CN106626656B - 一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN106626656B
CN106626656B CN201710013393.3A CN201710013393A CN106626656B CN 106626656 B CN106626656 B CN 106626656B CN 201710013393 A CN201710013393 A CN 201710013393A CN 106626656 B CN106626656 B CN 106626656B
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retardant
fire
flame
inner decoration
flame retardant
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CN106626656A (zh
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曾军
陈忠刚
吕佩佩
蒋义赏
孟凡超
王梦超
刘清华
唐俊毅
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Hangzhou Hi Tech Flame Retardant Technology Co Ltd
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Hangzhou Hi Tech Flame Retardant Technology Co Ltd
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    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
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    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物及其应用,包括本质阻燃汽车内饰面料、软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵、阻燃衬垫底布,三者通过火焰复合、热熔胶复合或胶水复合手段而实现复合。本质阻燃汽车内饰面料和所述阻燃衬垫底布的极限氧指数均超过32.0%,并且所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料和所述阻燃衬垫底布的垂直燃烧速度相差不超过20mm/min,水平燃烧速率相差不超过20mm/min。该阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物具有绿色环保、低烟少毒、低VOC、低雾化值、无异味、手感柔软、阻燃性能优异、剥离强度高、回弹性好、抗静电性能佳等特点,可广泛应用于小汽车或客车的座椅、安全座椅、顶棚、门板、扶手。

Description

一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及阻燃材料领域,具体涉及一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物及其应用。
背景技术
近年,汽车燃烧安全事故频发,国家有关部委发文指出,汽车内饰材料燃烧测试标准是确保汽车安全的重要因素之一。各国针对车用内饰面料的燃烧性都有明确的法规,我国在校车、客车及火车用内饰面料的阻燃性能要求上提出新标准,水平燃烧测试指标由原来的燃烧速度≤100mm/min降低至≤70mm/min。客车内饰材料的阻燃要求仅参照国家强制性GB8410-2006控制水平燃烧速度,不足以有效的防止火灾、延缓火势蔓延。因此,应工信部要求,有关单位综合参考国内外的相关标准,正在组织制定并完善汽车强制性国家标准《客车内饰材料的燃烧特性》,增加垂直燃烧速度、氧指数、烟密度等多项指标要求,提高汽车内饰的防火阻燃性能,但目前国内还缺少符合《客车内饰材料的燃烧特性》的汽车内饰复合面料。
交通产业内饰材料大多由高分子材料制备,主要由碳、氢元素构成,大多数是易燃、可燃物品。行驶过程中,发动机故障、电器短路、交通事故等各种因素引起的重大火灾,传统的金属和无机非金属材料燃烧时热释放速率大,热值高、火焰传播快且不易熄灭,产生浓烟和有毒气体,造成巨大的财产损失和人员伤亡。因此,汽车内饰材料必须要有很好的延烧性和阻燃性,降低火焰蔓延速率,给予乘客充分的逃生时间。
传统的阻燃汽车内饰材料在阻燃耐久性和安全环保等方面存在严重不足,遇火燃烧时烟雾大,极限氧指数很少达到或高于28%,市场上目前的汽车内饰面料复合物的LOI≤24%。
申请号为CN200810196030.9的发明公开了一种后整理纳米负离子汽车内饰面料的制备方法,在去离子水中加入所述纳米负离子粉末,经过高速搅拌,在40~50℃下加入分散剂聚丙烯酸钠和硅烷偶联剂,所述去离子水、纳米负离子粉末、分散剂、偶联剂的质量比为100:8-15:3.0-3.5:-4,所述硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基硅烷、氨基硅烷、甲基丙烯酰氧基硅烷、巯基硅烷或脲基硅烷;经搅拌、超声分散处理后,得到纳米负离子整理剂,在将该纳米负离子整理剂稀释后,采用浸-轧-烘工艺,制得所述后整理纳米负离子汽车内饰面料。申请号为CN201410761549.2的发明公开了一种阻燃PET/PTT/TPEE复合纤维,其组分按质量百分数配比为:PET:32.0%-64%、PTT:20%-30%、TPEE:5%-15%、阻燃剂6%-10%、阻燃协效剂2%-5%、相容剂2%-4%、抗氧剂0.1%-0.5%、成核剂0.1%-1%、润滑剂0.1%-1%,所述阻燃剂为聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯,所述阻燃协效剂为三氧化二锑。申请号为CN201510607477.0的发明涉及一种车用阻燃改性增强涤纶及其生产方法,该涤纶的生产方法包括如下步骤:A、将原料聚碳酸磷酸酯与PBT通过共混造粒的方法制得母粒;B、将母粒采用熔融注入法与PET熔体混合后进行纺丝,制得POY涤纶丝。本发明的有益效果是:利用聚碳酸磷酸酯的超高分子量的无规特性,使得结晶性聚合物涤纶取向不结晶,具有较高的断裂强度,较低的模量;同时利用含磷物质,使得涤纶具有较高的极限氧指数,达到永久阻燃效。申请号为CN201510609666.1的发明公开了一种汽车内饰面料复合再生泡棉压制的顶棚片材,再生阻燃橡塑泡棉层一侧复合有汽车内饰面料层,形成再生阻燃橡塑泡棉汽车内饰面料薄片层,再生阻燃橡塑泡棉汽车内饰面料薄片层上复合有粘剂层,通过粘剂层将该片材固定于汽车顶棚上。制备方法:将再生阻燃橡塑泡棉层和汽车内饰面料层压制成再生阻燃橡塑泡棉汽车内饰面料薄片层;在再生阻燃橡塑泡棉层上涂布粘剂层的胶水;即制得汽车内饰面料复合再生泡棉压制的顶棚片材;使用时,将保护层揭除。申请号为CN201520737435.4的实用新型涉及一种绿色环保低VOC透气新型汽车内饰复合面料,包括面料和经编间隔织物,面料和经编间隔织物之间通过热熔粉热熔复合。本实用新型的有益效果是:1)低VOC绿色环保,有效减少了有毒有害物质的释放;2)提升了汽车内饰面料的透气性和舒适性;3)减少一道火焰复合工序,减少底布的使用。申请号为CN201420369218.X的实用新型涉及一种导湿透气环保型汽车内饰面料,该面料采用畦编组织结构,带有该畦编组织的面料包括正面平针组织和背面平针组织,正面平针组织和背面平针组织经集圈组织连接,所述正面平针组织采用再生涤纶长丝,所述背面平针组织采用玉米纤维长丝。面料采用畦编组织结构,将再生的涤纶长丝和玉米纤维长丝结合起来,实现两种材料的互补。申请号为CN201410684365.0的发明公开了一种纳米负离子汽车内装饰面料的制备方法,包括纳米负离子整理剂的制备及采用轧-烘-焙工艺对面料进行后处理等步骤。通过将能够释放或发射负离子的材料加工成纳米级粒径的整理剂,再使用上述整理剂对汽车内饰面料进行纳米负离子后整理加工,赋予纺织品保健功能。整理剂中的电气石是热释电和压电材料,当其受到物理刺激、摩擦、振动时,易产生大量负离子,因此,随着振动次数的不断增加,整理后织物产生更多的负离子。申请号为CN201220023428.4的实用新型公开了一种纳米负离子汽车内饰面料,由GB1、GB2、GB3三把梳栉编织而成,所述GB1、GB2为四列经缎组织,所述GB3为经斜组织,所述GB1的组织结构为10/12、23/21,所述GB2的组织结构为23/21、10/12,所述GB3的组织结构为10/34。该实用新型能释放高浓度的空气负离子。
