CN106596897B - Measurement reinforcement plant soil consolidates the experimental rig and method of slope effect and water absorbing properties - Google Patents
Measurement reinforcement plant soil consolidates the experimental rig and method of slope effect and water absorbing properties Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the experimental rigs that a kind of measurement reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, including the adjustable slope frame of bevel angle, reinforcement plant soil is provided on slope frame inclined-plane, rainfall simulator is provided with above reinforcement plant soil, the upstream of reinforcement plant soil is provided with water tank, the downstream of reinforcement plant soil is provided with catch basin, open at one end, the opening amount of the being provided with water container of catch basin of catch basin.The operating method of the device is also disclosed simultaneously.Invention emulates during precipitation, cross flow the water suction of reinforcement plant soil slope protection, wash away, drainage procedure, pass through measurement different periods soil sample clay content, shear strength and moisture content, to reinforcement plant soil slope protection, three phases soil sample soil mechanical properties are compared before, during and after precipitation and cross flow, so that consolidating slope effect and water absorbing properties to reinforcement plant soil slope protection has accurate judgement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to experimental rigs and method that a kind of measurement reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, belong to and add
Muscle plant soil mechanics characteristic detection field.
Background technique
Sponge city is that China is pushed to solve the new construction mode of Urban Storm Flood management problems instantly, with ecocity,
Low carbon city is closely connected, and complements each other.So-called sponge city is a kind of statement of image, refers to that city can be as sponge one
Sample, adapt to environmental change and reply in terms of have good " elasticity ", rain when water suction, water storage, infiltration, only
Water by the water stored " release " and is used when needing.The concept and thought in sponge city have advanced and validity, have
Conducive to the transformation and development for pushing China's Urban Storm Flood management mode, ensures city hydro-ecological safety, promote the benefit of rainwater resource
With and ecological environmental protection.
Slope protection is urban construction, excavates building form common when river and navigation channel, and common concrete slab is made at present
For slope protection mask, although comparatively robust, its water penetration is poor, and in precipitation, cross flow, water flow fully enters water channel along slope protection,
Exacerbate water level rising.With the implementation of sponge the idea of the city, concrete revetment, which has not been met, meets the needs of urban development.
Reinforcement plant soil slope protection is a kind of novel ecological slope protection form fast-developing in recent years, passes through geotextile
It is combined with grass planting, has played the effect of the solid soil of root system of the solid grass of geotextile erosion control and grass, there is certain firm side slope energy
Power, and low cost, are easy to implement, the effect also beautified the environment.In addition, relative to traditional concrete revetment, reinforcement
Plant soil slope protection has certain water sorption, slows down the pressure for the water channel that drains off floodwaters, this exactly builds what sponge city was wanted
Effect.Solid slope effect is corroded for the antiscour of this Novel slope protection at present and permeable, soaking effect not yet establishes evaluation side
Method.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of measurement reinforcement plant soils to consolidate slope effect and water absorbing properties
Experimental rig and method.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
Measurement reinforcement plant soil consolidates the experimental rig of slope effect and water absorbing properties, including the adjustable slope of bevel angle
Frame is provided with reinforcement plant soil on the slope frame inclined-plane, is provided with rainfall simulator above the reinforcement plant soil, described
The upstream of reinforcement plant soil is provided with water tank, and the downstream of the reinforcement plant soil is provided with catch basin, one end of the catch basin
Opening, the opening amount of the being provided with water container of the catch basin.
Several air levels are set in the slope frame.
The slope frame includes the adjustable tilted rack of bevel angle and level frame, the upper side edge institute on the tilted rack inclined-plane
It is connected in side and a side of level frame, the bottom edge of the tilted rack and level frame is in the same plane, the level
Top of support is higher than the upper side edge on tilted rack inclined-plane.
The reinforcement plant soil is arranged on slope frame inclined-plane by the incubator of adaptation, is placed with soil in the incubator
Earth and the geotechnique's pad being arranged in soil, the root of reinforcement plant pass through geotechnique's pad growth, the incubator and reinforcement plant
The height of soil is no more than the drop between horizontal top of support and tilted rack inclined-plane upper side edge.
Tilted rack inclined-plane two sides are provided with water fender.
