CN106596897A - Test device and method for measuring slope fixation effects and water absorption performances of reinforced plant soil - Google Patents
Test device and method for measuring slope fixation effects and water absorption performances of reinforced plant soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN106596897A CN106596897A CN201710033309.4A CN201710033309A CN106596897A CN 106596897 A CN106596897 A CN 106596897A CN 201710033309 A CN201710033309 A CN 201710033309A CN 106596897 A CN106596897 A CN 106596897A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
Abstract
The invention discloses a test device for measuring slope fixation effects and water absorption performances of reinforced plant soil. The test device comprises a slope frame of which the slope angle is adjustable, reinforced plant soil is arranged on the slope of the slope frame, a simulated rainfall device is arranged above the reinforced plant soil, a water tank is arranged in the upstream of the reinforced plant soil, a water collection tank is arranged in the downstream of the reinforced plant soil, one end of the water collection tank is opened, and a water metering container is arranged at the opening of the water collection tank. The invention also discloses an operation method of the test device. The test device simulates the processes of water absorbing, scouring and draining on the protection slope of the reinforced plant soil during the processes of rainfall and sheetflood. By measuring the mud content, shear strength and water content of the soil samples in different time periods and comparing mechanical properties of the reinforced plant soil protection slope soil samples in the first, middle and last three stages of rainfall and sheetflood, reinforced plant soil protection slope fixation effects and water absorption performances can be accurately determined.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of determine the solid slope effect of reinforcement plant soil and the experimental rig and method of water absorbing properties, belong to and add
Muscle plant soil mechanics characteristic detection field.
Background technology
Sponge city is that instantly China is pushed to solve the new construction mode of Urban Storm Flood management problemses, with ecocity,
Low-carbon (LC) city is closely connected, and complements each other.So-called sponge city, is a kind of statement of image, refers to that city can be as sponge one
Sample, adapting to environmental change and reply natural calamity etc. aspect has good " elasticity ", water suction when rainy, retaining, infiltration, only
Water, by the water for storing " release " and is used when needing.The concept in sponge city has advanced and validity with thought, has
Beneficial to the transformation and development that promote China's Urban Storm Flood management mode, city hydro-ecological safety is ensured, promote the profit of rainwater resource
With and ecological environmental protection.
Bank protection is urban construction, excavates building form common when river course and navigation channel, and at present conventional concrete slab is made
For bank protection mask, although comparatively robust, but its water penetration is poor, and in precipitation, cross flow, current fully enter water channel along bank protection,
Exacerbate water level rising.With the implementation of sponge the idea of the city, concrete revetment has not met the demand for meeting urban development.
Reinforcement plant soil bank protection is a kind of novel ecological slope protection form fast-developing in the last few years, and it passes through geotextile
In combination with grass planting, the effect of the solid soil of root system of the solid grass of geotextile erosion control and grass is played, with certain firm side slope energy
Power, and low cost, are easy to implement, the effect also beautified the environment.Additionally, relative to traditional concrete revetment, reinforcement
Plant soil bank protection has certain water sorption, slow down the pressure of the water channel that drains off floodwaters, and this exactly builds sponge city and wants what is obtained
Effect.At present for the antiscour of this Novel slope protection corrodes solid slope effect and permeable, soaking effect not yet sets up evaluation side
Method.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of determine the solid slope effect of reinforcement plant soil and water absorbing properties
Experimental rig and method.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Determine the experimental rig of the solid slope effect of reinforcement plant soil and water absorbing properties, including the adjustable slope frame of bevel angle, institute
State and reinforcement plant soil is provided with slope frame inclined-plane, the reinforcement plant soil top is provided with rainfall simulator, the reinforcement
The upstream of plant soil is provided with water tank, and the downstream of the reinforcement plant soil is provided with water leg, the one end open of the water leg,
The amount of being provided with water receptacle at the opening of the water leg.
Some air levels are set in the slope frame.
The slope frame includes the adjustable tilted rack of bevel angle and level frame, the upper side edge institute on the tilted rack inclined-plane
It is connected with a side of level frame in side, the base of the tilted rack and level frame is in the same plane, the level
Upper side edge of the top of support higher than tilted rack inclined-plane.