上述各专利都不涉及汽车内饰面料复合物的高效阻燃问题,目前国内外没有LOI高于28%的汽车内饰面料复合物(面料/海绵/衬垫底布),且一直以来国内外产业界都用水平燃烧法作为评价标准,LOI并不是强制指标,因此通常的汽车内饰面料复合物产品实际测试LOI值都较低。目前,《客车内饰材料的燃烧特性》正在制定修改中,新标准提高了对客车内饰材料阻燃性能的要求,规定所有汽车纺织材料的极限氧指数≥28%;水平燃烧法测试其等级不低于B级,要求垂直燃烧速度≤100mm/min。环保和阻燃法规日益严格,传统汽车内饰面料复合物已经不符合时代发展要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物及其应用。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物,包括本质阻燃汽车内饰面料、阻燃衬垫底布,以及位于两者之间的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵,所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料和所述阻燃衬垫底布与所述软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵通过火焰复合、热熔胶复合或胶水复合手段实现复合,所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料由含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物经功能整理而成,所述含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物具有共聚的磷系阻燃结构;所述功能整理是指:采用功能材料在所述含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物上进行功能化的后整理,100重量份的本质阻燃汽车内饰面料含有以下功能材料:0.1-2.5重量份的含磷阻燃聚氨酯、0.03-0.3重量份的有机硅阻燃交联剂、0.15-3.0重量份的低迁移性含磷阻燃剂(含磷阻燃剂在基材(本发明中为面料)中迁移性低,不易析出)及0.1-1.2重量份的可与磷系阻燃协同增效的无卤环保阻燃协效剂、0.03-0.3重量份成炭催化剂和0.03-0.1重量份的烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐抗静电剂,所述含磷阻燃聚氨酯是水性或油性含磷阻燃聚氨酯助剂经高温焙烘脱除水份或溶剂后粘附于含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物而形成;
所述阻燃衬垫底布是由阻燃无纺布、阻燃机织物或阻燃针织物经功能整理而成,100重量份的阻燃衬垫底布含有以下功能材料:0.1-1.2重量份的阻燃柔软剂、0.6-12.0重量份的含磷阻燃整理剂(一般选用与阻燃无纺布、阻燃机织物或阻燃针织物具有良好亲和性的含磷阻燃整理剂)及0.03-1.0重量份的阻燃抑烟剂;
所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料和所述阻燃衬垫底布的极限氧指数均超过32.0%,并且所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料和所述阻燃衬垫底布的垂直燃烧速度相差不超过20mm/min,水平燃烧速率相差不超过20mm/min,所述软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵的极限氧指数在22.0%-26.0%之间。
进一步地,所述含磷阻燃聚氨酯是通过将水性含磷阻燃聚氨酯乳液经高温焙烘而粘附于含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物而形成,所述有机硅阻燃交联剂是带环氧基团的有机硅烷交联剂。
进一步地,所述低迁移性含磷阻燃剂为二乙基次膦酸铝、二乙基次膦酸锌、甲基乙基次膦酸锌、含磷DOPO-笼型低聚硅倍半氧烷(DOPO-POSS)、(1-氧代-4-羟甲基-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷)(PEPA)、三(1-氧代-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷-4-亚甲基)磷酸酯(TRIMER)、2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸、六苯氧基环三瞵晴(HPTCP)、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯(PSPPP)、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、聚磷酸铵、9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)、[(6-氧-(6H)-二苯并-(CE)(1,2)-氧磷杂已环-6-酮)甲基]-丁二酸DOPO-DDP、10-(2,5-二羟基苯基)-10-氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO-HQ)中一种或多种;
所述的可与磷系阻燃协同增效的无卤环保阻燃协效剂,选自氮系阻燃剂、硫系阻燃剂、无机氢氧化物阻燃剂、有机硼系阻燃剂、硅系阻燃剂、无机锌系阻燃协效剂、多羟基成炭剂中一种或多种;
所述成炭催化剂为4A沸石、氧化锌、氧化镧、水杨醛铜络合物(CuSA)、水杨醛肟铜络合物(CuSAO)、水杨醛肟络合物(NiSAO)、碳酸镍中的一种或多种。
进一步地,所述的硫系阻燃剂是有机磺酸盐型阻燃剂,其质量分数为本质阻燃汽车内饰面料质量的0.1%-0.4%。
进一步地,所述的有机磺酸盐型阻燃剂是苯磺酰基苯磺酸钾(KSS)或全氟丁基磺酸钾(PPFBS),其质量分数为本质阻燃汽车内饰面料质量的0.1%-0.3%。
进一步地,所述阻燃整理剂包括环状磷酸酯、笼型磷酸酯、螺状磷酸酯、二苯氧基磷酸苯胺(DPPP)中一种或多种,所述阻燃柔软剂包括有机磷酸酯增塑阻燃剂、阻燃硅油一种或两种。
进一步地,所述有机磷酸酯增塑阻燃剂为双酚A双(磷酸二苯酯)(BDP)、磷酸三(丁氧基乙基)酯(TBEP)、间苯二酚双(二苯基磷酸酯)(RDP)、间苯二酚四(2,6-二甲苯基)二磷酸酯(XDP)、磷酸苯基甲基苯酯(CDP)、三芳基磷酸酯(IPPP)、磷酸三甲苯酯(TCP)、磷酸三(二甲苯)酯中一种或多种,所述阻燃抑烟剂为三氧化二钼、八钼酸铵、磷钼酸钙、磷钼酸铵中一种或多种。
进一步地,所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料通过以下方法制备得到:将所述含磷阻燃聚氨酯助剂(一般是水性含磷阻燃聚氨酯乳液或油性含磷阻燃聚氨酯,是可以分散的液体助剂,高温烘干后可成为含磷阻燃聚氨酯高分子膜)、所述有机硅阻燃交联剂、所述低迁移性含磷阻燃剂、所述无卤环保阻燃协效剂和烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐抗静电剂分散于水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将所述含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧或两浸两轧,150-180℃焙烘40-75s;
