CN106613091A - Cultivation method for crop rotation of globe artichoke and water-saving and drought-resistant rice - Google Patents

Abstract

A cultivation method for crop rotation of globe artichoke and water-saving and drought-resistant rice adopts a globe artichoke cultivation technology and a water-saving and drought-resistant rice cultivation technology, wherein the globe artichoke cultivation technology comprises the steps of variety selection, seedling raising, transplanting and preparation and field management, the water-saving and drought-resistant rice cultivation technology comprises the steps of plot preparation, variety selection, timely sowing, base fertilizer re-application, water management, weed prevent and control and disease and pest prevention and control. The cultivation method has the advantages that rotation crops are well jointed, the globe artichoke is rightly linked with the dry rice, and land resources and photo-thermal resources are effectively utilized; the benefit is good, 300 yuan can be increased per mu; water and fertilizers are effectively utilized, the globe artichoke is a crop needing a large amount of fertilizers and water, a great amount of fertilizers is still well utilized after harvesting and rightly facilitates growth of the water-saving and drought-resistant rice, straw obtained after dry rice harvesting can serve as an organic fertilizer for the globe artichoke, growth of the globe artichoke is promoted, and the two crops are promoted mutually; hosts and the cardinal number of their diseases and pests can be decreased and disease and pest harm is relieved through crop rotation.

Description

A kind of globe artichoke and the cultural method of saving water, resisting drought rice crop rotation

Technical field

The present invention relates to the cultivation technology method of two kinds of shift of crops, and in particular to a kind of globe artichoke is taken turns with saving water, resisting drought rice The cultural method of work.

Background technology

A kind of high-grade vegetables of high benefit that globe artichoke Shi Wo cities introduce for 2005 from Spain, annual September part sowing, 10 Month transplants, and the Second Year 3-5 months harvest, and always with cotton interplanting, the crop linking of two seasons is fine, mutually promotes, Mutualism.This Plant cultivation mode rationally effectively, adopted by most peasant households.

2014, China eliminated the continuous cotton carried out 3 years and stores up policy temporarily, and target price new policies are not real OK, Cotton Production decline in benefits, or even sustain losses in business, it is strong that peasant replants purpose.The ground such as western Dongting Lake directorial area, the Lixian County in the city are for we The important commodity cotton base of state.Under the influence of this new policies, cotton grower needs badly and finds new outlet.

Saving water, resisting drought rice, to simple and laborsaving cultivation and the adaptability of mechanization production, becomes cotton with stronger drought tolerance, yielding ability Field replants the selection of efficient plantation.

The content of the invention

Present invention aim at providing the cultural method of a kind of globe artichoke and saving water, resisting drought rice crop rotation.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：

A kind of globe artichoke and the cultural method of saving water, resisting drought rice crop rotation, comprise the steps：

（One）Globe artichoke cultivation technique

（1）Fruit variety

Breeding time suitable processing type kind is selected, mainly there is LORCA (labor card) and arithoke No.；

（2）Nursery

At the beginning of September, fair weather sowing is selected；Using nutritive cube nursery, dry seed, one piece of point, one kind are put；The little arch membrane of sowing after-frame, Film, wet down diseases prevention are taken off in time；

（3）Transplant and prepare

1. plot prepares；After upland rice harvesting, the stalk in field is stayed, and is ploughed deeply into soil, does fertilizer, and whole broken is raked；Rise Ridge, 1.2 meters of row spacing, ridge is to for north-south；Hold " three ditches " successfully, enclose 40 centimetres of ditch and waist ditch depth, furrow is deep 30 centimetres；Before transplanting, After selecting 1-2 days rainy day, soil drenches, and per mu of 50% Acetochlor 100-120ml of spray carries out weeding, immediately after epiphragma；

2. apply fertilizer；Fertilizer is disposably buried during ridging, by per mu apply 35 kilograms of purity nitrogen, 18 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 25 kilograms of potash fertilizer standard apply Fertilizer；Only apply foliage fertilizer later；

