the step (1), the temperature of fermentor air-charging incubation is 22 DEG C, and the air-charging incubation time is 5d, and inflation pressure is
0.02MPa, the raw material of the culture medium of every 1000ml fermentor air-charging incubation include: 4g beans foil powder, 40g white sugar, 2g magnesium sulfate, 2g
Peptone, 2g potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the step (2), cultivation temperature is 22 DEG C, incubation time 6d, the raw material of every inorganic seleno culture medium of 1000ml
It include: 4g beans foil powder, 40g white sugar, 1.2g peptone, 1.2g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2g magnesium sulfate and 80 μ g inorganic seleniums.
In the step (3), mixture that the soybean of addition, corn, wheat and organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution are formed just
Beginning content liquid is 44%, and is dipped to the liquid in mixture and is completely absorbed, and soaking temperature is 42 DEG C, the soybean,
Corn and wheat are the particle that partial size is 6mm.
Before immersion, first the organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution that step (2) obtains is shaken up, makes the food in organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution
It is dispersed in bacterium solution with bacterium mycelium.
In the step (4), the raw material of selenium-rich solid medium includes: that 4% soybean and 28% are small according to mass percent
Wheat, surplus are corn.
The specific cultural method of the step (4) in hundred grades of purifications the following steps are included: cultivate in rooms, by the edible of inoculation
Bacteria liquid strain first at a temperature of 22 DEG C, cultivates 13d, the food for then aseptically growing selenium-rich solid culture primary surface
After being rubbed scattered with bacterium mycelium, continue at a temperature of 22 DEG C, 13d is cultivated, again aseptically by selenium-rich solid culture base table
After long edible mushroom mycelium of looking unfamiliar rubs scattered, continue at a temperature of 22 DEG C, cultivates 13d, obtain selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium.
The edible mushroom is Agricus blazei.
Embodiment 5
A kind of mycelial application of selenium-enriched edible mushroom, by edible mushroom mycelium obtained in embodiment 1-4 together with the richness
After selenium solid medium is dried together, it is ground into 80-100 targeted fine powder, obtains selenium-enriched edible mushroom hypha powder.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable implementation of the present invention, and in addition to this, the present invention can be realized with other way,
Do not depart under the premise of present inventive concept it is any obviously replace it is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom, which comprises the following steps:
(1) edible mushroom parent species successively the culture of edible fungi liquid strain: are passed through into PDA culture medium culture, shaking flask culture and fermentation
Tank air-charging incubation obtains edible fungi liquid strain；
(2) culture of organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution: inorganic seleno culture medium is prepared, and will partially be eaten obtained in the step (1)
It is seeded in inorganic seleno culture medium and is cultivated with bacteria liquid strain, obtain organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution；
(3) mixture of soybean, corn and wheat the preparation of selenium-rich raw material: is used into organic selenium obtained in the step (2)
Edible mushroom bacterium solution impregnates certain time, then dries, obtains selenium-rich raw material；
(4) soybean, corn and the wheat in the selenium-rich raw material prepared in step (3) the culture of selenium-rich solid medium: are pressed one
It is prepared into selenium-rich solid medium after certainty ratio mixing sterilizing, cooling, the residue being then inoculated in the step (1) eats bacterium solution
Body strain is simultaneously cultivated, and selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium is obtained.
2. the mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (1),
The temperature of shaking flask culture is 20-25 DEG C, and incubation time 5-7d, the raw material of every 1000ml Shake flask medium includes: 1-6g beans foil
Powder, 20-60g white sugar, 0.5-1.5g yeast extract, 0.5-1.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5-1.5g magnesium sulfate.
3. the mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (1),
The temperature of fermentor air-charging incubation is 20-25 DEG C, and the air-charging incubation time is 4-6d, and inflation pressure is 0.01-0.03MPa, often
The raw material of the culture medium of 1000ml fermentor air-charging incubation include: 1-6g beans foil powder, 20-60g white sugar, 0.5-3g magnesium sulfate,
0.5-3g peptone and 0.5-3g potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. the mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (2),
Edible fungi liquid strain is seeded in inorganic seleno culture medium and is inflated culture, cultivation temperature is 20-25 DEG C, and incubation time is
5-7d, inflation pressure are 0.01-0.03MPa, and the raw material of every inorganic seleno culture medium of 1000ml includes: 1-6g beans foil powder, 20-60g
White sugar, 0.5-1.5g peptone, 0.5-1.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-1.5g magnesium sulfate and 180-600mg inorganic selenium.
5. the mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (3),
The initial liquid content for the mixture that soybean, corn, wheat and the organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution of addition are formed is 38%-50%,
And be dipped to the liquid in mixture and be completely absorbed, soaking temperature is 35-50 DEG C, and the soybean, corn and wheat are grain
Diameter is the particle of 4-8mm.
6. the mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:, first will step before immersion
Suddenly the organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution that (2) obtain shakes up, and is dispersed in the edible mushroom mycelium in organic selenium edible mushroom bacterium solution
In bacterium solution.
7. the mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (4),
The raw material of selenium-rich solid medium includes: 3-7% soybean and 20-30% wheat according to mass percent, and surplus is corn.
8. the mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (4)
Specific cultural method in hundred grades of purifications the following steps are included: cultivate in rooms, by the edible fungi liquid strain of inoculation first at 20-25 DEG C
At a temperature of, 10-15d is cultivated, then aseptically rubs scattered the edible mushroom mycelium that selenium-rich solid culture primary surface is grown
Afterwards, continue at a temperature of 20-25 DEG C, cultivate 10-15d, again aseptically by the growth of selenium-rich solid culture primary surface
After edible mushroom mycelium rubs scattered, continue at a temperature of 20-25 DEG C, cultivates 10-15d, obtain selenium-enriched edible mushroom mycelium.
9. the mycelial cultural method of selenium-enriched edible mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the edible mushroom is worm
Straw mushroom, grifola frondosus, Agricus blazei, Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin, hickory chick, bolete, elegant precious mushroom, mushroom, agaric, ganoderma lucidum, in Antrodia camphorata bacterium
One kind.
10. a kind of mycelial application of selenium-enriched edible mushroom, it is characterised in that: eaten using such as any one of claim 1-9 selenium-rich
After being dried with the edible mushroom mycelium of the mycelial cultural method culture of bacterium together with the selenium-rich solid medium, it is ground into 80-
100 targeted fine powders obtain selenium-enriched edible mushroom hypha powder.
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