The reinforcement plant soil is arranged on slope frame inclined-plane by the incubator being adapted to, and in the incubator soil is placed with
Earth and the geotechnique's pad being arranged in soil, the root of reinforcement plant is through geotechnique's pad growth, the incubator and reinforcement plant
The height of soil is no more than the drop between horizontal top of support and tilted rack inclined-plane upper side edge.
Tilted rack inclined-plane both sides are provided with water fender.
The water tank is hinged with horizontal top of support, and the width of the water tank is not more than the spacing between the water fender of both sides.
The one side of water leg is connected with the lower side place side on tilted rack inclined-plane, and the opening of water leg is not higher than inclined-plane
The lower side on frame inclined-plane.
Water leg in the open side edges of slope frame away from being provided with riser
The method of operating of the solid slope effect of reinforcement plant soil and the experimental rig of water absorbing properties is determined, including,
Step 1, under suitable condition in incubator cultivate reinforcement plant;
Step 2, after the completion of reinforcement plant growth, takes at random N part soil samples, measurement moisture content w and shear strength K;
Step 3, places slope frame, and adjustment position makes air level be located at center;
Step 4, incubator is placed in slope frame, according to remaining all parts of the structure setting of the experimental rig;
Step 5, is simulated well pumping test and cross flow test;
Simulated precipitation test detailed process be:
S11, after the certain precipitation height h of setting and precipitation intensity W1, opens rainfall simulator, every a cycle t1, uses
Amount water receptacle measurement water yield Q, takes at random N part soil samples, measures moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity
W3;
When measure water outlet intensity W3 tend to be steady and it is close with precipitation active strength W2 when, close rainfall simulator, continue every
Every a cycle t1, consumption water receptacle measurement water yield Q takes at random N part soil samples, measures moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet and contains
Mud amount N and water outlet intensity W3, stop after threshold value of water outlet intensity W3 less than setting;
S12, the inside culture for more renewing has the incubator of reinforcement plant, adjustment surface slope, precipitation intensity W1 and precipitation height
The step of h, repetition S11;
S13, repairing experiment data draw respectively aqueous under different surface slopes, different precipitation intensity W1, different precipitation height h
Rate w, shearing strength K, clay content N and the time dependent curve of water outlet intensity W3;
Simulation cross flow test process be:
S21, adds a certain amount of water in water tank, is disposably finished down within a period of time;
S22, after pouring terminates, every a cycle t2, consumption water receptacle measurement water flow Q, takes at random N part soil samples, measures
Moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity W3, stop after the threshold value of water flow Q settings;
S23, the inside culture for more renewing has the incubator of reinforcement plant, adjustment surface slope and water volume in water tank, repeats the step of S21
Suddenly;
S23, repairing experiment data, draw respectively moisture content w under surface slope and water volume in water tank, shearing strength K, clay content N and
The time dependent curve of water outlet intensity W3.
The beneficial effect that the present invention is reached:Invention emulates during precipitation, cross flow reinforcement plant soil bank protection
Absorb water, wash away, drainage procedure, by measuring different periods soil sample clay content, shear strength and moisture content, reinforcement plant soil is protected
Slope three phases soil sample soil mechanical properties before, during and after precipitation and cross flow are contrasted, so as to imitate to reinforcement plant soil bank protection Gu Po
Fruit and water absorbing properties have accurately judgement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of slope frame.
Fig. 3 is the profile of reinforcement plant soil.
Fig. 4 is water leg sectional drawing.
Fig. 5 is rainfall simulator structural representation.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the invention will be further described.Following examples are only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
As shown in figure 1, the experimental rig of the solid slope effect of reinforcement plant soil and water absorbing properties is determined, including bevel angle is adjustable
The slope frame 1 of section, is provided with reinforcement plant soil 3 on the inclined-plane of slope frame 1, the top of reinforcement plant soil 3 is provided with rainfall simulator
5, the upstream of reinforcement plant soil 3 is provided with water tank 6, and the downstream of reinforcement plant soil 3 is provided with water leg 4, and one end of water leg 4 is opened
Mouthful, the amount of being provided with water receptacle at the opening of water leg 4.
As shown in Fig. 2 slope frame 1 includes the adjustable tilted rack 8 of bevel angle and level frame 9, the inclined-plane of tilted rack 8 it is upper
Side place side is connected with a side of level frame 9, and the base of tilted rack 8 and level frame 9 is in the same plane, level
Upper side edge of the top surface of frame 9 higher than the inclined-plane of tilted rack 8.