3. transplant；October early and middle ten dayses are transplanted, and now at 25-30 days, Ji seedling had 2-3 piece true leaves to seedling age；Planting density is 1.2 meters × 0.7 meter, that is, a ridge plants a line；Punching transplanting is carried out in face, root water is poured after cultivation；

（4）Field management

1. film is taken off in good time, clear good " three ditches "；After the Spring Festival, temperature gradually rises, and to take off film in time according to temperature, if taking off film mistake It is early, lose the meaning of epiphragma；If too late, easily cause hot and humid in film, burn out globe artichoke root system, and easy infection root rot； After taking off film, artificial weeding is carried out；Meanwhile, " three ditches " is cleared up, accomplish field without obvious ponding；

2. foliage fertilizer is sprayed；Adopt for the first time after flower bud, foliage application is carried out using potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the micro- fertilizer of amino acid multielement etc., carry High bud quality；

3. disease leaf and suckering plant are pinched and extractd in time；Top flower bud is extractd when stem length is to 30 centimetres, apical dominance is eliminated, is promoted Enter branch, favourable high yield；Meanwhile, suckering plant is pulled out, prevent the invalid absorption of nutrient；And extract sick leaf old leaf, be conducive to field Between ventilation and penetrating light and reduce pest and disease damage and grow place；

4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Globe artichoke insect pest is less, mainly aphid, early March mass treatment aphid 1 time, can flutter lice aphid 2 with 10% 000 times of liquid is sprayed 1 time, is optionally prevented and treated later；Disease mainly has root rot and empty stem droop, in hot and humid weather, often Mu 1 000 times of liquid of sharp antimycin, plus 50% phoxim, 500 times of pouring root preventing and treatings；Forbid the agricultural chemicals limited using national explicit order；

（Two）Saving water, resisting drought rice growing technology

（1）Plot prepares

Mid or late May, after globe artichoke harvesting is finished, stalk is extracted in time, clean out land for growing field crops；While plot is ploughed deeply, whole soil crushing, Reach Horizon, soil it is broken, without light and shade soil block, unrooted stubble；Rotary tillage after site preparation preplant treatment base fertilizer carries out whole layer placement of fertilizer preferably；

（2）Fruit variety

Saving water, resisting drought rice varieties from breeding time within 120 days, as non-irrigated excellent 113, Shanghai is excellent No. 2, breeding time is respectively 115d And 120d, strain is short anti-fall, and drought tolerance is good, is suitable to mechanization production；

（3）Begin sowing in good time

Plot it is whole it is good after, drying 2-3 days can sowing；After planting, if without rainfall, also can field water spray, it is conditional to fill Water；Our province rain day in May is more, and rainfall is also more abundant, and temperature is suitable, is conducive to germination to grow；In globe artichoke harvesting Sowing in time gulch, ingenious can smoothly be emerged using this natural conditions before afterwards rainwater arrives；Application rate is 2,000 grams/acre, sowing Mode typically makees drilling using flat, and 30 centimetres of line-spacing is sowed, 5 centimetres of ditch depth, 6 centimetres of sown scope after trench digging, and earthing is thick 2 centimetres；Broadcast To press when planting and after earthing（Step on）Real, practicable series of machine of having ready conditions is turned into industry；

（4）Heavy base fertilizer application

Plantation saving water, resisting drought rice must grasp heavy base fertilizer application, the principle of auxiliary spraying fertilizer；Base fertilizer typically paving apply 2000 kilograms of farm manure/ Mu, applies nitrogen, phosphorus, thousand grams/acre of potassium NPK 25-30,30,000 grams/acre of long-acting ammonium bicarbonate after trench digging（Or 15 kilograms of urea/ Mu）, 2,000 grams/acre of multielement micro-fertilizer；When concentrating fertilising, the unsuitable directly contact of seed and chemical fertilizer separates using soil；Topdress optionally Depending on, tillering stage takes the circumstances into consideration to chase after thousand grams/acre of urea 7.5-10 depending on growing way；For partially late-maturing plot, Qi Suihou was sprayed once every 7 days Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, consumption is 0.2 thousand grams/acre（To 30 kilograms of water）, spray 2 times；To later stage de- fertilizer plot, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate is being sprayed Add 1,000 grams/acre of urea during hydrogen potassium；