所述阻燃衬垫底布通过以下方法制备得到:将所述阻燃柔软剂、含磷阻燃整理剂、所述阻燃抑烟剂分散于水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将所述垫衬底布浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧或两浸两轧,通过预烘或预烘、焙烘工艺,其中,预烘工艺为105-120℃保持40-80s,焙烘工艺为170-195℃保持35-75s。
一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物的应用,所述阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物可以应用于小汽车或客车的座椅、安全座椅、顶棚、门板、扶手。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明的阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物均满足《客车内饰材料的燃烧特性》要求:极限氧指数≥28%;水平燃烧法测试其等级不低于B级;要求垂直燃烧速度≤100mm/min,按GB/T8627-2007测试,烟密度等级(SDR)≤75。阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物具有绿色环保、低烟少毒、低VOC、低雾化值、无异味、手感柔软、阻燃性能优异、剥离强度高、回弹性好、抗静电性能佳等特点,可广泛应用于小汽车或客车的座椅、安全座椅、顶棚、门板、扶手。
附图说明
图1为阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物的结构,其中,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1、软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2、阻燃衬垫底布3;
图2是本质阻燃汽车内饰面料燃烧后的扫描电镜照片(实施例1中阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物中三种成分剥离之后进行测试);
图3是软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵燃烧后的扫描电镜照片(实施例1中阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物三种成分剥离之后进行测试);
图4是阻燃衬垫底布燃烧后的扫描电镜照片(实施例1中阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物三种成分剥离之后进行测试)。
具体实施方式
本发明采用含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物、阻燃无纺布或阻燃机织物或阻燃针织物(衬垫底布)、软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵作为基础材料,通过各种阻燃整理剂、协效剂和功能助剂,在特定的工艺下将纺织材料进行功能整理,形成由本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1、阻燃衬垫底布3,以及位于两者之间的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2组成的阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物,如图1所示。其中,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3与所述软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2通过火焰复合、热熔胶复合或胶水复合手段实现复合,所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3的极限氧指数均超过32.0%,并且按GB32086-2015测试,所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3的垂直燃烧速度相差不超过20mm/min,按GB8410-2006水平燃烧法测试,二者的燃烧速率相差不超过20mm/min,所述软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2,与所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3分别进行复合,由于所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3具有优异的阻燃性能,极限氧指数高,而且二者水平燃烧速度和垂直燃烧速度都相差不超过20mm/min,使得在阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物在受到外加火焰作用时,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3能迅速膨胀成炭,协同阻燃,隔绝了海绵与外界的氧气和热量。
软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2即使本身LOI比28%低得多,但是两边阻燃面料和阻燃衬垫底布3在测试LOI中迅速膨胀成炭阻燃,二者协同作用,隔绝火焰和氧气,从而实现复合物的高效阻燃,极限氧指数≥28%,按GB32086-2015测试,所述阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物垂直燃烧速度≤100mm/min,按GB8410-2006水平燃烧法测试,其燃烧等级不低于B级,烟密度(SDR)等级≤75。
图2、图3、图4分别是本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1、软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2、阻燃衬垫底布3在28.0%氧气浓度下的燃烧后的炭层扫描电镜照片(实施例1中阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物三种成分剥离之后分别进行测试),可以看出,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3遇火形成了完整的炭层,炭层还有轻微的膨胀发泡,而软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2在内外两层完整炭层的保护下仍然是多孔泡沫结构。这种多孔泡沫结构原本是无法在28%氧气浓度下保持完整的,由于本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1、阻燃衬垫底布3在遇到火焰时迅速膨胀成炭,二者炭层协同作用迅速覆盖住海绵,因此,使得海绵在两层炭层的保护下得以保持较好的多孔结构,而不是燃烧殆尽,展现出优异的阻燃性能。
而实际上,如果仅仅是简单将纺织面料、底布和海绵复合,并不能获得好的阻燃效果。对比例中,采用LOI高达45.0%的三聚氰胺海绵,还有LOI达45.0%的预氧化纤维阻燃布、LOI高达35.8%的阻燃底布,复合并不能使得复合材料获得超过28%的LOI,实际测试中,预氧化纤维阻燃布、阻燃底布各自熔融,却不能获得良好的收缩卷边,反而被三聚氰胺海绵不断支持住或撑住熔融的液态物质,不断形成缓慢燃烧,类似于涤纶/棉的支架效应、玻纤增强尼龙的燃烧加剧效应或蜡烛的烛芯效应。三聚氰胺海绵在长时间小火焰续燃作用下,阻燃性能也下降,而且产生大量氨气,烟雾较大。这说明,简单复合三个高LOI的阻燃性能材料是行不通的。本发明提供系统集成的整体解决方案,制得的阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物产品绿色环保、低烟少毒、低VOC、低雾化值、无异味、手感柔软、阻燃性能优异、剥离强度高、回弹性好、抗静电性能佳,可广泛应用于小汽车或客车的座椅、安全座椅、顶棚、门板、扶手。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述,但不应以此限制本发明的保护范围:
实施例1
50克含磷阻燃水性聚氨酯的乳液(含固量40%,浙江传化股份有限公司TF-686)、2克有机硅阻燃交联剂(Silicone-9312)、20克二乙基次膦酸锌(青岛欧普瑞新材料有限公司)、4克三(2-羟乙基)异氰尿酸酯(宜兴中正化工有限公司)、0.4克烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐(江西斯莫生物化学有限公司抗静电剂P)、0.5克氧化镧(赣州立业稀土有限公司)分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将523克含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度为268g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧,170℃焙烘60s,通过调控浸轧轧余率在70%,最终,得到本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1(539克),本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的面密度为277g/m2,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的极限氧指数为32.5%。
将10克间苯二酚四(2,6-二甲苯基)二磷酸酯(XDP)(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、30克环状磷酸酯(浙江传化股份有限公司TF-614)、0.5克阻燃抑烟剂八钼酸铵分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将520.3克阻燃无纺布(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司)浸入浸轧槽,两浸两轧,控制浸轧轧余率在100%,105℃预烘80s,195℃焙烘45s,制得阻燃衬垫底布3(质量约为540克,焙烘中有轻微的物料损失),最终,阻燃衬垫底布3面密度为105g/m2,阻燃衬垫底布3的极限氧指数为33.0%;
本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3的垂直燃烧速度分别为15mm/min和10mm/min,按GB8410-2006水平燃烧法测试,二者的燃烧速率均为0mm/min;
将厚度为3mm,密度为25kg/m3、极限氧指数为23.0%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(上海鑫源新材料科技有限公司),与本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3通过火焰复合制得阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物。
实施例2
40克含磷阻燃水性聚氨酯的乳液(含固量40%,浙江传化股份有限公司TF-686)、2克有机硅阻燃交联剂(Silicone-9312)、20克(1-氧代-4-羟甲基-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷)(PEPA)、5克水滑石(江苏瑞佳化学有限公司)、0.5克烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐(江西斯莫生物化学有限公司抗静电剂P)、0.6克氧化镧(赣州立业稀土有限公司)分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将521.5克含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度约为290g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧,170℃焙烘60s,通过调控浸轧轧余率在80%,最终,得到本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1(539克),本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的面密度为301g/m2,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的极限氧指数为33.3%。将12克三芳基磷酸酯(IPPP)(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、20克环状磷酸酯(浙江传化股份有限公司TF-614)、0.4克阻燃抑烟剂三氧化二钼分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将516.2克阻燃无纺布(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度为112g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧,控制浸轧轧余率在100%,105℃预烘70s,195℃焙烘45s,制得阻燃衬垫底布3(质量约为530克,焙烘中有轻微的物料损失),最终,阻燃衬垫底布3面密度为115g/m2,阻燃衬垫底布3的极限氧指数为33.9%;
本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3的垂直燃烧速度分别为0mm/min和0mm/min,按GB8410-2006水平燃烧法测试,二者的燃烧速率均为0mm/min;
将厚度为3mm,密度为30kg/m3、极限氧指数为23.5%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(上海鑫源新材料科技有限公司),与本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3通过火焰复合制得阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物。
实施例3
40克含磷阻燃水性聚氨酯的乳液(含固量40%,浙江传化股份有限公司TF-686)、2克有机硅阻燃交联剂(Silicone-9312)、20克(1-氧代-4-羟甲基-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷)(PEPA)、5克水滑石(江苏瑞佳化学有限公司)、0.5克烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐(江西斯莫生物化学有限公司抗静电剂P)、0.5克氧化锌(济源市鲁泰纳米材料有限公司)分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将521克含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度约为290g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧,170℃焙烘60s,通过调控浸轧轧余率在90%,最终,得到本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1(540克),所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的面密度为301g/m2,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的极限氧指数为33.9%。