Tilted rack 8 and level frame 9 are common support bodys, and wherein level frame structure can have various, can be as in figure
Cuboid, or the levelling bench being connected with tilted rack 8 by connecting rod, no matter be as long as which kind of structure ensures its top surface
Level;The structure of tilted rack 8 can also have various, can as the rectangular prismatoid that is spliced by some rod members in figure with
And the inclined-plane being arranged on the oblique waist of rectangular prismatoid, rod member includes that bottom level vertical pole 12, bottom level cross bar, top horizontal are horizontal
Bar, top brace 10 and montant 11, by top brace 10, sliding, montant 11 are sliding on bottom level vertical pole 12 on montant 11
In-migration adjustable inclined surface apparatus angle, or the ramp platform supported by two ends elevating lever, by the liter of one end elevating lever
Falling tone section bevel angle, either that structure, only need inclined-plane can adjust, and the excursion of bevel angle is 1:2~1:4.
Place for the ease of slope frame 1, some air levels are set in slope frame 1, be mainly disposed in horizontal bars.For
Leaking in precipitation, cross flow process of the test water is reduced, the inclined-plane both sides of tilted rack 8 are provided with water fender 7, water fender 7
Depending on height is according to actual conditions, general range is 15cm ~ 20cm, and water fender 7 is filled with inclined-plane gap with glass cement.
Reinforcement plant soil 3 is arranged on the inclined-plane of slope frame 1 by the incubator 2 of adaptation, be placed with soil in incubator 2 with
And the geotechnological pad 14 being arranged in soil, the root of reinforcement plant 13 grows through geotechnological pad 14, incubator 2 and reinforcement plant soil
3 height is no more than the drop between the top surface of level frame 9 and the inclined-plane upper side edge of tilted rack 8.Incubator 2 is near water leg 4
Side is inclined-plane, and slope range is 1:1~1:2, using wire netting and geotextiles, wire netting is located at outside facade the material on the inclined-plane
Side, it is ensured that the intensity of the facade, geotextiles are located in facade and survey, it is ensured that the water penetration of the facade, and prevent soil particle to be lost in;Training
The bottom surface of foster case 2 and the other three facade adopt poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, and gap is filled with glass cement between each facade.Reinforcement plant soil 3 with
Incubator 2 arranges the thick geotechnological pads 14 of 2cm ~ 2.5cm, reinforcement plant with high, its profile such as Fig. 3 in soil 3cm ~ 4cm depths
13 can only select average height not little because being affected by factors such as external environments not reaching test requirements document in developmental process in test
Tested in the reinforcement plant 13 of 10cm.
Water leg 4 is as shown in figure 4, be semicircle water leg 4, the one side of water leg 4 and the lower side on the inclined-plane of tilted rack 8
Place side connects, and gap is filled with glass cement, and the opening of water leg 4 is not higher than the lower side on the inclined-plane of tilted rack 8, water leg 4
Radius meets displacement and is not less than the effective water yield of 1.1 ~ 1.2 times of maximums;To reduce the outer of in precipitation, cross flow process of the test water
Let out, water leg 4 is provided with riser 14 in the open side edges away from slope frame 1, highly not less than 30cm.
As shown in figure 5, rainfall simulator 5 is some shower nozzles fixed by fixing axle, circular jetting is used here
Head, is distributed in the surrounding of slope frame 1, and shower nozzle place plane is 5 DEG C ~ 10 DEG C with fixing axle angle(Counterclockwise for just), shower nozzle center
On the facade of inclined-plane diagonal place, Rainfall height is 50cm ~ 80cm, and precipitation intensity W1 is not less than 4mm/h, effective rainfall face
Product is not less than 1m2, rainfall coefficient of uniformity is not less than 0.8.
The volume of water tank 6 is not less than 40L, and water tank 6 is hinged with horizontal top of support, and the width of water tank 6 is not more than both sides water fender 7
Between spacing, water tank 6 can around hinge be rotated by 90 °, after being rotated by 90 ° and water fender 7 will have the lap of 3cm ~ 5cm, to subtract
Water leaks during few pouring.
The method of operating of above-mentioned experimental rig, the operation is carried out indoors, is comprised the following steps:
Step 1, cultivates in incubator 2 reinforcement plant 13 under suitable condition.