（5）Water management

In addition to using natural rainfall, generally can not pour water；Should manually subsidize during severe drought and pour water, frequency of irrigation and water Amount is depending on soil moisture content and saving water, resisting drought rice need regimen condition；In addition to because broadcasting front soil drought and should fill pre-sowing water, general seedling stage Do not pour water；After tiller, when leaf roll or wilting are suffered from drought in rice strain, timely moisturizing；Jointing stage, heading stage, pustulation period rice strain need water Amount is big, is also to determine yield and rice matter important period to moisture-sensitive；Need water peak period to pour water 2-3 time in upland rice fertility, can increase 20-30% is produced, and chalkness ratio is reduced；

（6）Management of weeds

The key of saving water, resisting drought rice production success or failure is to prevent and kill off weeds in field；Matched somebody with somebody from different herbicides depending on weeds species and radix Side, dispenser 2 times, the 1st time is that medicament soil is closed, wrapped with 35.3% pretilachlor one within after planting the 3rd day/mu is watered 75 kilograms of sprayings Carry out closing weeding（Soil must add big yield when dry, and this is to determine the important ring of medicament sealing effect, should be paid much attention to）；2nd It is secondary for weeds cauline leaf process, after emerging when 2 leaf of barnyard grass, select after fine day dew eliminating with 0.2 thousand grams/acre of butachlor and kill barnyard grass king 25 Gram/acre, or with 1.5 thousand grams/acre of 0.2 thousand grams/acre of butachlor plus propanil, to 50 kilograms of sprayings of water（The few ground of weeds radix over the years Block, can not also apply the 2nd medicine）；To prevent adverse effect of the herbicide to rice strain setting percentage, remove without chemistry as booting is latter Grass；If necessary, it is aided with artificial weeding；

（7）Prevent and treat disease pest

Use chemical control subterranean pest-insect；After emerging, if any mole cricket harm, 0.25 thousand grams/acre of refinement moisture soils 20,000 of metrifonate can be used Gram, earth's surface is sprinkling upon after mixing thoroughly；Before and after spike of rice cut, with counterpart chemical control false smut；The same paddy rice of other prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, 30 grams/acre of preventing and treating rice thripses of seedling stage Yong Uu worms amidine, per mu of two leaf stage sprays the high rush tiller of 50 grams of controls of paclobutrazol；Change in leaf roll snout moth's larva, two Per mu of snout moth's larva and planthopper preventing and treating phase rise 45 grams with rice, 5% 15 grams of Pi Ya Tong sprayings.

It is an advantage of the invention that：1st, crops for rotation are connected, and globe artichoke was transplanted at the beginning of 10 months, and the harvesting of mid or late May in next year is finished.Upland rice It is late May sowing, late September harvesting, breeding time, at 120 days or so, just in linking, is effectively utilized land resource and light Thermal resource.2nd, profitable, globe artichoke is a kind of winter fallow crop of high benefit, one mu of peasant planting, 1200 yuan of a globe artichoke left side It is right；Plant again one season upland rice, average yield per mu can increase income 300 yuan/mu up to 500kg.The nixed planting of globe artichoke and cotton on year-on-year basis, Income is much higher.3rd, liquid manure effectively utilizes, globe artichoke is a kind of crop of the big hypertrophy water of needs, is buried using covering with ground sheeting Fertile Root growth, after having gathered in, also many fertilizer are not utilized, and are just conducive to the growth of saving water, resisting drought rice.Upland rice is gathered in Stalk afterwards, can improve soil texture as the fertilizer of globe artichoke, be conducive to the growth of globe artichoke, two kinds of crops mutually to promote Enter.4th, pest and disease damage is few, and globe artichoke is that composite family cynara scolymus belongs to crop, and upland rice is gramineous crop.The pest and disease damage of two kinds of crops not phase Together, by crop rotation, it is possible to reduce the host of pest and disease damage and radix each other, disease pest harm is mitigated.