将12克三芳基磷酸酯(IPPP)(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、20克环状磷酸酯(浙江传化股份有限公司TF-614)、0.4克阻燃抑烟剂三氧化二钼分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将516.2克阻燃无纺布(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度为112g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧,控制浸轧轧余率在100%,105℃预烘70s,195℃焙烘45s,制得阻燃衬垫底布3(质量约为530克,焙烘中有轻微的物料损失),最终,阻燃衬垫底布3面密度为115g/m2,阻燃衬垫底布3的极限氧指数为34.7%;
本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3的垂直燃烧速度分别为5mm/min和8mm/min,按GB8410-2006水平燃烧法测试,二者的燃烧速率均为0mm/min;
将厚度为3mm,密度为28kg/m3、极限氧指数为23.5%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(上海鑫源新材料科技有限公司),与本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3通过胶水(常州市给力胶业有限公司)复合制得所述阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物。
实施例4
52.5克含磷阻燃水性聚氨酯的乳液(含固量40%,浙江传化股份有限公司TF-686)、2.5克有机硅阻燃交联剂(湖北新蓝天新材料股份限公司)、25克2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸(CEPPA,山东兴强阻燃科技有限公司)、5克硼酸锌(浙江旭森非卤消烟阻燃剂有限公司XS-ZB-2335)、0.6克烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐(江西斯莫生物化学有限公司抗静电剂P)、0.5克氧化锌(济源市鲁泰纳米材料有限公司)分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将526.8克含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度约为290g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧,175℃焙烘50s,通过调控浸轧轧余率在90%,最终,得到本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1(550克),本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的面密度为302g/m2,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的极限氧指数为35.0%。
将10克间苯二酚双(二苯基磷酸酯)(RDP)(江苏雅克科技有限公司)、3克间苯二酚四(2,6-二甲苯基)二磷酸酯(XDP)、5克磷酸苯基甲基苯酯(CDP)(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、8克二苯氧基磷酸苯胺(DPPP)(和夏化学(太仓)有限公司)、0.4克阻燃抑烟剂三氧化二钼分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将513.2克阻燃无纺布(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度为112g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧,控制浸轧轧余率在100%,105℃预烘70s,175℃焙烘45s,制得阻燃衬垫底布3(质量约为526克,焙烘中有轻微的物料损失),最终,阻燃衬垫底布3面密度为115g/m2,阻燃衬垫底布3的极限氧指数为34.9%;
本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3的垂直燃烧速度分别为0mm/min和4mm/min,按GB8410-2006水平燃烧法测试,二者的燃烧速率均为0mm/min;
将厚度为3mm,密度为35kg/m3、极限氧指数为23.5%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(上海鑫源新材料科技有限公司),与本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3通过热熔胶(苏州科斯锐胶粘科技有限公司)复合制得所述阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物。
实施例5
26.25克含磷阻燃水性聚氨酯的乳液(含固量40%,浙江传化股份有限公司TF-686),2.5克有机硅阻燃交联剂(湖北新蓝天新材料股份限公司)、30克六苯氧基环三瞵晴(HPTCP)(江苏雅克科技有限公司)、10克9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)、1克苯磺酰基苯磺酸钾(KSS)(上海鲁聚聚合物技术有限公司)、0.8克烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐(江西斯莫生物化学有限公司抗静电剂P)分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将527克含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度约为240g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,两浸两轧,170℃焙烘60s,通过调控浸轧轧余率在100%,最终,得到本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1(554克),所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的面密度为252g/m2,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的极限氧指数为35.5%。
将10克磷酸三(二甲苯)酯(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、5克间苯二酚双(二苯基磷酸酯)(RDP)(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、2克磷酸苯基甲基苯酯(CDP)(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、8克季戊四醇笼状磷酸酯PEPA(1-氧代-4-羟甲基-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷)(广州喜嘉化工有限公司)、0.5克阻燃抑烟剂磷钼酸钙分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将513克阻燃无纺布(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度为112g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,两浸两轧,控制浸轧轧余率在100%,105℃预烘70s,175℃焙烘45s,制得阻燃衬垫底布3(质量约为525克,焙烘中有轻微的物料损失),最终,阻燃衬垫底布3面密度为115g/m2,阻燃衬垫底布3的极限氧指数为35.4%;
本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3的垂直燃烧速度分别为0mm/min和0mm/min,按GB8410-2006水平燃烧法测试,二者的燃烧速率均为0mm/min;