Step 2, after the completion of reinforcement plant 13 grows, selecting the height of reinforcement plant 13 and being not less than the incubator 2 of 10cm is carried out
Test, takes at random N part soil samples, and N typically takes three, measures moisture content w and shear strength K.
Step 3, places slope frame 1, slope frame 1 will be seated in and had abundant water resources, and the flat area of physical features, adjustment position makes
Air level is located at center.
Step 4, incubator 2 is placed in slope frame 1, can be connected both by C-type clamp, checks again for air level,
Then according to remaining all parts of the structure setting of the experimental rig, and water fender 7 and inclined-plane, incubator 2 and slope are checked
Joint seal situation at frame 1, slope frame 1 and water leg 4, is dripped using dropper at gap, after water percolating capacity is less than 10%, is used
Watering can sprinkling water leg 4, water fender 7, until tiny current can be formed.
Step 5, is simulated well pumping test and cross flow test.
Simulated precipitation test detailed process be:
S11, after the certain precipitation height h of setting and precipitation intensity W1, opens rainfall simulator 5, every a cycle t1, uses
Amount water receptacle measurement water yield Q, takes at random N part soil samples, measures moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity
W3;
Tend to be steady and close with precipitation active strength W2 when water outlet intensity W3 is measured(When the difference of W2 and W3 is in default scope
When interior, both are regarded as close)When, rainfall simulator 5 is closed, continue every a cycle t1, consumption water receptacle is measured
Water yield Q, takes at random N part soil samples, measures moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity W3, until water outlet it is strong
Degree W3 is less than stopping after the threshold value of setting.
Above-mentioned amount water receptacle volume is not less than 1L;Precipitation intensity W1 refers to the available intensity of spray irrigation of rainfall simulator 5;
Precipitation active strength W2 refers to that precipitation drops to the actual rainfall intensity in incubator 2;Water outlet intensity W3 refers to going out in unit area
Discharge;T1 takes 1/6-1/8 cycle in precipitation, and cycle in precipitation is 30min-120min, threshold value can according to circumstances depending on, here for
0.1mm/h。
S12, the inside culture for more renewing has the incubator 2 of reinforcement plant 13, adjustment surface slope, precipitation intensity W1 and drop
The step of water height h, repetition S11.Because experimental design variable is more, the duration is longer, when incubator 2 is changed every time
Ensure that air level is located at center.
S13, repairing experiment data, under different surface slopes, different precipitation intensity W1, different precipitation height h are drawn respectively
Moisture content w, shearing strength K, clay content N and the time dependent curve of water outlet intensity W3, inquire into reinforcement plant soil 3 and make in precipitation
Solid slope effect and water absorbing properties with.
Simulation cross flow test process be:
S21, adds a certain amount of water in water tank 6, is disposably finished down within a period of time;The pouring time is usually set to 5s ~ 8s.
S22, after pouring terminates, every a cycle t2, consumption water receptacle measurement water flow Q, takes at random N part soil samples,
Moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity W3 are measured, is stopped after the threshold value of water flow Q settings.
T2 takes 3min ~ 5min, threshold value can according to circumstances depending on, be here 10ml/h.
S23, the inside culture for more renewing has the incubator 2 of reinforcement plant 12, adjustment surface slope and the water yield of water tank 6, weight
The step of multiple S21.Because experimental design variable is more, the duration is longer, and when incubator 2 is changed level is ensured every time
Bubble is located at center.
S23, repairing experiment data draw respectively moisture content w, shearing strength K under surface slope and the water yield of water tank 6, containing mud
Amount N and the time dependent curve of water outlet intensity W3, inquire into solid slope effect and water imbibition of the reinforcement plant soil 3 under cross flow effect
Energy.