Specific embodiment

The following examples can illustrate in greater detail the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.

Embodiment 1：

A kind of globe artichoke and the cultural method of saving water, resisting drought rice crop rotation, comprise the steps：

（One）Globe artichoke cultivation technique

（1）Fruit variety

Breeding time suitable processing type kind is selected, mainly there is LORCA (labor card) and arithoke No.；

（2）Nursery

At the beginning of September, fair weather sowing is selected；Using nutritive cube nursery, dry seed, one piece of point, one kind are put；The little arch membrane of sowing after-frame, Film, wet down diseases prevention are taken off in time；

（3）Transplant and prepare

1. plot prepares；After upland rice harvesting, the stalk in field is stayed, and is ploughed deeply into soil, does fertilizer, and whole broken is raked；Rise Ridge, 1.2 meters of row spacing, ridge is to for north-south；Hold " three ditches " successfully, enclose 40 centimetres of ditch and waist ditch depth, furrow is deep 30 centimetres；Before transplanting, After selecting 1-2 days rainy day, soil drenches, and per mu of 50% Acetochlor 100-120ml of spray carries out weeding, immediately after epiphragma；

2. apply fertilizer；Fertilizer is disposably buried during ridging, by per mu apply 35 kilograms of purity nitrogen, 18 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 25 kilograms of potash fertilizer standard apply Fertilizer；Only apply foliage fertilizer later；

3. transplant；October early and middle ten dayses are transplanted, and now at 25-30 days, Ji seedling had 2-3 piece true leaves to seedling age；Planting density is 1.2 meters × 0.7 meter, that is, a ridge plants a line；Punching transplanting is carried out in face, root water is poured after cultivation；

（4）Field management

1. film is taken off in good time, clear good " three ditches "；After the Spring Festival, temperature gradually rises, and to take off film in time according to temperature, if taking off film mistake It is early, lose the meaning of epiphragma；If too late, easily cause hot and humid in film, burn out globe artichoke root system, and easy infection root rot； After taking off film, artificial weeding is carried out；Meanwhile, " three ditches " is cleared up, accomplish field without obvious ponding；

2. foliage fertilizer is sprayed；Adopt for the first time after flower bud, foliage application is carried out using potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the micro- fertilizer of amino acid multielement etc., carry High bud quality；

3. disease leaf and suckering plant are pinched and extractd in time；Top flower bud is extractd when stem length is to 30 centimetres, apical dominance is eliminated, is promoted Enter branch, favourable high yield；Meanwhile, suckering plant is pulled out, prevent the invalid absorption of nutrient；And extract sick leaf old leaf, be conducive to field Between ventilation and penetrating light and reduce pest and disease damage and grow place；

4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Globe artichoke insect pest is less, mainly aphid, early March mass treatment aphid 1 time, can flutter lice aphid 2 with 10% 000 times of liquid is sprayed 1 time, is optionally prevented and treated later；Disease mainly has root rot and empty stem droop, in hot and humid weather, often Mu 1 000 times of liquid of sharp antimycin, plus 50% phoxim, 500 times of pouring root preventing and treatings；Forbid the agricultural chemicals limited using national explicit order；

（Two）Saving water, resisting drought rice growing technology

（1）Plot prepares

Mid or late May, after globe artichoke harvesting is finished, stalk is extracted in time, clean out land for growing field crops；While plot is ploughed deeply, whole soil crushing, Reach Horizon, soil it is broken, without light and shade soil block, unrooted stubble；Rotary tillage after site preparation preplant treatment base fertilizer carries out whole layer placement of fertilizer preferably；

（2）Fruit variety

Saving water, resisting drought rice varieties from breeding time within 120 days, as non-irrigated excellent 113, Shanghai is excellent No. 2, breeding time is respectively 115d And 120d, strain is short anti-fall, and drought tolerance is good, is suitable to mechanization production；