将厚度为3mm,密度为40kg/m3、极限氧指数为23.8%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(上海鑫源新材料科技有限公司),与本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3通过火焰复合制得阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物。
实施例6
15克含磷阻燃水性聚氨酯的乳液(含固量40%,浙江传化股份有限公司TF-686)、2.5克有机硅阻燃交联剂(上海西润化工科技有限公司XR-501)、30克聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯(PSPPP)(福建仁宏医药化工有限公司)、5克[(6-氧-(6H)-二苯并-(CE)(1,2)-氧磷杂已环-6-酮)甲基]-丁二酸DOPO-DDP(江苏汇鸿金普化工有限公司)、0.5克苯磺酰基苯磺酸钾(KSS)(上海鲁聚聚合物技术有限公司)、0.5克全氟丁基磺酸钾(PPFBS)、0.7克烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐(江西斯莫生物化学有限公司抗静电剂P)、0.8克碳酸镍(江西核工业兴中科技有限公司)分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将522克含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度约为320g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,两浸两轧,170℃焙烘60s,通过调控浸轧轧余率在100%,最终,得到本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1(544克),所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的面密度为333g/m2,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的极限氧指数为35.5%。
将10克磷酸三(二甲苯)酯(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、5克间苯二酚双(二苯基磷酸酯)(RDP)(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、2克磷酸苯基甲基苯酯(CDP)(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、8克螺环磷酸酯PDD-PEPA(按文献合成,以含季戊四醇骨架的螺环磷酸酯二酰氯(PDD)和双环笼状磷酸酯(PEPA)为反应物,合成既有螺环又有双环笼状的磷酸酯阻燃剂PDD-PEPA,具体参照《华南理工大学学报(自然科学版)》,2014,42(10):25-30)、0.5克阻燃抑烟剂磷钼酸钙、0.5克磷钼酸铵分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将526克阻燃无纺布(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度为150g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,两浸两轧,控制浸轧轧余率在100%,105℃预烘70s,195℃焙烘50s,制得阻燃衬垫底布3(质量约为552克,焙烘中有轻微的物料损失),最终,阻燃衬垫底布3面密度为157g/m2,阻燃衬垫底布3的极限氧指数为35.6%;
本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3的垂直燃烧速度分别为0mm/min和0mm/min,按GB8410-2006水平燃烧法测试,二者的燃烧速率均为0mm/min;
将厚度为3mm,密度为25kg/m3、极限氧指数为22.8%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(江苏绿源新材料有限公司),与本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3通过火焰复合制得阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物。
实施例7
25克含磷阻燃水性聚氨酯的乳液(含固量40%,浙江传化股份有限公司TF-686)、2.5克有机硅阻燃交联剂(上海西润化工科技有限公司XR-501)、25克三(1-氧代-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷-4-亚甲基)磷酸酯(TRIMER)(江苏雅克科技有限公司)、10-(2,5-二羟基苯基)-10-氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO-HQ)(江苏汇鸿金普化工有限公司)、0.5克苯磺酰基苯磺酸钾(KSS)(上海鲁聚聚合物技术有限公司)、0.5克全氟丁基磺酸钾(PPFBS)(上海鲁聚聚合物技术有限公司)、0.8克烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐(江西斯莫生物化学有限公司)、1克4A沸石(宁波嘉和新材料科技有限公司)分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将522克含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度约为320g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,两浸两轧,170℃焙烘60s,通过调控浸轧轧余率在100%,最终,得到本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1(544克),所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的面密度为333g/m2,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的极限氧指数为35.9%。
将10克磷酸三(二甲苯)酯(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、8克磷酸三(丁氧基乙基)酯(TBEP)(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、12克二苯氧基磷酸苯胺(DPPP)(和夏化学(太仓)有限公司)、0.5克阻燃抑烟剂磷钼酸钙、0.5克磷钼酸铵,1克苯磺酰基苯磺酸钾(KSS)分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将516克阻燃无纺布(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度为160g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,两浸两轧,控制浸轧轧余率在100%,105℃预烘70s,195℃焙烘50s,制得阻燃衬垫底布3(质量约为532克,焙烘中有轻微的物料损失),最终,阻燃衬垫底布3面密度为165g/m2,阻燃衬垫底布3的极限氧指数35.8%;
本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3的垂直燃烧速度分别为0mm/min和0mm/min,按GB8410-2006水平燃烧法测试,二者的燃烧速率均为0mm/min;
将厚度为5mm,密度为28kg/m3、极限氧指数为22.7%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(江苏绿源新材料有限公司),与本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3通过火焰复合制得所述阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物。
