CN106613639A - Grafting seedling growing method of Malus spectabilis - Google Patents
Grafting seedling growing method of Malus spectabilis Download PDFInfo
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- CN106613639A CN106613639A CN201611012400.XA CN201611012400A CN106613639A CN 106613639 A CN106613639 A CN 106613639A CN 201611012400 A CN201611012400 A CN 201611012400A CN 106613639 A CN106613639 A CN 106613639A
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- scion
- stock
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a grafting seedling growing method of Malus spectabilis. The method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) a seedling of Malus spectabilis or Malus halliana are selected as a grafting stock, the stock is cut at the position 15-20 cm above the ground and stock treatment solution is spread on the stock, the stock treatment solution is a mixed solution of white vinegar, glycerol and zeatin; meanwhile, a raw branch of the current year is picked as a scion, the raw branch grows healthily, is good in lignifying degree, has plump buds evenly distributed and does not have any insect diseases, the length of the picked raw branch is 10-20 cm, the length of the scion is 3-4 cm, the thickness of the scion is 0.3-0.5 cm, a basal part of the scion is cut into a long cut face and a short cut face, scion treatment solution is spread on the cut faces, and the scion treatment solution is a suspending liquid of glutinous rice paste and iron oxide; (2) the stock and the scion subjected to treatment separately are grafted with a cutting grafting method; (3) a connecting part is sealed with wax; and (4) a full illumination constant temperature environment is maintained in the first 3 to 7 days after grafting, and stock sprouts are removed after the scion sprouts. The method can solve the problems of long sowing and seedling growing period, low survival rate and slow growth of Malus spectabilis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gardens flowers and trees seedling-raising technique field, more particularly to a kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of Chinese flowering crabapple.
Background technology
Chinese flowering crabapple (scientific name：Malus spectabilis(Ait.)Borkh)：Arbor, it is high up to 8 meters；Sprig is sturdy, circle
Cylindricality, has pubescence when young, gradually come off, bronzing or puce when old, without hair.In recent years, as the Malus spectabilis of traditional flowers and trees
Flower is even more and has obtained extensive plantation.In park, office, school, factory, scenic spot, its pretty posture can be seen, all over China
Everywhere, the figure of Malus spectabilis is nowhere loseed.
Chinese flowering crabapple seedling growth is slow, and just can be bloomed after 5-6, and often produces qualitative variation, therefore only as stock
Cultivate and crossbreeding is used.The multiplex grafting breeding of garden-variety, with dwarf apple or Malus spectabilis seedling stock, scion grafting, bud are made
Connect can, scion grafting can use cut-grafting, cleft graft, bud to connect multiplex " fourth " font connection, and plant division multirow is before early spring non-rudiment or the autumn
After winter fallen leaves, existing graft survival rate is not high, and about 70% or so, in order to improve graft survival rate, conventional method is
Scion is dipped into grafting after Wound-healing agent, but, traditional Wound-healing agent can produce impact to the speed of growth of plant, no
Beneficial to shortening growing-seedling period.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of growing-seedling period is short, survival rate is high, fast growth Chinese flowering crabapple is educated
Seedling-growing method, the present invention provides technical scheme below：
A kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of Chinese flowering crabapple, comprises the following steps：
(1), the process of stock and scion：It is graft stock to choose Chinese flowering crabapple seedling or hall crabapple flower seedling, will
Stock is blocked and brushing stock treatment fluid at 15-20cm on the ground, and the stock treatment fluid is that sticky rice syrup is suspended with iron oxide
Liquid；Meanwhile, growth selection is healthy and strong, degree of lignification is good, bud is full and is evenly distributed, the annual shoot of no disease and pests harm is scion,
It is 10-20cm to adopt bar length, and scion length is 3-4cm, and scion rugosity is 0.3-0.5cm, and scion base portion is whittled into two bevels,
One is long and the other is short, the brushing scion treatment fluid at bevel, and the scion treatment fluid is light-coloured vinegar, the mixing of glycerine, zeatin is water-soluble
Liquid；Stock brushing stock treatment fluid is carried out simultaneously with scion brushing scion treatment fluid；
Chinese flowering crabapple seedling growth is slow, and just can be bloomed after 5-6, therefore Chinese flowering crabapple is frequently with the side of graft seedling growth
Method, traditional engrafting method wound healing time length, survival rate are only 70% or so and, the present invention higher to the quality requirements of scion
Before grafting, treatment fluid brushing is carried out to stock and scion respectively, stock treatment fluid and scion treatment fluid are respectively provided with itself necessarily
Stickiness, when stock is contacted with scion, two kinds for the treatment of fluids bond rapidly, and wherein to produce chemistry anti-for light-coloured vinegar and ferric oxide particles
Should, the ferrous ion docking port healing of generation can play significant facilitation；Simultaneously the zeatin in scion treatment fluid with
The cooperation of glycerine can promote the speed of scion rudiment, the sticky rice syrup in stock treatment fluid also to have one for suppression stock sprout tillers
Fixed effect, two kinds for the treatment of fluids in the present invention complement each other, work in coordination, for the graft survival rate of Chinese flowering crabapple has significantly
Effect.