（3）Begin sowing in good time

Plot it is whole it is good after, drying 2-3 days can sowing；After planting, if without rainfall, also can field water spray, it is conditional to fill Water；Our province rain day in May is more, and rainfall is also more abundant, and temperature is suitable, is conducive to germination to grow；In globe artichoke harvesting Sowing in time gulch, ingenious can smoothly be emerged using this natural conditions before afterwards rainwater arrives；Application rate is 2,000 grams/acre, sowing Mode typically makees drilling using flat, and 30 centimetres of line-spacing is sowed, 5 centimetres of ditch depth, 6 centimetres of sown scope after trench digging, and earthing is thick 2 centimetres；Broadcast To press when planting and after earthing（Step on）Real, practicable series of machine of having ready conditions is turned into industry；

（4）Heavy base fertilizer application

Plantation saving water, resisting drought rice must grasp heavy base fertilizer application, the principle of auxiliary spraying fertilizer；Base fertilizer typically paving apply 2000 kilograms of farm manure/ Mu, applies nitrogen, phosphorus, thousand grams/acre of potassium NPK 25-30,30,000 grams/acre of long-acting ammonium bicarbonate after trench digging（Or 15 kilograms of urea/ Mu）, 2,000 grams/acre of multielement micro-fertilizer；When concentrating fertilising, the unsuitable directly contact of seed and chemical fertilizer separates using soil；Topdress optionally Depending on, tillering stage takes the circumstances into consideration to chase after thousand grams/acre of urea 7.5-10 depending on growing way；For partially late-maturing plot, Qi Suihou was sprayed once every 7 days Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, consumption is 0.2 thousand grams/acre（To 30 kilograms of water）, spray 2 times；To later stage de- fertilizer plot, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate is being sprayed Add 1,000 grams/acre of urea during hydrogen potassium；

（5）Water management

In addition to using natural rainfall, generally can not pour water；Should manually subsidize during severe drought and pour water, frequency of irrigation and water Amount is depending on soil moisture content and saving water, resisting drought rice need regimen condition；In addition to because broadcasting front soil drought and should fill pre-sowing water, general seedling stage Do not pour water；After tiller, when leaf roll or wilting are suffered from drought in rice strain, timely moisturizing；Jointing stage, heading stage, pustulation period rice strain need water Amount is big, is also to determine yield and rice matter important period to moisture-sensitive；Need water peak period to pour water 2-3 time in upland rice fertility, can increase 20-30% is produced, and chalkness ratio is reduced；

（6）Management of weeds

The key of saving water, resisting drought rice production success or failure is to prevent and kill off weeds in field；Matched somebody with somebody from different herbicides depending on weeds species and radix Side, dispenser 2 times, the 1st time is that medicament soil is closed, wrapped with 35.3% pretilachlor one within after planting the 3rd day/mu is watered 75 kilograms of sprayings Carry out closing weeding（Soil must add big yield when dry, and this is to determine the important ring of medicament sealing effect, should be paid much attention to）；2nd It is secondary for weeds cauline leaf process, after emerging when 2 leaf of barnyard grass, select after fine day dew eliminating with 0.2 thousand grams/acre of butachlor and kill barnyard grass king 25 Gram/acre, or with 1.5 thousand grams/acre of 0.2 thousand grams/acre of butachlor plus propanil, to 50 kilograms of sprayings of water（The few ground of weeds radix over the years Block, can not also apply the 2nd medicine）；To prevent adverse effect of the herbicide to rice strain setting percentage, remove without chemistry as booting is latter Grass；If necessary, it is aided with artificial weeding；

（7）Prevent and treat disease pest

Use chemical control subterranean pest-insect；After emerging, if any mole cricket harm, 0.25 thousand grams/acre of refinement moisture soils 20,000 of metrifonate can be used Gram, earth's surface is sprinkling upon after mixing thoroughly；Before and after spike of rice cut, with counterpart chemical control false smut；The same paddy rice of other prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, 30 grams/acre of preventing and treating rice thripses of seedling stage Yong Uu worms amidine, per mu of two leaf stage sprays the high rush tiller of 50 grams of controls of paclobutrazol；Change in leaf roll snout moth's larva, two Per mu of snout moth's larva and planthopper preventing and treating phase rise 45 grams with rice, 5% 15 grams of Pi Ya Tong sprayings.