实施例8
25克含磷阻燃水性聚氨酯的乳液(含固量40%,浙江传化股份有限公司TF-686)、2.5克有机硅阻燃交联剂(上海西润化工科技有限公司XR-501)、25克三(1-氧代-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷-4-亚甲基)磷酸酯(TRIMER)(江苏雅克科技有限公司)、10-(2,5-二羟基苯基)-10-氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO-HQ)(江苏汇鸿金普化工有限公司)、0.5克苯磺酰基苯磺酸钾(KSS)(上海鲁聚聚合物技术有限公司)、0.5克全氟丁基磺酸钾(PPFBS)(上海鲁聚聚合物技术有限公司)、0.8克烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐(江西斯莫生物化学有限公司)、)0.8克碳酸镍(江西核工业兴中科技有限公司)、0.5克水杨醛肟铜络合物(CuSAO)(按照文献合成:DY Wang,Y Liu,YZ Wang,CP Artiles,TR Hull,.DPrice.Fire retardancy of a reactively extruded intumescent flame retardantpolyethylene system enhanced by metal chelates.Polymer Degradation andStability 2007,92:1592-1598)分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将522克含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度约为320g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,两浸两轧,170℃焙烘60s,通过调控浸轧轧余率在100%,最终,得到本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1(544克),所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的面密度为333g/m2,本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1的极限氧指数为35.9%。
将10克磷酸三(二甲苯)酯(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、8克磷酸三(丁氧基乙基)酯(TBEP)(浙江万盛股份有限公司)、12克二苯氧基磷酸苯胺(DPPP)(和夏化学(太仓)有限公司)、0.5克阻燃抑烟剂磷钼酸钙、0.5克磷钼酸铵,1克苯磺酰基苯磺酸钾(KSS)、1克全氟丁基磺酸钾(PPFBS)分散于1000克水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将516克阻燃针织网眼布(杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,基布面密度为30g/m2)浸入浸轧槽,两浸两轧,控制浸轧轧余率在100%,105℃预烘70s,195℃焙烘50s,制得阻燃衬垫底布3(质量约为532克,焙烘中有轻微的物料损失),最终,阻燃衬垫底布3面密度为31g/m2,阻燃衬垫底布3的极限氧指数35.9%;
本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和所述阻燃衬垫底布3的垂直燃烧速度分别为0mm/min和0mm/min,按GB8410-2006水平燃烧法测试,二者的燃烧速率均为0mm/min;
将厚度为5mm,密度为28kg/m3、极限氧指数为22.7%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(江苏绿源新材料有限公司),与本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1和阻燃衬垫底布3通过火焰复合制得所述阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物。
对比例1
将厚度为5mm,密度为25kg/m3、极限氧指数为22.7%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(江苏绿源新材料有限公司),与芳纶1313纤维阻燃布(江苏天鸟高新技术股份有限公司,LOI为28.2%)和永久阻燃无纺布(阻燃衬垫布,杭州湘隽纺织阻燃科技有限公司,LOI为32.9%)通过火焰复合制得阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物对比样品1。
对比例2
将厚度为3mm,密度为25kg/m3、极限氧指数为22.8%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(上海鑫源新材料科技有限公司),与改性晴纶纤维阻燃布(江苏天鸟高新技术股份有限公司,LOI为42.0%)和实施例7中阻燃衬垫底布3(LOI为35.8%)通过火焰复合制得阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物对比样品2。
对比例3
将厚度为3mm,密度为25kg/m3、极限氧指数为45.0%的三聚氰胺海绵(河南省濮阳市纳米海绵制品有限公司),与预氧化纤维阻燃布(江苏天鸟高新技术股份有限公司,LOI为45.0%)和实施例7中阻燃衬垫底布3(LOI为35.8%)通过热熔复合(热熔胶为苏州科斯锐胶粘科技有限公司产品)制得阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物对比样品3(三聚氰胺海绵在火焰复合中不熔融,无法通过火焰复合来制备阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物)。
对比例4
将厚度为3mm,密度为25kg/m3、极限氧指数为45.0%的三聚氰胺海绵(河南省濮阳市纳米海绵制品有限公司),与两块预氧化纤维阻燃布(江苏天鸟高新技术股份有限公司,LOI为45.0%)通过胶水(胶水为常州市给力胶业有限公司产品)复合,制得阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物对比样品4(三聚氰胺海绵在火焰复合中不熔融,无法通过火焰复合来制备阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物)。
对比例5
将厚度为3mm,密度为25kg/m3、极限氧指数为22.8%的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵2(上海鑫源新材料科技有限公司),与两块预氧化纤维阻燃布(江苏天鸟高新技术股份有限公司,LOI为45.0%)通过火焰复合,制得阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物对比样品5。
表1为阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物样品的阻燃性能,相关指标比复合前单独的本质阻燃汽车内饰面料1或阻燃衬垫底布3较差,但实施例1-7的阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物样品均满足《客车内饰材料的燃烧特性》要求:极限氧指数≥28%;水平燃烧法测试其等级不低于B级;要求垂直燃烧速度≤100mm/min,按GB/T8627-2007测试,烟密度等级(SDR)≤75。表2为阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物样品的阻燃性能应用性能,可以看出本发明产品具有良好的应用性能。
表1阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物样品的阻燃性能