The water tank and horizontal top of support are hinged, and the width of the water tank is no more than the spacing between the water fender of two sides.
The one side of catch basin is connect with side where the lower side on tilted rack inclined-plane, and the opening of catch basin is not higher than inclined-plane
The lower side on frame inclined-plane.
Catch basin is far from being provided with vertical plate in the open side edges of slope frame
Measurement reinforcement plant soil consolidates the operating method of the experimental rig of slope effect and water absorbing properties, including,
Step 1, reinforcement plant is cultivated under suitable condition in the incubator；
Step 2, after the completion of reinforcement plant growth, N parts of soil samples are taken at random, measure moisture content w and shearing strength K；
Step 3, slope frame is placed, adjustment position makes air level be located at center；
Step 4, incubator is placed in slope frame, according to remaining all parts of the structure setting of the experimental rig；
Step 5, simulated precipitation test and cross flow test are carried out；
The detailed process of simulated precipitation test are as follows:
S11 after setting certain precipitation height h and precipitation intensity W1, opens rainfall simulator, every a cycle
T1, dosage water container measure water flow Q, take N part soil samples at random, measure moisture content w, shearing strength K, be discharged clay content N and
It is discharged intensity W3；
When measure water outlet intensity W3 tend to be steady and be close with precipitation active strength W2 when, close rainfall simulator, after
It is continuous that every a cycle t1, dosage water container measures water flow Q, takes N parts of soil samples at random, measure moisture content w, shearing strength K,
It is discharged clay content N and water outlet intensity W3, is stopped after water outlet intensity W3 is less than the threshold value of setting；
S12, the inside culture more renewed have the incubator of reinforcement plant, adjustment surface slope, precipitation intensity W1 and precipitation
The step of height h, repetition S11；
S13, repairing experiment data are drawn respectively under different surface slopes, different precipitation intensity W1, different precipitation height h
The curve that moisture content w, shearing strength K, clay content N and water outlet intensity W3 are changed over time；
Simulate the process of cross flow test are as follows:
A certain amount of water is added in water tank, is disposably finished down whithin a period of time by S21；
S22, after pouring, every a cycle t2, dosage water container measures water flow Q, takes N parts of soil samples at random,
Moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity W3 are measured, is stopped after the threshold value of water flow Q setting；
S23, the inside culture more renewed have the incubator of reinforcement plant, adjust surface slope and water volume in water tank, repeat S21
The step of；
S24, repairing experiment data draw moisture content w, shearing strength K, clay content under surface slope and water volume in water tank respectively
The curve that N and water outlet intensity W3 are changed over time.
Advantageous effects of the invention: invention emulates reinforcement plant soil slope protections during precipitation, cross flow
It absorbs water, wash away, drainage procedure, by measurement different periods soil sample clay content, shearing strength and moisture content, reinforcement plant soil is protected
Slope three phases soil sample soil mechanical properties before, during and after precipitation and cross flow compare, to imitate to reinforcement plant soil slope protection Gu Po
Fruit and water absorbing properties have accurate judgement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of slope frame.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of reinforcement plant soil.
Fig. 4 is catch basin cross-section diagram.
Fig. 5 is rainfall simulator structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, measuring the experimental rig that reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, including bevel angle is adjustable
The slope frame 1 of section is provided with reinforcement plant soil 3 on 1 inclined-plane of slope frame, is provided with rainfall simulator above reinforcement plant soil 3
5, the upstream of reinforcement plant soil 3 is provided with water tank 6, and the downstream of reinforcement plant soil 3 is provided with catch basin 4, and one end of catch basin 4 is opened
Mouthful, the opening amount of the being provided with water container of catch basin 4.
As shown in Fig. 2, slope frame 1 include the adjustable tilted rack 8 of bevel angle and level frame 9,8 inclined-plane of tilted rack it is upper
Side where side is connect with a side of level frame 9, and the bottom edge of tilted rack 8 and level frame 9 is in the same plane, horizontal
9 top surface of frame is higher than the upper side edge on 8 inclined-plane of tilted rack.