The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, technology according to the present invention scheme and its Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the cultural method of a kind of globe artichoke and saving water, resisting drought rice crop rotation, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：

（One）Globe artichoke cultivation technique

（1）Fruit variety

Breeding time suitable processing type kind is selected, mainly there is LORCA (labor card) and arithoke No.；

（2）Nursery

At the beginning of September, fair weather sowing is selected；Using nutritive cube nursery, dry seed, one piece of point, one kind are put；The little arch membrane of sowing after-frame, Film, wet down diseases prevention are taken off in time；

（3）Transplant and prepare

1. plot prepares；After upland rice harvesting, the stalk in field is stayed, and is ploughed deeply into soil, does fertilizer, and whole broken is raked；Rise Ridge, 1.2 meters of row spacing, ridge is to for north-south；Hold " three ditches " successfully, enclose 40 centimetres of ditch and waist ditch depth, furrow is deep 30 centimetres；Before transplanting, After selecting 1-2 days rainy day, soil drenches, and per mu of 50% Acetochlor 100-120ml of spray carries out weeding, immediately after epiphragma；

2. apply fertilizer；Fertilizer is disposably buried during ridging, by per mu apply 35 kilograms of purity nitrogen, 18 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 25 kilograms of potash fertilizer standard apply Fertilizer；Only apply foliage fertilizer later；

3. transplant；October early and middle ten dayses are transplanted, and now at 25-30 days, Ji seedling had 2-3 piece true leaves to seedling age；Planting density is 1.2 meters × 0.7 meter, that is, a ridge plants a line；Punching transplanting is carried out in face, root water is poured after cultivation；

（4）Field management

1. film is taken off in good time, clear good " three ditches "；After the Spring Festival, temperature gradually rises, and to take off film in time according to temperature, if taking off film mistake It is early, lose the meaning of epiphragma；If too late, easily cause hot and humid in film, burn out globe artichoke root system, and easy infection root rot； After taking off film, artificial weeding is carried out；Meanwhile, " three ditches " is cleared up, accomplish field without obvious ponding；

2. foliage fertilizer is sprayed；Adopt for the first time after flower bud, foliage application is carried out using potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the micro- fertilizer of amino acid multielement etc., carry High bud quality；

3. disease leaf and suckering plant are pinched and extractd in time；Top flower bud is extractd when stem length is to 30 centimetres, apical dominance is eliminated, is promoted Enter branch, favourable high yield；Meanwhile, suckering plant is pulled out, prevent the invalid absorption of nutrient；And extract sick leaf old leaf, be conducive to field Between ventilation and penetrating light and reduce pest and disease damage and grow place；

4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Globe artichoke insect pest is less, mainly aphid, early March mass treatment aphid 1 time, can flutter lice aphid 2 with 10% 000 times of liquid is sprayed 1 time, is optionally prevented and treated later；Disease mainly has root rot and empty stem droop, in hot and humid weather, often Mu 1 000 times of liquid of sharp antimycin, plus 50% phoxim, 500 times of pouring root preventing and treatings；Forbid the agricultural chemicals limited using national explicit order；

（Two）Saving water, resisting drought rice growing technology

（1）Plot prepares

Mid or late May, after globe artichoke harvesting is finished, stalk is extracted in time, clean out land for growing field crops；While plot is ploughed deeply, whole soil crushing, Reach Horizon, soil it is broken, without light and shade soil block, unrooted stubble；Rotary tillage after site preparation preplant treatment base fertilizer carries out whole layer placement of fertilizer preferably；

（2）Fruit variety

Saving water, resisting drought rice varieties from breeding time within 120 days, as non-irrigated excellent 113, Shanghai is excellent No. 2, breeding time is respectively 115d And 120d, strain is short anti-fall, and drought tolerance is good, is suitable to mechanization production；