表2阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物样品的应用性能

Claims (9)

1.一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物,包括本质阻燃汽车内饰面料(1)、阻燃衬垫底布(3),以及位于两者之间的软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵(2),所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料(1)和所述阻燃衬垫底布(3)与所述软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵(2)通过火焰复合、热熔胶复合或胶水复合手段实现复合,其特征在于:所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料(1)由含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物经功能整理而成,所述含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物具有共聚的磷系阻燃结构;所述功能整理是指:采用功能材料在所述含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物上进行功能化的后整理,100重量份的本质阻燃汽车内饰面料(1)含有以下功能材料:0.1-2.5重量份的含磷阻燃聚氨酯、0.03-0.3重量份的有机硅阻燃交联剂、0.15-3.0重量份的低迁移性含磷阻燃剂及0.1-1.2重量份的可与磷系阻燃协同增效的无卤环保阻燃协效剂、0.03-0.3重量份成炭催化剂和0.03-0.1重量份的烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐抗静电剂,所述含磷阻燃聚氨酯是水性含磷阻燃聚氨酯助剂经高温焙烘脱除水份后粘附于含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物而形成;
所述阻燃衬垫底布(3)是由阻燃无纺布、阻燃机织物或阻燃针织物经功能整理而成,100重量份的阻燃衬垫底布(3)含有以下功能材料: 0.1-1.2重量份的阻燃柔软剂、0.6-12.0重量份的含磷阻燃整理剂及0.03-1.0重量份的阻燃抑烟剂;
所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料(1)和所述阻燃衬垫底布(3)的极限氧指数均超过32.0%,并且所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料(1)和所述阻燃衬垫底布(3)的垂直燃烧速度相差不超过20mm/min,水平燃烧速率相差不超过20mm/min,所述软质聚氨酯泡沫海绵(2)的极限氧指数在22.0%-26.0%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物,其特征在于,所述含磷阻燃聚氨酯是通过将水性含磷阻燃聚氨酯乳液经高温焙烘而粘附于含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物而形成,所述有机硅阻燃交联剂是带环氧基团的有机硅烷交联剂。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物,其特征在于,所述低迁移性含磷阻燃剂为二乙基次膦酸铝、二乙基次膦酸锌、甲基乙基次膦酸锌、含磷DOPO-笼型低聚硅倍半氧烷(DOPO-POSS)、( 1-氧代-4-羟甲基-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷)(PEPA)、三(1-氧代-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷-4-亚甲基)磷酸酯(TRIMER)、2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸、六苯氧基环三瞵晴(HPTCP)、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯 (PSPPP)、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、聚磷酸铵、9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)、[(6-氧-(6H)-二苯并-(CE)(1,2)-氧磷杂已环-6-酮)甲基]-丁二酸DOPO-DDP、10-(2,5-二羟基苯基)-10-氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO-HQ)中一种或多种;
所述的可与磷系阻燃协同增效的无卤环保阻燃协效剂,选自氮系阻燃剂、硫系阻燃剂、无机氢氧化物阻燃剂、有机硼系阻燃剂、硅系阻燃剂、无机锌系阻燃协效剂、多羟基成炭剂中一种或多种;
所述成炭催化剂为4A沸石、氧化锌、氧化镧、水杨醛铜络合物(CuSA)、水杨醛肟铜络合物(CuSAO)、水杨醛肟络合物(NiSAO)、碳酸镍中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物,其特征在于:所述的硫系阻燃剂是有机磺酸盐型阻燃剂,其质量分数为本质阻燃汽车内饰面料(1)质量的0.1%-0.4%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物,其特征在于:所述的有机磺酸盐型阻燃剂是苯磺酰基苯磺酸钾(KSS)或全氟丁基磺酸钾(PPFBS),其质量分数为本质阻燃汽车内饰面料(1)质量的0.1%-0.3%。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物,其特征在于:所述含磷阻燃整理剂包括环状磷酸酯、笼型磷酸酯、螺状磷酸酯、二苯氧基磷酸苯胺(DPPP)中一种或多种,所述阻燃柔软剂包括有机磷酸酯增塑阻燃剂、阻燃硅油一种或两种。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物,其特征在于:所述有机磷酸酯增塑阻燃剂为双酚A双(磷酸二苯酯)(BDP)、磷酸三(丁氧基乙基)酯(TBEP)、间苯二酚双(二苯基磷酸酯)(RDP)、间苯二酚四(2,6-二甲苯基)二磷酸酯(XDP)、磷酸苯基甲基苯酯(CDP)、三芳基磷酸酯(IPPP)、磷酸三甲苯酯(TCP)、磷酸三(二甲苯)酯中一种或多种,所述阻燃抑烟剂为三氧化二钼、八钼酸铵、磷钼酸钙、磷钼酸铵中一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物,其特征在于:所述本质阻燃汽车内饰面料(1)通过以下方法制备得到:将所述含磷阻燃聚氨酯助剂、所述有机硅阻燃交联剂、所述低迁移性含磷阻燃剂、所述无卤环保阻燃协效剂和烷基磷酸酯二乙醇胺盐抗静电剂分散于水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将所述含磷永久阻燃涤纶织物浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧或两浸两轧,150-180℃焙烘40-75s;
所述阻燃衬垫底布(3)通过以下方法制备得到:将所述阻燃柔软剂、含磷阻燃整理剂、所述阻燃抑烟剂分散于水中,分散均匀后,转入浸轧槽中,再将所述垫衬底布浸入浸轧槽,一浸一轧或两浸两轧,通过预烘或预烘、焙烘工艺,其中,预烘工艺为105-120℃保持40-80s,焙烘工艺为170-195℃保持35-75s。
9.一种如权利要求1的阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物的应用,其特征在于:所述阻燃汽车内饰面料复合物应用于小汽车或客车的座椅、安全座椅、顶棚、门板、扶手。
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