Tilted rack 8 and level frame 9 are common frame bodies, wherein level frame structure can there are many, can be as in figure
Cuboid is also possible to the levelling bench connecting by connecting rod with tilted rack 8, as long as regardless of which kind of structure guarantees that its top surface is
Level；The structure of tilted rack 8 can also there are many, can as in figure by rectangular prismatoid that several rod pieces are spliced with
And the inclined-plane in rectangular prismatoid oblique waist is set, rod piece includes bottom level vertical pole 12, bottom level cross bar, top horizontal cross
Bar, top brace 10 and vertical bar 11 are slid on vertical bar 11 by top brace 10, vertical bar 11 is slided on bottom level vertical pole 12
In-migration adjustable inclined surface apparatus angle, is also possible to the ramp platform supported by both ends elevating lever, passes through the liter of one end elevating lever
Falling tone section bevel angle only needs inclined-plane adjustable regardless of structure, and the variation range of bevel angle is 1:2~1:
4。
For the ease of the placement of slope frame 1, several air levels are set in slope frame 1, are mainly disposed in horizontal bars.For
Leaking for during precipitation, cross flow test water is reduced, 8 inclined-plane two sides of tilted rack are provided with water fender 7, water fender 7
Height according to the actual situation depending on, general range is 15cm~20cm, and water fender 7 filled with inclined-plane gap with glass cement.
Reinforcement plant soil 3 by adaptation incubator 2 be arranged on 1 inclined-plane of slope frame, be placed in incubator 2 soil with
And the geotechnological pad 14 in soil is set, the root of reinforcement plant 13 passes through geotechnological pad 14 and grows, incubator 2 and reinforcement plant soil
3 height is no more than the drop between 8 inclined-plane upper side edge of 9 top surface of level frame and tilted rack.Incubator 2 is close to catch basin 4
Side is inclined-plane, and slope range is 1:1~1:2, and the material on the inclined-plane uses wire netting and geotextiles, and wire netting is located at outside facade
Side guarantees the intensity of the facade, and geotextiles, which are located in facade, to be surveyed, and guarantees the water penetration of the facade, and soil particle is prevented to be lost；Training
It supports 2 bottom surface of case and the other three facade uses poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, gap is filled with glass cement between each facade.Reinforcement plant soil 3 with
Incubator 2 is with high, sectional view such as Fig. 3, and in the geotechnological pad 14 of the depths soil 3cm~4cm setting 2cm~2.5cm thickness, reinforcement is planted
Object 13 can only select average height not in test because being influenced that test requirements document is not achieved by factors such as external environments in developmental process
Reinforcement plant 13 less than 10cm is tested.
Catch basin 4 is as shown in figure 4, be semicircle catch basin 4, the one side of catch basin 4 and the lower side on 8 inclined-plane of tilted rack
The connection of place side, gap are filled with glass cement, and the opening of catch basin 4 is not higher than the lower side on 8 inclined-plane of tilted rack, catch basin 4
Radius meets displacement not less than 1.1~1.2 times of effective water yields of maximum；To reduce water during precipitation, cross flow test
It leaks, catch basin 4 is provided with vertical plate 15 in the open side edges far from slope frame 1, is highly not less than 30cm.
As shown in figure 5, rainfall simulator 5 is several spray head fixed by fixing axle, here using circular jetting
Head is distributed in 1 surrounding of slope frame, and plane where spray head and fixing axle angle are 5 DEG C~10 DEG C (being positive counterclockwise), spray head center
On facade where inclined-plane diagonal line, Rainfall height is 50cm~80cm, and precipitation intensity W1 is not less than 4mm/h, effective rainfall
Area is not less than 1m2, rainfall coefficient of uniformity is not less than 0.8.
6 volume of water tank is not less than 40L, and water tank 6 and horizontal top of support are hinged, and the width of water tank 6 is not more than two sides water fender 7
Between spacing, water tank 6 can around hinge be rotated by 90 °, the lap that have 3cm~5cm with water fender 7 afterwards is rotated by 90 °, to subtract
Water leaks when pouring less.
The operating method of above-mentioned experimental rig, the operation carry out indoors, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, reinforcement plant 13 is cultivated under suitable condition in incubator 2.
Step 2, it after the completion of reinforcement plant 13 grows, selects incubator 2 of 13 height of reinforcement plant not less than 10cm and carries out
Test takes N parts of soil samples at random, and N generally takes three, measures moisture content w and shearing strength K.
Step 3, slope frame 1 is placed, slope frame 1 will be seated in and had abundant water resources, the flat area of topography, adjustment position makes
Air level is located at center.
Step 4, incubator 2 is placed in slope frame 1, the two can be connected by C-type clamp, checks again for air level,
Then according to remaining all parts of the structure setting of the experimental rig, and water fender 7 and inclined-plane, incubator 2 and slope are checked
Joint seal situation at frame 1, slope frame 1 and catch basin 4, is dripped at gap using dropper, after water percolating capacity is no more than 10%, is used
Watering can sprays catch basin 4, water fender 7, until tiny water flow can be formed.
Step 5, simulated precipitation test and cross flow test are carried out.
The detailed process of simulated precipitation test are as follows:
S11 after setting certain precipitation height h and precipitation intensity W1, opens rainfall simulator 5, every a cycle
T1, dosage water container measure water flow Q, take N part soil samples at random, measure moisture content w, shearing strength K, be discharged clay content N and
It is discharged intensity W3；
It tends to be steady and close with precipitation active strength W2 (when the difference of W2 and W3 is preset when measuring water outlet intensity W3
When in range, it is close to regard as the two) when, rainfall simulator 5 is closed, is continued every a cycle t1, dosage water container is surveyed
Water flow Q is measured, takes N parts of soil samples at random, measures moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity W3, until
Water outlet intensity W3 stops after being less than the threshold value of setting.
Above-mentioned amount water container volume is not less than 1L；Precipitation intensity W1 refers to the available intensity of spray irrigation of rainfall simulator 5；
Precipitation active strength W2 refers to that precipitation drops to the practical rainfall intensity in incubator 2；Water outlet intensity W3 refers to going out on unit area
Water flow；T1 takes 1/6-1/8 cycle in precipitation, cycle in precipitation 30min-120min, threshold value can according to circumstances depending on, here for
0.1mm/h。
S12, the inside culture more renewed have the incubator 2 of reinforcement plant 13, adjustment surface slope, precipitation intensity W1 and drop
The step of water height h, repetition S11.Since experimental design variable is more, the duration is longer, every time when replacing incubator 2
Guarantee that air level is located at center.
S13, repairing experiment data are drawn respectively under different surface slopes, different precipitation intensity W1, different precipitation height h
The curve that moisture content w, shearing strength K, clay content N and water outlet intensity W3 are changed over time is inquired into reinforcement plant soil 3 and is made in precipitation
Solid slope effect and water absorbing properties under.
Simulate the process of cross flow test are as follows:
A certain amount of water is added in water tank 6, is disposably finished down whithin a period of time by S21；The pouring time is usually set to 5s
~8s.
S22, after pouring, every a cycle t2, dosage water container measures water flow Q, takes N parts of soil samples at random,
Moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity W3 are measured, is stopped after the threshold value of water flow Q setting.
T2 takes 3min~5min, threshold value can according to circumstances depending on, be here 10ml/h.
S23, the inside culture more renewed have the incubator 2 of reinforcement plant 12, adjust surface slope and 6 water of water tank, weight
The step of multiple S21.Since experimental design variable is more, the duration is longer, to guarantee level every time when replacing incubator 2
Bubble is located at center.
S24, repairing experiment data draw moisture content w under surface slope and 6 water of water tank respectively, shearing strength K, contain mud
The curve that amount N and water outlet intensity W3 are changed over time inquires into solid slope effect and water imbibition of the reinforcement plant soil 3 under cross flow effect
Energy.
The present invention can simulate the water suction of 3 slope protection of reinforcement plant soil during precipitation, cross flow, wash away, drainage procedure, lead to
Cross measurement different periods soil sample clay content, shearing strength and moisture content, to 3 slope protection of reinforcement plant soil before precipitation and cross flow, in,
Three phases soil sample soil mechanical properties compare afterwards, so that consolidating slope effect and water absorbing properties to 3 slope protection of reinforcement plant soil has accurately
Judgement.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the experimental rig that measurement reinforcement plant soil consolidates slope effect and water absorbing properties, it is characterised in that: adjustable including bevel angle
The slope frame of section is provided with reinforcement plant soil on the slope frame inclined-plane, is provided with simulated rainfall above the reinforcement plant soil
Device, the upstream of the reinforcement plant soil are provided with water tank, and the downstream of the reinforcement plant soil is provided with catch basin, described to catchment
Open at one end, the opening amount of the being provided with water container of the catch basin of slot；
The slope frame includes the adjustable tilted rack of bevel angle and level frame, side where the upper side edge on the tilted rack inclined-plane
Face and a side of level frame connect, and the bottom edge of the tilted rack and level frame is in the same plane, the level frame top
Face is higher than the upper side edge on tilted rack inclined-plane；
The reinforcement plant soil by adaptation incubator be arranged on slope frame inclined-plane, be placed in the incubator soil with
And geotechnique's pad in soil is set, the root of reinforcement plant passes through geotechnique's pad growth, the incubator and reinforcement plant soil
Height is no more than the drop between horizontal top of support and tilted rack inclined-plane upper side edge.
2. measurement reinforcement plant soil according to claim 1 consolidates the experimental rig of slope effect and water absorbing properties, feature exists
In: several air levels are set in the slope frame.
3. measurement reinforcement plant soil according to claim 1 consolidates the experimental rig of slope effect and water absorbing properties, feature exists
In: tilted rack inclined-plane two sides are provided with water fender.
4. measurement reinforcement plant soil according to claim 3 consolidates the experimental rig of slope effect and water absorbing properties, feature exists
In: the water tank and horizontal top of support are hinged, and the width of the water tank is no more than the spacing between the water fender of two sides.
5. measurement reinforcement plant soil according to claim 1 consolidates the experimental rig of slope effect and water absorbing properties, feature exists
In: side where the lower side on the one side of catch basin and tilted rack inclined-plane is connect, and the opening of catch basin is oblique not higher than tilted rack
The lower side in face.
6. measurement reinforcement plant soil according to claim 5 consolidates the experimental rig of slope effect and water absorbing properties, feature exists
In: catch basin is provided with vertical plate in the open side edges far from slope frame.
7. the operation side that a kind of measurement reinforcement plant soil as claimed in claim 6 consolidates the experimental rig of slope effect and water absorbing properties
Method, it is characterised in that: including,
Step 1, reinforcement plant is cultivated under suitable condition in the incubator；
Step 2, after the completion of reinforcement plant growth, N parts of soil samples are taken at random, measure moisture content w and shearing strength K；
Step 3, slope frame is placed, adjustment position makes air level be located at center；
Step 4, incubator is placed in slope frame, according to remaining all parts of the structure setting of the experimental rig；
Step 5, simulated precipitation test and cross flow test are carried out；
The detailed process of simulated precipitation test are as follows:
S11 after setting certain precipitation height h and precipitation intensity W1, opens rainfall simulator, every a cycle t1, uses
It measures water container and measures water flow Q, take N parts of soil samples at random, it is strong to measure moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet
Spend W3；
When measuring water outlet intensity W3 and tending to be steady and is close with precipitation active strength W2, rainfall simulator is closed, is continued every
Every a cycle t1, dosage water container measures water flow Q, takes N parts of soil samples at random, measures moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet
Clay content N and water outlet intensity W3 stops after water outlet intensity W3 is less than the threshold value of setting；
S12, the inside culture more renewed have the incubator of reinforcement plant, adjustment surface slope, precipitation intensity W1 and precipitation height
The step of h, repetition S11；
S13, repairing experiment data are drawn aqueous under different surface slopes, different precipitation intensity W1, different precipitation height h respectively
The curve that rate w, shearing strength K, clay content N and water outlet intensity W3 are changed over time；
Simulate the process of cross flow test are as follows:
A certain amount of water is added in water tank, is disposably finished down whithin a period of time by S21；
S22, after pouring, every a cycle t2, dosage water container measures water flow Q, takes N parts of soil samples at random, measure
Moisture content w, shearing strength K, water outlet clay content N and water outlet intensity W3, stop after the threshold value of water flow Q setting；
S23, the inside culture more renewed have the incubator of reinforcement plant, adjust surface slope and water volume in water tank, repeat the step of S21
Suddenly；
S24, repairing experiment data, draw respectively moisture content w under surface slope and water volume in water tank, shearing strength K, clay content N and
The curve that water outlet intensity W3 is changed over time.
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