(2), grafting：Grafting will be carried out using cut-grafting method with scion respectively through the stock for processing, grafting is applied in stock
Carry out in 3-5min after brush stock treatment fluid, scion brushing scion treatment fluid；Light-coloured vinegar in order to prevent scion treatment fluid is waved
Send out, the sticky rice syrup solidification in stock treatment fluid, therefore grafting needs to be immediately begun to after brushing treatment fluid.
(3), seal with wax：Sealed with wax scion using thermostatic water-bath method, the time of sealing with wax is less than 2s；Sealing with wax can further promote to connect
The healing of mouth.
(4), managing after grafting：Keep full exposure isoperibol within 3-7 days before grafting, stock sprout tillers is removed after scion rudiment.
Keep full exposure environmental benefits in the photosynthesis of scion, rudiment can be promoted, the sprout tillers that on the other hand will also result in stock shows
As in order to prevent sprout tillers from expending nutrient, needing to be removed.
Further, the sticky rice syrup of stock treatment fluid and the mass ratio of iron oxide are 10-12 in step (1):1, wherein glutinous
Rice ＆ peanut milk presses 1 by ripe glutinous rice flour and water:The mass ratio of 3-4 is formulated；In scion treatment fluid containing light-coloured vinegar 0.5-0.6g/L, the third three
Alcohol 2-5g/L, zeatin 1-2mg/L, remaining is water.Due to iron oxide it is water insoluble, therefore, in order that it is attached to stock, will
Its stock treatment fluid adhesive force being mixed to form with sticky rice syrup under suspension, said ratio is stronger；It is white in the scion process
On the one hand vinegar is used to adjust pH value, on the other hand for participating in the reaction of formation of ferrous ion, zeatin and the third three in the present invention
Alcohol coordinate callus can be promoted to germinate, the scion treatment fluid pH value under said ratio be 4-5, promote rudiment ability compared with
By force.
Further, the sticky rice syrup of stock treatment fluid and the mass ratio of iron oxide are 10 in step (1):1, wherein sticky rice syrup
1 is pressed by ripe glutinous rice flour and water:3.5 mass ratio is formulated；Contain light-coloured vinegar 0.55g/L, glycerine 3.5g/ in scion treatment fluid
L, zeatin 1.5mg/L, remaining is water.
Further, it is graft stock hall crabapple flower to be chosen in step (1), and hall crabapple flower is belonged to together with Chinese flowering crabapple, affinity
By force, the speed of growth is fast compared with Chinese flowering crabapple, therefore can shorten growing-seedling period as graft stock from hall crabapple flower, accelerates grafting
The speed of growth.
Further, keep 20-25 DEG C of constant temperature full exposure environment within 3-7 days before grafting in step (4), remove after scion rudiment
Stock sprout tillers 3-4 time.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is：Can by Chinese flowering crabapple growing-seedling period foreshorten to 15-20 days, survival rate improve to
More than 85%, traditional grafting method is substantially better than using the Chinese flowering crabapple growing way of the grafting seedlings-growing method grafting of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1,
A kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of Chinese flowering crabapple, comprises the following steps：
(1), the process of stock and scion：It is graft stock to choose Chinese flowering crabapple seedling, will be cut at stock on the ground 15cm
Disconnected and brushing stock treatment fluid；Meanwhile, growth selection is healthy and strong, degree of lignification is good, bud is full and be evenly distributed, no disease and pests harm
Annual shoot is scion, and it is 10-20cm to adopt bar length, and scion length is 3-4cm, and scion rugosity is 0.3-0.5cm, scion base
Portion is whittled into two bevels, and one is long and the other is short, and the brushing scion treatment fluid at bevel, stock brushing stock treatment fluid connects with scion brushing
Fringe treatment fluid is carried out simultaneously；The sticky rice syrup of the stock treatment fluid is 10 with the mass ratio of iron oxide:1, wherein sticky rice syrup is by ripe
Glutinous rice flour presses 1 with water:3.5 mass ratio is formulated；Contain light-coloured vinegar 0.55g/L, glycerine 3.5g/L, jade in scion treatment fluid
Rice element 1.5mg/L, remaining is water.