（3）Begin sowing in good time

Plot it is whole it is good after, drying 2-3 days can sowing；After planting, if without rainfall, also can field water spray, it is conditional to fill Water；Our province rain day in May is more, and rainfall is also more abundant, and temperature is suitable, is conducive to germination to grow；In globe artichoke harvesting Sowing in time gulch, ingenious can smoothly be emerged using this natural conditions before afterwards rainwater arrives；Application rate is 2,000 grams/acre, sowing Mode typically makees drilling using flat, and 30 centimetres of line-spacing is sowed, 5 centimetres of ditch depth, 6 centimetres of sown scope after trench digging, and earthing is thick 2 centimetres；Broadcast To press when planting and after earthing（Step on）Real, practicable series of machine of having ready conditions is turned into industry；

（4）Heavy base fertilizer application

Plantation saving water, resisting drought rice must grasp heavy base fertilizer application, the principle of auxiliary spraying fertilizer；Base fertilizer typically paving apply 2000 kilograms of farm manure/ Mu, applies nitrogen, phosphorus, thousand grams/acre of potassium NPK 25-30,30,000 grams/acre of long-acting ammonium bicarbonate after trench digging（Or 15 kilograms of urea/ Mu）, 2,000 grams/acre of multielement micro-fertilizer；When concentrating fertilising, the unsuitable directly contact of seed and chemical fertilizer separates using soil；Topdress optionally Depending on, tillering stage takes the circumstances into consideration to chase after thousand grams/acre of urea 7.5-10 depending on growing way；For partially late-maturing plot, Qi Suihou was sprayed once every 7 days Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, consumption is 0.2 thousand grams/acre（To 30 kilograms of water）, spray 2 times；To later stage de- fertilizer plot, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate is being sprayed Add 1,000 grams/acre of urea during hydrogen potassium；

（5）Water management

In addition to using natural rainfall, generally can not pour water；Should manually subsidize during severe drought and pour water, frequency of irrigation and water Amount is depending on soil moisture content and saving water, resisting drought rice need regimen condition；In addition to because broadcasting front soil drought and should fill pre-sowing water, general seedling stage Do not pour water；After tiller, when leaf roll or wilting are suffered from drought in rice strain, timely moisturizing；Jointing stage, heading stage, pustulation period rice strain need water Amount is big, is also to determine yield and rice matter important period to moisture-sensitive；Need water peak period to pour water 2-3 time in upland rice fertility, can increase 20-30% is produced, and chalkness ratio is reduced；

（6）Management of weeds

The key of saving water, resisting drought rice production success or failure is to prevent and kill off weeds in field；Matched somebody with somebody from different herbicides depending on weeds species and radix Side, dispenser 2 times, the 1st time is that medicament soil is closed, wrapped with 35.3% pretilachlor one within after planting the 3rd day/mu is watered 75 kilograms of sprayings Carry out closing weeding（Soil must add big yield when dry, and this is to determine the important ring of medicament sealing effect, should be paid much attention to）；2nd It is secondary for weeds cauline leaf process, after emerging when 2 leaf of barnyard grass, select after fine day dew eliminating with 0.2 thousand grams/acre of butachlor and kill barnyard grass king 25 Gram/acre, or with 1.5 thousand grams/acre of 0.2 thousand grams/acre of butachlor plus propanil, to 50 kilograms of sprayings of water（The few ground of weeds radix over the years Block, can not also apply the 2nd medicine）；To prevent adverse effect of the herbicide to rice strain setting percentage, remove without chemistry as booting is latter Grass；If necessary, it is aided with artificial weeding；

（7）Prevent and treat disease pest

Use chemical control subterranean pest-insect；After emerging, if any mole cricket harm, 0.25 thousand grams/acre of refinement moisture soils 20,000 of metrifonate can be used Gram, earth's surface is sprinkling upon after mixing thoroughly；Before and after spike of rice cut, with counterpart chemical control false smut；The same paddy rice of other prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, 30 grams/acre of preventing and treating rice thripses of seedling stage Yong Uu worms amidine, per mu of two leaf stage sprays the high rush tiller of 50 grams of controls of paclobutrazol；Change in leaf roll snout moth's larva, two Per mu of snout moth's larva and planthopper preventing and treating phase rise 45 grams with rice, 5% 15 grams of Pi Ya Tong sprayings.