The present invention can simulate during precipitation, cross flow the water suction of the bank protection of reinforcement plant soil 3, wash away, drainage procedure, lead to
Cross measurement different periods soil sample clay content, shear strength and moisture content, to the bank protection of reinforcement plant soil 3 before precipitation and cross flow, in,
Afterwards three phases soil sample soil mechanical properties are contrasted, so as to have accurately to the solid slope effect of the bank protection of reinforcement plant soil 3 and water absorbing properties
Judgement.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, some improvement and deformation can also be made, these improve and deform
Also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the experimental rig of the solid slope effect of reinforcement plant soil and water absorbing properties is determined, it is characterised in that:It is adjustable including bevel angle
The slope frame of section, is provided with reinforcement plant soil on the slope frame inclined-plane, the reinforcement plant soil top is provided with simulated rainfall
Device, the upstream of the reinforcement plant soil is provided with water tank, and the downstream of the reinforcement plant soil is provided with water leg, described to catchment
The one end open of groove, the amount of being provided with water receptacle at the opening of the water leg.
2. according to claim 1 to determine the experimental rig that reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, its feature exists
In:Some air levels are set in the slope frame.
3. it is according to claim 1 and 2 to determine the experimental rig that reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, its feature
It is:The slope frame includes the adjustable tilted rack of bevel angle and level frame, and the upper side edge on the tilted rack inclined-plane is located
Side is connected with a side of level frame, and the base of the tilted rack and level frame is in the same plane, the level frame
Upper side edge of the top surface higher than tilted rack inclined-plane.
4. according to claim 3 to determine the experimental rig that reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, its feature exists
In:The reinforcement plant soil by be adapted to incubator be arranged on slope frame inclined-plane, soil is placed with the incubator with
And the geotechnique's pad being arranged in soil, the root of reinforcement plant is through geotechnique's pad growth, the incubator and reinforcement plant soil
Height is no more than the drop between horizontal top of support and tilted rack inclined-plane upper side edge.
5. according to claim 3 to determine the experimental rig that reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, its feature exists
In:Tilted rack inclined-plane both sides are provided with water fender.
6. according to claim 5 to determine the experimental rig that reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, its feature exists
In:The water tank is hinged with horizontal top of support, and the width of the water tank is not more than the spacing between the water fender of both sides.
7. according to claim 3 to determine the experimental rig that reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, its feature exists
In:The one side of water leg is connected with the lower side place side on tilted rack inclined-plane, and it is oblique that the opening of water leg is not higher than tilted rack
The lower side in face.
8. according to claim 7 to determine the experimental rig that reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, its feature exists
In:Water leg in the open side edges of slope frame away from being provided with riser.
9. the method for operating of the solid slope effect of reinforcement plant soil and the experimental rig of water absorbing properties is determined, it is characterised in that:Including,
Step 1, under suitable condition in incubator cultivate reinforcement plant;
Step 2, after the completion of reinforcement plant growth, takes at random N part soil samples, measurement moisture content w and shear strength K;
Step 3, places slope frame, and adjustment position makes air level be located at center;
Step 4, incubator is placed in slope frame, according to remaining all parts of the structure setting of the experimental rig;
Step 5, is simulated well pumping test and cross flow test;
Simulated precipitation test detailed process be:
S11, after the certain precipitation height h of setting and precipitation intensity W1, opens rainfall simulator, every a cycle t1, uses
Amount water receptacle measurement water yield Q, takes at random N part soil samples, measures moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity
W3;
When measure water outlet intensity W3 tend to be steady and it is close with precipitation active strength W2 when, close rainfall simulator, continue every
Every a cycle t1, consumption water receptacle measurement water yield Q takes at random N part soil samples, measures moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet and contains
Mud amount N and water outlet intensity W3, stop after threshold value of water outlet intensity W3 less than setting;
S12, the inside culture for more renewing has the incubator of reinforcement plant, adjustment surface slope, precipitation intensity W1 and precipitation height
The step of h, repetition S11;
S13, repairing experiment data draw respectively aqueous under different surface slopes, different precipitation intensity W1, different precipitation height h
Rate w, shearing strength K, clay content N and the time dependent curve of water outlet intensity W3;
Simulation cross flow test process be:
S21, adds a certain amount of water in water tank, is disposably finished down within a period of time;
S22, after pouring terminates, every a cycle t2, consumption water receptacle measurement water flow Q, takes at random N part soil samples, measures
Moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity W3, stop after the threshold value of water flow Q settings;
S23, the inside culture for more renewing has the incubator of reinforcement plant, adjustment surface slope and water volume in water tank, repeats the step of S21
Suddenly;
S23, repairing experiment data, draw respectively moisture content w under surface slope and water volume in water tank, shearing strength K, clay content N and
The time dependent curve of water outlet intensity W3.
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