(2), grafting：Grafting will be carried out using cut-grafting method with scion respectively through the stock for processing, grafting is applied in stock
Carry out in 3-5min after brush stock treatment fluid, scion brushing scion treatment fluid.
(3), seal with wax：Sealed with wax scion using thermostatic water-bath method, the time of sealing with wax is less than 2s；Sealing with wax can further promote to connect
The healing of mouth.
(4), managing after grafting：Keep 20-25 DEG C of full exposure isoperibol within 3-7 days before grafting, after scion rudiment anvil is removed
Wooden sprout tillers.
Embodiment 2,
A kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of Chinese flowering crabapple, comprises the following steps：
(1), the process of stock and scion：It is graft stock to choose hall crabapple flower seedling, at stock on the ground 15cm
Block and brushing stock treatment fluid；Meanwhile, growth selection is healthy and strong, degree of lignification is good, bud is full and be evenly distributed, no disease and pests harm
Annual shoot be scion, adopt bar length for 10-20cm, scion length is 3-4cm, and scion rugosity is 0.3-0.5cm, scion
Base portion is whittled into two bevels, and one is long and the other is short, the brushing scion treatment fluid at bevel；Stock brushing stock treatment fluid and scion brushing
Scion treatment fluid is carried out simultaneously；
The sticky rice syrup of the stock treatment fluid is 10 with the mass ratio of iron oxide:1, wherein sticky rice syrup is by ripe glutinous rice flour and water
By 1:3.5 mass ratio is formulated；Contain light-coloured vinegar 0.55g/L, glycerine 3.5g/L, zeatin 1.5mg/ in scion treatment fluid
L, remaining is water.
(2), grafting：Grafting will be carried out using cut-grafting method with scion respectively through the stock for processing, grafting is applied in stock
Carry out in 3-5min after brush stock treatment fluid, scion brushing scion treatment fluid.
(3), seal with wax：Sealed with wax scion using thermostatic water-bath method, the time of sealing with wax is less than 2s.
(4), managing after grafting：Keep full exposure isoperibol within 3-7 days before grafting, stock sprout tillers 3- is removed after scion rudiment
4 times.
Embodiment 3,
A kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of Chinese flowering crabapple, comprises the following steps：
(1), the process of stock and scion：It is graft stock to choose hall crabapple flower seedling, at stock on the ground 15cm
Block and brushing stock treatment fluid；Meanwhile, growth selection is healthy and strong, degree of lignification is good, bud is full and be evenly distributed, no disease and pests harm
Annual shoot be scion, adopt bar length for 10-20cm, scion length is 3-4cm, and scion rugosity is 0.3-0.5cm, scion
Base portion is whittled into two bevels, and one is long and the other is short, the brushing scion treatment fluid at bevel；Stock brushing stock treatment fluid and scion brushing
Scion treatment fluid is carried out simultaneously；
The sticky rice syrup of stock treatment fluid is 12 with the mass ratio of iron oxide:1, wherein sticky rice syrup presses 1 by ripe glutinous rice flour and water:
4 mass ratio is formulated；Contain light-coloured vinegar 0.5g/L, glycerine 2g/L, zeatin 1mg/L in scion treatment fluid, remaining is water.
(2), grafting：Grafting will be carried out using cut-grafting method with scion respectively through the stock for processing, grafting is applied in stock
Carry out in 3-5min after brush stock treatment fluid, scion brushing scion treatment fluid.
(3), seal with wax：Sealed with wax scion using thermostatic water-bath method, the time of sealing with wax is less than 2s.
(4), managing after grafting：Keep full exposure isoperibol within 3-7 days before grafting, stock sprout tillers 3- is removed after scion rudiment
4 times.
Above-mentioned three kinds of embodiments are respectively used into Chinese flowering crabapple Experiment on graft reproduction, the examination of the survival rate, sprouting time that obtain
Test data as follows, wherein, comparative example is the stock using condition same as Example 2 and scion, the method for directly carrying out cut-grafting.
| Survival rate (%) | Sprouting time | |
| Embodiment 1 | 85.1 | 15-18d |
| Embodiment 2 | 90.4 | 13-17d |
| Embodiment 3 | 86.3 | 14-17d |
| Comparative example | 68.0 | 21-24d |
Knowable to analysis upper table, this kind of Chinese flowering crabapple is compared using hall crabapple flower shorter as graft stock sprouting time；Using
The treatment fluid proportioning survival rate of embodiment 2 is higher, sprouting time is shorter；Traditional grafting side is compared using the processing method of the present invention
Method survival rate is significantly improved, sprouting time substantially shortens.
With above-mentioned foundation desirable embodiment of the present invention as enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff is complete
Various change and modification can be carried out in the range of without departing from this invention technological thought.This invention it is technical
Scope is not limited to the content on specification, it is necessary to its technical scope is determined according to right.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of Chinese flowering crabapple, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）, stock and scion process：It is graft stock to choose Chinese flowering crabapple seedling or hall crabapple flower seedling, by stock
Block at 15-20cm on the ground and brushing stock treatment fluid, the stock treatment fluid is the suspension of sticky rice syrup and iron oxide；Together
When, growth selection is healthy and strong, degree of lignification is good, bud is full and is evenly distributed, the annual shoot of no disease and pests harm is scion, adopts bar long
Spend for 10-20cm, scion length is 3-4cm, scion rugosity is 0.3-0.5cm, scion base portion is whittled into two bevels, a length one
Short, the brushing scion treatment fluid at bevel, the scion treatment fluid is light-coloured vinegar, glycerine, the mixed aqueous solution of zeatin；Stock
Brushing stock treatment fluid is carried out simultaneously with scion brushing scion treatment fluid；
（2）, grafting：Grafting will be carried out using cut-grafting method respectively through the stock for processing and scion, grafting is in stock brushing anvil
Carry out in 3-5min after wooden treatment fluid, scion brushing scion treatment fluid；
（3）, seal with wax：Sealed with wax scion using thermostatic water-bath method, the time of sealing with wax is less than 2s；
（4）, managing after grafting：Keep full exposure isoperibol within 3-7 days before grafting, stock sprout tillers is removed after scion rudiment.
2. a kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of Chinese flowering crabapple as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that；Step（1）Middle stock is processed
The sticky rice syrup of liquid is 10-12 with the mass ratio of iron oxide:1, wherein sticky rice syrup presses 1 by ripe glutinous rice flour and water:The mass ratio of 3-4 is matched somebody with somebody
System is formed；Contain light-coloured vinegar 0.5-0.6g/L, glycerine 2-5g/L, zeatin 1-2mg/L in scion treatment fluid, remaining is water.
3. a kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of Chinese flowering crabapple as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Middle stock is processed
The sticky rice syrup of liquid is 10 with the mass ratio of iron oxide:1, wherein sticky rice syrup presses 1 by ripe glutinous rice flour and water:3.5 mass ratio is prepared
Form；Contain light-coloured vinegar 0.55g/L, glycerine 3.5g/L, zeatin 0.15g/L in scion treatment fluid, remaining is water.
4. a kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of Chinese flowering crabapple as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）It is middle to choose the silk that hangs down
Malus spectabilis is graft stock.
5. a kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of Chinese flowering crabapple as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（4）3-7 before middle grafting
It keeps 20-25 DEG C of constant temperature full exposure environment, removing stock sprout tillers 3-4 time after scion rudiment.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN107912162A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-17 | 陈义龙 | The propagation method of Malus spectabilis |
| CN108029363A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-15 | 陈义龙 | The engrafting method of Malus spectabilis |
| CN108076879A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-29 | 陈义龙 | The double engrafting methods of Malus spectabilis |
| CN108124681A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-08 | 陈义龙 | Spend more the breeding method of Malus spectabilis |
| CN112262672A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-26 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | Method for cultivating ornamental malus spectabilis grafted seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |